祈使句、感嘆句課件.ppt

1、祈使句,by 夕夕,祈使句,用以表示請(qǐng)求、命令、勸告、建議、號(hào)召等。 句子結(jié)構(gòu)和陳述句一樣， 但是主語(yǔ)常為第二人稱(chēng)you，且省略。 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形， 否定結(jié)構(gòu)用dont加動(dòng)詞原形。 句末用句號(hào)或者感嘆號(hào)。,類(lèi)型如下： 1、V型：動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他2、Be型： Be + 形容詞 3、Let型：Let sb. + 其他 4、No型： No+ v-ing / n,注意：表示委婉、客氣時(shí)，常加please(可放句首，句末)祈使句的否定形式：一般在句首加dontLet型的祈使句變否定句，可在句首加dont, 或在動(dòng)詞原形前加not,例句：1、Put those things back in their

2、places.把那些東西放回原處。2、Watch your steps.走路小心。3、Stand up.起立！4、Close the door!關(guān)上門(mén)！,5、在4的基礎(chǔ)上加please表禮貌。Please close the door!請(qǐng)關(guān)門(mén)！Close the door,please!請(qǐng)關(guān)門(mén)！6、Be quiet, please.請(qǐng)安靜。7、Be a good boy!要做一個(gè)好孩子！8、No parking.禁止停車(chē)。9、No smoking.禁止吸煙。,10、No litter!不準(zhǔn)亂扔雜物！11、Do be careful.一定要小心！12、Dont move.別動(dòng)。13、Dont b

3、e late.別遲到。14、Dont wait!別等了！15、Dont open the window!不要開(kāi)窗！,16、Dont speak to me like that!別那樣跟我說(shuō)話(huà)！17、Dont look out of the window!不要朝窗外看！18、Dont talk in class!不要在課上說(shuō)話(huà)！19、Let me try.讓我試試。20、Let her join us.讓她加入我們吧。,祈使句+and+簡(jiǎn)單句：“如果，就”Go down the street,and you will see a hospital.順著這條路，你就能看到一家醫(yī)院。祈使句+or+簡(jiǎn)

4、單句：“否則”Be quick,or we will be late.快點(diǎn)，要不就遲到了。,祈使句后面附加問(wèn)句能使語(yǔ)氣更委婉。1、Tell me about it,will you?告訴我這些好嗎？2、Dont tell anyone,will you?不要告訴任何人好嗎？3、Lets go out to play for a while,will you?我們出去玩會(huì)兒好嗎？,特殊用法：祈使句有時(shí)候相當(dāng)有一個(gè)由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Study harder,and you will catch up with the others in your class.再努力學(xué)習(xí)些，你會(huì)趕上班里

5、其他同學(xué)的。變if句型如下：If you study harder,you will catch up with the others in your class.如果你學(xué)習(xí)再努力些，你會(huì)趕上班上其他同學(xué)的。,練習(xí)一 翻譯句子1、請(qǐng)照看好您的包。2、讓我們?nèi)W(xué)校吧！3、親愛(ài)的，高興點(diǎn)兒！4、不要把書(shū)放這兒。5、不要讓貓進(jìn)來(lái)。,練習(xí)二 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1、Its an important meeting._(not,be) late.2、_(not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3、_(look) out!A car is com

6、ing.4、Lets _(not,say) anything about it.5、_(go) and wash your hands.6、_(keep) off the grass.,練習(xí)三 選擇填空1、Her doctor said: “_ work so hard.”A.Stop B.Dont C.Cant D.No2、_ when you cross the road.A.Do care B.Care C.Be careful D.To be careful3、_ him the secret,will you?A.Dont tell B.Not to tell C.Not telli

7、ng D.No telling4、_ in bed.Its bad for your eyes.A.Not to read B.Dont read C.Dont to read D.Not read5、_ your child.We will look after him.A.Not to worry about B.Dont worry aboutC.Not worry for D.Dont worry with,6、_ say never.A.Never B.Dont C.No D.Not7、Please _ look outside.Look at the blackboard.A.no

8、t B.dont C.arent D.cant8、If you are tired,_ a rest.A.have B.having C.to have D.had9、Never come late again,_?A.will you B.wont C.do you D.does he10、The film is about to begin.Please _ seated.A.be B.are C.is D.being,練習(xí)四 改否定6、Come here early.早點(diǎn)來(lái)。7、Ask him.問(wèn)他。8、Please wait for her.麻煩等下她。9、Read the book

9、carefully.仔細(xì)讀這本書(shū)。10、Sit under the tree,please.請(qǐng)坐在樹(shù)下。,感嘆句,by 夕夕,感嘆句,感嘆句是表達(dá)喜、怒、哀、樂(lè) 以及驚奇、驚訝等強(qiáng)烈感情的句子。,英語(yǔ)感嘆句三種類(lèi)型：一、由what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：what意為“多么”用作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；不可數(shù)名詞)。這類(lèi)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)形式是：what+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！what+形容詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！,如：What a clever girl she is!多么聰明的姑娘呀！ What an interes

10、ting story it is!多么有趣的故事呀！What good children they are!他們是多么好的孩子呀！ What beautiful flowers they are!多么漂亮的花呀！What delicious food it is!多么有味的食物呀！ What heavy snow it is!多么大的雪呀！,二、由how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：how意為“多么”，用作狀語(yǔ)，修飾形容詞或副詞。如果修飾形容詞，則句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用系動(dòng)詞；如果how修飾副詞，則句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用行為動(dòng)詞。這類(lèi)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)形式是：How+形容詞或副詞(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))！How+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名

11、詞單數(shù)(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))！How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!,如：How cold it is today!今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are!多么漂亮的圖畫(huà)呀！ How happy they look!他們顯得多么高興呀！ How well she sings!她唱得多好呀！ How hard they are working now!他們干得多么起勁呀！How beautiful a girl she is!她是個(gè)多么漂亮的姑娘??！How time flies!光陰似箭！,三、有時(shí)感嘆句也可以由一個(gè)單詞、詞組、祈使句、陳述句等構(gòu)成。如：Good idea!(好主意！)Won

12、derful!(太精彩了！)Thank goodness!(謝天謝地！)She is a nice girl!(她是個(gè)好女孩！),補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明：一、在表示同一意義時(shí)，英語(yǔ)感嘆既可用what引導(dǎo)，也可用how引導(dǎo)。如：What a hot day it is! How hot the day is! 多么熱的天氣呀！What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的樓房呀！What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天氣呀！What bright sunshine

13、it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的陽(yáng)光呀！,二、感嘆句在表示激動(dòng)強(qiáng)烈的感情時(shí)，口語(yǔ)中常常采用省略句，其后面的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)往往略去不講。如：What a fine day!多么晴朗的天呀！ What a day!鬼天氣！What an honest boy!多么誠(chéng)實(shí)的孩子呀！What red apples!多么紅的蘋(píng)果呀！How cool!好涼快呀！How wonderful!精彩極了！,感嘆句巧解：感嘆句要看后面，即看形容詞后的內(nèi)容。1、若形容詞后緊跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，就用what a/an；是不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，只用what。2、若形容詞后后緊跟

14、a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Toms等等亂七八糟的東西，想都不用想，直接用how就OK了。如：1、What a good boy he is!他是個(gè)多么好的男孩啊！ 形容詞 單數(shù)名詞2、What good boys they are!他們是多么好的男孩??！ 形容詞 復(fù)數(shù)名詞,3、What cold weather it is!多么冷的天氣??！ 形容詞 不可數(shù)名詞4、How good the boy is!這男孩多好??！ 形容詞 亂糟糟注：若沒(méi)有形容詞，而出現(xiàn)副詞或是句子，直接用how.例如：How well he plays the guitar!他吉他彈得多好??！

15、副詞（what不可以修飾副詞，看到副詞直接用how）,How time flies!時(shí)間飛逝！How fast Liu Xiang runs!劉翔跑的很快！例句：改為what型1、She is a clever girl.What a clever girl she is!2、It is an interesting story.What an interesting story it is!3、They are beautiful flowers.What beautiful flowers they are!4、It is delicious food.What delicious foo

16、d it is!,改為how型1、She is a clever girl.How clever a girl she is! How clever the girl is!2、It is an interesting story.How interesting a story it is! How interesting the story is!3、They are beautiful flowers.How beautiful flowers they are! How beautiful the flowers are!4、It is delicious food.How delici

17、ous food it is! How delicious the food is!,練習(xí)一 填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~1、_ difficult homework we had yesterday!2、_ cute dog it is!3、_ interesting the story is!4、_ bad the weather in England is!5、_ honest boy Tom is!6、_ tasty smell the cake gave off!7、_ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8、_ exciting news youve b

18、rought us!9、_ cool your new car is!10、_ scary these tigers are!,練習(xí)二 選擇填空1、_ fast the boy ran!A.How B.How an C.What D.What an2、_ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A.How,how B.What,what C.How,what D.What,how3、_ delicious the soup is!Id like some more.A.How B.How an C.What D.What an4、_ fools they were!They believed what the man said.A.How B.How an C.What D.What an5、_ foolish they were!They believed what the man said.A.How B.How an C.What D.What an,6、_ difficult questions they are!I cant answer them.A.How B.How an C.What D.What an7、I miss my frien