高中英語 Unit 1 A land of diversity Part III Grammar 名詞性從句學(xué)案新人教版選修8

1、Unit1 A Land of diversityPart III Grammar名詞性從句一、【基礎(chǔ)知識】在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses）。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞（詞組）, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為_從句、_從句、_從句和_從句。一 .名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞1. 連接詞 that 只起連接作用，沒有任何意思，也不充當(dāng)句子成分，在賓語從句中可省略，但引導(dǎo)其他名詞性從句時通常不省略。如：I hope (that) you enjoy your holiday.That he likes

2、you is very obvious. 2. 連接詞 whether 也不充當(dāng)句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示“是否”；引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，可換成 if，但引導(dǎo)其他名詞性從句時不能換成 if。He asked whether/if I would show him the way. Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. (引導(dǎo)主語從句，不能用 if 代替 whether)【比較】whether與if 均為是否的意思。但在下列情況下，只用whether ，不用if：a. whether引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首 b. 引導(dǎo)表語從句c. whether

3、從句作介詞賓語 d. 從句后有or not 3. 連接代詞 who(m), whose, which, what 等，均有各自的意義，在從句中作主語、賓語、定語等。如：Thats why she wanted to leave. When we arrive doesnt matter. Tell me which one you like best. 4. 連接副詞 when, where, why, how，也各自有自己的意義，在從句中作狀語。如：The question is how we should carry out the plan. When shell be back dep

4、ends much on the weather. Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever. 二.名詞性從句的熱點引導(dǎo)詞1. what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句有兩個意思：一是表示“什么”，帶有疑問意味；二是表示“所的人或物”。如：I dont know what you want. I dont know what you want is this. 2. whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，其意分別為“所的一切事或東西”、“任何的人”、“的任何人或物”等。如：Whoever wants the book may

5、 have it. Ill do whatever I can to help him. Buy whichever is cheapest. Whoever comes will be welcome. 另外，它們也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，其意為“無論”、“不管”，其意相當(dāng)于 no matter who/what/which。如：Whatever happens, you must be calm. (whatever = no matter what) He wont eat you, whoever he is. (whoever = no matter who) 3. 大部分連接詞引導(dǎo)的主

6、語從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當(dāng)形式主語。常用句型：It + be + 過去分詞 + that .：該句型常見動詞有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.。It + seems / appears / happens等不及物動詞 + that .。例如：It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in th

7、e 2004 tsunami.It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.It appears that Tom might change his mind. 4. it還可以引導(dǎo)形式賓語，而真正的賓語從句則放在句尾。有此用法的動詞有l(wèi)ike, love, hate, appreciate, see to it that, take it for granted that, depend on it that等。Dont take it for granted that your parents should do these things for

8、you.I hate it when people talk with their mouth full. I would appreciate it if you could do me that favor. We should see to it that all work done conforms to high standards. 三、當(dāng)堂檢測1. 完成句子：1. We Chinese people feel proud of _ in the past three decades. 我們中國人為過去的三十年里我們所取得的成就感到自豪。 (achieve)2. The fact

9、_ makes him very upset. 他失敗了數(shù)次這個事實讓他很沮喪。(fail) 3. _ his mistakes made the head teacher very angry. 他拒絕承認(rèn)他的錯誤讓班主任很生氣。(refuse) 4. The award should be given to _ poor people develop better ways to produce more food. 這個獎應(yīng)該頒給任何致力于幫助窮人研發(fā)更好的方法來生產(chǎn)更多食物的人。(devote)5. Information has been put forward _ universi

10、ties. 將會有更多的中學(xué)畢業(yè)生錄入大學(xué)的信息已被提出來了。(admit) 6. Money is important, but the responsibility that goes along with this job is _. 錢固然重要，但更讓我感興趣的是伴隨這份工作而來的責(zé)任。(interest)7. Its required in the regulations _ the password of your E-mail account. 你不能把你email賬戶的密碼告訴別人，這是規(guī)章里面所要求的。(tell)8. One reason for her preferenc

11、e for city life is _ places like shops and restaurants.她喜歡城市生活的一個原因是她很容易找到像商店和餐館這樣的地方。(access)9. The reason why she couldnt come to the meeting _她不來參加會議的原因是她沒有被邀請。（invite） 10. Have you considered _?你考慮過我們將如何實施這個方案嗎？（program）11. I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. -

12、Thats _. You should have a more active life. -星期天我喜歡把自己整天關(guān)在家里聽音樂。-那就是我不同意的地方。你應(yīng)該有更積極的生活。(agree)12. Perseverance is to do anything. 堅持不懈是做任何事情都需要的。(take) II單句填詞：根據(jù)句義填寫恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞：1. _ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.2. We must find out _ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.

13、3. It is difficult for us to imagine _ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.4. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _ you are afraid to do.5. _ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.6. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have the total belief _ y

14、ou are better than anyone else on the sports fields.7. Dont let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _ close you may be to victory.8. From space, the earth looks blue. This is _ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.9. _ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. 10. It remains to