國際商務英語歷年真題及答案

1、. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese. (10%)1. in a detour 迂回2. competitive devaluation 競爭性貶值3. consignor 寄售人4. customer mobility 客戶流動性5. escape clauses 豁免條款6. share holders 股東7. potential loss 潛在損失8. carrying vessel 運載船只9. negligent 粗心大意10. specific duty從量稅. Tran

2、slate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English. (10%)11.債權國The credit country12.國際合同International contract13.定期付款/分階段付款Term payment14.被保險人The insured15.人口計劃The population plan16.特惠稅The preferential duty17.基礎設施項目Infrastructure construction project18.裝箱單Shipping list19.破產(chǎn)Disrupted

3、20.土地和勞動力Land and labor force. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right. (10%)21. facilities(d )a. the price or cost of transportation22. premises(g ) b. easily to go bad23. middleman(f ) c. not to do something that has been arranged or decided upon24. perishabl

4、e (b ) d. something designed, built or installed to serve a specificfunction or perform a particular service25. access(j ) e. the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc.26. controversy(i ) f. trader through whom goods pass between the producer andthe customer27. carriage(a ) g. a tract of land incl

5、uding its buildings28. settlement(e ) h. an official group of persons who direct or supervise someactivities of a firm29. board(h ) i. public argument about something which many peopledisagree with30. cancel(c ) j. a way by which a place, esp. property can be reached orentered or used. Make brief ex

6、planations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English. (10%)31. term draft 遠期匯票A draft which requires to pay after sight or in a given period of time after representation of relevant documents.32. transferable credit可轉讓信用證Credit which can be transferred to other part

7、ies during the transportation of goods.33. direct quote直接報價A certain amount of foreign currency, usually one unit or one hundred unit, is marked with equivalent amount of home currency.34. acquisition收購Buying existing facilities35. GATT關稅和貿易總協(xié)定The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade.V. Answer the

8、following questions in English. (20%)36. What are the five major modes of the modern freight transportation system?Water, air, road, rail, pipeline37. What do “valued” policies mean?Valued policies mean that a country provide investors with preferential policies for insured return in order to attrac

9、t foreign investment.38. What is the purpose to establish GSP(the Generalized System of Preference)?The purpose of GSP is to help development of developing countries by provide tariff concession to them.39. What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries?The relationship of MNEs and t

10、heir host countries is interdependable and interactive. Translate the following into Chinese. (15%)40. The Bank for International Settlement (BIS) is a unique institution. Many of its operations are of types normally performed by a commercial bank, but it is owned principally by central banks, and m

11、anaged by central banks and its principal customers are central banks. The objects of BIS are to promote the cooperation among central banks and to provide additional facilities for international operations.國際結算銀行是一個獨特的機構。盡管它擁有商業(yè)銀行的許多常規(guī)業(yè)務，但它卻是由中央銀行擁有，管理并將各國央行作為其主要客戶。它的目標是促進各國央行間的合作，從而為國際貿易提供額外的支持。41

12、. In the 1970s and 1980s counter trade was different from the old practice although some similarities remained. Current counter trade partners are not necessarily familiar partners and goods exchanged are sometimes vertically related. Current counter trade can be categorized as follows.20世紀七八十年代，對銷貿

13、易盡管保留一些與過去相似的地方，但它卻與過去明顯不同。它的貿易伙伴不再是熟悉的伙伴，交易的商品也并不總是垂直相關的?，F(xiàn)行的對銷貿易可分類如下 。. Translate the following into English. (25%)42跨國公司是在一個以上國家擁有、控制和經(jīng)營資產(chǎn)的商業(yè)組織。MNC refers to an commercial organization which owns, controls and manages asset in more other one country.43世界各國被世界銀行分為三大領域：高收入國家，中等收入國家和低收入國家。Countries

14、in the world are grouped into four categaries by the World Bank:high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.44企業(yè)投保的主要刺激是他們可以騰出資金，進行其他項目的投資。The main stimulas for intreprises to insure is that they can release their funds and invest in other projects.45信用證的付款方式對買賣雙方都提供了保障。The payment of credi

15、t provides assurance to both the buyers and the sellers.46世界上任何一個地方任何一種社會的經(jīng)濟增長都與利用運輸有直接的關系。In any place of the world, the economic growth of any society has a direct relation with the adoption of transportation. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%）1. income d

16、istribution of a market 市場收入分布2. set forth 陳述,闡明3. clean credit 光票信用證4. equity investment 股權投資5. akin to 同類,近似6. endowment of nature 自然的賦予7. all risks 一切險8. non-trade settlement 非貿易結算9. standing committee 常務委員會10. comparative advantage 比較利益. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese

17、 into English（10%）11.自由貿易區(qū) free trade zone12. 進口稅 import duty13. 開證銀行 opening bank14. 中間產(chǎn)品 intermediate product15. 對外直接投資 foreign direct investment16. 技術轉讓 transfer of technology17. 特別提款權 special drawing rights18. 制成品 finished goods19. 外匯短缺 foreign exchange shortage20. 配額限制 quota restraint. Match th

18、e words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right（10%）21. productive a. one in which one of the parties agrees to supply, at the contract price, a complete product ready for use, such as a new home, factory, ship, etc.22. primary commodities b. absence of agreement23. hyperinfla

19、tion c. to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person24. discrepancy d. a person who owns money25. practitioner e. producing in high efficiency or in large quantity26. turnkey project f. those commodities not processed, or only slightly processed, usually farm produce o

20、r raw materials27. constitute g. money held aside to meet future demand28. subrogate h. make up; amount to; form29. reserve i. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation30. debtor j. soaring of prices beyond control21._e_ 22. _f_23. _j_24. _b_25. _i_26. _a_27. _h_28. _c_29. _g_30

21、. _d_. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English （10%）31. drawback: a tariff treatment under which a country is required to extend to all the signatories any tariff concessions granted to any participating countries.32. confirmed credit:If a

22、credit is confirmed by a bank other than the issuing bank, it is a confirmed credit.33. dirty float:The central banks take various measures to intervene in the price of its currency, the current practice is often called a managed float or dirty float. 34. international licensing:In international lic

23、ensing, a firm release the right to use its intellectual property to an firm in another country. Such property may be trademarks, brand names patents, copyrights, or technology.35. IMF:Short for International Monetary Fund, was created in December, 1945 to oversee the functioning of the internationa

24、l monetary system. Answer the following questions in English（20%）36. Why is it necessary to change the term “marine insurance” into “transportation insurance”?Because goods do not go overseas solely by sea air transport takes an increasing share of cargo these days. Similarly export cargo moves to t

25、he hinterland in the same way.37. What institutions does the World Bank Group consist of?The World Bank Group consists of three affiliates: the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and the Multilateral Investment Grantee Agency (MIGA).38. Why does

26、the exporter sometimes require a confirmed letter of credit?Because the credit mount is too large or because the exporter does not fully trust the opening bank.39. What are the two wheels of APEC?The two wheels are trade and investment liberation and facilitation and economic and technical cooperati

27、on. Translate the following into Chinese （15%）40. It should be noted, however, that the existence of a letter of credit is not a guarantee of payment to anyone. Its existence only assures payment to the beneficiary if the terms and conditions of the letter of credit are fulfilled. In addition, a let

28、ter of credit does not insure that the materials purchased will be those invoiced or shipped.然而應該注意到，有了信用證并不能保證對任何人付款，信用證只保證在其條款得到滿足的情況下對受益人付款。另外，信用證不擔保發(fā)票載明的貨物或實際裝運的貨物就是所購貨物。41. The IFC was established in 1956. Its function is to assist the economic development of less-developed countries by promoti

29、ng growth in the private sector of their economies and helping to mobilize domestic and foreign capital for this purpose. Membership in the IBRD is a prerequisite for membership in the IFC.國際金融公司成立于1956年，其宗旨是通過促進經(jīng)濟中私營企業(yè)的增長并為此目的幫助調動國內外資本，從而援助不發(fā)達國家的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。參加國際金融公司的會員必須是世界銀行的會員。. Translate the following

30、into English（25%）42. 在所有條款中，買賣雙方各自的義務排列在10項標題下。Under all terms, the respective obligations of the buyer and the seller are grouped under ten headings.43.隨著制造業(yè)和技術的發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了另一個刺激貿易的因素，即國際專業(yè)化。With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another incentive for trade, i.e. international

31、specialization. 44.外匯匯率有三種形式，即：買進匯率，售出匯率和兩者的平均值中間匯率。There are three types of foreign exchange price namely：the buying rate, the selling rate and the average of the previous two - the medial rate.45.這些機構的共同目標是通過把發(fā)達國家的資金輸送到發(fā)展中國家?guī)椭@些國家提高生活水平。The common objective of these institutions is to help raise s

32、tandards of living in developing countries by channeling financial resources to them from developed countries.46.自從進入WTO后，中國商業(yè)銀行及保險行業(yè)日益受到來自國外同行的競爭。Chinese commercial banks and insurance enterprises have faced the increasing competition from their foreign counterparts since China entered WTO. I. Tran

33、slate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese (10%)：1. counter trade 對銷貿易，反向貿易2. hyperinflation極度通貨膨脹3. European Payment Union 歐洲支付聯(lián)盟4. consignment寄售5. debit 借方6. drawee 受票人7. partial shipment 分批裝運8. confirmed credit保兌信用證9. entrepreneur企業(yè)家10. client顧客II. Translate the following

34、 words and expressions from Chinese into English (10%)：11. 骯臟浮動dirty float12. 中間價medial rate13. 匯率exchange rate14. 有價證券securities15. 普惠制Generalized System of Preferences 16. 國民待遇national treatment17. 反貼補措施counter-veiling-measures18. 免責條款escape clauses19. 殖民地 colony20. 領土territoryIII. Match the words

35、 and expressions on the left with the explanation on the right (10%)：( a )21. permanent a. lasting( g )22. ratify b. a person or thing that closely resembles another in position or function( i )23. optimal c. the state of being a member of a certain organization( c )24. membership d. authority given

36、 to perform a duty( j )25. joint venture e. an outlet for discussion of matters of interest to a given group( h )26. tax holiday f. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation( f )27. practitioner g. make an agreement or a treaty officially valid by signing it( d )28. mandate h. a

37、 period of time during which tax is not levied( b )29. counterpart i. best or most favourable( e )30. forum j. a business where the provision of risk capital is shared between two or more firmsIV. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (10%)：31. recipient A person or an organizati

38、on etc. that receives something32. world company A multinational company whose national identity has been blurred33. inflation Rise in prices brought about by the excess demand, expansion of money supply, credit etc34. applicant of an L/C The importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an

39、L/C35. middleman trader Person through whom goods pass between the producer and the consumerV. Answer the following questions in English (20%)：36. How do you define “transportation”?In a broad sense, transportation is defined as the movement of freight and passengers from one location to another.37.

40、 What are clean drafts? Clean drafts are drafts which are not accompanied by the shipping documents.38. What is a usance credit? A usance credit is one by which payment cannot be made until a specific date or a specific time after the date or after sight.39. What is foreign direct investment? Foreig

41、n direct investment is the major form of international investment, whereby residents of one country acquire assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them.VI. Translate the following passage into Chinese (10%)：40.A straight bill of lading is made out so that only the na

42、med consignee is entitled to take delivery of the goods under the bill. This consignee is designated by the shipper. The carrier has to hand over the cargo to the named consignee, not to any third party in possession of the bill. This kind of bill of lading is not transferable. The shipper cant pass the bill to a third party by endorsement. Because of the limited functions, this bill is in