M7U4Language points in reading.ppt

1、,人教課標(biāo)版 高二選修7 Unit 4,Language points in reading,1. hear from . 意為“收到的信”, 相當(dāng)于receive a letter from . 。如： They will be delighted to hear from you. 他們會很高興收到你的來信的。 I hear from my mother every week. 每星期我都收到媽媽的信。,比較 hear from和receive都可表示“收到某人的信”。其區(qū)別如下： hear from不是指具體接到信件, 而是指得到音信、信息; receive往往指收到具體的信件。如： I

2、 havent heard from him for a long time. 我好久沒得到他的音信了。 I havent received any letters from him for several months. 我已經(jīng)好幾個(gè)月沒有收到他的信了。,拓展 hear sb. / sth. out 聽完 hear about sth. 聽到關(guān)于某事物的消息 hear of sb. / sth. 聽說或知道某人/物的情況 Havent you heard of John Denver? 難道你沒聽說過John Denver嗎？,hear of 還有“聽從”的意思，常用于否定句，與will /

3、 would連用，例如： He wouldnt hear of me paying for the bill. 我要他付帳，但他不肯。,2. I know youre dying to hear all about my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. 我知道你極想聽到我在這兒的生活,我這兒有一些照片,它們會幫你構(gòu)思出我要談到的這個(gè)地方。,1) be dying for/ to do sth. 渴望, 極想, 渴望做某事 After a lon

4、g dry season the trees are dying / thirsty for water. Nowadays there are more and more students dying to study abroad. 2) 辨析: hear 與 listen to hear 強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的結(jié)果 listen to 強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的動作,由動詞die構(gòu)成的短語：die away逐漸消失die down逐漸模糊die off 相繼死去die out逐漸消失；滅絕,在某些感官動詞如: see, hear, feel, watch, observe, notice, listen to等后,既可

5、接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語,也可接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。,Did you hear someone laughing outside? I heard someone read loudly in the morning. He was heard to sing in the next room.,與hear 相關(guān)的短語: hear about 聽到關(guān)于.的消息 hear from 收到的來信 hear of 聽說, 聽到 hear sb. out 聽到某人把話說完 hear sb. do sth. 聽見某人做了某事 hear sb. doing sth. 聽見某人正在做某事,The missing

6、 boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play,A,3. Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. 我在信中附了幾張照片, 可以幫助你想象出我所談到的地方。 picture n. 圖畫, 照片, 畫面vt. 描繪, 想象 She often pictures herself as a famous writer. 她常常想象自己是個(gè)名作家。,He could

7、have easily pictured all the consequences of being caught. 他本可以很容易想到被抓的種種后果。了解詞性轉(zhuǎn)換 (由名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動詞, 或由動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞, 或由形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動詞等) 的知識, 是迅速擴(kuò)大詞匯量的方法之一, 有助于掃清閱讀中的障礙。 water n. 水v. 澆水hand n. 手v. 遞, 交head n. 頭v. 朝某方向前進(jìn),place n. 地方 v. 放，放置 face n. 面孔，臉 v. 面對，面向 heat n. 熱v. 加熱 boat n. 船 v.劃船 fool n. 傻子 v. 愚弄,4. Well, i

8、ts a bush schoolthe classroom are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. 是的, 這是一所灌木叢學(xué)校-教室是由竹子建成的, 房頂是用草蓋的。,make的用法： 1) be made from 由.制成 (看不出原材料) The paper is made from wood. 2) be made of 由.制成(看出原材料) The house is made of stone.,Remember them!,3) be made into 某種原材料制制成某種成品 Glasses is made into bottle

9、s. 4) be made in 在某地制造, in后面接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞 This TV set is made in Shanghai.,5) be made by 由誰制造 The machine is made by workers in the factory. 6) be made up of 由.組成 The class is made of 30 boys and 30 girls.,5. When I reach the school grounds there are lots of “good mornings” for me from the boys. Many of

10、them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to the school. 翻譯 當(dāng)我走到學(xué)校操場的時(shí)候, 迎接我的是男孩子們一片“早上好”的聲音。他們中的許多人走了很長的路, 有時(shí)候要走兩個(gè)小時(shí)才能到學(xué)校。,點(diǎn)撥 該句的主句為There are lots of “good mornings” for me from the boys。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句; many of whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾the boys；sometimes up to two hours補(bǔ)充說明走路到學(xué)校需要的時(shí)間。,up to

11、多達(dá), 直到, 勝任, 由負(fù)責(zé)/決定 be up to sth = be busy doing sth. 忙于, 從事 its up to sb. to do sth. 由某人負(fù)責(zé)做某事be up to = be fit for 勝任(常用于否定句和疑問句中),5. Im still trying to adapt to these conditions. However, one thing is for sure, Ive become more imaginative in my teaching. 我現(xiàn)在仍然努力去適應(yīng)這些狀況,但是有一件事是確定的, 我的教學(xué)方面已變得更富有想象力了。

12、,1) try to do sth. 盡力去做某事 try doing sth. 試著做某事,英語中有些動詞后加動名詞和不定式作賓語時(shí), 意義區(qū)別較大。 forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事,remember to do sth. 記得去做某事 remember doing sth. 記得做過某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味著要做某事 stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事,go on to do sth. 繼續(xù)做另一件事 go

13、 on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做同一件事 can help to do sth. 不能幫著做某事 cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事,2) for sure 肯定如此, 毫無疑問 it /that. is for sure 那是肯定無疑的 know sth. for sure 知道肯定無疑 Soon he will turn to you for help and thats for sure.,3) imaginative adj. 富有想象力的,愛想象的 an imaginative child/writer有想象力的孩子/富有想象力的作家 imaginary ad

14、j. 想象中的,假想的,imaginable adj. 可想象的 imagine v. 設(shè)想 imagination n. 想象力 image n. 雕像,肖像,6. The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows. come across 偶然遇見/發(fā)現(xiàn) 與come相關(guān)的短語： come along 快點(diǎn),來吧 come back回來, 折回,come from 來自, 從來 come off 從離開, 脫落 come out 出來, 出版 come

15、 up 走過來, 走近 come over 過來 come to 來到, 結(jié)果是,Dont forget!,7. To be honest, I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives at all. 說實(shí)在的, 我真的不知道我教的課究竟會不會讓這些孩子的生活有所改變。 What has happened to her at all? 她究竟發(fā)生了什么事？ Do you know him at all? 你真的了解他嗎？,at all在否定句中, 用來加強(qiáng)語氣, “一點(diǎn)也(不), 完全(不), 根本(不)”。 I d

16、ont know about it at all. 我根本不知道這件事。 We arent tired at all. 我們一點(diǎn)也不累。用在條件句中, “(如果)真的, (假若)確有其事”。 I dont think it is true, if at all. 如果真有其事, 我也不會相信這是真的。,If you are at all worried, you should tell me. 如果你真的有什么讓你擔(dān)心的事, 你也應(yīng)該告訴我。 另外“not at all”常用于交際語中, “別客氣, 沒關(guān)系, 不要緊”。-Thank you very much. -Not at all. (=

17、Dont mention it. ) -Are you tired？ -Not at all.,8. But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe. 但是上周末, 另一位老師Jenny和我拜訪了一個(gè)村子, 這個(gè)村子是其中一個(gè)男孩Tombe的家。,did強(qiáng)調(diào)肯定語氣, do (does, did)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞的語氣時(shí), 要符合以下條件: (1) 句子是肯定句; (2)謂語動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí); (3)謂語動詞是

18、單獨(dú)的行為動詞或單獨(dú)的連系動詞(be除外)。,The little girl does want to see her mother. 這個(gè)女孩非常想見她的母親。 I do like to eat apples. 我的確喜歡吃蘋果。 Do stay a while. 請待會兒。,9. We walked for two and a half hours to get there first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley bel

19、ow. 翻譯 我們步行了兩個(gè)半小時(shí)才到達(dá)那里先是爬山, 爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色, 然后走下一個(gè)陡坡, 一直走到下邊的山谷。,點(diǎn)撥 該句的主干為We walked。破折號后的部分起進(jìn)一步解釋說明的作用, 說明我們是如何到達(dá)那里的。from where引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾a ridge, 關(guān)系副詞where前一般不加介詞, 但from where卻是個(gè)例外。如： There are many websites, from where you can find almost all the necessary information. 有許多網(wǎng)址, 從那里你能夠找到幾乎所有必要信息。,10. Eve

20、ryone seemed to be a relative of Tombes. 每個(gè)人都好像是Tombe的親戚。 seem 似乎, 看來 1) 跟不定式 I seemed to hear a voice in the distance. He seemed to be in a great hurry.,2) 跟形容詞或分詞 He seems quite happy. Titanic seems _ an interesting film. A . is B. are C. be D. to be,D,3) 后接(to sb.) that從句, 但主語是it。 It seems to me

21、that there is something strange about the case.在我看來這件案子有點(diǎn)奇怪。 It seems that you are lying. 看來你在撒謊吧。,11. Tombers father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof- this shows its a mans house. 湯貝的父親,莫卡普, 把我們帶到他的家里。那是一個(gè)低矮的竹屋, 屋頂上伸出一簇茅草。,with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(with+ 賓語+ 賓補(bǔ)) 1)

22、with + n. + doing ( doing表示 with 后名詞發(fā)生的動作, 此名詞為動作的執(zhí)行者) He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky.,考點(diǎn) with grass sticking out是“with + n. +動詞-ing形式短語”構(gòu)成的with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。,2) with + n. + done (done 和with后面的賓語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系, 此賓語是動作的承受者。 The thief was brought in with his hands tied back.,3) with + n. + to do 動詞不定式表示

23、目的, 或?qū)l(fā)生,未發(fā)生的事。 With all these mouth to feed, he didnt know what to do. With five minutes to go before the last train left, we arrived at the station.,4) with + n. + prep. phrase The teacher came in with some textbooks under her arm. 5) with + n. + adj When he is eating, he doesnt speak with his mou

24、th full of food.,考例 Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. (福建2007) A. filledB. filling C. to fillD. being filled,B,點(diǎn)撥 so much work與 fill之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系, 要用動詞-ing形式或不定式。動詞-ing形式表示動作正在進(jìn)行，動詞不定式表示動作尚未發(fā)生, 根據(jù)句子提供的情景, 可知此動作正在進(jìn)行。,stick ou

25、t 突出, 伸出 stick out for sth. 堅(jiān)持要求某事物 stick to sth. 不放棄/改變某事物 stick at sth. 堅(jiān)持不懈 stick with sb. 繼續(xù)支持某人 stick up 向上突起, 堅(jiān)起,此處lead表示“作向?qū)А盚e led us to his home. 他把我們帶到他家。Our guide led us to the museum. 導(dǎo)游把我們帶到博物館。 lead 還表示“通向”The path leads to the village. 這條小路通到那村莊。,The explanation has led me to a clear

26、understanding. 這個(gè)解釋讓我理解清楚了。 lead sb to do 表示“使干”What led you to believe it? 什么使你相信它的？,12. There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through. 考點(diǎn) get through意為“通過, 穿過”。 考例 There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldnt get _. (2006全國卷II) A. between B.

27、 through C. across D. beyond 點(diǎn)撥 get through通過, 穿過; get across使被理解。,13. adjust vt. 調(diào)準(zhǔn)。如： The body can quickly adjust itself to the changes of temperature. 身體能迅速自行調(diào)節(jié)以適應(yīng)氣溫的變化。 She carefully adjusted her clothes and her hair before going out. 她出門之前仔細(xì)地整了整自己的衣服和頭發(fā)。,Before you take photos, please adjust th

28、e focus of your camera. 在照相之前請調(diào)準(zhǔn)照相機(jī)的焦距。 聯(lián)想 adjustable adj. 可調(diào)節(jié)的; 可調(diào)整的 These seat belts are adjustable. 這些安全帶是可以調(diào)節(jié)的。,區(qū)別adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match這幾個(gè)詞 都含“適合、適應(yīng)”的意思。 1) adapt 指“修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件”You should adapt yourself to the new environment. 你應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。 2) adjust 指“調(diào)整、調(diào)節(jié)”使之適應(yīng)You cant see through the te

29、lescope until it is adjusted to your eyes. 你把望遠(yuǎn)鏡調(diào)節(jié)到適合你的目光之后, 你才看得見。,3) fit 多指“大小適合”, 引伸為“吻合”Her new shoes didnt fit. 她那雙新鞋不合穿。 4) suit 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情況” No dish suits all tastes. 眾口難調(diào)。 5) match 指“大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì) 等相配或相稱”A red jacket doesnt match green trousers. 紅上衣與綠褲子不相配。,14. Fresh grass had been laid o

30、n the floor and there was a newly made platform for Jenny and me to sleep on. 新鮮的草被鋪在地面上, 而且那兒有一個(gè)新搭的平臺以便珍妮和我睡在上面。,lay vt. (lay, laid, laid) 1) 將某物/人置于某位置或某物表面lay the bottle on the desk 2) 產(chǎn)卵 The bird lays eggs in the other birds nets.,laylaidlaidlaying 放置;產(chǎn)蛋,下蛋 lieliedliedlying 說謊 lielaylainlying 躺;

31、位于 與lay相關(guān)的短語： lay eggs 產(chǎn)卵 lay sth. aside 把.放在一邊,lay sth. down 放下;停止使用 lay sb. off 解雇某人 lay the table 擺放桌子 If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie,C,15. Once the fire was going, he laid stones on it. 考點(diǎn) once意為“一旦”, 引導(dǎo)條件狀

32、語從句。 考例 You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence. (福建2007) A. before B. once C. until D. though 點(diǎn)撥 句意為“一旦你有了信心, 你在面試中就會成功的。”,even though/even if 盡管,即使 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 后常用虛擬式動詞表示與事實(shí)相反的動作或行為。當(dāng)讓步狀語從句的動詞用虛擬表示與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)時(shí),通常用even though/ even if, 而不用though, although或as。,16. I love listening t

33、o the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though .,You are not stupid. Even though/ Even if you were slow in study, you shouldnt give up your studies. 你并不愚笨, 即使你學(xué)得慢一點(diǎn), 也 不應(yīng)該放棄學(xué)習(xí)。,17. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. They believe that any lef

34、tovers attract evil spirits in the night so the food is dried up in the can . . dry out (使)變干，干透 dry up (使) 完全變干, (河流, 湖泊 等)干涸；把弄干,The burning sun has dried up many rivers in this area recently. 最近，火辣辣的太陽把這個(gè)地區(qū)的許多河流都曬干了。 My mouth always dries up when Im nervous. 緊張的時(shí)候，我總是變得口干舌燥。,18. otherwise 作連詞, 意為

35、“否則; 不然”, 相當(dāng)于 or或 if not。如： Well go early, otherwise we may not get a seat. 我們得早點(diǎn)去, 要不然就沒有座位了。 I was ill that day, otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet. 那天我病了, 否則我會去參加運(yùn)動會的。,otherwise 作副詞, 意為“用別的方法; 不同地; 在其他方面; 除此之外”, 相當(dāng)于in another way或apart from .。如: He is rich, but otherwise an unha

36、ppy man. 他有錢, 但在其他方面是個(gè)不幸福的人。,He is naughty, but otherwise a nice boy. 他很調(diào)皮, 但除此之外他是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的男孩子。 They should have been working, but they were otherwise engaged. 他們本應(yīng)該在工作, 但他們正忙別的事。,拓展 and otherwise 等等；及其他 or otherwise 或相反；或其他情況 In the kindergarten, the children learn singing, dancing，drawing and otherwis

37、e. 孩子們在幼兒園里學(xué)唱歌、跳舞、畫畫等等。 Fine or otherwise, we shall have to go.不管天氣好不好, 我們非去不可。,19. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family. enjoy privileges 享受特權(quán) have the privilege of 有的特權(quán) as a special privilege 作為特權(quán)許可 by special privilege 根據(jù)特權(quán),20. Its getting late and I have to prepare tomo

38、rrows lessons prepare sth. 準(zhǔn)備某事 prepare for sth. 為做準(zhǔn)備 prepare sb. for sth. 使某人為某事做好準(zhǔn)備,get/be prepared to do 有能力且愿意做某事 be prepared for sth. 為做好準(zhǔn)備 make preparations for 為做準(zhǔn)備 in preparation 準(zhǔn)備中,辨析:prepare與prepare for prepare 準(zhǔn)備;謂語動作直接體現(xiàn)在賓語上。 prepare for 為.做準(zhǔn)備, for的賓語一般只是謂語動作要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。,The teacher is prepa

39、ring lesson. 老師在備課。 The teacher is preparing for lesson. 老師正在為上課做準(zhǔn)備。,1. As a teacher I often a_ my teaching methods to suit the needs of slower children. 2. My mother stood in the _ (門口) and watched me anxiously.,I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出各單詞的正確形式。,djust,doorway,練習(xí)坊,3. It is hoped that education s

40、hould be _ (有關(guān)的) to childrens needs. 4. The train for Beijing that you are taking will depart from P_4. 5. I will go to the store to buy some _ (烤架) for the picnic next week.,relevant,latform,grills,6. Some old workers enjoy certain p_, such as company cars and private health care in our company.,ri

41、vileges,II. 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的提示將下列句子翻譯成 英語。,1. 自從我表弟出國后,我一直沒有收到他的信。(hear from) 2. 回家的路上我們碰見一位老婦人躺在路上。(come across),I havent heard from my cousin since he went abroad.,On the way home we came across an old woman lying on the road.,3. 她的紅頭發(fā)在人群中非常顯眼。(stick out) 4. 離家很久了, 這個(gè)女孩很想見到自己的媽媽, 特別是在她生病的時(shí)候。(be dying to),Sh

42、e has red hair that sticks out in a crowd.,Being away from home for a long time, the girl is dying to see her mother especially when shes ill.,5. 那個(gè)男孩興奮地向他父母描述他第一天在學(xué)校的情況。(picture),The boy pictured his first day at school to his parents excitedly.,1. Why cant universities provide some relevant course

43、s _ todays problems? 2. Dont worry. The paint would have dried _ by this time tomorrow. 3. It has not rained for a long time and the river almost dries _.,III. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。,to,out,up,4. How many of us know how paper is made _ trees? 5. In the past many fruit-growers have adapted _ changes in the mar

44、ket and seasonal conditions. 6. The little boy wont dare do that again, and thats _ sure.,from,to,for,7. Education will make a big difference _ the life of the children in mountainous areas. 8. After having a delicious supper, the host led us _ a room upstairs. 9. All the athletes slept in separate

45、beds, except two, who slept _ the floor.,to,to,on,10. How come so late _ the night you are still working, Tom? 11. Feeling tired after the hard work, she fell _ bed and went straight to sleep. 12. How often do you hear _ your sister?,in,into,from,13. My car could not get _ because the street was too narrow. 14. The alphabet proved easy to learn and before long they learned to read and write _ their own language. 15. She came _ some old phot