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1、New College EnglishIntegrated Course 3,Unit 1: The Changes in the Way We Live Text A: Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream Life,Outline of Classroom Instruction,I. Lead-in Activities II. Text Organization III. Text Analysis IV. Writing Styles,Lead-in Activities,Why do so many people leave rural areas to urb
2、an cities in China? Why do city people buy apartments or houses in the suburbs, even in the countryside? Why are tourists willing to pay to spend a day in a farmers house and enjoy their food? 4. In some developed countries like USA and Britain,why do people usually move from cities to the countrysi
3、de?” 5. What kind of life do you prefer?Why?,There are no definite answers, but some hints: to earn more money to return to nature to escape from the crowd to have more fresh air to live a leisure life,Living in the countryvs.Living in the city,Which do you prefer? Which does the author prefer?,Text
4、 Organization,Q: How many parts can the text be divided into? A: Three Parts? Four Parts?,Part One (Para. 1) A general introduction The author realizes his dream of writing and living on a farm. Part Two (Paras. 2-11) Goodness and toughness of country life Life of farming and writing in the country
5、can be both good and tough. Good: a self-reliant and satisfying life. Tough: full of chores and hardships, less income, fewer luxuries Part Three (Paras 12-15) Reflections on the authors country life Tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the family to live a happy life
6、 in the country.,Three Parts?,Four Parts?,Text Analysis,Para 1 Q: Where does the authors contentment come from? A: In the country. Q: What are the two things the author is doing? A: Writing and living on a farm.,Para 1,get by: be good enough but not very good; manage to live or do things in a satisf
7、actory way.湊合著渡日 It is a bit hard for the old couple to get by on a small amount of money. I cant get by on such a small income. 靠這么微薄的收入我無法過活。 * 過得去 My work got by.我的工作勉強過得去。,Para 2 Q: What is a self-reliant life like? A: (See Para. 2),make it: succeed. The sentence means “With the wood they cut, t
8、heir family can succeed in getting through the cold winter.” Eg. “I am not a super smart guy” as put forward by Jack Ma, founder and CEO of Alibaba, “but I believed I can make it.”,Para 2,Para 3 Q: Why is this kind of life satisfying? A: (See Para. 4),Para 4 Q: How tough is the good countryside life
9、 ? A: Bad weather (30 below and 95 above), Tough work:hauling firewood up the river on a sled, cultivating corn, weeding strawberries, killing chickens, retiling the back roof, making improvements on the outdoor toilet, spraying the orchard, painting the barn, planting the garden, cleaning the hen h
10、ouse.,Para 4,Haul: 緩慢而費力地拖極重之物,有時可表示很困難地拽 Rescue workers hauled survivors out of the ruins of the church Lorries haul heavy goods from factories to the ports. Drag: 施力者在地面或表面上緩慢而沉重地把東西拖過一段距離,常使人想到主動或被動的阻力。 You might drag a heavy box across the ground if you couldnt lift it. Pull: 朝任何方向移動,一般后接副詞或副詞詞組
11、表示移動方向。 They pulled hard but the rock remained immovable,Supplement vt. add to sth. in order to improve it (followed by with) The college student supplemented his ordinary income by writing some essays. The doctor suggested supplementing my diet with vitamins E and A.,spray vt. force out liquid in s
12、mall drops upon (followed by with) Mr smith used to spray the flowers with water in the afternoon. Ill have to spray the roses with insecticide to get rid of the greenfly(蚜蟲).,Para 5 Q: What does the writer do in between the chores mentioned above? A: He manages to spend 50 to 60 hours at the typewr
13、iter or doing reporting for the freelance articles. Q: What does his wife do meanwhile? A:His wife pursues her own demanding schedule. (Please underline the relevant phrases and try to translate them.),in between We had two lessons this morning, but there was some free time in between.,Para 5,Pursue
14、: vt.strive to gain or accomplish He is pursuing his studies at the university. * follow esp. in order to catch, kill, or defeat The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.,Stack vt. make into a pile Once the last few people had left the hall, the caretakers began stacking the chairs.,wicked : adj.
15、 evil or bad That was wicked of him. I have such a wicked toothache. The sentence means that you must continue with your work or other activity that you should be doing, not rest.,Para 6 Q: Why is the authors first winter in the country unforgettable? A: Though buried in deep snow, they kept warm in
16、side burning their own wood, eating their own apples and loving every minute of it. (A tough but happy life),Para 7 Q: What is this paragraph maily about? A: Their amazing harvests (wave after wave of farm produce).,Q: What are the “two floods”? A: The first flood refers to “great overflow of water”
17、. The other refers to “agricultural products”.,Para 7,Produce: (n.) sth. that has been produced, esp. by growing or farming e.g. The wine bottle was marked “Produce of Spain.” farm produce 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品 the native produce土特產(chǎn),Para 8 Q: What did the writer do in the second year on the farm? A: He grew even more
18、 food and managed to get through the winter on firewood from their own trees. He also thought about quitting his job and starting to freelance.,Para 8,get through: come successfully to the end She got through the entrance examination and went to a famous university. In order to get through the cold
19、winter, we have stored enough food and fuel.,at that point: pp.at that very moment, right then The train was now only a couple of yards from the kids on the track. At that very piont, Anthony ntni threw himself forward and pulled them clear of the track.,Para 9 Q: What have the author done as a free
20、lance writer? A:He has crawled into./hitched up ./checked out./canoed through.,Para 9,on balance: with all things considered總的來說 Their suggestion has, on balance, proved to be practicable. On balance, its probably not advisable to change the companys name 我想,總的來說我更喜歡新的體制。 I think, on balance, I pref
21、er the new system.,Paras. 10-11 Q:What are these two paragraphs about? A:How the family managed to cover their usual expenses and live a satisfactory life though they were making much less money in the country: -buy a poor mans major medical policy (low premium), -make up the difference in income by
22、 cutting back without appreciably lowering their standard of living, -patronise cheaper local restaurants, attend opera and ballet less often, eat less meat, drink cheaper wine, see fewer movies, -combine vacations with story assignments.,illustrate: provide with visual features; clarify by use of e
23、xamples, etc. e.g. Let me use another example to illustrate this difficult point. The editor has illustrated the book with black-and-white photographs.,Para 10-11,generate: vt.bring into existence, produce e.g. The widespread use of Spanish in some American cities has generated a public debate over
24、language use in the country. Space technology has generated thousands of products for everyday use such as lightweight materials used in running shoes.,pick up: be ready to pay e.g. If he loses the case, Michael will have to pick up the bill for legal costs. Taxpayers will be picking up the tab (承擔費
25、用) for the improved public transport network.,be stuck with:陷入的困境 e.g. If I dont find a girlfriend soon, I will be stuck with some old hen!,minor: lesser or smaller in amount or importance. e.g. The Ford Company made only minor changes to the Model T for nearly two decades. / They only encountered m
26、inor problems in their first space flight.,premium: a sum of money that you pay regularly to an insurance company for an insurance policy e.g. The employers make the employees pay for a large portion of their health insurance premium. Some people are complaining that car insurance premiums have incr
27、eased too much this year.,aside from: except for; in addition to (more usual in American English; same as apart from) e.g.Aside from an occasional game of tennis, he does not take any exercise. This essay is good aside from a coupe of spelling mistakes. They were going to have other expenses, aside
28、from the school fees.,cut back: reduce in size or amount (used in the patterns: cut back sth.; cut back on sth.) e.g. There is a growing movement to cut back the governments role in agriculture and to reduce subsidies paid to farmers. The government has cut back on defense spending.,appreciably: eno
29、ugh to be felt, notice or considered important e.g. The temperature dropped appreciably last night. appreciate (v.),appreciation (n.),appreciable (adj.) c.f. considerably: much; a great deal e.g. Its considerably windier than it was yesterday.,dine out: eat a meal away from home (usu. in a restauran
30、t) e.g.With the improvement of living stansard, more people dine out at weekend Its my daughters birthday today,so were dining out.,patronize: go to as a customer e.g. When he was a student, Sterling often patronized the little restaurant near the school. They no longer patronize the local departmen
31、t store because of its poor service.,Paras. 12-13 Q:What are the special qualities required for life on a farm? A:-Tolerance for solitude -A lot of energy to do the work yourself,suspect: believe to be true, likely or probable; feel doubt about (used in the patterns: suspect sb./sth. of sth.; suspec
32、t that) e.g.China banned cosmetics suspected of containing substances that cause mad cow disease. It was perfectly all right, Hemp said, because the police had not suspected him of anything. Scientists realized that Mars evolution had been more complex and fascinating than they had suspected.,budget
33、: any plan that a person, organization or government has that shows how they will raise money and how they will spend the money they have e.g.The personal or family budget is a financial plan that helps individuals to balance income and expenses. The General Assembly has exclusive authority to set t
34、he UN budget, paid for by all members according to an agreed quota.,scale: a relative level or degree (usu. used in the phrase on a. scale) e.g. After the Selma protest Martin Luther King continued to organize protests but not any on such a grand scale.,temptation: the feeing of being tempted to do
35、sth. that you know might be wrong or harmful; the thing you want to have (uncount. or count.) e.g. The kids cant resist the temptation of McDonalds. In my view students should resist the temptation to take part-time jobs in their first two years at college.,Para 14 Q:What will the future be like and
36、 how will the family feel when they leave the farm? A:They may continue their stay on the farm. They may leave the farm with a mixed feeling of sorrow (for leaving the farm) and pride (at what they have accomplisheda good life and a fair profit on the sale of the place).,invest: commit (money or cap
37、ital) in order to gain a financial return (used in the patterns: invest money; invest money in sth.; invest in sth.) e.g. We have invested most of the money in shares in British companies. When people buy houses theyre investing a lot of money. My parents intend to invest in stocks and bonds.,Para 1
38、5 Q:What do we learn from the last paragraph of the text? A:Echoing with what he says in the opening paragraph, the author restates his purpose to come to the farm. -to improve the quality of their lives; -to find contentment with life in the country.,primarily: mainly e.g. We are primarily concerne
39、d with improving our working conditions. Men can usually run faster than women, primarily because they have greater muscular strength.,Writing Style,The author writes his piece in a clear and logical way. In many instances he employs the pattern of “one topic sentence several detail sentences” struc
40、ture. Its easy for readers to grasp the main idea, and it is also proven effective for learner writers like our students. Sometimes the detail sentences run parallel to each other, like those in Para 2. In some other paragraphs the detail sentences have their own hierarchy. Take Para 5 for example.
41、The first sentence tells how busy “I” am. The second sentence states that Sandy, the wife, is also busy. The final sentence is a kind of summarynobody can relax. Yet following the second sentence there are a few more detail sentences showing exactly,how tight a schedule Sandy has. Take Paras 1213 fo
42、r another example. The topic sentence therein is “I suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the way we do. It takes a couple of special qualities.” Then there are two subtopic sentences: “One is a tolerance for solitude”; “The other requirement is energya lot of it.” Each su
43、btopic sentence has its own supporting details.,Sometimes there is no transitional devices between detail sentences, sometimes there are, the most frequently used one of which is time words or phrases. For example, the detail sentences in Para 4 begin with “three months ago”, “three months from now”
44、, “recently”, and “l(fā)ater this month”, respectively. To be sure,other conjunctions scatter the text, like “first” 一 “then” 一 “then” 一 “eventually” in Para 7.,Collocations,1. Have a romantic idea of life 2. Start up their own farm 3. Live off the land 4. Get round to (doing) sth: have the time for 5.
45、Just as well 6. Set out to do sth. 7. Combine being a writer with running a farm 8. Remain enthusiastic about sth,9. Get by: manage to do sth satisfactorily but not very well 10. Find contentment in sth/a place 11. Keep us in eggs 12. Just about make it through the heating season 13. Make some impro
46、vements on sth. 14. In between such chores 15. Pursue ones demanding schedule 16. As the old saying goes,Collocations,17. There is no rest for the wicked. 18. The storm blasted huge drifts up against the house and barn. 19. Swamp us under wave after wave of produce 20. On balance: in general; with a
47、ll things considered 21. Check out: investigate 22. Im not making anywhere near as much money as I did,Collocations,23. It picks up 80% of the cost beyond that. pick up: be ready to pay 24. be stuck with paying minor expenses: have to pay the smaller expenses 25. Cover us against catastrophe 26. Asi
48、de from: except for 27. Set aside 28. Make up the difference in income by cutting back without appreciably lowering our standards of living.,Collocations,29. Dine out once or twice a month 30. Patronize local restaurants 31. Combine vacations with story assignments 32. It takes a couple of special q
49、ualities. 33. Make self-sufficiency work on a small scale 34. Be on a tight budget 35. Resist the temptation to do sth. 36. Leave with a feeling of sorrow but also a sense of pride at sth. 37. Make a fair profit on the sale of the place,Collocations,Useful Expressions,1. 過得去,get by,2. 尋覓心靈的滿足,find c
50、ontentment,3.自力更生的生活,a self-reliant life,4. 艱苦的生活,a tough life,5.日常的家務,household routine,Useful Expressions,6. 正如老話說的那樣,as the old saying goes,7. 溫馨快樂每一分鐘,Love / enjoy every minute of sth.,8. 過冬,get through the winter,9. 常青藤聯(lián)合會學校,Ivy League schools,10. 帶著的祝福,with sb.s blessings,11. 總的來說,on balance,1
51、2. 擔任全職工作,be employed full time,13. 貸款按揭,mortgage payments,14. 至于 ,When it comes to ,15. 除以外,apart from ,Useful Expressions,16. 外出吃飯,dine out,17. 生活水準/水平,standard of living / living standard,18. 彌補收入差額,make up the difference in income,19. 聽歌劇看芭蕾演出,attend the opera and ballet,20. 耐得住寂寞,a tolerance fo
52、r solitude,Useful Expressions,21. 自給自足,self-sufficiency,22. 抵制誘惑,resist the temptation to do sth.,23. 愴然離去,leave with a feeling of sorrow,24. 自豪感,a sense of pride,25. 一旦形勢好轉(zhuǎn),once economic conditions improve,Useful Expressions,26. 賺錢,earn money,Vocabulary,I.1.1)on balance 5)illustrated9)involved2)res
53、ist 6)budget 10)economic3)haul 7)lowering11)blasting4)wicked 8)boundary12)just about,2. 1)cut back/ down 2)pick up 3)get by 4)get through5)face up to6)turn in 7)making up for8)think up,3.1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy.2) often generate misleading thoughts.3) attach
54、great importance to combining theory with practice in our work.4) be suspected of doing everything for money.5) before he gets through life.,4.1) their indoor, a profit, to invest in2) device, the improvement, on a global scale3) stacked, temptation, never dined out,II Confusable Words,1. 1) house 2
55、) Home 3) home, family 4) household2. 1) doubt 2) suspect 3) doubted 4) suspected 5) suspect,Comprehensive Exercises,I. Cloze1. Text-related 1)get by 2)temptation 3)get through 4)improvements 5)aside from6)suspect 7)supplement 8)profit 9)stacking,2. (Theme-related) 1)replaced2)consider3)quit4)world
56、5)tough 6)fuels7)provide8)luxuries 9)balance10)ideal,II. Translation 1.We have a problem with the computer system, but I think its fairly minor.2.My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point.3.The toys hav
57、e to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4.Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.5.When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.,A
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