2012版英語高考專題輔導(dǎo)與訓(xùn)練配套課件（新課標(biāo)）：222第二節(jié)

1、,1 2011新課標(biāo)全國卷 Money Matters Parents should help their children understand money. 71 So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.,1. The basic function of money Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people t

2、rade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收銀員). 72 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, yo

3、u can start explaining more complex ways of using money.,2. Money lessons Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 73 If you must say no to a childs request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now. ”O(jiān)r, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make

4、 a choice between this toy and that toy. ” 3. 74,Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a producta name-brand butter and a generic(無商標(biāo)產(chǎn)品), for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 75 If he chooses t

5、he cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.,A. Wise decisions B. The value of money C. Permit the child to choose between them. D. Tell your child why he canor cannothave certai

6、n things. E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you. F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.,【文章大意】本文就如何讓孩子理解有關(guān)金錢的概念及購物時如何讓孩子做出正確的選擇提出了自己的建議。,71. 【解析】選

7、G?？蘸竺娴膬?nèi)容提到：例如，當(dāng)你的孩子對買糖果、玩具感興趣時，你可以開始談?wù)撳X。由此可知選G。 72. 【解析】選F?？涨懊娴膬?nèi)容提到：如果孩子想要一個玩具，把錢給他并讓他把錢交給收銀員。由此可知此處選F。 73. 【解析】選D?？蘸竺娴膬?nèi)容提到：如果你不讓孩子花錢，你要對他說。由此可知此處是關(guān)于告訴孩子能買什么或不能買什么, 故選D。,74. 【解析】選A。這一部分主要是關(guān)于孩子怎樣做出正確的選擇或決定買東西。故選A。 75. 【解析】選C。根據(jù)空前后的內(nèi)容可知此處指讓孩子在兩個牌子產(chǎn)品之間做選擇。故選。,2 2011北京高考 Public Speaking and Critical Thi

8、nking What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, its a matter of logic(邏輯)of being able to spot weaknesses in other peoples arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.,In the broad sen

9、se, critical thinking is focused, organized thinkingthe ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 71 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical think

10、ing.,72 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical(機械的)exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thi

11、nking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 73,What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 74 As you w

12、ork on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 75 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.,If you take full advantage of your s

13、peech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.,A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves. B. This may seem l

14、ike a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it. C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech. D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.,E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking cl

15、ass, the answer is quite a lot. F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways. G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking, you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.,【文章大意】本文主要論述“公

16、眾演講和批判性思考”兩者之間的關(guān)系。,71. 【解析】選D。上句提到，從廣義上來講，批判性思考就是把思考集中并組織起來，是明確各觀點之間關(guān)系的能力；下文提到，最偉大的思想家、科學(xué)家和發(fā)明家經(jīng)常把有用的信息提取出來，重新組合創(chuàng)新出新的觀點。由此可知，此處表明“世界上新的觀點很少，只有重新組織起來的觀點”。organize和new為關(guān)鍵詞。 72. 【解析】選E。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要舉例介紹了如何上公共演講課，故答案為E項。class為關(guān)鍵詞。,73. 【解析】選A。上句提到“組織一次演講不僅是組織已有觀點的問題”，由此可知下句“而且，這還是形成觀點自身的一個重要部分”。 74. 【解析】選

17、F。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講了在演講課中所學(xué)的技巧如何幫助你思考。故答案為F項。 75. 【解析】選G。由上句和下句可以得知，此處為排比句，句型結(jié)構(gòu)相同；從句意上看，幾個并列排比句都是在講所學(xué)的演講技巧對實際的幫助，由此可知答案。,3 2011遼寧高考 Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing. 71 R

18、ead on for some techniques worth trying. 1. 72,People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease(早老性癡呆癥)，according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.

19、 Theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.,2. Go for a walk. Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖)levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical act

20、ivity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74,3. Learn something new. Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激)limits the weakening effects of ag

21、ing on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. 75 Or go dancing with your friends.,A. Focus on the future. B. This can be especially harmful to the aged. C. It should be something like learning gardening. D. S

22、o take a few minutes each day to do some reading. E. But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events. F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments. G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.,【文章大意】每個人都可能健忘，但是隨

23、著我們慢慢衰老，我們發(fā)現(xiàn), 我們的腦子反應(yīng)越來越遲緩，這非常惱人。但是最近的研究表明我們可以采取一些措施來避免這一情況。,71. 【解析】選F。根據(jù)上文“我們的腦子越來越不好用”和下文“繼續(xù)讀一些可以避免這一現(xiàn)象的措施”可知腦子反應(yīng)遲緩是可以避免的，只有F項有此意。 72. 【解析】選A。根據(jù)下一句made plans and looked forward to upcoming events可知是要“著眼未來”，故選A。 73. 【解析】選E。與前一句looked forward to upcoming events轉(zhuǎn)折，生活中并不是總是充滿會改變?nèi)松氖录?74. 【解析】選G。根據(jù)上文

24、作者建議多多鍛煉，也就是說鍛煉不僅對身體有好處，對大腦也有好處。故選G。 75. 【解析】選C。根據(jù)前一句作者建議“做一些既能學(xué)到新東西又能鍛煉身體的事情”，只有g(shù)ardening園藝合適，故選C。,4 2010新課標(biāo)全國卷 Q instead, they are kids who tell me which toys they would like to see designed and developed.,A. Later I received 50 cents an hour. B. Before long, she let me sit there by myself. C. I e

25、nded up selling a record amount of cosmetics. D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers. E. My grandmas trust taught me how to handle responsibility. F. Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before. G. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I c

26、ould have bought.,【文章大意】本文主要記敘了我小時候跟祖母學(xué)習(xí)賣東西，學(xué)會了有禮貌地對待客人的重要性，從而知道了成為一名優(yōu)秀的銷售人員所必備的素質(zhì)。,71. 【解析】選B。從后一句I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying “thank you. ”可推知，作者的祖母先讓作者跟著她學(xué)，然后讓作者獨立工作，所以作者很快學(xué)會有禮貌地對待客人的重要性。 72. 【解析】選A。前面有At first，和本項中的Later一致。 73. 【解析】選G。根據(jù)前一句的My father

27、 helped me set up a bank account. 可確定答案。,74. 【解析】選C。前文提到我對她們的問題很感興趣并且能將此轉(zhuǎn)化成她們需要的化妝品觀念，故此處指的是因此我能賣出很多的化妝品。 75. 【解析】選D。上文提到a valuable lesson：想成為一個成功的銷售員你需要的僅僅是成為一個傾聽者。這里承接上文。,7 2009新課標(biāo)全國卷 Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables.,71 Make a study time and

28、 have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time. Allow them to study in blocks of time, such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle. 72 Ideal(理想的)study times are afte

29、r dinner or right after school before dinner.,Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive activity. 73 Youll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After youve set up a good study time for little learners, set up a good place wher

30、e they can get those creative juices flowing.,74 Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair. 75 This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help f

31、orm a bond and help make studying enjoyable.,A. Pick a place where your children can study properly. B. Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves. C. Finally, spend time with your kids when theyre studying. D. Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement, too. E. Instead, use

32、 TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.,F. Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward. G. One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to.,【文章大意】本文主要談?wù)撊绾卧诩依飫?chuàng)造適合孩子學(xué)習(xí)的良好的環(huán)境。,71. 【解析】選G。根據(jù)下文關(guān)鍵詞study time 及schedule

33、可知正確答案為G項。 72. 【解析】選。本段主要談?wù)摰氖亲尯⒆佑辛己玫臅r間觀念，前文提到為孩子制定合理的時間安排，此處指的是讓他們遵守時間。故選項。 73.【解析】選。根據(jù)前文的關(guān)鍵詞television可知正確答案為E項。,74. 【解析】選。根據(jù)前文 good place及下文Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair可知答案為A項。 75. 【解析】選。根據(jù)下文This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being ther

34、e for them with the answers to any questions可知答案為C項。,8 2009遼寧高考 71 Home can be a great place for children to study. Its important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.,Location(位置) 72 Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for

35、regular study, since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at hand without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep i

36、t separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying.,Keeping Things in Order Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when he isnt using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect. 73 The workplace should be

37、personal, but not another part of the playroom., 74 Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, how to manage time and get things done in the right way. 75 Study will be more enjoya

38、ble and effective when supported by the whole family.,A. Attitude Is Everything B. Bring Organization into Your Home C. Here are several ways to choose a location. D. Building a Good Home Learning Environment E. Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.,F. Setting up a space in

39、 a common area of your home can be a good idea for children. G. A child who learns to organize his space will carry organization into every corner of his life.,【文章大意】本文主要介紹了如何在家里為孩子創(chuàng)造良好的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。,71. 【解析】選D。主旨概述題。通讀全文可知主題為探討如何讓孩子在家好好學(xué)習(xí)，從關(guān)鍵詞Learning Environment可知答案為D項。 72. 【解析】選。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Location，Set up a

40、place等可知給孩子找個空間有利于學(xué)習(xí)。 73. 【解析】選。推理判斷題。由Ownership is very important for self-respect可知孩子學(xué)會管理自己的空間，也對自己的人生產(chǎn)生影響，故選G項。,74. 【解析】選A。主旨大意題。由本段的內(nèi)容可以看出家長在處理問題、分配時間等方面，為孩子樹立一個良好的榜樣，為孩子成功營建一個支持性環(huán)境，有利于孩子的學(xué)習(xí)和成長。 75. 【解析】選E。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, 可知答案為E項。,一、考點分類突破 考點1：文章的篇章結(jié)

41、構(gòu) (1)文章的標(biāo)題 文章的標(biāo)題是段落中心思想最精煉的表達(dá)形式。它的特點 是：短小精煉，多為一短語；涵蓋性強，一般要求能覆蓋全 文；其確定的范圍要恰當(dāng)，既不能太小，也不能太大；精確 性要強，不能隨意改變語言表意的程度及色彩。解答標(biāo)題類 練習(xí)時，要將其與主旨題聯(lián)系起來，因此在做此類練習(xí)時，,注意文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，抓住每段或每個層次的主要含義進(jìn)行加工，提煉，通過對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)即文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心，然后用精煉的語言加以提煉，即注意選項中的詞組。,如：2011新課標(biāo)全國卷中的74題 74 Begin at the grocery store. Pick o

42、ut two similar brands of a producta name-brand butter and a generic (無商標(biāo)產(chǎn)品)，for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 75 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, y

43、ou may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.,A. Wise decisions B. The value of money C. Permit the child to choose between them. D. Tell your child why he can-or cannot-have certain things. E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you,F

44、. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.,瀏覽選項可知，只有、兩項符合標(biāo)題要求。且根據(jù)本段的主題孩子怎樣做出正確的選擇或決定買東西可知選A項。,(2)段落大意(主題句) 主題句通常是一段的第一句或末尾一句，偶爾在一段中間。因此在解答此類試題時，要特別注意文章的開頭和結(jié)尾部分。有些段落有明顯的引出細(xì)節(jié)的信息詞，如：for

45、example, an example of, the most important example, first, second, then, to begin with, besides that等。 在閱讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡量利用上述信息詞確定主題句的位置。如果無明顯的信息詞，要快速通讀該段，然后選擇一個能概括該段中心的答案。,如： 2 Like the table of contents of a book or magazine, the home page is the front door. Your site can have one or more pages, dependin

46、g on how you design it. While web pages vary greatly in their design and content, most of them use a traditional magazine layout(版面設(shè)計). At the top of the page is a banner(橫幅). Next comes a greeting and a short description of the site. Pictures, text, and links to other websites follow.,A. Start simp

47、ly. B. Break it into small pieces. C. Draw a rough layout on a sheet of paper. D. Many websites are considered very interesting. E. Before you start building your site, do some planning.,F. Think of your home page as the starting point of your website. G. These days, having a web address is almost a

48、s important as a street address.,根據(jù)句子所在的位置可知，此題主要考查主題句。根據(jù)下文like. . . ，the home page. . . 及next可知，本題的正確答案為F項。,考點2: 上下文的邏輯關(guān)系(過渡性句子) 文章的內(nèi)容是根據(jù)各層各段的大意有機地組合而成，各 個層次、各個段落之間不管怎樣錯落有致，它們所表達(dá)的內(nèi) 容都是要圍繞中心的，各句之間都有一定的語脈，從邏輯意 義上來看，語段的句際關(guān)系可分為并列、順序、層遞、轉(zhuǎn) 折、總分、解釋、因果等關(guān)系。文章語句間的組合，除了從 語句間的意義關(guān)系分析外，還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語 來把握，因為連接性詞語

49、能表明這個語段句與句之間、層與,層之間的基本關(guān)系是承接關(guān)系(如so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result等)、并列關(guān)系(如first, second, third. . . ; firstly, secondly, thirdly. . . ; first, next, then. . . ; in the first place, in the second place. . . ; for one thing, for another thing. . . ; to begin with, to co

50、nclude等)、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(如however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise等)，還是層遞關(guān)系(如also,further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addit

51、ion, whats more, too, either, neither, not. . . but. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 等)等。,如：2011新課標(biāo)全國卷 Parents should help their children understand money. 71 So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.,A. Wise decisions B. T

52、he value of money C. Permit the child to choose between them. D. Tell your child why he can-or cannot-have certain things. E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.,F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. G. The best time to teach a ch

53、ild anything about money is when he shows an interest.,根據(jù)so可知上下文之間是承接關(guān)系，故選G項。,1 2011鐵嶺模擬 1 Such as runny noses, sore throats, nothing quite like the common cold to make you feel miserable. But experts believe that there is no link between cold weather and catching colds. 2,Internal Medicine expert,

54、Dr. Meenakshi Jain of Max Hospital says, “One reason could be that people are likely to stay indoors, so the virus can spread easily. 3 ” The common cold is a viral infection that can be caused by any of up to 250 strains of virus, the most common group of which are the rhinovirus that hit the nose.

55、,4 “They are transmitted through the nose respiratory passages, by touch, and by contact with airborne particles that are created by sneezing or coughing, ”says Dr. Jain. There is no cure for the common cold and antibiotics are of no help. However, there are some precautions which can help: 5 In thi

56、s case, you can protect your hands from getting germs.,Dont touch your eyes, nose or mouth, which can limit your chances of infection. Dont share drinking glasses or utensils with anyone as this will prevent the spread of the virus. Make sure to eat enough fruits to boost your immune system.,A. Also

57、 the virus thrives in humidity. B. Drink lots of fluids to avoid dehydration. C. They are responsible for anywhere between a third and half of all common colds. D. Get enough sleep and youll certainly feel better.,E. So why are we particularly vulnerable(脆弱的)this season? F. Wash your hands regularly

58、. G. Its winter and you have probably noticed germs are everywhere.,【文章大意】本文主要介紹了感冒的原因及預(yù)防的措施。,1. 【解析】選G。根據(jù)下文的Such as. . . 可知本句說的是一種現(xiàn)象，且根據(jù)there is no link between cold weather and catching colds可知選G項。 2. 【解析】選E。前文提到感冒與寒冷無關(guān)，下文又提及國際醫(yī)學(xué)專家解釋說其中的一個原因是故此處選E項。,3. 【解析】選A。前文提到了其中的一個原因，此句繼續(xù)陳述另一個原因，故選A項。 4. 【解析】

59、選C。下句提到病菌可以通過多種方式傳播，故選C項。 5. 【解析】選F。根據(jù)下文的關(guān)鍵詞hands可知答案為F項。,2 No. 1 Will the economic climate improve this year? I dont think we will see too much improvement this year, but of course I hope so.,No. 2 How important is an MBA compared to experience? I wont say a degree isnt important. 1 When I look at potential employees, I look at what they have done in the past that I can use to help me tomorrow. No. 3 How can you ensure your job is safe with the economy so shaky?,No job is safe. Never will it be. The half-life of a