v-ing作狀語(yǔ)用法.ppt

1、The man in the picture is Professor Du. His job is teaching psychology in the collage. / Teaching psychology in the collage is his job. His perfect appearance makes thousands of women falling in love with him. However, the handsome man teaching in the class is actually an alien, who is used to livin

2、g in the earth.,表語(yǔ),主語(yǔ),賓補(bǔ),定語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),V-ing form as adverbial,Learning aims: 1. The functions of V-ing form as adverbial. 2. The testing points of V-ing form as adverbial in the collage entrance examination.,1. We sat in the classroom, listening to the teacher carefully. 2. If working hard, we can all achi

3、eve our dreams. 3. The heavy rain lasted for a month in Xiamen, causing a lot of damage. 4. Having starred in You, Who Comes from the Star， Mr. Kim becomes so popular. 5. Hearing the news that Mr. Kim would come to our school, we couldnt help jumping with joy. 6. Mr. Kim came to our school, taking t

4、he helicopter.,Function of V-ing form as adverbial,伴隨狀語(yǔ),條件狀語(yǔ),結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),原因狀語(yǔ),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),方式狀語(yǔ),V-ing的構(gòu)成,V-ing是由動(dòng)詞原形加詞尾-ing構(gòu)成，表示與主語(yǔ)主動(dòng)關(guān)系。V-ing同樣有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，通常有下表幾種形式（以do為例）,doing,Being done,Having done,Having been done,V-ing的一般式和完成式：,V-ing的一般式的動(dòng)作表示和后面句子的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；完成式的動(dòng)作是先于后面句子的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。如： Being a student, he was interes

5、ted in books. 作為一個(gè)學(xué)生，他對(duì)書本很感興趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因?yàn)闆](méi)有努力學(xué)習(xí)功課，他考試不及格。,-ingV的否定形式是由not /never 加V-ing構(gòu)成。如：不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等著。,Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.,V-ing的被動(dòng)式,V-ing的被動(dòng)式表示與主句的主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。根據(jù)-ing分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，被動(dòng)式有一般被動(dòng)

6、式(being done)和完成被動(dòng)式(having been done)。如：,被老師批評(píng)以后，他把煙戒了。,（Having been criticized） by the teacher, he gave up smoking.,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ),現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)往往和邏輯主語(yǔ)之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，常常用來(lái)表示原因、時(shí)間、方式、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨狀況等。現(xiàn)在分詞一般不用作表目的的狀語(yǔ)（通常用不定式表目的的狀語(yǔ)）。,1）表時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) V-ing短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 注意：現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作一般是同時(shí)發(fā)生有時(shí)可由連詞when, while引出。如： Whi

7、le reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一邊看書，一邊不時(shí)地點(diǎn)頭。,看到那些畫，她想起了她的童年。,Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.,When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.,While he was waiting for the bus, h

8、e read a copy of China Daily.) While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.,2) 表原因狀語(yǔ)（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句） Being ill, he didnt go to school. 1.(=as he was ill, he didnt go to school.),Being a student, you should study hard. (=Since you are a student, you should study hard.）,2. 既然你是一個(gè)學(xué)生，你就應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。

9、,3. 由于想到他或許在家，所以我就給他打了電話。,Thinking he might be at home, I called him. (As I thought he might be at home, I called him.),3)表方式、伴隨情況的狀語(yǔ) ：作伴隨狀語(yǔ)地分詞表示的動(dòng)作，必須是主語(yǔ)的一個(gè) 動(dòng)作，或是與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是對(duì)謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）作進(jìn)一步地補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。,Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV. (=He sat on the sofa and watched TV.),他們笑著談著走進(jìn)了教室。,_ ,

10、they went into the classroom.,他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。,He _the wall. (He stood and leaned against the wall.),Laughing and talking,stood leaning against,4) 表結(jié)果 Eg. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother. (=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.),全國(guó)到處在傳唱這首歌曲，使它成了一

11、首最受歡迎的歌曲。,The song is sung all over the country,_.,making it the most popular song,（表意料之中的結(jié)果）,5)表?xiàng)l件,Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way.),一直往前走，你就會(huì)看到一座白色地房子。,_, you will see a white house.,Walking ahead,1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I

12、 think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.,Not having,working,Seeing,speaking,單句改錯(cuò),5. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to t

13、he notice on the wall. 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.,pointing,Knock,making,(6)與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：,考點(diǎn)說(shuō)明名詞、代詞+ -ing形式可構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格 結(jié)構(gòu)作時(shí)間、條件、原因、或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)-ing 形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)為前面的名詞或代詞。,典型例題 1. The moon _, we came t

14、o the foot of the mountain. A. appeared B. appears C. appearing D. appear,析：C。該句意為：月亮出來(lái)時(shí)，我們?cè)谏侥_下。Appearing 和 the moon構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。,I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my hair. 我等汽車時(shí)，一只鳥落到我頭上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了，他們失望地離開了。 Time permitting,

15、well do another two exercises. 如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。,有時(shí)也可用with (without) +名詞（代詞賓格）+分詞形式 With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。,方法揭秘解題時(shí)應(yīng)牢記-ing形式獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，與-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)用法完全相同，只不過(guò) 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中-ing形式邏輯主語(yǔ)為前面的名詞或代詞。 而-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)。,7）獨(dú)立成分： 有些分詞短語(yǔ)可以做獨(dú)立成分，用來(lái)解釋整個(gè)句子，不受句子主語(yǔ)的限制。常見(jiàn)的分詞短語(yǔ)有：generally(frankly

16、,honestly) speaking, supposing (假設(shè)), judging from/by(從判斷), talking of（談到), speaking of（談到）等。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys. Supposing you lose, what will you do? Judging from his accent, he must be from the north. Talking of travel, have you ever been to Beijing?,1、分詞 (短語(yǔ)) 作狀語(yǔ)

17、時(shí), 前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人。(前后主語(yǔ)一致） 、分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面可以加上連詞或介詞，但是分詞短語(yǔ)和句子之間不能用并列連詞(如but，and)，分詞和主句之間可用逗號(hào)。 Working hard,you will succeed.,使用- ing形式需注意的4個(gè)問(wèn)題.,3、用V+ing一般式 還是Having+done完成式，要看前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作有沒(méi)明顯的先后順序，有先后順序 就用having done. 4、分詞的否定形式是在分詞短語(yǔ)前面加上 not, never等否定詞構(gòu)成。,After he heard a strong sound, he went out of the roo

18、m for a look.,= Having heard a strange sound, he went out of .,As the girl was seriously ill, she was taken to hospital immediately.,Being seriously ill, the girl was taken to .,be - being,As she didnt know any French, she couldnt get any one to help her.,Not knowing any French, she couldnt get any

19、one to help her.,Describe the pictures according to the hints.,sit on the sofa; read a report,Professor Du sat on the sofa, reading a report at home.,reading a report at home.,V-ing作伴隨狀語(yǔ),in danger; surper power,Using his super power, he saved Miss Qian when she was in danger.,V-ing作方式狀語(yǔ),shock,dance

20、crazily,Because he saw Miss Qian dancing crazily, he was deeply shocked.,Seeing Miss Qian dancing crazily,V-ing作原因狀語(yǔ),cry,When he noticed Miss Qian crying, he danced funny to entertain her.,(When) Noticing Miss Qian crying,V-ing作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),Consolidation,The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long sp

21、eech for the president.,A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing,2. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.,A. making B. makes C. made D. to make,3.”Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice.,A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. an

22、grily pointed D. and angrily pointing,4. _ a reply, he decided to write again.,Not receiving B. Receiving not Not having received D. Having not received,5The missing singer was last seen _ the voice close to the bridge Aexercising Bto be exercising Cexercise Dto exercise 6.The directors discussed th

23、e project that they would like to see _ the next year Acarry out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out,7._ the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match.A. To clean B. Having cleaned C. Cleaned D. Cleaning 8. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door

24、 _Sorry to miss you; will call later.“ A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading 9._from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car. A. Judging B. Judged C. To judge D. Judge,1. The stranger said something in a _ voice and the little girl was very much _ A. frightening, frightened B. fri

25、ghtened, frightening C. frightening, frightening D. frightened, frightened,Choose the best answer.,2. _the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door. A. Playing B. When I was playing C. Repairing D. Examining,3. Mother caught the boy _ in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. being smoked D. smoking

26、,4. _ the programme, they have to stay there for another 2 weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed,5. “We cant go out in this weather”, said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked,6. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in,7. The bell _ the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting C. indicating; interrupted