高中英語 Unit 1 Great Scientists Language points課件 新人教版必修5

1、Unit 1,Language points,Unit 1 Great scientists,1. What do you know about Dr. John Snows being well-known in London?,He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.,Questions,3. Did people know how to cure the disease?,2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?,They exposed the

2、mselves to cholera.,No, they didnt.,People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.,4. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?,5. How serious was the disease outbreak in London?,The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10

3、days.,Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.,6. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?,7. Why did some houses have no deaths?,These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad street pump.,It

4、seemed the water was to blame.,8. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?,He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.,9. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?,10. What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that w

5、ere linked to the Broad Street outbreak?,In addition, he found 2 other deaths.,11. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?,He announced that polluted water carried the disease.,12. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies?,They were instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore.,

6、練習題,attend 【匹配】 閱讀下列句子，并在其后的括號中填出attend的含義。 出席，參加 b. 照顧，護理 c. 經(jīng)常去，定期去,Mary invited about 30 people to her party, but only 12 attended it. ( ) 2. All the six members of my family attend church every Sunday. ( ),a,c,3. The nurse attended the patients with great care. ( ) 4. If you go out, who will att

7、end to the baby? ( ) 【點撥】attend常作及物動詞（句1至句3），也可作不及物動詞，構(gòu)成attend to sb. / sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“處理；對付；照料；關懷”（句4）。,b,b,【拓展】attend, join, take part in都可意為“參加”，區(qū)別如下： attend后主要接meeting, conference, school, ceremony等作賓語；join后的賓語主要是表示團體、組織(如軍隊、黨派)、一群人、游戲等的名詞，如party, army, club等；take part in后的賓語主要是某項活動，如discussion, move

8、ment, revolution, debate等。,【小試】 將下列句子翻譯成漢語。 Many children in the poor village cant attend school although they have reached the school age. 2. Daniel is sick now and he needs someone to attend to him.,丹尼爾現(xiàn)在生病了，需要有人照顧他。,那個窮村子的許多孩子雖然到了上學的年齡但卻上不了學。,e.g. 1. The wolf opened its mouth to _ a row of sharp

9、teeth.,2. Dont _ your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.,expose,expose,expose,e.g. The police began to look into the case, but the eyewitness was afraid to _ the murderer. Meaning?,“to make known; to tell the truth”,expose,揭發(fā),* When you have a pain in your shoulders, you will go to see a docto

10、r. The doctor will _ you. He will _ the pain in your shoulders. Aspirin is said to be a wonderful _ for the pain.,cure,cure,cure,cure,v. 治愈,n. 療法,* Although the boy was beyond _, his parents tried to _ him of bad habits. * The prices are going up every day, but there is no _ for rising prices.,cure,

11、cure,cure,不可救藥,n. 對策,e.g. Clever children absorb knowledge easily. 聰明孩子容易吸收知識。 Aspirin is quickly absorbed by /into the body. 阿司匹林很快被身體吸收了。 The strong states often absorbed the small states in the past. 過去大國兼并小國。,absorb 吸收; 吸引; 使專心; 合并; 吞并,He is absorbed in his business. 他專心致志的處理業(yè)務。,be absorbed in =

12、 concentrate on 表示“專心于某事” e.g. He is absorbed in the research of Chinese history recently. absorb ones attention e.g. Chinese history absorbs his attention recently.,be absorbed by 被吞并；為所吸收 absorb into 吞并；吸到 absorb ones time 占用某人的時間,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 嚴重急性呼吸道癥候群,Do you know the full n

13、ame of SARS?,severe,severe用作形容詞，當它的意思為“嚴重的；嚴肅的”時，和serious相近；當它的意思為“嚴厲的；嚴格的”時，與strict 相近，常用結(jié)構(gòu)be severe on (upon) / with sb. 表示“對某人嚴厲或嚴格”；此外它還有“劇烈的；尖銳的；樸素的”的意思。,e.g. The drought is becoming increasingly severe. 旱災日趨嚴重。 He is severe with his children. 和對子女很嚴格。 You are too severe on (upon) the boy. 你對那個

14、男孩太嚴厲了。 I felt a severe pain in the chest. 我感到胸口劇烈疼痛。,表示“傷勢嚴重”要用severe, 不用serious; 但指“疾病嚴重”時, 兩者都可與illness連接。 e.g. She received severe head injuries in the accident. 在事故中她的頭部受了重傷。 I was laid up for six weeks with a severe /serious illness. 由于重病，我臥床六個星期。,此句不可用serious。,泵 (油泵; 氣泵), 抽水機, 打氣筒,pump,If hav

15、e a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre. (You will pump up your tyre.) When my car was short of gas, I went to the gas station, where the guy pumped gas.,pump,v. 打氣,v. 打氣,We had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up. His heart was pumping fast. During the drought last year

16、, the villagers had pumped the well dry, but got no more water.,v. 給打氣,v. 心跳,v. 用唧筒抽(水等); 用唧筒抽吸.中的水等,酒館 bar,旅館; 小店,pub, public house,blame 【觀察】 仔細觀察下列句子并體會blame在句中的詞性、含義及用法。 Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English. 2. Its no use blaming our defeat on the play

17、er.,3. Its you who are to blame for the accident. 4. You must take the blame for the mistakes in the report. 5. The boss always puts the blame for the failure on us.,【點撥】blame作動詞，意為“責備；譴責”，可構(gòu)成：blame sb. / sth. for sth.,因某事而指責某人/某事（句1）；_ _ 把某事歸咎于某人/某事（句2）；_ 對某事負有責任（主動表被動）（句3）； blame作名詞，意為“過失；責備”，可構(gòu)成：

18、take the blame承擔責任（句4）；put the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人。,blame sth. on sb. / sth.,be to blame for sth.,【小試】 將下列句子翻譯成英語。 1. 那次事故怪不著孩子們。 2. 警察把那起交通事故歸咎于Jack的粗心 駕駛。,The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.,The children were not to blame for the accident.,handle,handle v.,

19、Choose the Chinese explanations in the box.,1. Ms Hawkins, the chief accountant of the company handles the companys accounts.,C. 管理,2. The children are so naughty that I cant handle them. 3. She handled a difficult argument skillfully.,F. 控制; 管,E. 應付,4. Handle children kindly, if you want them to tr

20、ust you. 5. This shop handles paper and stationery. 6. He learnt how to handle the axe.,D. 對待,B. 經(jīng)銷；買賣,A. 操作；運用,in addition also as well as besides,used when adding another fact to what has already been mentioned,e.g. In addition to apples you asked for, I bought you some oranges.,in addition,2. The

21、 two towns are linked by a railway. v. 連接,1. A lot of links fitted together form a chain. n.(鏈狀物的)環(huán), 節(jié),3. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.,link,4. 研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了吸煙和心臟病之間的關系。 Researchers have detected a link between smoking and heart disease.,1. The captain announced that the plane was g

22、oing to land. 2. The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain. 3. The army announced a cease-fire.,announce,4. It has been announced that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next week. Meaning? * to make known publicly; to give information using a loudspeaker, esp. at an

23、 airport or railway station,5. The announcer announces three programs a week. * to introduce a program on TV or radio,* train approach announcement * He waited for the announcement of the result of the competition. * make an announcement,announcement,instruct,instruct 意思為“命令；指示；囑咐；吩咐；教導（教授知識或技術）；訓練”

24、。其名詞形式為instructor（教員；教練）和instruction（命令；指示；說明）。,e.g. The teacher instructed him to start early. 老師命令他早動身。,Ive been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives. 我得到指示在這兒等到講課老師到來。 He instructs a class in history. 他教授一個班的歷史。 Read the instructions on the pocket. 看一下袋子上的說明。,instruct in,instruct 指向

25、一個人或一組人傳授知識, 但并不清楚他們是否學到什么。 teach 是最普通的詞, 可指或不指學術方面的學習; 作不及物動詞時, 表示教書生涯。 tutor 指一學生與一老師的關系, 常指課外的一個教師對一個學生的補習工作。,辨析,educate指范圍更廣泛的學術過程, 完成比teach更大的結(jié)果。 train指使一個人或一組人在某一專門的技能或職業(yè)方面達到必要的水平, 也可指訓練動物。 coach 指在普通的教育體系之外訓練或培養(yǎng)一個人或一組人, 常為了通過某項專門的考試。,e.g. I taught history for many years. 我教歷史好多年了。 Who taught you to ride a bicycle? 誰教你騎自行車的？ He instructed us in English, but some of them made little progress. 他教我們英語，但我們有些人幾乎 沒有進步。,是指學術的,不是指學術的,In his spare time, he tutored me in English. 在課余時間，他教我英語。 The writer was educated at a very good school. 這位作家在一所很好的學校里