河南省部分名校2024-2025學年高二下學期期中大聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省部分名校2024-2025學年高二下學期期中大聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABelowaresomeofthebestscholarshipsforhighschoolstudents.CarsonScholarsProgramDeadline:VariesAwardAmount:$1,000TheCarsonScholarsProgramisopentostudentsingradesfourthrougheleven.YoumusthaveaminimumGPAof3.75anddisplayhumanitarian(博愛的)qualitiesthroughcommunityservicetoqualifyforthisaward.Interestedstudentsmustbenominated(提名)byaneducatorattheirschool.MathWorksMathModelingChallengeDeadline:8/21/25AwardAmount:$5,000—$20,000TheMathWorksMathModelingChallengeisopentohighschooljuniorsandseniors.Inthischallenge,studentswillbegiven14continuoushourstosolveanopen-ended,realistic,appliedmath-modelingproblemfocusedonareal-worldproblem.ThechallengeisentirelyInternet-based.Studentschoosewhichdaytheywishtoworkonchallengeweekend.InternationalYoungEco-HeroAwardDeadline:6/2/25AwardAmount:$500TheInternationalYoungEco-HeroAwardisavailabletostudentsbetweentheagesof8and16whodemonstrateenvironmentalactivism.Tobeconsidered,youmustcarryoutanaction-based,self-initiated(自發(fā)的)projectthatconcernsenvironmentalhealthorprotectionofthenaturalworld.TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContestDeadline:11/13/25AwardAmount:$1,000TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContestisopentohighschoolstudents.Toenter,youmustcreatea16“×20”posterthatillustratestheideathatonepersoncanchangetheworldforthebetter.Theposterconcept,design,andanyphotosorartworkusedmustbetheoriginalworkofthestudententeringthecompetition.Posterswillbejudgedonoverallimpact,effectivenessinconveyingthetheme,originality,andartisticquality.1.Whichscholarshipvaluescommunityengagementmost?A.CarsonScholarsProgram.B.MathWorksMathModelingChallenge.C.InternationalYoungEco-HeroAward.D.TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContest.2.WhatisarequirementfortheInternationalYoungEco-HeroAward?A.Aneducator’snomination. B.Displayofdesignoriginality.C.Anenvironment-relatedproject. D.Advocacyofanimalwelfare.3.WhatarethePosterContestparticipantsexpectedtodo?A.Solvereal-worldproblems. B.Justifypersonalartisticideas.C.Conductresearchonglobalissues. D.Createposterswithaspecifictheme.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四項針對高中生的獎學金項目，包括申請要求、獎項金額及核心考察點?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CarsonScholarsProgram部分“TheCarsonScholarsProgramisopentostudentsingradesfourthrougheleven.YoumusthaveaminimumGPAof3.75anddisplayhumanitarian(博愛的)qualitiesthroughcommunityservicetoqualifyforthisaward.(卡森學者計劃對四年級至十一年級的學生開放。你必須至少有3.75的平均績點，并通過社區(qū)服務(wù)表現(xiàn)出博愛的品質(zhì)，才有資格獲得該獎項)”可知，卡森學者計劃要求申請者通過社區(qū)服務(wù)展現(xiàn)博愛的品質(zhì)，即最重視社區(qū)參與度。故選A。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InternationalYoungEco-HeroAward部分“TheInternationalYoungEco-HeroAwardisavailabletostudentsbetweentheagesof8and16whodemonstrateenvironmentalactivism.Tobeconsidered,youmustcarryoutanaction-based,self-initiated(自發(fā)的)projectthatconcernsenvironmentalhealthorprotectionofthenaturalworld.(國際青年生態(tài)英雄獎面向8至16歲表現(xiàn)出環(huán)保主義的學生。要被考慮，你必須執(zhí)行一個基于行動的、自發(fā)的項目，該項目涉及環(huán)境健康或保護自然世界)”可知，申請該獎項的核心要求是執(zhí)行與環(huán)境相關(guān)的項目。故選C。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContest部分“TheChristophersHighSchoolPosterContestisopentohighschoolstudents.Toenter,youmustcreatea16“×20”posterthatillustratestheideathatonepersoncanchangetheworldforthebetter.(克利斯朵夫高中海報比賽對高中生開放。要參賽，你必須制作一張16英寸×20英寸的海報，以闡釋一個人能夠讓世界變得更美好的理念)”可知，參賽者需圍繞“個人改變世界”這一主題創(chuàng)作海報。故選D。BIfirstjoinedBarnsleylibraryonmyseventhbirthday.Itwasadustysuite(套房)ofratherfrightening,dark-panelledroomsatthetopofaseriesofstaircasesinanoldbuilding.Asinglelibrarianstoodguard,andwhenIfirstarrivedtostareinaweatthepalaceofbooks—therowsofbookshelves;thearchways(拱道),thelong,darkpassages—shestrictlyindicatedasingleshelfofchildren’sbooksbytheentrance.Shesaidthatthiswasthechildren’ssection—here,whereshecouldkeepaneyeonme—andthatIhadtowaitanotherfiveyearstoaccesstherestofthelibrary.Ireadallthebooksontheshelfinthreemonths.IcameineverySaturday.Whilemyparentswenttothemarket,Iwouldsitinthelibraryandread,andstarelonginglyattheforbiddenbookshelves.Eventually,thelibrarianagreedtobendtherulesforme.Sheallowedmetoborrowonebookamonthfromtheadultsection,aslongasshefeltitwassuitable.ThusIspentmySaturdaymorningsspeed-readingallthebooksthatIknewwouldn’tbejudgedsuitable,beforefinallychoosingthebookwhichIthoughtwouldpassthelibrarian’sscrutinytotakehome.Astimepassed,sodidherworrythatIwasuptonogood,andIwouldspendhoursexploringthelibrary,hiddenawayamongtheshelves.Ihadmyfavouritereadingspot,atthebackofthemythology(神話)section.Eventhestrictlibrarianseemedlessdisapproving.OnedayIcameintofindthatshehadbroughtabeanbagintomyplace,sothatIwouldn’thavetositonthefloor.Iwashome.Later,thelibraryclosed,andmovedtoanew,concretebuildinginthetowncentre.Itwasmuchlargerthantheoldlibraryhadbeen,andverymuchmorepractical.Butmyheartremainsinthedustyoldshelvesofthatfirstlibrary,inwhichIfoundmynaturalhome,myfictionalworlds,andmypeople.4.Whatrestrictiondidthelibrarianinitiallyplaceontheauthor?A.Onemonthlyvisittothelibrary. B.Apermanentbanonadultbooks.C.Limitedaccesstoaspecificsection. D.Noentrywithoutparentalcompany.5.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“passthelibrarian’sscrutiny”inparagraph2?A.Challengethelibrarian’srules. B.Matchthelibrarian’spreferences.C.Avoidthelibrarian’sinspection. D.Meetwiththelibrarian’sapproval.6.Whatdoesthelibrarian’sbeanbagimply?A.Arelaxationoflibraryrules. B.Herrecognitionofthekid’spassion.C.Anupgradeoflibraryfacilities. D.Herpityforthechild’sbackground.7.Whydoestheauthorprefertheoldlibrary?A.Hefoundaplaceofhisownthere. B.Hevalueditsarchitecturefeatures.C.Hepreferreditsbookcollections. D.Hespentmostofhischildhoodthere.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了作者童年時期與老圖書館的深厚情感，以及圖書管理員對其閱讀熱情的認可與支持?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“shestrictlyindicatedasingleshelfofchildren’sbooksbytheentrance.Shesaidthatthiswasthechildren’ssection—here,whereshecouldkeepaneyeonme—andthatIhadtowaitanotherfiveyearstoaccesstherestofthelibrary.(她嚴格地指給我入口處一排兒童書籍書架。她說這是兒童區(qū)——在這里她可以看著我——并且我必須再等五年才能進入圖書館其他區(qū)域)”可知，最初圖書管理員限制作者只能進入特定區(qū)域（兒童區(qū)），而其他區(qū)域需五年后才能進入。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Whilemyparentswenttothemarket,Iwouldsitinthelibraryandread,andstarelonginglyattheforbiddenbookshelves.Eventually,thelibrarianagreedtobendtherulesforme.Sheallowedmetoborrowonebookamonthfromtheadultsection,aslongasshefeltitwassuitable.ThusIspentmySaturdaymorningsspeed-readingallthebooksthatIknewwouldn’tbejudgedsuitable,beforefinallychoosingthebookwhichIthoughtwouldpassthelibrarian’sscrutinytotakehome.(當我父母去市場時，我會坐在圖書館看書，渴望地盯著那些被禁止的書架。最終，圖書管理員同意為我放寬規(guī)定。她允許我每月從成人區(qū)借一本書，只要她覺得合適。因此，我花了周六早上快速閱讀所有我知道不合適的書，然后最終選擇了我認為可以passthelibrarian’sscrutiny帶書回家)”可知，作者需選擇被圖書管理員認為合適的書才能帶回家，推測劃線部分表示“獲得圖書管理員的認可”。故選D。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“OnedayIcameintofindthatshehadbroughtabeanbagintomyplace,sothatIwouldn’thavetositonthefloor.Iwashome.(一天我進來時發(fā)現(xiàn)她在我的位置放了一個豆袋沙發(fā)，這樣我就不用坐在地上了)”可知，圖書管理員主動為作者提供舒適座椅，可推測這一舉動表明圖書管理員認可了作者對閱讀的熱情。故選B。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butmyheartremainsinthedustyoldshelvesofthatfirstlibrary,inwhichIfoundmynaturalhome,myfictionalworlds,andmypeople.(但我的心仍留在那座老圖書館布滿灰塵的書架上，在那里我找到了屬于自己的天地、虛構(gòu)的世界和我志同道合的人)”可知，作者偏愛老圖書館是因為那里有自己專屬的精神家園。故選A。CNuclearpowerplants,whichgenerateabout20%ofallelectricityproducedintheUnitedStates,producealmostnogreenhousegasemissions(排放).However,thesesystemsdocreateradioactivewaste,whichcanbedangeroustohumanhealthandtheenvironment.Safelyremovingthiswastecanbechallenging.Anewstudyrevealsthatresearchershavedevelopedabatterycapableoftransformingnuclearenergyintoelectricitythroughlightemission.LedbyOhioStateUniversityresearchers,theteamcombinedradiation-responsivelight-producingmaterialsandsolarcells.Theydemonstratedthatenvironmentalgammaradiation(伽馬輻射)couldbeusedtoproducesufficientelectricityforpoweringmicroelectronicslikemicrochips.Thebattery,a4-cubic-centimetermodel,wastestedatOhioState’sNuclearReactorLaboratory.Researchersusedtwodifferentradioactivesources,cesium-137,andcobalt-60,someofthemostsignificantseparatingproductsthatcomefromnuclearwaste.Thetestsshoweditgenerated288nanowattswithcesium-137and1.5microwattswithcobalt-60,enoughtopowerasmallsensor(傳感器).LeadauthorRaymondCaobelievesitcanbeexpandedwiththerightpowersource.Sincebatteriesofthistypewouldmostlikelyendupinenvironmentswherehighlevelsofradiationalreadyexistandaren’teasilyaccessibletothepublic,theselong-lastingdeviceswouldn’tpollutetheirsurroundings.Evenmoresignificantly,theycouldalsooperatewithouttheneedforroutinemaintenance.Expandingthistechnologyupwouldbecostlyunlessthesebatteriescouldbereliablymade,saidCao.Furtherresearchisneededtoassessthebatteries’usefulnessandlimitations,includinghowlongtheymightlastoncesafelyputintouse,saidOksuz,co-authorofthestudy.Healsonoted,“There’sstilllotsofroomforimprovement,butIbelieveinthefuture,thisapproachwillcarveanimportantspaceforitselfinboththeenergyproductionandsensorsindustry.”8.Whatdoesparagraph1wanttotellusaboutthenewbattery?A.Itsrelationwithnuclearplants. B.Itsimpactongreenhousegases.C.Itsmodeofpowergeneration. D.Itsinfluenceonelectricity.9.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressusingnumbersinparagraph3?A.Thekindsofradioactivesources. B.Thebattery’stestedpoweroutput.C.Thesizeofthetestedbattery. D.Thetestsitesofthebattery.10.WhatdoesOksuzthinkofthenewly-developednuclearbattery?A.Itholdsgreatpromise. B.Itiseasilyproduced.C.Ithaspotentialrisks. D.Itischeaptoexpandproduction.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NuclearWaste:aFreshProblemB.SolarCells:TransformingLighttoPowerC.NuclearPower:PresentingHealthRisksD.NewBattery:TurningWastetoTreasure【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一種新型電池，它能將核能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，利用核廢料發(fā)電，為能源生產(chǎn)和傳感器行業(yè)帶來新機遇?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudyrevealsthatresearchershavedevelopedabatterycapableoftransformingnuclearenergyintoelectricitythroughlightemission.(一項新研究表明，研究人員已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種電池，能夠通過發(fā)光將核能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能)”可知，第一段主要介紹了新電池的發(fā)電模式，即通過發(fā)光將核能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thetestsshoweditgenerated288nanowattswithcesium-137and1.5microwattswithcobalt-60,enoughtopowerasmallsensor(傳感器).(測試表明，使用銫-137時，它能產(chǎn)生288納瓦的電力；使用鈷-60時，能產(chǎn)生1.5微瓦的電力，足以驅(qū)動一個小型傳感器)”可知，作者通過列舉具體數(shù)據(jù)，強調(diào)了電池的測試輸出功率。故選B。【10題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Healsonoted,“There’sstilllotsofroomforimprovement,butIbelieveinthefuture,thisapproachwillcarveanimportantspaceforitselfinboththeenergyproductionandsensorsindustry.”(他還指出，“仍有很大的改進空間，但我相信未來這種方法將在能源生產(chǎn)和傳感器行業(yè)為自己開辟一個重要的空間。”)”可知，Oksuz認為新開發(fā)的核電池能在能源生產(chǎn)和傳感器行業(yè)占據(jù)重要地位，即Oksuz認為新開發(fā)的核電池具有很大的發(fā)展?jié)摿Α９蔬xA。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudyrevealsthatresearchershavedevelopedabatterycapableoftransformingnuclearenergyintoelectricitythroughlightemission.(一項新研究表明，研究人員已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種電池，能夠通過發(fā)光將核能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了研究人員開發(fā)出的一種新型電池，它能夠?qū)⒑四芡ㄟ^發(fā)光轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，并利用核廢料中的放射性物質(zhì)發(fā)電，為能源生產(chǎn)和傳感器行業(yè)帶來新的可能性，即將核廢料“變廢為寶”。所以D項“新電池：變廢為寶”適合作為文章標題。故選D。DForgenerations,oldanimalshavebeendescribedasaheavyburdenoftheirspecies.Now,anewstudyturnsthatthinkingonitshead.InhispaperpublishedinSciencelastyear,R.KellerKopfofCharlesDarwinUniversity,notedlosingtheseoldanimalsweakensthebalanceofthewholesystem.Partofthelossisreproductiveability.Theresearchersfoundthatinsomespecies,it’stheold,nottheyoung,thatproducemoreoffspring(后代).Thelossoftheoldalsopreventsthespreadofculturalknowledgeacrossthegenerations,oftencriticaltosurvival.Worsestill,thepeoplewhoputtogetherlistsofendangeredspeciestendtomaketheirassessmentsbylookingatnumbersofindividuals,howbigtheyareandwhethertheirrangeisgrowingorcontracting.Thepresenceorabsenceoftheelderlydoesn’tfactorin,eventhougholderanimalscanplaysuchakeyroleinaspecies’survival.Kopfandhisco-authorssaythatmustchange.Theycomeupwithanideacalled“l(fā)ongevityconservation”.Itmeanstheprotectionofoldindividualstomaintainorrestoretheagestructureofpopulations.Theysaybiologistswhomanagefishandwildlifeshouldtaketheelderlyintoaccount.Thatmightmean,forexample,protectinglong-livedcreaturesthatliveinthebottomoftheocean.Itmeansthinkingindecades.Italsoimplieshavingadecentcountofelderlyanimalsinathreatenedpopulation.Thisisalong-ignoredtoolforbuildingresilience(恢復(fù)力)intimesofcriticalecologicalstress.Partly,thisisaconceptualshift.Ihavetowonderwhetherwidespreadprejudiceagainstolderhumansbleedsintosomeofourattitudestowardeldersinotherspecies.Whyshoulditseemsocounter-intuitive(違反直覺的)tothinkanolderanimalhasanythingtoofferyoungergenerations?Me,Itrustnature.If,lefttotheirowndevices,animalslivetoagrandoldage,thatmustmeanoldageprovidessomesurvivalbenefitforthespecies.Otherwise,itwouldn’thappen.Foreveryoung?Nah.Oldagerocks.12.Whatisaconsequenceoflosingelderlyanimals?A.Increasedbiodiversity. B.Declineinecosystembalance.C.Betterspeciesstructure. D.Spreadofsurvivalknowledge.13.Whatactionwillagroupadopting“l(fā)ongevityconservation”take?A.Restoresomerarespecies. B.Protectshort-livedcreatures.C.Relocatethreatenedspecies. D.Restrictharvestofelderlyanimals.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Ageprejudiceaffectsconservation. B.Naturefavorsyoungergenerations.C.Survivalbenefitsdependonsocialjustice. D.Conceptualshiftsarecounter-intuitive.15.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthetext?A.Tocriticizealong-standingview.B.Toadvocateanewresearchmethod.C.Toarguefortheprotectionofoldindividuals.D.Toshowthereproductivepatternsofspecies.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了保護老年動物對維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡的重要性，呼吁采取“長壽保護”理念?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InhispaperpublishedinSciencelastyear,R.KellerKopfofCharlesDarwinUniversity,notedlosingtheseoldanimalsweakensthebalanceofthewholesystem.(查爾斯·達爾文大學的R.KellerKopf在去年發(fā)表在《科學》雜志上的論文中指出，失去這些古老的動物會削弱整個系統(tǒng)的平衡)”可知，失去老年動物會導(dǎo)致生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡的下降。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Theycomeupwithanideacalled“l(fā)ongevityconservation”.Itmeanstheprotectionofoldindividualstomaintainorrestoretheagestructureofpopulations.(他們提出了一個名為“長壽保護”的想法。這意味著保護老年個體以維持或恢復(fù)種群的年齡結(jié)構(gòu))”和第五段“Thisisalong-ignoredtoolforbuildingresilience(恢復(fù)力)intimesofcriticalecologicalstress.(這是在面臨關(guān)鍵生態(tài)壓力時建立恢復(fù)力的一個長期被忽視的工具)”可知，采取“長壽保護”理念的群體將采取限制對老年動物的捕撈等措施，以保護老年個體，維持或恢復(fù)種群的年齡結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ihavetowonderwhetherwidespreadprejudiceagainstolderhumansbleedsintosomeofourattitudestowardeldersinotherspecies.(我不得不懷疑，對老年人的普遍偏見是否會滲透到我們對其他物種老年個體的態(tài)度中)”可知，作者認為對老年人的偏見可能影響了對其他物種中老年個體的保護態(tài)度，即年齡偏見影響了保護工作。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“InhispaperpublishedinSciencelastyear,R.KellerKopfofCharlesDarwinUniversity,notedlosingtheseoldanimalsweakensthebalanceofthewholesystem.(查爾斯·達爾文大學的R.KellerKopf在去年發(fā)表在《科學》雜志上的論文中指出，失去這些古老的動物會削弱整個系統(tǒng)的平衡)”、第四段“Theycomeupwithanideacalled“l(fā)ongevityconservation”.Itmeanstheprotectionofoldindividualstomaintainorrestoretheagestructureofpopulations.(他們提出了一個名為“長壽保護”的想法。這意味著保護老年個體以維持或恢復(fù)種群的年齡結(jié)構(gòu))”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文通過研究指出，失去老年動物會削弱生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡，強調(diào)了保護老年個體對維持種群年齡結(jié)構(gòu)和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定的重要性，并提出了“長壽保護”的理念，因此文章的主要目的是呼吁保護老年個體。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Gratefulpeoplearehappypeople.Why?Theanswerisprettysimple:Beinggratefulfocusesyourattentiononwhatyouhave,ratherthanwhatyoudon’t,andremindsyouaboutallthatisgoodinyourlife.____16____.Andhowwellyougetalongwithothersisthestrongestfactorindetermininghappiness.So,whatdoesgratitude(感激)mean,exactly?Generally,gratitudeisthepositivefeelingofbeingthankfulforsomeoneorsomething.____17____.Gratitudeisaproductiveemotionaltrainingtool.Whenyouaregratefulforyourlife,youcanexperiencethepositiveandpleasantfeelingsconnectedwithhappiness,peace,passion,excitementandlove.Thesepleasantemotionscanthenproducepositivechangesinyourlife.Gratitudeisalsotheoppositeofournegativeinnervoice.Itdisturbsnegativepatternsandcreatesanopportunitytofocusonallthegoodinone’spast,presentandfuture.____18____—andoneyoucangetbetteratwithpractice,evenifitdoesn’tcomenaturallytoyouatfirst.Readytopracticegratitudeinyoureverydaylife?Trythesimple,expert-approvedtipsbelow.Tocultivate(培養(yǎng))gratitude,startbydocumentingit.____19____.Whetherit’sacolleague’skindnessorasunset’sbeauty,writingthemdownbridgesabstractgratitudetoactualreality,thustrainingthemindtoseekpositivity.Anotherpowerfulapproachistoseekgratitudeinadversity(逆境).Lifeisn’taboutwhathappenstoyoubuthowyouhandleit.Thereisnosituation,nomatterhowdifficult,inwhichyoucan’tfindsomethingtobegratefulfor.Revisitingpaststrugglesthroughjournalsorphotoscanuncoveroverlookedstrengths—afriend’ssupport,personalgrowth,etc.____20____.A.BeinggratefulisalearnedskillB.Butinfact,it’ssomuchmorethanthatC.TryjournalingwhateverhappensduringthedayD.Gratitudedoesn’tjustoccurwhenyoulookbackE.ThishelpsfindarayofhopeincurrenttroublesF.KeepajournaltorecorddailymomentsofappreciationG.It’salsooneofthebesttoolstostrengthenrelationships【答案】16.G17.B18.A19.F20.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了心懷感激對幸福的重要性，感激的含義、作用以及培養(yǎng)感激之情的方法。【16題詳析】上文“Theanswerisprettysimple:Beinggratefulfocusesyourattentiononwhatyouhave,ratherthanwhatyoudon’t,andremindsyouaboutallthatisgoodinyourlife.(答案很簡單：心懷感激能讓你把注意力集中在自己擁有的東西上，而不是你沒有的東西上，還能讓你想起生活中所有美好的事物)”解釋了心懷感激能帶來的好處，下文“Andhowwellyougetalongwithothersisthestrongestfactorindetermininghappiness.(你與他人相處得如何是決定幸福的最重要因素)”指出與他人相處得好是決定幸福的最重要因素，G選項“這也是加強關(guān)系的最佳工具之一”中的also表明了上下文的遞進關(guān)系，且與下文相呼應(yīng)，強調(diào)了心懷感激對人際關(guān)系的重要性。故選G?！?7題詳析】上文“Generally,gratitudeisthepositivefeelingofbeingthankfulforsomeoneorsomething.(一般來說，感激是對某人或某事心存感激的積極情緒)”解釋了感激的基本含義，以及下文“Gratitudeisaproductiveemotionaltrainingtool.Whenyouaregratefulforyourlife,youcanexperiencethepositiveandpleasantfeelingsconnectedwithhappiness,peace,passion,excitementandlove.Thesepleasantemotionscanthenproducepositivechangesinyourlife.Gratitudeisalsotheoppositeofournegativeinnervoice.(感激是一種富有成效的情感訓(xùn)練工具。當你感激自己的生活時，你能體驗到與幸福、安寧、激情、興奮和愛相關(guān)的積極和愉快的感覺。這些愉快的情緒會給你的生活帶來積極的變化。感激也是我們內(nèi)心消極聲音的反面)”進一步闡述了感激的深遠意義和作用，B選項“但事實上，它遠不止于此”表明感激不僅僅是上文所提到的積極情緒，還有更深層次的意義，與下文形成遞進關(guān)系，符合語境。故選B。【18題詳析】下文“andoneyoucangetbetteratwithpractice,evenifitdoesn’tcomenaturallytoyouatfirst.(而且這是一種可以通過練習來提高的技能，即使一開始它對你來說并不自然)”提到感激是一種可以通過練習來提高的技能，A選項“心懷感激是一項可以學會的技能”引出下文，共同說明了感激是一種可以通過練習來提高的技能，符合語境。故選A。【19題詳析】上文“Tocultivate(培養(yǎng))gratitude,startbydocumentingit.(要培養(yǎng)感恩之心，首先要把它記錄下來)”提到要培養(yǎng)感恩之心，首先要把它記錄下來，F(xiàn)選項“寫日記來記錄每天的感恩時刻”與上文中的documentingit相呼應(yīng)，具體說明了記錄感恩的方式，符合語境。故選F?！?0題詳析】上文“Revisitingpaststrugglesthroughjournalsorphotoscanuncoveroverlookedstrengths—afriend’ssupport,personalgrowth,etc.(通過日記或照片回顧過去的奮斗歷程，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)被忽視的優(yōu)勢——比如朋友的支持、個人的成長等)”提到通過回顧過去的奮斗歷程可以發(fā)現(xiàn)被忽視的優(yōu)勢，E選項“這有助于在當前困境中找到一線希望”與上文形成因果關(guān)系，說明回顧過去的奮斗歷程并發(fā)現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢可以幫助我們在當前的困境中找到希望，符合語境。故選E。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AndyElliottshareshislifelongpassionforuncoveringhistory.AsachildinMiltonKeynes,hefoundfossils(化石)andancientobjects,stimulatinghis____21____aboutthepast.Alocalhistoriantookhimunderhiswing.Later,he____22____thispassionwithdiving,openingupaworldofunderwaterexploration.In1999,Andyco-foundedtheSouthWestMaritimeArchaeologicalGroup(SWMAG)withfriendstosearchforoceantreasures.TheirfirstbigdiscoverycameinarivermouthnearPlymouth—acollectionof14tiningots(錫錠)____23____theBronzeAge,latersenttotheBritishMuseum.Thisfind____24____theirresolvetouncovermore.Andy’smostexcitingexperiencecamenearSalcombein1994.There,he____25____goldcoinsandanextraordinarynavigation(導(dǎo)航)instrumentshapedlikeafish.Holdingit,hefeltthe____26____ofhistory.Thesandcircledasif____27____himon,revealingtreasuresthatpaintedavividpictureofseatrade.ForAndy,everydiveisachancetoholdhistoryinhishands.Decadeson,he’sstill____28____bytheexcitementofdiscoveryandthejoyofpreservingthestorieshiddenbeneaththewaves.His____29____hasledhimtouncovertreasuresthatmanywouldnever_____30_____tofind.Theexperiencehasbeena(n)_____31_____pointforAndy.Hehaslearnedto_____32_____thevalueofhistoryandtheimportanceofpreservingit.Lookingback,Andyknowsthathis_____33_____hasbroughthimtoplacesheneverimagined,andhecontinuesto_____34_____thepastwiththesame_____35_____hehadasachild.21.A.curiosity B.conflict C.fantasy D.confusion22.A.replaced B.compared C.combined D.balanced23.A.exposedto B.referredtoas C.datingbackto D.leadingto24.A.weakened B.deepened C.shifted D.questioned25.A.collected B.unearthed C.decorated D.designed26.A.weight B.burden C.pressure D.load27.A.urging B.forcing C.passing D.delaying28.A.exhausted B.discouraged C.distracted D.driven29.A.sympathy B.description C.enthusiasm D.innocence30.A.arranged B.guaranteed C.expected D.declined31.A.confirming B.breaking C.ending D.turning32.A.appreciate B.assess C.analyze D.admit33.A.bravery B.demand C.memory D.desire34.A.investigate B.explore C.check D.slip35.A.emptiness B.contentment C.relief D.loss【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.B25.B26.A27.A28.D29.C30.C31.D32.A33.D34.B35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了AndyElliott對歷史探索的熱愛，及其水下考古發(fā)現(xiàn)與對歷史價值的珍視?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當AndyElliott還是MiltonKeynes的一個孩子時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了化石和古代物品，這激發(fā)了他對過去的好奇心。A.curiosity好奇心；B.conflict沖突；C.fantasy幻想；D.confusion困惑。根據(jù)下文“Later,he________thispassionwithdiving,openingupaworldofunderwaterexploration.”可知，AndyElliott發(fā)現(xiàn)了化石和古代物品，這激發(fā)了他對過去的好奇心。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，他將這種熱情與潛水結(jié)合在一起，開啟了一個水下探索的世界。A.replaced代替；B.compared比較；C.combined結(jié)合；D.balanced平衡。根據(jù)下文“thispassionwithdiving”可知，他將這種熱情與潛水結(jié)合在一起。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他們的第一個重大發(fā)現(xiàn)是在普利茅斯附近的一個河口發(fā)現(xiàn)的14塊可以追溯到青銅時代的錫錠，后來被送到了大英博物館。A.exposedto暴露于；B.referredtoas被稱為；C.datingbackto追溯到；D.leadingto導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)下文“theBronzeAge,”以及語境可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)的14塊錫錠可以追溯到青銅時代。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這一發(fā)現(xiàn)加深了他們發(fā)掘更多寶藏的決心。A.weakened削弱；B.deepened加深；C.shifted轉(zhuǎn)變；D.questioned質(zhì)疑。根據(jù)上文“TheirfirstbigdiscoverycameinarivermouthnearPlymouth—acollectionof14tiningots(錫錠)________theBronzeAge,latersenttotheBritishMuseum.”可知，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了可以追溯到青銅時代的錫錠，這會加深他們發(fā)掘更多寶藏的決心。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，他挖掘出了金幣和一個形狀像魚的非凡導(dǎo)航儀器。A.collected收集；B.unearthed挖掘；C.decorated裝飾；D.designed設(shè)計。根據(jù)下文“goldcoinsandanextraordinarynavigation(導(dǎo)航)instrumentshapedlikeafish.”可知，此處表示他挖掘出的物品。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：拿著它，他感受到了歷史的分量。A.weight重量，分量；B.burden負擔；C.pressure壓力；D.load負載。根據(jù)下文“Thesandcircledasif________himon,revealingtreasuresthatpaintedavividpictureofseatrade.”以及語境可知，他拿著挖掘出的物品，仿佛看到歷史上的場景，感受到了歷史的分量。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沙子在周圍旋轉(zhuǎn)，仿佛在催促他前進，揭示出描繪出海貿(mào)生動畫面的寶藏。A.urging催促；B.forcing強迫；C.passing通過；D.delaying延遲。根據(jù)上文“There,he________

goldcoinsandanextraordinarynavigation(導(dǎo)航)instrumentshapedlikeafish.”以及下文“himon,revealingtreasuresthatpaintedavividpictureofseatrade.”可知，Andy挖掘出金幣和導(dǎo)航儀器后，沙子在周圍旋轉(zhuǎn)，仿佛在催促他前進，繼續(xù)挖掘。故選A。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾十年過去了，他仍然被發(fā)現(xiàn)的興奮和保存海浪下隱藏的故事的喜悅所驅(qū)使。A.exhausted使筋疲力盡；B.discouraged使氣餒；C.distracted使分心；D.driven驅(qū)使。根據(jù)下文“bytheexcitementofdiscoveryandthejoyofpreservingthestorieshiddenbeneaththewaves.His________hasledhimtouncovertreasuresthatmanywouldnever________tofind.”可知，即使已經(jīng)過了幾十年，Andy會因發(fā)現(xiàn)和海浪下的故事感到興奮和喜悅，所以此處表示他仍然被發(fā)現(xiàn)的興奮和保存海浪下隱藏的故事的喜悅所驅(qū)使。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的熱情使他發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多人從未期望能找到的寶藏。A.sympathy同情；B.description描述；C.enthusiasm熱情；D.innocence天真。根據(jù)上文“Decadeson,he’sstill________bytheexcitementofdiscoveryandthejoyofpreservingthestorieshiddenbeneaththewaves.”可知，此處表示Andy對考古的熱情。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.arranged安排；B.guaranteed保證；C.expected期望；D.declined拒絕。根據(jù)上文“His________hasledhimtouncovertreasuresthatmanywouldnever”以及語境可知，此處表示許多人從未期望能找到的寶藏。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這段經(jīng)歷對Andy來說是一個轉(zhuǎn)折點。A.confirming確認；B.breaking打破；C.ending結(jié)束；D.turning轉(zhuǎn)折。根據(jù)下文“Hehaslearnedto________thevalueofhistoryandtheimportanceofpreservingit.”可知，對于Andy來說，這段經(jīng)歷使得他的生活發(fā)生改變，對他來說是一個轉(zhuǎn)折點。故選D。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他學會了欣賞歷史的價值和保護歷史的重要性。A.appreciate欣賞；B.assess評估；C.analyze分析；D.admit承認。根據(jù)下文“thevalueofhistoryandtheimportanceofpreservingit.”可知，此處表示他學會欣賞歷史的價值。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回顧過去，Andy知道他的渴望帶他去了他從未想象過的地方。A.bravery勇敢；B.demand要求；C.memory記憶；D.desire渴望。根據(jù)上文“AsachildinMiltonKeynes,hefoundfossils(化石)andancientobjects,stimulatinghis________aboutthepast.”可知，Andy渴望了解過去，所以此處表示他的渴望使得他去往自己從未想象過的地方。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他繼續(xù)以孩童般的滿足感探索過去。A.investigate調(diào)查；B.explore探索；C.check檢查；D.slip滑倒。根據(jù)上文“Later,he________thispassionwithdiving,openingupaworldofunderwaterexploration.”可知，此處表示Andy繼續(xù)探索過去。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.emptiness空虛；B.contentment滿足；C.relief寬慰；D.loss損失。根據(jù)上文“AsachildinMiltonKeynes,hefoundfossils(化石)andancientobjects,stimulatinghis________aboutthepast.”以及下文“hehadasachild”可知，孩童時，Andy開始對探索過去產(chǎn)生熱情，此處表示他繼續(xù)以孩童般的滿足感探索過去。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Lastspring,whilewanderingthepathsatPekingUniversity’slawlibrary,Icameacross____36____unusualbookonChina’sPropertyLaw.AuthoredbythefamouslawprofessorS.FrancisLiuandtwoofhisstudents,itlackedapubl