鐵路專業(yè)詞匯

鐵路專業(yè)詞匯減壓閥reducingvalve

機車分配閥locomotivedistributingvalve

切換閥transfervalve

濾塵止回閥strainercheckvalve

機車緊急放風閥locomotiveemergencyventvalve

高壓保安閥highpressuresafetyvalve

低壓保安閥lowpressuresafetyvalve

無載起動電空閥no-loadstartingelectropneumaticvalve

油水分離器oil-waterseparator

總風缸mainairreservoir

空氣干燥器airdryer

撒砂裝置sandingdevice

砂箱sandbox

撒砂閥sandingvalve

撒砂器sandingsprayer

緊急撒砂emergencysanding

自動撒砂automaticsanding

間隙效應slackaction

L/V比值L/Vratio

弓網(wǎng)關系pantograph-contactlinerelation

機車牽引區(qū)段locomotivetractivedistrict

機車交路locomotiverouting

單肩回交路single-armrouting

雙肩回交路double-armrouting

半循環(huán)交路semi-looprouting

循環(huán)交路looprouting

環(huán)形交路circularrouting

短交路shortrouting

長交路longrouting

直通交路throughrouting

機車乘務制度locomotivecrewworkingsystem

機車包乘制systemofassigningcrewtodesignatedlocomotive

機車輪乘制locomotivecrewpoolingsystem

機車隨乘制locomotivecaboosecrewsystem

機車乘務組locomotivecrew

司機driver

副司機assisantdriver

指導司機driverinstructor

司爐fireman

機車運用指標indexoflocomotiveoperation

機車出入段作業(yè)preparationoflocomotiveforleavingandarrivingatdepot

機車全周轉(zhuǎn)completeturnroundoflocomotive

機車在段停留時間detentiontimeoflocomotiveatdepot

機車全周轉(zhuǎn)距離diatanceofonecompleteturnroundoflocomotive

機車全周轉(zhuǎn)時間periodofonecompleteturnroundoflocomotive

機車走行公里locomotiverunningkilometers

換算走行公里convertedrunningkilometers

沿線走行公里runningkilometersontheroad

輔助走行公里auxiliaryrunningkilometers

本務走行公里leadinglocomotiverunningkilometers

單機走行公里lightlocomotiverunningkilometers

重聯(lián)機車走行公里multi-locomotiverunningkilometers

機車日車公里averagedailylocomotiverunningkilometers

機車平均牽引總重averagegrossweighthauledbylocomotive

機車日產(chǎn)量averagedailyoutputoflocomotive

運用機車臺數(shù)numberoflocomotiveinservice

機車需要系數(shù)coefficientoflocomotivesrequirment

單機運行l(wèi)ightlocomotiverunning

雙機牽引；雙機重聯(lián)牽引doublelocomotivetraction

多機牽引multi-locomotivetraction

主機；本務機車leadinglocomotive

輔機assistinglocomotive

補機bankinglocomotive

機車超重牽引tractionfortrainexceedmassnorm

機車調(diào)度命令locomotivediapatchingorder

機務段運行揭示runningservice-bulletinofdepot

司機運轉(zhuǎn)保單driver’sservice-report；driver’slog

司機室driver’scab

司機操縱臺driver’sdesk

司機模擬操縱裝置simulatorfordrivertrain-handling

優(yōu)化操縱optimumhandling；optimumoptimumoperation

機車自動操縱automaticlocomotiveoperation

機車保養(yǎng)locomotivemaintenance

機車檢修locomotiveinspectionandrepair

機車檢修修程classificationoflocomotiverepair

機車大修locomotiveoverhaul[repair]；locomotivegeneraloverhaul

架修intermediaterepair

定修periodicalrepair；lightrepair

蒸汽機車洗修steamlocomotiveboilerwashoutrepair

機車廠修locomotiverepairinworks

機車段修locomotiverepairindepot

機車定期修locomotiveperiodicalrepair

日常檢查routineinspection

運行檢查；行修r(nóng)unninginspection

機車臨修locomotivetemporaryrepair

定期檢修r(nóng)epairbasedontimeorrunningkilometers

狀態(tài)檢修r(nóng)epairbasedonconditionofcomponent

換件大修componentexchangerepair

配件互換修r(nóng)epairwithinterchangeablecomponent

預防維修制preventivemaintenancesystem

檢修周期periodofinspectionandrepair

月檢monthlyinspection

定檢公里runningkilometersbetweenpredeterminedrepairs

定檢時間timebetweenpredeterminedrepairs

檢修范圍scopeofrepairingcourse；scopeofrepair

超范圍修理repairbeyondthescopeofrepairingcourse

檢修停時standingtimeunderrepair

集中化修理；集中修centralizationofrepair

檢修基本技術條件fundamentaltechnicalrequirementsforrepairandinspection

檢修工藝規(guī)程technologicalregulationsforrepairandinspection

檢修作業(yè)程序repairprocedure；shopprogram

磨耗限度limitofwear

檢修限度locomotiverepairlimit

第一限度1stlimit

第二限度2ndlimit

使用限度operationlimit

中間工藝檢驗intermediateinspectionatthetechnologicalprocess

轉(zhuǎn)向設備turningfacilities

轉(zhuǎn)盤turntable

機務設備通過能力carryingcapacityoflocomotivefacilities

機車專用設備specialequipmentforlocomotiveoperation

部件故障檢測；故障診斷inspectionofcomponentfailure；failurediagnostic

機車驗收acceptanceoflocomotive

機車試運轉(zhuǎn)locomotivetrialrun

形式試驗typetest

性能試驗performancetest

鑒定試驗homologationtest

出廠試驗predeliverytest

制動試驗braketest

牽引試驗tractiontest

負載試驗loadedtest；loadtest

牽引熱工試驗tractionandthermodynamiquedetraction

定置試驗stationarytest；testatstandstill

動力學試驗dynamicstest

強度試驗strengthtest

運用試驗servicetest；operationtest

耐久性試驗durabilitytest

可靠性試驗reliabilitytest

例行試驗routinetest

特殊試驗specialtest

研究性試驗investigationtest

抽樣試驗samplingtest

模擬試驗analoguetest

機車履歷簿locomotivelogbook

直流電力機車DCelectriclocomotive

單向交流電力機車single-phaseACelectriclocomotive

單相工頻交流電力機車single-phaseindustrialfrequencyACelectriclocomotive

雙電壓制電力機車dualvoltageelectriclocomotive

雙頻率制電力機車dualfrequencyelectriclocomotive

多電流制電力機車multiplesystemelectriclocomotive

硅整流器電力機車siliconrectifierelectriclocomotive

晶閘管整流器電力機車thyristorrectifierelectriclocomotive

經(jīng)閘管變流器電力機車thyristorconverterelectriclocomotive

電動車組electricmultipleunit；motorcoachset；electricmotortrainunit

單相交流電動車組single-phaseindustrialfrequencyACmotortrainunit

地下鐵道電動車組subwaymotortrainunit

電流制currentsystem

直流制DCsystem

單相工頻交流制single-phaseindustrialfrequencyACsystem

單相低頻交流制single-phaselowfrequencyACsystem

受電弓標稱電壓nominalvoltageatpantograph

調(diào)壓方式voltageregulationmode

高壓側(cè)調(diào)壓highvoltageregulation

低壓側(cè)調(diào)壓lowvoltageregulation

分級調(diào)壓steppedvoltageregulation

無級調(diào)壓steplessvoltageregulation

相控調(diào)壓phasecontrol

斬波調(diào)壓choppercontrol

變阻調(diào)壓rheostatriccontrol

整流方式modeofrectification

牽引變流器tractionconvertor

牽引逆變器tractioninvertor

牽引變頻器tractionfrequencyconvertor

可調(diào)牽引變頻器variablefrequencyconvertor

直流斬波器DCchopper

單相橋式整流器single-phasebridgerectifier

三相橋式整流器three-phasebridgerectifier

可控橋式整流器controlledbridgerectifier

對稱半控橋式整流器symmetrichalf-controlledbridgerectifier

非對稱半控橋式整流器asymmetrichalf-controlledbridgerectifier

多段橋[聯(lián)結]bridgesincascade；multirectifierbridge

硅整流裝置siliconrectifierdevice

晶閘管整流裝置thyristorrectifierdevice

勵磁整流裝置excitationrectifierdevice

電力傳動方式modeofelectricdrive

直流傳動DCdrive

交-直流傳動AC-DCdrive

交-直-交流傳動AC-DC-ACdrive

調(diào)速方式modeofspeedcontrol

變壓調(diào)速variablevoltagespeedcontrol

變頻調(diào)速variablefrequencyspeedcontrol

變極調(diào)速polechangingspeedcontrol

車軸驅(qū)動方式modeofaxledrive

彈性齒輪驅(qū)動resilientgeardrive

剛性齒輪驅(qū)動solidgeardrive

單側(cè)減速齒輪驅(qū)動singlereductiongeardrive

雙側(cè)減速齒輪驅(qū)動doublereductiongeardrive

單電動機驅(qū)動monomotordrive

車軸空心軸驅(qū)動quilldrive；hollowaxledrive

電機空心軸驅(qū)動hollowshaftmotordrive

萬向軸驅(qū)動cardanshaftdrive

直接驅(qū)動gearlessdrive；directdrive

獨立驅(qū)動individualdrive

組合驅(qū)動coupledaxledrive

連桿驅(qū)動roddrive

組合傳動機車coupledaxledrivelocomotive

獨立傳動機車individualdrivelocomotive

齒軌傳動機車；齒條傳動機車racklocomotive

牽引電動機供電制式tractionmotorpowersupplysystem

機車集中供電locomotivecentralizedpowersupply

轉(zhuǎn)向架獨立供電bogieindividualpowersupply

電動機獨立供電motorindividualpowersupply

主電路powercircuit；maincircuit

高壓電路highvoltagecircuit；hightensioncircuit

低壓電路lowvoltagecircuit；lowtensioncircuit

網(wǎng)側(cè)電路circuitonsideofoverheadcontactline

牽引電路tractioncircuit

制動電路brakingcircuit

濾波電路filtercircuit

輔助電路auxiliarycircuit

列車供電電路powersupplycircuitfortrain

控制電路controlcircuit

控制電源controlsource

蓄電池電路batterycircuit

指令電路commandcircuit

照明電路lightingcircuit

儀表電路instrumentcircuit

聯(lián)鎖電路interlockingcircuit

信號電路signalcircuit

起動電路startingcircuit

保護電路protectivecircuit

電子控制電路electroniccontrolcircuit

電空制動電路electropneumaticbrakeciucuit；E-Pbrakecircuit

防空轉(zhuǎn)防滑行保護電路anti-slip/slideprotectioncircuit

音頻通訊電路audiocommunicationcircuit

電連接器electriccoupler

自動電連接器electricautomaticcoupler

機車重聯(lián)電連接器multi-locomotiveelectrccoupler

牽引電動機tractionmotor

直流牽引電動機DCtractionmotor

脈流牽引電動機pulsatingcurrenttractionmotor

交流牽引電動機ACtractionmotor

單向交流牽引電動機single-phaseACtractionmotor

三相交流牽引電動機threephaseACtractionmotor

抱軸式牽引電動機axlehungtractionmotor；nosesuspensiontractionmotor

架承式牽引電動機framemountedtractionmotor

轉(zhuǎn)向架架承式牽引電動機bogiemountedtractionmotor

底架架承式牽引電動機underframemountedtractionmotor

串勵電動機seriesexcitedmotor

并勵電動機shuntexcitedmotor

復勵電動機compoundexciedmotor

他勵電動機separatelyexcitedmotor

同步電動機synchronousmotor

異步電動機asynchronousmotor

交流換向器電動機alternatingcurrentcommutatormotor

全封閉式電動機totally-enclosedmotor

通風式電動機ventilatedmotor

自通風式電動機self-ventilatedmotor

強迫通風式電動機forceventilatedmotor

直線電動機；線性電動機linearmotor

直線同步電動機linearsynchronousmotor

直線異步電動機；直線感應電動機linearasynchronousmotor；linearinductionmotor

電動機轉(zhuǎn)速motorspeed

電動機超速runawayspeed

電動機特性motorcharacteristic

電動機轉(zhuǎn)矩；電動機扭矩motortorque

啟動轉(zhuǎn)矩startingtorque

峰值轉(zhuǎn)矩peaktorque

制動轉(zhuǎn)矩brakingtorque

最大輸出功率maximumoutput

啟動電流startingcurrent

峰值電流peakcurrent

標稱電壓nominalvoltage

變壓器電勢transformerEMF

片間平均電壓meanvoltagebetweensegments

片間最高電壓maximumvoltagebetweensegments

滿磁場；全磁場fullfield

消弱磁場weakenedfield

最大磁場maximumfield

最小磁場minimumfield

磁場消弱率fieldweakening

磁場消弱系數(shù)coefficientoffieldweakening

恒功調(diào)速比speedratioonconstantpower

轉(zhuǎn)向器commutator

換向片commutatorsegment

電樞線圈armaturecoil

均壓線equalizer；cablebond

轉(zhuǎn)軸shaft

定子stator

轉(zhuǎn)子rotor

主極鐵心mainpolecore

主極線圈mainpolecoil

換向極鐵心interpolecore

換相極線圈interpolecoil

補償線圈compensatingcoil

機座frame

鑄造機座castframe

焊接機座weldingframe

半疊片機座semi-laminatedframe

全疊片機座full-laminatedframe

電刷裝置brushgear

刷握brush-holder

刷盒brushbox

電刷brush

端蓋endshield

抱軸懸掛裝置suspensionbearing

主發(fā)電機maingenerator

直流主發(fā)電機DCmaingenerator

交流主發(fā)電機mainalternator

輔助發(fā)電機auxiliarygenerator

直流輔助發(fā)電機DCauxiliarygenerator

直流啟動發(fā)電機DCstartinggenerator；dynastarter

直流控制發(fā)電機DCcontrolgenerator

直流勵磁機DCexciter

劈相機Arnoconverter；phasesplitter

輔助電動機auxiliarymotor

直流輔助電動機DCquxiliarymotor

異步輔助電動機asynchronousauxiliarymotor

空壓機電動機aircompressormotor

通風機電動機blowermotor

泵電動機pumpmotor

控制電機controlelectricmachine

伺服電機；伺服馬達servomotor

自整角機synchro

測速發(fā)電機tachogenerator

機車牽引變壓器tractiontransformeroflocomotive

心式牽引變壓器core-typetractiontransformer

殼式牽引變壓器shell-typetractiontransformer

自藕牽引變壓器tractionautotransformer

調(diào)壓牽引變壓器regulatingtractiontransformer

分接牽引變壓器tappedtractiontransformer

油浸式牽引變壓器oil-immersedtypetractiontransformer

整流變壓器rectifiertransformer

電源變壓器supplytransformer

隔離變壓器；絕緣變壓器isolatingtransformer

同步變壓器synchronoustransformer

脈沖變壓器pulsetransformer

控制變壓器controltransformer

信號變壓器signaltransformer

勵磁變壓器excitationtransformer

高壓繞組highvoltagewinding；hightensionwinding

低壓繞組lowvoltagewinding；lowtensionwinding

調(diào)壓繞組regulatingwinding

勵磁繞組excitationwinding

輔助繞組auxiliarywinding

列車供電繞組traincoachsupplywinding

自然循環(huán)naturalcirculation

強迫循環(huán)forcedcirculation

強迫導向循環(huán)forcedguidedcirculation

牽引電抗器tractiontractor

平波電抗器smoothingreactor

過渡電抗器transitionreactor

接地電抗器earthingreactor；groundingreactor

制動電抗器brakingreactor

分流電抗器divertshuntreactor；inductiveshunt

濾波電抗器filterreactor

均流電抗器sharingreactor

限流電抗器inductivereactor；currentlimitingreactor

換相電抗器commutationreactor

起動電阻器staringresistor

制動電阻器brakingresistor

過渡電阻器transistionresistor

分流電阻器divertshuntresistor；shuntingresistor

穩(wěn)定電阻器stabilizingresistor

調(diào)節(jié)電阻器regulatingresistor

制動電阻柜brakingresistorcubicle

制動電阻元件brakingresistorgrid

非線性電阻器non-linearresistor

濾波電容器filtercapacitor

換相電容器commutatingcapacitor

保護電容器protectivecapacitor

起動電容器startingcapacitor

補償電容器compensationcapacitor

主斷路器linecircuit-breaker

真空主斷路器linevacuumcircuit-breaker

空氣主斷路器lineair-blastcircuit-breaker

直流高速斷路器DChighspeedcircuit-breaker

受電器currentcollector

受電弓pantograph

單臂受電弓singlearmpantograph

雙臂受電弓doublearmpantograph

弓頭pantographbow

受電弓滑板pantographpan

弓角pantographhorn

受電弓氣缸pantographcylinder

支持絕緣子supportinginsulator

第三軌受電器conductorrailcollector

受電靴裝置shoegear

集電靴collectorshoe

電磁接觸器electromagneticcontactor

直流接觸器DCcontactor

交流接觸器ACcontactor

電空接觸器electropneumaticcontactor

組合接觸器groupingcontactor

線路接觸器linecontactor

磁場削弱接觸器fieldweakeningcontactor

制動接觸器brakingcontactor

勵磁接觸器excitationcontactor

輔助接觸器auxiliarycontactor

調(diào)壓開關tapchanger

低壓調(diào)壓開關lowvoltagetapchanger；lowtensiontapchanger

高壓調(diào)壓開關highvoltagetapchanger；hightensiontapchanger

位置轉(zhuǎn)換開關positionchangeoverswitch

鼓形位置轉(zhuǎn)換開關drumpositionchangeoverswitch

凸輪位置轉(zhuǎn)換開關campositionchangeoverswitch

牽引-制動位轉(zhuǎn)換開關power/brakechangeoverswitch

反向器reverser

電流制轉(zhuǎn)換開關currentsystemchangeoverswitch

主電路庫用轉(zhuǎn)換開關maincircuittransferswitchforshedsupply

輔助電路庫用轉(zhuǎn)換開關auxiliarycircuittransferswitchforshedsupply

短路器short-circuitingdevice

接地開關earthingswitch

牽引電動機隔離開關tractionmotorisolatingswitch

受電弓隔離開關pantographisolatingswitch

主整流柜隔離開關isolatingswitchformainsiliconrectifiercubicle

劈相機故障隔離開關faultisolatingswitchforphasesplitter

控制電源隔離開關isolatingswitchforcontrolsupply

司機控制器drivercontroller

調(diào)車控制器shuntingcontroller

電空制動控制器E-Pbrakecontroller

按鍵開關buttonswitch；keyswitch

自復式按鍵開關self-resetpush-keyswitch

非自復式按鍵開關non-self-resetpush-keyswitch

主按鍵開關組mainbuttonswitchgroup；mainkeyswitchset

副按鍵開關組secondarypush-keyswitchgroup；secondarykeyswitchset

電磁閥electromagneticvalve

電空閥clectropneumaticvalve

電液閥electro-hydraulicvalve

保護閥protectivevalve

受電弓電空閥pantographvalve

防空轉(zhuǎn)撒沙電空閥anti-slipsandingvalve

防空轉(zhuǎn)防滑行保護裝置anti-slip/slideprotectiondevice

軸重轉(zhuǎn)移補償裝置axleloadtransfercompensationdevice

功率因數(shù)補償裝置powerfactorcompensationdevice

電壓繼電器voltagerelay

電流繼電器currentrelay

時間繼電器timerelay

中間繼電器intermediaterelay

速度繼電器speedrelay

溫度繼電器temperaturerelay

壓力繼電器pressurerelay

欠電壓繼電器under-voltagerelay

過電流繼電器over-currentrelay

轉(zhuǎn)速繼電器tachometricrelay

流速繼電器flowrelay

接地繼電器earthfaultrelay

風壓繼電器airpressurerelay

油壓繼電器oil-pressurerelay

起動繼電器startingrelay

主電路庫用插座maincircuitsocketforshedsupply

輔助電路庫用插座auxiliarycircuitsocketforshedsupply

控制電路庫用插座controlcircuitsocketforshedsupply

重聯(lián)插座multipleunitsocket

印制電路板插座printedcircuitboardsocket

電壓調(diào)整器voltageregulator

溫度調(diào)整器temperatureregulator

位置指示器notchindicator

數(shù)字顯示器digitaldisplay

司機室取暖電爐driver'scabelectricheater

司機室熱風裝置driver'scabairheater

司機室空調(diào)裝置driver'scabairconditioner

電熱玻璃electricheatingglass

電測儀表electricalmeasuringinstrument

牽引電機電壓表tractionmotorvoltmeter

牽引電機電流表tractionmotorammeter

勵磁電流表excitationammeter

網(wǎng)側(cè)電壓表voltmeteronsideofoverheadcontactline；overheadsidevoltmeter

輔助電路電壓表auxiliarycircuitvoltmeter

控制電源電壓表controlsupplyvoltmeter

控制電源電流表controlsupplyammeter

機車速度表locomotivespeedometer

單相電度表single-phasewat-hourmeter

速度記錄儀tachograph

傳感器sensor；transducer

電壓傳感器voltagesensor

電流傳感器currentsensor

壓力傳感器pressuresensor

速度傳感器speedsensor

溫度傳感器temperaturesensor

直流電流互感器DCcurrenttransformer

閥形避雷器valvetypearrester

放電器discharger

輪緣噴油器flangelubricator

接地安全棒earthingpole

接地回流電刷earthreturnbrush

前照燈headlamp；headlight

副前照燈subheadlamp；dimheadlight

標志燈markerlamp

走行部燈bogielamp

車號燈sidenumberplatelamp

路簽燈trainstafflamp

記事燈writinglamp

照明燈illuminatinglamp

指示燈indicatorlamp

風喇叭airhorn

高音風喇叭hightoneairhorn

低音風喇叭lowtoneairhorn

警笛siren

警惕裝置vigilancedevice

機車組裝后的檢查與試驗inspectionandtestoflocomotiveaftercompletionofconstruction

一般性檢查generalinspection

稱重試驗weighingtest

壓縮空氣設備全面的氣密性試驗testforover-allair-tightnessofcompressedairequipments

車體及外部裝備密封試驗testforsealingofbodyandexternalequipment

受電弓試驗pantographtest

介電強度試驗dielectrictest

事故預防措施的檢查checksforpreventionofaccidents

安全設備試驗testonsafetyequipments

蓄電池充電系統(tǒng)試驗checksofbatterycharging-arrangement

通風冷卻試驗testonventilationandcooling

空氣制動試驗testonairbrake

曲線通過實驗curvenegotiationtest

機車振動參數(shù)測試measurementsofvibrationparameters

輔助機組試驗testonauxiliarymachines

機車調(diào)速試驗testonspeedregulation

主電路短路保護系統(tǒng)試驗testonshort-circuitprotectionsystemofmaincircuit

主電路過載保護系統(tǒng)試驗testonoverloadprotectionsystemofmaincircuit

內(nèi)部過電壓試驗testoninternalovervoltage

外部過電試驗testonexternalovervoltage

機車功率試驗locomotive[traction]powertest

機車功率因數(shù)測定measurmentofpowerfactor

機車效率測定measurementofefficiencyoflocomotive

諧波電流百分比測定measurementofpercentageofharmoniccurrent

起動加速試驗startingandaccelerationtest

運行阻力試驗testforrunningresistance

電氣制動試驗electricbrakingtest

濾塵效果試驗testonfilterefficiency

撒沙裝置試驗testonsandinggear

重聯(lián)運行試驗testoncoupledoperation；testonmultiunitoperation

司機室工作條件檢查checkonworkingconditionsinthedriver'scab

機械轉(zhuǎn)動內(nèi)燃機車diesel-mechanicallocomotive

液力傳動內(nèi)燃機車diesel-hydrauliclocomotive

電力傳動內(nèi)燃機車diesel-electriclocomotive

內(nèi)燃動車組dieselcoachset

柴油機dieselengine

二沖程柴油機twostrokedieselengine

四沖程柴油機fourstrokedieselengine

低速柴油機lowspeeddieselengine

中速柴油機mediumspeeddieselengine

高速柴油機highspeeddieselengine

增壓柴油機superchargeddieselengine

廢氣渦輪增壓柴油機turbochargeddieselengine

機械增壓柴油機engine-drivensuperchargeddieselengine

兩級增壓柴油機two-stagesuperchargeddieselengine

復合式柴油機compound-superchargeddieselengine

直列式柴油機straighttypedieselengine；inlinetypedieselengine

對活塞式柴油機opposed-pistontypedieselengine

V型柴油機V-typedieselengine

H型柴油機H-typedieselengine

水冷柴油機water-cooleddieselengine

氣缸直徑cylinderborediameter

曲柄半徑crankradius

活塞行程pistonstroke

行程缸徑比stroke/boreratio

連桿長度lengthofconnectingrod

連桿比connectingrodlength/crankradiusratio

上止點topdeadpoint；upperdeadcenter

下止點bottomdeadpoint；lowerdeadcenter

內(nèi)止點innerdeadpoint；innerdeadcenter

外止點outerdeadpoint；outerdeadcenter

氣缸最大容積maximumstrokevolume

氣缸最小容積minimumstrokevolume

氣缸工作容積strokevolume

總排量totaldisplacement

充量charge

工質(zhì)workingsubstance；medium

工作循環(huán)workingcycle

進氣行程intakestroke

壓縮行程compressionstroke

膨脹行程expansionstroke

排氣行程exhauststroke

配氣相位；配氣定時valvetiming

換氣過程scavengingperiod

掃氣泵掃氣blowerscavenging

掃氣壓力scavengingpressure

進氣溫度intaketemperature

進氣壓力intakepressure

缸蓋出口廢氣溫度exhausttemperatureatcylinderheadoutlet

渦輪入口廢氣溫度exhausttemperatureatturbineinlet

渦輪入廢氣壓力exhaustpressureatturbineinlet

渦輪膨脹比expansionratioofturbine

排氣溫度exhausttemperature

排氣背壓exhaustbackpressure

殘余廢氣residualgas

殘余廢氣系數(shù)coefficientofresidualgas

充量系數(shù)coefficientofcharge

掃氣系數(shù)coefficientofscavenging

過量空氣系數(shù)excessairfactor

空燃比air/fuelratio

掃氣效率scavengingefficiency

壓縮始點壓力compressionbeginningpressure

壓縮終點壓力compressionterminalpressure

壓縮始點溫度compressionbeginningtemperature

壓縮終點溫度compressionterminaltemperature

壓縮多變指數(shù)polytropicindexofcompression

壓縮比compressionratio

有效壓縮比effectivecompressionratio

最高燃燒溫度maximumcombustiontemperature

最高爆發(fā)壓力maximumexplosivepressure；peakpressure；maximumfiringpressure

壓力升高比pressurestep-upratio；rateofpressurerise

膨脹終點溫度expansionterminaltemperature

膨脹終點壓力expansionterminalpressure

膨脹多變指數(shù)polytropicindexofexpansion

放熱規(guī)律lawofheatrelease

熱平衡heatbalance；thermobalance

示功圖indicatordiagram

示功圖豐滿系數(shù)fullnesscoefficientofindicatordiagram

工作過程workingprocess

指示功indicatedwork

指示燃油消耗率indicaredspecificfuelconsumption

有效燃油消耗率effectivespecificfuelconsumption

燃油消耗量fuelconsumption

機油消耗率specificoilconsumption

機油消耗量oilconsumption

空氣消耗量airconsumption

空氣消耗率specificairconsumption

發(fā)火次序firingorder

定時timing

燃燒過程combustionprocess

點火ignition

霧化atomization

噴油速率injectionrate

噴油規(guī)律lawofinjection

噴油持續(xù)角continuousinjectionangle

供油提前角advanceangleoffulesupply

噴油提前角injectionadvanceangle

滯燃期conbustionlaggingperiod；combustingdelayperiod

顯燃期sensiblecombustionperiod

后燃期afterburningperiod

增壓supercharging

增壓壓力superchargingpressure

增壓比superchargingratio

廢氣渦輪增壓exhaustturbocharging

機械增壓engine-drivensupercharging

定壓增壓constantpressurecharging

脈沖增壓pulsecharging

增壓中冷chargeinter-cooling

增壓器出口溫度dischargetemperatureofsupercharger

增壓度degreeofturbocharging；degreeofsupercharging

喘振surge

時間-面積值time-areavalue

直接噴射燃燒室directinjectioncombustionchamber

渦輪室式燃燒室swirlcombustionchamber

預燃室式燃燒室precombustionchamber；pre-chamber

球型燃燒室sphericalcombustionchamber

ω型燃燒室toroidalcombustionchamber

盆形燃燒室bowl[shaped]combustionchamber

擠壓渦流extrudingswirl

進氣渦流intakeswirl

積炭carbondeposit

結膠caking

柴油機爆燃；柴油機工作粗暴enginedetonation

敲缸knock

廢氣凈化exhaustpurification

排氣煙度exhaustsmokedensity

持續(xù)功率continuouspower

修正功率correctedpower

指示功率indicatedpower

有效功率effectivepower

機械損失功率mechanicallosspower

最大功率maximumpower

單缸功率powerpercylinder

升功率volumepower

活塞面積pistonarea

單位活塞面積功率pistonunitareapower

儲備功率reservepower

功率儲備系數(shù)coefficientofreaervepower

平均指示壓力meanindicatedpressure

平均有效壓力meaneffectivepressure

平均機械損失壓力meanmechanicallosspressure

機械效率mechanicialefficiency

指示熱效率indicatedthermalefficiency

有效熱效率usefulthermalefficiency

標稱轉(zhuǎn)速nominalspeed

最低空載穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)速minimumidlingstabilizedspeed

轉(zhuǎn)速波動率rateofspeedfluctuation

瞬時調(diào)速率instantaneousspeedchangerate

活塞平均速度meanpistonspeed

熱負荷thermalload

機械負荷mechanicalload

強化系數(shù)coefficientofintensification

煙度limitofsmoke

柴油機凈重netweightofdieselengine

穴蝕cavitation

竄機油lubricatingoilcarry-over

竄氣vlow-by

拉缸pistonscraping

抱缸pistonseizure

飛車runaway

標準大氣狀況standardatmosphericcondition

環(huán)境溫度ambienttemperature

相對濕度relativehumidity

柴油機特性dieselenginecharacteristic

負荷特性；負載特性loadcharacteristic

速度特性speedcharacteristic

萬有特性universalcharacteristic

調(diào)速特性；外特性；全負荷速度特性speecregulationcharacteristics

空載特性no-loadcharacteristic

臺架試驗standtest；benchtest

磨合running-in

柴油機起動試驗dieselenginestartingtest

各缸均勻性試驗cylinderpowerequalizingtest

最低工作穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)速試驗minimumsteadyspeedtest

最低空載轉(zhuǎn)速試驗minimumno-loadspeedtest

熱平衡試驗heatbalancetest

超負荷試驗over-loadtest

增壓器配機試驗turbochargermatchingtest

機體engineblock；mainframe

氣缸體cylinderblock

曲軸箱crankcase

曲軸箱呼吸器crankcasebreather

柴油機支座enginesupport

油底殼oilpan；oilsump

曲軸箱防爆門explosion-proofdoorofcrankcase

油氣分離器oilseparator

活塞冷卻噴嘴pistoncoolingnozzle

氣缸cylinder

氣缸套cylinderliner

水套waterjacket

掃氣箱scavengingbox

連接箱connectingbox

泵支承箱pumpsupportingbox

主軸承mainbearing

主軸承座mainbearingseat；mainbearinghousing

主軸承蓋mainbearingcap

止推軸承蓋thrustbearingcap

主軸瓦mainbearingshell

止推軸瓦thrustbearingshell

止推環(huán)thrustring

主軸承螺栓mainbearingstud

主軸承螺母mainbearingnut

曲軸crankshaft

主軸頸crankjournal；mainjournal

曲柄銷crankpin

曲柄臂crankarm

曲柄crank

曲軸平衡塊crankshafrcounterbalance

飛輪flywheel

曲軸減振器crankshsftvibrationdamper

硅油減振器siliconoildamper

硅油彈簧減振器siliconspringdamper

擺式減振器pendulumdamper

彈簧式減振器springdamper

活塞piston

整體活塞one-piecepiston

組合compositepiston

活塞體pistonbody

活塞頭pistonhead

活塞裙pistonskirt

活塞襯套pistonbush

活塞環(huán)pistonring

氣環(huán)gasring

油環(huán)oilring

活塞銷pistonpin

連桿connectingrod

連桿體connectingrodbody

連桿襯套connectingrodbush

連桿軸瓦connectingrodbearingshell

連桿蓋connectingrodcap

連桿螺栓connectingrodbolt

連桿螺母connectingrodnut

主連桿mainconnectingrod

副連桿auxiliaryconnectingrod

氣缸蓋cylinderhead

氣缸蓋螺栓cylinderheadstud

氣缸蓋螺母cylinderheadnut

預燃室precombustionchamber

預燃室噴嘴precombustionchambernozzle

示公閥indicatorvalve

氣門valve

進氣門inletvalve

排氣門exhaustvalve

氣門彈簧valvespring

氣門座valveseat

氣門導管valveguide

氣門搖臂valverocker

氣門橫臂valvecrossarm

氣門推桿valvepushrod

氣門挺柱valvetappet

滾輪搖臂rollerrocker

氣門旋轉(zhuǎn)機構valverotatingmechanism

凸輪軸camshaft

進氣凸輪inletcam

排氣凸輪exhaustcam

噴油嘴凸輪injectionpumpcam

曲軸正時齒輪crankshafttiminggear

凸輪軸正時齒輪camshafttiminggear

調(diào)速器驅(qū)動齒輪；調(diào)速器傳動齒輪governordrivegear

噴油泵驅(qū)動齒輪；噴油泵傳動齒輪injectionpumpdrivegear

噴油泵傳動裝置injectionpumptransmissionmechanism

自動噴調(diào)裝置injectiontimer

噴油泵injectionpump

柱塞偶件plungermatchingparts

柱塞plungermatchingparts

柱塞套plungersleeve

出油閥偶件deliveryvalvematchingparts

出油閥deliveryvalve

出油閥座deliveryvalveseat

噴油器fuelinjector

噴油嘴偶件injectornozzlematchingparts

噴油嘴針閥nozzleneedlevalve

噴油嘴針閥體nozzleneedlevalvebody

噴油嘴濾芯injectorfiltercore

高壓油管highpressurefuelpipe

調(diào)速器governor

調(diào)速系統(tǒng)speed-governingsystem

調(diào)速伺服系統(tǒng)speed-governingservomechanism

功率調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)powerregulatingsystem

轉(zhuǎn)速表傳動裝置transmissiongearoftachometer

柴油機轉(zhuǎn)速表dieselenginetachometer

起動加速器startingaccelerator

控制機構controlmechanism

超速停車裝置overspeedtrip

緊急停車裝置emergencystopmechanism

盤車機構barringmechanism；barringgear

滑動式盤車機構slidingtypebarringmechanism

回轉(zhuǎn)式盤車機構rotarytypebarringmechanism

渦輪增壓器turbocharger

壓氣機blower

導風輪inducer

壓氣機葉輪blowerimpeller

廢氣渦輪exhaustturbine

噴嘴環(huán)nozzlering

擴壓器diffuser

中冷器intercooler

進氣管airinletpipe

進氣穩(wěn)壓箱airinletpressurestabilizingchamber

排氣總管exhaustmanifold

排氣支管exhaustbranchpipe

排氣箱exhaustbox

波紋管bellows

消聲器noisesilencer；muffler

掃氣泵scavengingpump

液力傳動hydraulictransmission

單循環(huán)液力傳動single-circuithydraulictransmission

多循環(huán)液力傳動multi-circuithydraulictransmission

液力機械傳動hydromechanicaldrive

單流液力機械傳動hydromechanicaldrivewithinnerramification

雙流液力機械傳動gydromechanicaldrivewithouterramification

混合液力機械傳動hydromechanicaldrivewithdierctstep

液力傳動系統(tǒng)hydraulictransmissionsystem

液力傳動箱hydraulictransmissiongearbox

液力轉(zhuǎn)向傳動箱hydrodynamicreverser

主彈性聯(lián)軸節(jié)mainelasticcoupling

中間齒輪箱intermediategearbox

車軸齒輪箱axlegearbox

起動變扭器；起動變矩器startingtorqueconverter

運轉(zhuǎn)變扭器；運轉(zhuǎn)變矩器runningtorqueconverter

液力循環(huán)元件hydraulicunit

液力偶合器hydrauliccoupler

液力制動器hydraulicbrake

液力變扭器；液力變矩器hydraulictorqueconverter

變扭比；變矩比torqueratio

泵輪pumpimpeller

渦輪turbine

導輪guidewheel

工作輪bladewheel

輸入軸inputshaft

變扭器軸；變矩器軸torqueconvertershaft

輸出軸outputshaft

換向軸reversingshaft

供油泵oilfeedpump

換擋changeovergovernor

液力制動閥hydrodynamicbrakevalve

液力制動操縱閥hydrodynamicbrakeoperatingvalve

充量限制閥fillinglimitingvalve

閘板閥gatevalve

閘板轉(zhuǎn)換閥gatechange-overvalve

換向限止閥standstilldetectorvalve

溫度調(diào)節(jié)閥temperatureregulatingvalve

控制閥controlpump

惰行閥idlerunningpump

冷卻水泵coolingwaterpump

膨脹水箱expansiontank；expansiondrum

散熱器radiator

冷卻風扇coolingfan

預熱鍋爐preheatingboiler

燃油輸送泵fuelfeedpump

燃油粗濾器fuelprefilter

燃油精濾器fuelprecisionfilter

機油泵lubricatingoilpump

起動機油泵startinglubricatingoilpump

輔助機油泵auxiliarylubricatingoilpump

高壓機油泵highpressurelubricatingoilpump

機油濾清器lubricatingoilfilter

機油粗濾器lubricatingprefilter

離心式機油濾清器centrifugaloilfilter

增壓器機油濾清器oilprecisionfilterforturbocharger

機油熱交換器lubricatingoilheatexchanger

油浴式空氣濾清器oilbathairfilter

鋼板網(wǎng)式空氣濾清器steelsheetmeshtypeairfilter

旋風筒式空氣濾清器cyclonetypeairfilter

磨擦離合器frictionclutch

離合器操縱裝置clutchoperatingdevice

靜液壓泵hydrostaticpump

靜液壓馬達hydrostaticmotor

安全閥safetyvalve

百葉窗油缸oilcylinderofshutter

車架frame

機車牽引梁drawbeam

前窗frontwindow

側(cè)窗sidewindow

司機座椅driver'schair

動力室powerroom

冷卻室coolingroom

電器室electricapparatusroom

內(nèi)走廊；通道insidecorridor；gangway

外走廊outsidecorridor；runningboard

排障器pilot；lifeguard

路簽授受器staffexchanger；tabletexchanger

刮雨器windshieldwiper；windscreenwiper

遮陽板sun-shield

燃油箱fueltank

油位表fuellevelgage

油尺fueldipstick

軸箱軸承axleboxbearing

軸端軸承axleendbearing

抱軸軸承axlehungbearing；suspensionbearing

抱軸瓦axlesuspensionbush

傳動齒輪transmissiongear

主動齒輪drivinggear

從動齒輪drivengear

牽引裝置drawgear

索引桿drawbar

燃煤機車coalfiredlocomotive

煤粉機車pulverizedcoallocomotive；finecoallocomotive

煤氣機車gasfiredlocomotive

單脹式蒸汽機車singleexpansionsteamlocomotive

復脹式蒸汽機