2025年外研版高二英語寒假復(fù)習(xí)：核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)+題型練習(xí)（選擇性必修二）復(fù)習(xí)-解析版

專題06核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)和題型訓(xùn)練（選擇性必修二）復(fù)習(xí)

T模塊導(dǎo)航A

考點(diǎn)聚焦：核心考點(diǎn)+小考考點(diǎn)，有的放矢

重點(diǎn)速記：知識(shí)點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)梳理，查漏補(bǔ)缺

難點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化：難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容標(biāo)注與講解，能力提升

學(xué)以致用：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破

6考點(diǎn)聚焦------------------

i.核心詞匯

2.必背短語

3.重點(diǎn)句式

4.題型訓(xùn)練

<?重點(diǎn)專攻------------------

核心詞匯

1.legaladj.合法的，法律的

2.instantlyadv.立即，馬上conj...........就....

3.gradualadj.逐漸的，逐步的

4.approvev.贊成，同意，批準(zhǔn)

5.steadyadj.穩(wěn)定的，持續(xù)的

6.commitmentn.投入，花費(fèi)；承諾

7.suitableadj.合適的

8.variedadj,各種各樣的

9.digestv.消化

10.consequencen.后果

11.conclusionn.結(jié)論

12.switchv.改變，轉(zhuǎn)換

13.motivatev.激發(fā)；激勵(lì)

14.occupyv.占用，占去

15.appropriateadj.恰當(dāng)?shù)?；合適的

16.considerateadj.替他人著想的；關(guān)切的，體貼的

17.promotev.促進(jìn)，增進(jìn)；晉升，提升

18.equipv.使有知識(shí)和技能，使能夠勝任；裝備，配備

19.sympathyn.同情

20.competev.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

21.expandv.擴(kuò)大；增加

22.intendv.計(jì)劃，打算

23.accessn.接觸的機(jī)會(huì)；使用權(quán)

24.convincev.使信服；說服

25.assistv.協(xié)助，幫助

26.vitaladj.極其重要的

27.relievev,給（某人）換班；減輕，緩解

28.devotev.獻(xiàn)身；致力；把……用于

29.minorityn.少數(shù)派；少數(shù)

30.appetiten.胃口，食欲；欲望，喜愛

31.decreasev.使變小，使減少

32.explodev.突然增加；爆炸

33.owev.應(yīng)該做；欠；歸功于

34.comparisonn.比較

35.rarelyadv.很少，難得

【考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)】

單詞拼寫

1.Therehasbeenaclose（聯(lián)系；紐帶）betweenthemeversincehesavedtheboyfromdrowning.

2.Bothofushadthequalitiesand（美德）thataretypicalofAmericanactors.

3.Ifyoudrivethiscarwithouta（n）（執(zhí)照）,you'llhavetoanswerfortheconsequences.

4.The（工資）duetohimwillbepaidtomorrow.

5.Aterribleaccidenthappenedatthecrossingandan（救護(hù)車）rushedtheinjuredtothehospital.

6.HavingspentthepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmore（成熟的）than

thoseofherage.

7.ThefirstarticleIwrotewasa（概況）ofthechemistryprofessor-theonewhowasnamedTeacherof

theYear.

8.Ifyouwanttocontributetoournewspaper,pleasesendmeyourarticlebeforethe（截止日期）.

9.Youshouldmakeanapologytosomeoneyouhurtata（n）（合適的）time.

10.Weshouldn*tsacrificeenvironmentalprotectionto（促進(jìn)）economicgrowth.

11.Thereisnodoubtthatglobalwarmingisa（n）（安全）threattousall.

12.Shefoundithardtokeepbothendsmeet,sothehostessdecidedtocutbackondaily（必需品）.

13.Overthepastfew（十年），thecountryhasachievedfasteconomicgrowth.

14.Hemadearude（手勢(shì)）atthedriveroftheothercar.

15.Afterrenovationand（重建）theoldporthaschangedbeyondrecognition.

16.Thefactory,whichisreportedinthelocalnewspapers,willinsiston（改革）thepresentsystemwhich

hassloweditsdevelopment.

17.Local（倡議）tohelpyoungpeoplehavebeeninadequate.

18.Thisprovideda（堅(jiān)實(shí)的）foundationfortheirmarriage.

19.Trustisavital（組成部分）inanyrelationship.

20.Scientistscontinuetopushbackthe（邊界）ofhumanknowledge.

21.（數(shù)據(jù)）showthattheaveragenumberofbirthsperwomanhasfallenfrom4.9intheearly1960sto

2.5nowadays.

22.Anapcanleaveyoufeelingrefreshedandmorereadyto（處理）thetaskathand.

23.Wearea（少數(shù)）andmustconvincepeopleofthejusticeofourcause.

24.Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreateda（/口i皆的）atmosphere.

25.Hehadtoenduresixmonths*lossof（自由）.

26.Ourincomehasgotsmaller,sowemustbe（實(shí)際的）andsellourcar.

27.Shehashadtocopewithlosingallherprevious（地位）andmoney.

28.1cangiveyouarough（估計(jì)）oftheamountofwoodyouwillneed.

29.Howimportantitistohaveself-esteem!Self-awarenessplaysa（極其重要的）partofbuildingyour

selfesteem.

30.Theyarecautiously（樂觀的）thatthereformswilltakeplace.

【答案】

1.bond2.virtues3.licence4.wages5.ambulance6.mature7.profile8.deadline

9.appropriate10.promote11.security12.necessities13.decades14.gesture15.reconstruction

16.reforming17.initiatives18.solid19.component20.boundaries21.Statistics22.tackle

23.minority24.harmonious25.liberty26.realistic27.status28.estimate29.crucial30.optimistic

必背短語

1.haveasay有發(fā)言權(quán)

2.inchargeof掌管，負(fù)責(zé)

3.behindthewheel在駕駛汽車

4.wasobsessedwith沉迷于

5.berelatedto與...相關(guān)

6.inthelongterm從長遠(yuǎn)來看

7.intheactof正在做..時(shí)

8.switchon打開

9.layaside把……擱置一邊；留存

10.devoteoneselfto致力于，獻(xiàn)身于

11.beconcernedwith關(guān)心；與..有關(guān)

12.careabout關(guān)心；擔(dān)心；在乎

13.pickup撿起，拿起

14.beupto正在做；忙于

15.relyon/upon依賴，依靠；信賴，信任

16.abunchof一群

17.throwinthetowel認(rèn)輸

18.takeup占用；占據(jù)

19.putoff推遲，延期

20.intendtodosth.打算做某事

21.dropin順便拜訪，臨時(shí)拜訪

22.takeover接管，接任

23.popup突然出現(xiàn)

24.infavourof支持，贊成

25.takechances冒險(xiǎn)

26.put...atrisk使..處境危險(xiǎn)

27.inmemoryof為了紀(jì)念...

28.lookto指望，依賴；期待，展望

29.bringforth使產(chǎn)生，使出現(xiàn)；生產(chǎn)

30.with...inmind考慮到

31.breakdown分解；出故障；失?。唬ㄉ眢w）垮掉

32.takein吸收；理解

33.add...to…把...力口至I」....中

34.inone9sway擋住某人的去路；妨礙某人

35.havenochoicebuttodo除了做..之外別無選擇

36.underconstruction在建設(shè)中

37.fitinwith適應(yīng),與...一致

38.getridof擺脫，除去，消除

39.wipeout徹底摧毀，消滅

40.consistof由...組成

【考點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)】

根據(jù)語境及漢語提示填入合適的短語

1.Willyoubecompletely（掌控）yourownlifeandabletoexpressyourselfinnewandexciting

ways?

2.Surely,ifyou'reoldenoughtoearnawageandpaytaxes,youshouldbeallowedto（有發(fā)言權(quán)）on

howthegovernmentspendsthem!

3.Mymumworriesaboutmebeing（在駕駛汽車）.

4.Asayoungboy,he（沉迷于）aeroplanes,ridinginoneforthefirsttimeattheageof12.

5.Itwasapictureofaboaconstrictor（正在做...時(shí)）swallowingananimal.

6.Withthedetoxnowfinished,they*ve（打開）theirdevicesandthey'rebackonline.

7.PmembarrassedtosaythatI（認(rèn)輸）onthefirstday!

8.Recentheadlineshaveseenmoreandmoreteens（刷爆）theirparents*creditcardsongamesor

otheronlineactivities.

9.Althoughthiscouldlikewiseinvolve（儲(chǔ)存）moneyforyouruniversityeducation,italso

meansinvestinginyourself.

10.Thebookstore,whichwasalegendaryfixtureintheneighborhood,wasaplacewhereanyonecould

（順便訪問）andconnectthroughtheirloveofbooks.

11.（一群）uskidswouldfrequentlydropbythestoreafterschool.

12.ThecampaignhadbeenledbyJenniferOakley,asaleswomanwhohadgrownupintheneighborhoodandwho

hadnow（接管）thebookstorefromCasey.

13.IjoinedCasey,whowaslookingupatthescreenonwhichreaders*commentskept（突然出

現(xiàn)）.

14.IknewIwas（讓...處于危險(xiǎn)中）,butIthought,“IfIdontdoit,whowill?”

15.ThemanwasAbrahamLincoln,PresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,andhewasthere

（為紀(jì)念...）thesoldierswhohaddied.

16.Hisspeechgavethemhope,beliefandareasonto（指望）thefuture.

17.Today,foxescanbeseenalloverLondon一oneevenbeingfoundlivingonthe72ndflooroftheShardbuilding

whenitwas（在建造中）！

18.Someanimalshaveevenchangedtheirlivinghabitsto（適應(yīng)）theirnewhomes.

19.Inthe1960sand1970s,thegreatestfearwasthatthehumanrace,andpossiblyalladvancedlifeformsonthe

planet,couldbe（徹底摧毀，消滅）bynuclearmissilesjustatthepushofabutton.

20.It（由...組成）aclosedspaceinwhichpeople,animalsandplantscouldlivetogether.

【答案】

1.inchargeof2.haveasay3.behindthewheel4.wasobsessedwith5.intheactof

6.switchedon7.threwinthetowel8.maxingout9.puttingaside10.dropin11.Abunchof12.takenover

13.poppingup14.puttingmylifeatrisk15.inmemoryof16.lookto17.underconstruction18.fitin

with19.wipedout20.consistedof

重點(diǎn)句式

1.asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句

教材原句

Iexpectedtofeelinstantlydifferent,asifIhadclosedthedooronmychildhoodandsteppedintoawholenew

adultworld.

我曾經(jīng)期待馬上會(huì)有不一樣的感覺，就好像自己關(guān)閉了童年的大門，踏進(jìn)一個(gè)全新的成人世界。

句式仿寫

HeactedasifinEnglandbefore.

他的舉動(dòng)就好像他之前從未在英國生活過一樣。

2.nowthat既然，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句

教材原句

YouaskedifIhavebeenthinkingalotaboutthefuturenowthatI'm17.

你問我既然17歲了，是否一直對(duì)未來思考很多。

句式仿寫

whatweareupagainst,howdowemoveforward?

既然我們知道面對(duì)的問題是什么，那么我們應(yīng)當(dāng)如何向前推進(jìn)？

3.疑問詞+不定式

課本原句

Ithelpedstudentslearnhowtobestcommunicateusingsocialmedia.

它幫助學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)如何最好地使用社交媒體進(jìn)行交流。

句式仿寫

Ishouldbeinstructed.

應(yīng)當(dāng)通知我出發(fā)的時(shí)間。

4.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣

教材原句

Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadtogiveupsocialmediaforaweek?

如果你不得不放棄使用社交媒體一周，你會(huì)做什么？

句式仿寫

IfIhadmoretime,.

如果我有更多時(shí)間，我會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言。

5.theway+定語從句

教材原句

TounderstandhowpeoplefeelaboutthewaylifehaschangedinShenzhenthiscentury.

了解人們對(duì)本世紀(jì)深圳生活方式變化的感受。

句式仿寫

Shewaspleasedwiththewayhercriticism.

她對(duì)他接受她的批評(píng)的方式感到高興。

6.過去分詞短語作后置定語

教材原句

Itisanindependent,non-profitorganizationwhosemissionistoprovidemedicalcaretothoseaffectedbyconflict,

epidemics,disastersoralackofaccesstohealthcare.

它是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的非盈利組織，其使命是為那些受到?jīng)_突、流行病、災(zāi)難影響或缺乏醫(yī)療看保健的人提供醫(yī)

療服務(wù)。

句式仿寫

Theplantheprojectisunderdiscussion.

與該項(xiàng)目相關(guān)的計(jì)劃正在討論中。

7.否定詞位于句首引起的部分倒裝

課本原句

Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephant

seals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.

句式仿寫

Northekindoflifehehadalwaysdreamtabout.

他也沒有讓疾病阻止他過上夢(mèng)想中的生活。

8.nomatter+疑問詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句

課本原句

Nomatterhowmanycrimeshecommitted,thepolicewerepowerlesstoarresthim.

不論他犯罪多少次，警方都無法抓捕到他。

句式仿寫

theInternetis,weshouldn'tbeseparatedfromourlovedones.

無論互聯(lián)網(wǎng)多么有吸引力，我們都不應(yīng)該與我們所愛的人分開。

9.asif引導(dǎo)表語從句

課本原句

WithfoxesinLondon,mountainlionsinSanFranciscoandwildpigsinHongKong,itisalmostasifourcitiesare

beingtakenoverbywildanimals.

倫敦出現(xiàn)了狐貍，舊金山出現(xiàn)了美洲獅，香港出現(xiàn)了野豬，我們的城市就像是被野生動(dòng)物給占領(lǐng)了。

句式仿寫

Itlooks,soyoumightneedtobringanumbrella.

看起來要下雨了，所以你可能要帶把傘。

10.不定式短語作表語

課本原句

Oneoptionistoexploreotherplanetstoseeifwecouldliveonthem.

一種選擇是探索其他星球，看看我們能否在上面生活。

句式仿寫

Thepurposeofeducationisinchildren.

教育的目的是發(fā)展兒童好的品格。

【答案】

1.hehadneverlived

2.Nowthatweknow

3.whentostart

4.Iwouldlearnanewlanguage

5.(that/inwhich)hehadaccepted

6.relatedto

7.didheletthediseasestophimfromliving

8.Nomatterhowattractive

9.asififsgoingtorain

10.todevelopafinepersonality

題型訓(xùn)I練

一、閱讀理解

A

Drone(無人機(jī))lightshowsarebecomingespeciallypopularintheWest.Bynow,ifyouliveontheU.S.

EastorWestCoasts,you'veprobablybeentroubledbywildfiresmoke.Thefiresareincreasinginfrequencyand

intensityasclimatechangeworsens.Andfireworks,asyoucanguessfromtheirname,causefires-morethan

youmightthink.

ThafswhatcausedahandfulofCaliforniatownstoquitfireworksandturntodroneslastyear.Sydney,

Australia,knownforitsmassivefireworksdisplay,isconsideringdoingthesameduetotheriskofwildfires.And

firedangerisnowtopofmindformanyU.S.citiesastheIndependenceDay,ortheAmericannationalday,nears.

Inadditiontoreducingtheriskoffires,dronelightshowspresentasaferalternativeforthefolksbehindthe

curtain.Fireworksinjuredmorethan10,000peoplelastyearbecausetheycanaccidentallyeruptwhileonthe

ground.Droneswon't.Andsincelightshowsarerequiredtokeepthegroundbelowtheshowclear,there'snorisk

ofadronefallingfromtheskyintothecrowd.

Dronesarealsolessdisturbing,creatingonlyalightbuzzingnoise.Fireworks,ontheotherhand,canburst

youreardrumifyou'restandingcloseenough.Thafsanuisanceforsomefamilieswithanimals,smallchildren,or

otherpeoplewhoaresensitivetonoise.

Butperhapsthebiggestreasonfortheswitchtodronesisthatthey9rethoughttobegreener.Besidesstarting

fires,fireworksmokeleavesbehindatrailofharmfulchemicalsandisconsideredapollutant.Dronesarealsoa

reusableoption,capableofflyingpotentiallyhundredsofshowsbeforetheyevenrequiremaintenance.Thafsa

hugebenefittotheenvironment-andtothecompaniespayingtoputontheseperformances.

Attheendoftheday,though,somecitiesarelikelyswitchingtodronessimplybecausethey'recooler.

Thafsnottosaythatfireworksaren'tcool.Butdronesallowformorecreativity,withtheabilitytosynchronize（同

步）lightstomusicandrecreatecompleximagesinthesky.

Nevertheless,ifsstilltooearlytorushtotheconclusionthatdroneswillcompletelytaketheplaceof

fireworksinthenearfuture.

1.Whyarefireworksgivenupinsometowns?

A.Theyaretooexpensive.B.Theybringalongfirerisks.

C.Theyspeedupclimatechange.D.Theyarenotcoolanymore.

2.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph3?

A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.

C.Bygivingadefinition.D.Byreferringtodatafrompreviousstudies.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nuisance“inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Reward.B.Attraction.C.Instance.D.Annoyance.

4.Whatwilltheauthorprobablycontinuetotalkabout?

A.Thepotentialchallengesdroneswillface.

B.Thesimilaritiessharedbydronesandfireworks.

C.Theimportanceofdronesinpromotingeconomy.

D.Thestrongcompetitionfromcompaniesindifferentindustries.

【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了無人機(jī)燈光秀在西方越來越受歡迎，分析了其受歡迎的原因，

包括減少火災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、更安全、噪音小、更環(huán)保以及更具創(chuàng)意等，同時(shí)也指出目前還不能得出無人機(jī)將完全

取代煙花的結(jié)論。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Andfireworks,asyoucanguessfromtheirname,causefiresmorethanyou

mightthink.（煙花，正如你從它的名字可以猜到的那樣，會(huì)引起火災(zāi)——比你想象的要多）”和第二段中“That飛

whatcausedahandfulofCaliforniatownstoquitfireworksandturntodroneslastyear.Sydney,Australia,known

foritsmassivefireworksdisplay,isconsideringdoingthesameduetotheriskofwildfires.（這就是去年力口州一些

城鎮(zhèn)放棄煙花轉(zhuǎn)向無人機(jī)的原因。澳大利亞的悉尼以其大規(guī)模的煙花表演而聞名，由于野火的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，正在

考慮也這樣做）”可知，一些城鎮(zhèn)放棄煙花是因?yàn)樗鼈儠?huì)帶來火災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，尤其是“Inadditiontoreducingtheriskoffires,dronelightshowspresenta

saferalternativeforthefolksbehindthecurtain.Fireworksinjuredmorethan10,000peoplelastyearbecausethey

canaccidentallyeruptwhileontheground.Droneswon't.（除了降低火災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)外，無人機(jī)燈光秀還為幕后人員提

供了一個(gè)更安全的替代方案。去年，煙花造成10000多人受傷，因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡軙?huì)在地面上意外爆炸。無人

機(jī)則不會(huì)）”可知，本段通過對(duì)比煙花和無人機(jī)燈光秀在安全性方面的差異，來說明無人機(jī)燈光秀的優(yōu)勢(shì)。由

此推知，作者是通過對(duì)比的方式來展開第三段的。故選A項(xiàng)。

3.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Fireworks,ontheotherhand,canburstyoureardrumifyou5restandingclose

enough.（另一方面，如果你站得足夠近，煙花可能會(huì)震破你的耳膜）”以及后文“forsomefamilieswithanimals,

smallchildren,orotherpeoplewhoaresensitivetonoise（對(duì)于一些有動(dòng)物、小孩或?qū)υ胍裘舾械娜藖碚f）“可知，

煙花的噪音對(duì)于一些人來說是令人煩惱的。畫線詞“nuisance”意思是“令人煩惱的事物"，與Annoyance同義。

故選D項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Nevertheless,ifsstilltooearlytorushtotheconclusionthatdroneswill

completelytaketheplaceoffireworksinthenearfixture.（然而，現(xiàn)在就急于得出無人機(jī)將在不久的將來完全取

代煙花的結(jié)論還為時(shí)過早）”可知，作者認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在還不能得出無人機(jī)將完全取代煙花的結(jié)論，由此推知，接下

來作者可能會(huì)繼續(xù)談?wù)摕o人機(jī)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

Oneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundincircles,crashwiththings,

andjumpinpuddles-notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.

Andthafsexactlyhowpsychologistsdefineplay:asaself^directed,intrinsically（內(nèi)在地）motivatedactivity

withnopurposeoutsidetheactivityitself.Playiswhatwedojustforthejoyofit.

Inchildren,playisseenasnormalandnatural,andasapowerfulwaytolearn.Butaswegrowup,wecome

toseeplayasunnecessary.Wemayfaultourselvesforplayingwhenwecouldbegettingthingsdone.Atbest,we

seeplayasrewardforalongday'swork,ameanstoupliftourselvesorawaytorelaxbeforedivingbackintothe

troublesofoureverydaylives.

Butplayisn'tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantfor

workingproductivity.Playisabasicemotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.

Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjobsatisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playprepares

ustotackletheunexpectedbybroadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnew

challenges.

Whatseparatesplayfromreallifeisthelackofrisks.Playprovidesasafeenvironmenttolearncognitive（認(rèn)

知的）,motorandsocialskillsandtomakemistakeswithoutseriousconsequences.Whenasoldieronthe

battlefieldtriestoavoidenemyfire,itmaycausethempsychologicaldamagebecausetheirlifeisontheline.Butif

youdothesamemovementinagame,you'reprobablyhavingagoodtime.

Likeotherbasicdrivessuchaseating,playispleasurable.Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?The

mostpossiblescientificexplanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldis

unpredictable,andtosurvive,weneedtoadapttonewsituations.Playisawayofexperimentingwithvarious

combinationstoseewhatworksanddevelopingflexibleresponsestounforeseenevents.We'renotbomwithan

understandingofhowtheworldworks.Playishowwefigureitout.

5.Whatisthemotivationforchildrentoplay?

A.Thepurejoyofplayingitself.

B.Theirkeeninterestineverything.

C.Theirdesiretochallengethemselves.

D.Theworkingproductivitytheyreceiveformplaying.

6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"letoffsteam^^inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Getfreshexperience.B.Bravethedifficulties.

C.Relievenegativeemotions.D.Becomepowerfulgradually.

7.Whatistheevolutionarypurposeofplay?

A.Toimproveadults'creativity.B.Toprepareusfortheunknownfuture.

C.Tohelpwiththepsychologicaldamage.D.Toboostchildren'scognitivedevelopment.

8.Whatcanwelearnaboutplayfromthispassage?

A.Playcomestobethebestsourceofentertainment.

B.Playpromotescreativityandexplorationinusall.

C.Playserveslittlepracticalpurposeinevolution.

D.Playbenefitspersonallivesinnumerousways.

【答案】5.A6.C7.B8.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。研究表明玩耍時(shí)間可以讓我們更好地準(zhǔn)備面對(duì)意想不到的事情和解決問題。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Oneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundin

circles,crashwiththings,andjumpinpuddles-notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.（孩子

們玩耍的動(dòng)機(jī)是什么孩子的一個(gè)顯著特征是他們喜歡玩耍。他們繞著圈跑，撞到東西，在水坑里跳——沒

有任何目的，只是為了好玩。廠可知，孩子們玩耍的動(dòng)機(jī)是游戲本身的純粹樂趣。故選A。

6.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“Butplayisn'tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.（但玩耍不僅僅是一種let

offsteam和減壓的方式。）“可知，and前后并列的意思相近，reducestress"減少壓力”，意思就是relievenegative

emotions.表示“緩解負(fù)面情緒”。故選C。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?Themostpossiblescientific

explanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldisunpredictable,andtosurvive,we

needtoadapttonewsituations.（但是它的進(jìn)化目的是什么呢？最可能的科學(xué)解釋是，玩耍教會(huì)我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)

意外情況。世界是不可預(yù)測(cè)的，為了生存，我們需要適應(yīng)新的情況。）”可知，游戲的進(jìn)化目的讓我們?yōu)槲粗?/p>

的未來做好準(zhǔn)備。故選B。

8.推理判斷題o根據(jù)第四段“Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantforworkingproductivity.Playisabasic

emotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjob

satisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playpreparesustotackletheunexpectedby

broadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnewchallenges.（在一天中安排娛樂

時(shí)間對(duì)提高工作效率很重要。游戲是一種基本的情感系統(tǒng)，在兒童發(fā)展和成人創(chuàng)造力中都是必不可少的。

研究還表明，它能提高工作滿意度、智謀和創(chuàng)新能力。更重要的是，當(dāng)你面對(duì)新的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，游戲可以拓寬

你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，讓我們準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)對(duì)意想不到的事情。）”可知，游戲可以通過多種方式有益于個(gè)人生活。故選D。

二、七選五

Alargenumberofpeoplestartexperiencingstronglonelinessinthefewmonthfollowingtheirgraduation.

Manypeoplemistakenlythinkthatlonelinesscanbeendedbyhavingmorefriendsorbymeetingnewpeople.

1Sowhatcauseslonelinessandwhydosomanypeopleexperienceitrightaftergraduation?

2Someofthemaincharacteristicsofacloserelationshiparecommoninterests,opennessand

commonlifechallenges.Duringcollegeorhighschoolyears,mostofthepeopleinagroupwillhavethesame

problem,sotheycantalkabouttheircommonproblems,thinktogetherofsolutionsandevenhelpeachothergo

throughthem.3

However,aftergraduationeachpersonusuallytakesadifferentpathandfindshimselffightinghisown

uniquebattle.Problemsbecomenolongercommonbetweenthesamegroupofpeoplebecauseeachofthem

developshisownspecialones.Friendscanbecomelessconnectedtoeachotherwheneachoneofthemlivesa

differentlife.4

Insuchacasetwothingscanbedone.Youcaneithershareyournewproblemswithyouroldfriendsand

makesureyoulistentotheirsoryoucanmakemorefriendsatyournewjobtosharewiththemwhat'sgoingonin

yournewstageoflife.5Whenyoudoso,sticktothem,shareyourproblemswiththemandyouwill

neverfeellonely.

A.Whathappenstothesamegroupaftergraduation?

B.Lonelinesscanneverappearinsuchanenvironment.

C.Thisgraduallyreducesclosenessandpromotesloneliness.

D.Infact,apersonwithquietafewfriendscanstillfeellonely.

E.Lonelinesshappenswhenyoudon'thavecloserelationships.

F.Thekeyistofindpeoplewhoarefightingthesamebattleasyou.

G.Howlongitlastsreliesonwhatactionsyouwilltakeduringthatperiod.

【答案】1.D2.E3.A4.C5.F

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了人們?cè)诋厴I(yè)后常常會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)的原因，并給出了應(yīng)對(duì)建議。

1.上文“Manypeoplemistakenlythinkthatlonelinesscanbeendedbyhavingmorefriendsorbymeetingnew

peopled很多人錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為，多交朋友或結(jié)識(shí)新朋友可以消除孤獨(dú)感）”提出人們對(duì)于消除孤獨(dú)感的普遍錯(cuò)誤

看法，D選項(xiàng)“Infact,apersonwithquietafewfriendscanstillfbellonely.（事實(shí)上，一個(gè)有相當(dāng)多朋友的人仍

然會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)）”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，給出正確觀點(diǎn)，指出即使有很多朋友，人們?nèi)匀豢赡軙?huì)感到孤獨(dú)，從

而引出下文對(duì)孤獨(dú)原因和應(yīng)對(duì)方法的探討。故選D項(xiàng)。

2.下文“Someofthemaincharacteristicsofacloserelationshiparecommoninterests,opennessandcommonlife

challenges.（親密關(guān)系的主要特征包括共同的興趣、開放性和共同的生活挑戰(zhàn)）”開始闡述親密關(guān)系的特點(diǎn)，E

選項(xiàng)“Lonelinesshappenswhenyoudon'thavecloserelationships4當(dāng)你沒有親密關(guān)系時(shí)，孤獨(dú)就會(huì)發(fā)生）“引出

下文主題，即孤獨(dú)與缺乏親密關(guān)系有關(guān)，上下文語意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。

3.上文“Duringcollegeorhighschoolyears,mostofthepeopleinagroupwillhavethesameproblem,sotheycan

talkabouttheircommonproblems,thinktogetherofsolutionsandevenhelpeachothergothroughthem.（在大學(xué)或

高中時(shí)期，一個(gè)群體中的大多數(shù)人都會(huì)有同樣的問題，所以他們可以談?wù)撍麄兊墓餐瑔栴}，一起思考解決

方案，甚至互相幫助度過難關(guān)）”描述了在校期間人們因?yàn)楣餐瑔栴}而緊密相連的情況，A選項(xiàng)“Whathappens

tothesamegroupaftergraduation?（同樣的一群人在畢業(yè)后會(huì)怎樣呢？）“承接上文，引出下一段中“However,

aftergraduationeachpersonusuallytakesadifferentpathandfindshimselffightinghisownuniquebattle.（然而，

畢業(yè)后每個(gè)人通常會(huì)走上不同的道路，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在進(jìn)行著一場(chǎng)獨(dú)特的戰(zhàn)斗）”對(duì)畢業(yè)后人們關(guān)系變化的分析，

上下文語意連貫。故選A項(xiàng)。

4.上文“Friendscanbecomelessconnectedtoeachotherwheneachoneofthemlivesadifferentlifb.（當(dāng)每個(gè)人過

著不同的生活時(shí)，朋友之間的聯(lián)系就會(huì)減少）”指出畢業(yè)后朋友之間聯(lián)系減少的現(xiàn)象，C選項(xiàng)“Thisgradually

reducesclosenessandpromotesloneliness.（這逐漸減少了親密感，促進(jìn)了孤獨(dú)感）“進(jìn)一步解釋這一現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致的

后果，即親密感的減少和孤獨(dú)感的增加，且句中指示代詞"This"指代上文"becomelessconnectedtoeachother”

這一情況。故選C項(xiàng)。

5.上文“Youcaneithershareyournewproblemswithyouroldfriendsandmakesureyoulistentotheirsoryoucan

makemorefriendsatyournewjobtosharewiththemwhafsgoingoninyournewstageoflifb.（你可以和你的老

朋友分享你的新問題，并確保你傾聽他們的問題，或者你可以在新工作中結(jié)交更多朋友，與他們分享你新

生活階段的情況）”提出了兩種應(yīng)對(duì)孤獨(dú)的方法，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Thekeyistofindpeoplewhoarefightingthesame

battleasyou.（關(guān)鍵是要找到和你打著同樣“仗”的人）”總結(jié)上文，指出無論是與老朋友還是新朋友分享，關(guān)鍵

在于找到有共同經(jīng)歷或挑戰(zhàn)的人。故選F項(xiàng)。

三、完形填空

MasonBranstratorhasalwaysbeenanathlete,butthreeyearsago,atjust17yearsold,hisactive1

changedforever.

“Iwasgoingforacommondayofdownhillskiing,butthistime,itwasalotdifferent,Mason,an

experiencedskier,toldCBSNews."IrememberthinkingrightasIleftthejump,Tmgoingalittlefast/Andthat

wasthelastthingIrememberedbeforeeverythingwent2

MasonbrokehisT-12vertebra（脊椎）,whichaffectslowerbody3.Hewasparalyzed（癱瘓）from

thewaistdown.Masoncouldn't4thefactthathemightneverwalkagain.4aItwasjust5Jhe

said.

Afterhelefthospital,hisparentsadvisedhimto6thegood.Soon,hebecamemore7.

“ThefirsttimeIgotinawheelchair,Ifeltsofree,^^hesaid.<4Inthisreallyhardsituation-unabletowalk

一sittinginawheelchairmeansyou'regivenfreedomand8.Andpeoplelookatthewheelchairandsay,

‘It'sawfultobelimitedtousingawheelchair.?Butthiswheelchairdoesn't9me.Ifsactuallymy

freedom.^^

Still,hesaidbeinginawheelchairisnoteasyandittakeshimlongertodomostthingspeopleconsider

10_______,likegettinginhiscar.Masonhastogetoutofhiswheelchair,balancehimselfagainsthisvehicle

11______whichisequippedtoholdhiswheelchairinthebackseat.Thenheslidesintothefrontseat.Butthose

challengeshaven't_12_____himfromplayingsportsandlivingagoodlife.

Notonlythat,Masonfoundawayto_13_____others.

HestartedsharinghisexperiencesinInstagramtoconnectwithotherswhohadphysical_____14_____,and

nowhasnearly270,000followers."Andthen,itjustkeptevolvingandmorepeoplecaughtontomystory一

peoplewhoweren'tparalyzedstartedbeing_15_____.AndIjustloveddoingit,“hesaid.

1.A.educationB.lifestyleC.strategyD.design

2.A.clearB.easyC.smoothD.black

3.A.examinationsB?preparationsC.arrangementsD.functions

4.A.exchangeB.doubtC.acceptD.explore

5.A.disastrousB.amazingC.boringD.confusing

6.A.checkoutB.makeupC.focusonD.workout

7.A.depressedB.positive