江蘇專用備戰(zhàn)2025年高考英語復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解組合練二

PAGE1-閱讀理解組合練(二)(限時(shí)30分鐘)A(2024·常州模擬)WIPOistheglobalforumforintellectualpropertyIPservices，policy，informationandcooperation.Weareaself-fundingagencyoftheUnitedNations，with192memberstates.,Ourmissionistoleadthedevelopmentofabalancedandeffectiveinternationalintellectualpropertysystemthatenablesinnovationandcreativityforthebenefitofall.Ourmandate，governingbodiesandproceduresaresetoutintheWIPOConvention，whichestablishedWIPOin1967.Werunworkshopsandseminarsthroughouttheyear.Thepresentationsandmeetingdocumentsaremadeavailablefordownloadingwhereverpossible.CurrentandupcomingCaseStudyWorkshoponSupportforIntellectualPropertyManagementinSMEs(IPAdvantage)NationalWorkshoponIntellectualPropertyPoliciesforUniversitiesandResearchInstitutions語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了世界學(xué)問產(chǎn)權(quán)組織以及由其舉辦的幾場IP研討會(huì)的相關(guān)信息。1.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________. A．itisanarticlefromthehandbookofWIPO B．governingbodiesofallmemberstatespayfortherunningofWIPO C．itisintendedforthoseinterestedintheknowledgeofintellectualproperty D．themissionofWIPOistodevelopaneffectivesystemofinnovationandcreativity 解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了世界學(xué)問產(chǎn)權(quán)組織的作用和宗旨以及由其舉辦的幾場有關(guān)學(xué)問產(chǎn)權(quán)的研討會(huì)的信息。由此可知，本文是為對(duì)學(xué)問產(chǎn)權(quán)感愛好的人設(shè)計(jì)的。故選C。2.IfoneisinterestedinIPmanagement,hecanattendaseminarin________. A．AmmanorTelAviv B．TelAvivorParis C．AmmanorTokyo D．TelAvivorTokyo解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一個(gè)研討會(huì)CaseStudyWorkshoponSupportforIntellectualPropertyManagementinSMEs(IPAdvantage)的信息“January29toJanuary31,2024(Tokyo)”及第四個(gè)研討會(huì)Nationalseminaroncollectivemanagement的信息“December19,2024(TelAviv)”“CollectiveManagementofCopyright,WorkshopsandSeminars”可知，這兩場研討會(huì)是關(guān)于學(xué)問產(chǎn)權(quán)管理的。故選D。B(2024·蘇、錫、常、鎮(zhèn)模擬)InFlorida,agroupofparentsknownas“thebreakmoms”hasbeenfightingtopassalawguaranteeingthestate'selementary-schoolstudentsatleast20minutesofdailyfreeplay.Inasurveyofschool-districtadministrators,roughlyathirdsaidtheirdistrictshadreducedoutdoorplayintheearly2000s.Disadvantagedkidshavebeenthemostlikelytobeshortchanged(克扣).Accordingtoa2003study,just56percentofchildrenlivingatorbelowthepovertylinehadbreak,comparedwith83percentofthoseabovethepovertyline;asimilardisparity(差異)existedbetweenblackchildrenandtheirwhitepeers.Thebenefitsofbreakmightseemobvious—timetorunaroundhelpskidsstayfit.Butalargebodyofresearchsuggeststhatitalsopromotescognition(認(rèn)知).Manystudieshavefoundthatregularexerciseimprovesmentalfunctionandacademicperformance.Andananalysisofstudiesthatfocusedspecificallyonbreakfoundpositiveassociationsbetweenphysicalactivityandtheabilitytoconcentrateinclass.Inoneseriesofexperiments,researcherscontrolledbreakstarttimes.Somedayschildrenwereletoutat10a．m.,andotherdaysat10：30.Thekids'attentivenessdecreasedwhentheyhadtowaitlongerforbreak,andrefreshedthemselvesaftertheyplayed.Andwhenfourth-gradersinabreak-freeschoolweregivenaweeklybreak,anothergroupofresearchersfoundthattheyhadaneasiertimestayingontaskandweremuchlessrestless.Theseexperimentalfindingsaresupportedbyananalysisof10,000questionnairesfilledoutbythird-gradeteachers:Evenasingle15-minutedailybreakwasconnectedwithmorepositiveratingsofclassroombehavior.Perhapsmostimportantbreakallowschildrentodesigntheirowngames,totesttheirabilities,torole-play,andtosettletheirownconflicts—activitiesthatarekeytodevelopingsocialskillsandmanagingcomplicatedsituations.InitialresultsfromanongoingstudyinTexassuggestthatelementary-schoolchildrenwhoaregivenfour15-minutebreaksadayaresignificantlymoresympathetictowardtheirpeersthanarekidswhodon'tgetbreak.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了一群被稱為“休息媽媽”的家長始終在努力通過一項(xiàng)法律，保證該州的小學(xué)生每天至少有20分鐘的自由玩耍時(shí)間的事情。探討表明有足夠休息時(shí)間的孩子學(xué)習(xí)成果更好，情商也更高。3．Whatcauses“thebreakmoms”tostartafight? A．Pupils'lackofoutdoorplay. B．Poorschoolmanagement. C．Absenceofeducationlaws. D．Inequalityamongstudents. 解析：選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，她們想要通過的法律是為了保障孩子們每天課外活動(dòng)的時(shí)間，故緣由是孩子們現(xiàn)在缺少戶外活動(dòng)的時(shí)間。4．Inoneseriesofexperiments,researchersfindthat________. A．childrenbehavebetterwhenletoutearlier B．kidswaitinglongerareunabletostayfocusedagain C．third-gradershavedifficultyinfocusingontask D．fourth-gradersaremoreconcentratedwithoutabreak 解析：選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的第三句“Thekids'attentivenessdecreasedwhentheyhadtowaitlongerforbreak,andrefreshedthemselvesaftertheyplayed.”可知，當(dāng)孩子們不得不等待更長的時(shí)間才能休息時(shí)，他們的留意力下降了，所以被更早放出去活動(dòng)的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)更好。5．Whatcanweinferifwecanensurechildrenacertainamountofdailybreak? A．Theyescapefromlifeconflicts. B．Theymaystrengthendependence. C．Theyaremoreconsideratetowardsothers. D．Theyareeagertomanagecomplicatedsituations. 解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句中的“childrenwhoaregivenfour15-minutebreaksadayaresignificantlymoresympathetictowardtheirpeersthanarekidswhodon'tgetbreak”可知，探討表明，每天休息4個(gè)15分鐘的小學(xué)生比沒有休息的孩子對(duì)同齡人更有憐憫心。所以他們對(duì)他人也更加愛護(hù)。C(2024·鹽城模擬)Onedayin1995,alarge,heavymiddle-agedmanrobbedtwoPittsburghbanksinbroaddaylight.Hedidn'twearamaskandhesmiledatsurveillancecamerasbeforewalkingoutofeachbank.Laterthatnight,policearrestedasurprisedMcArthurWheeler.Whentheyshowedhimthesurveillancetapes,Wheelerstaredindisbelief.“ButIworethejuice，”hemumbled.Apparently,Wheelerthoughtthatrubbinglemonjuiceonhisskinwouldmakehiminvisibletovideotapecameras.Afterall,lemonjuiceisusedasinvisibleinkso,aslongashedidn'tcomenearaheatsource,heshouldhavebeencompletelyinvisible.ThecasecaughttheeyeofthepsychologistDavidDunningatCornellToinvestigatethisphenomenoninthelab,DunningandKrugerdesignedsomecleverexperiments.Inonestudy,theyaskedundergraduatestudentsaseriesofquestionsaboutgrammar,logicandjokes,andthenaskedeachstudenttoestimatehisorherscoreoverall,aswellastheirrelativerankingscomparedtotheotherstudents.Interestingly,studentswhoscoredthelowestinthesecognitivetasksalwaysoverestimatedhowwelltheydid—byalot.Studentswhoscoredinthebottomestimatedthattheyhadperformedbetterthantwo-thirdsoftheotherstudents!Sure,it'stypicalforpeopletooverestimatetheirabilities.Theproblemisthatwhenpeopleareincompetent,notonlydotheyreachwrongconclusionsandmakeunfortunatechoices,butalsotheyarerobbedoftheabilitytorealizetheirmistakes.Inasemester-longstudyofcollegestudents,goodstudentscouldbetterpredicttheirperformanceonfutureexamsgivenfeedbackabouttheirscoresandrankings.However,thepoorestperformersshowednorecognition,despiteclearandrepeatedfeedbackthattheyweredoingbadly.Insteadofbeingconfusedorthoughtfulabouttheirincorrectways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysarecorrect.AsCharlesDarwinwroteinTheDescentofMan(1871):“Ignorancemorefrequentlybegetsconfidencethandoesknowledge.”Interestingly,reallysmartpeoplealsofailtoaccuratelyself-assesstheirabilities.AsmuchasD-andF-gradestudentsoverestimatetheirabilities,A-gradestudentsunderestimatetheirs.Thedifferenceisthatcompetentpeoplecananddoadjusttheirself-assessmentgivenappropriatefeedback,whileincompetentindividualscannot.語篇解讀：本文主要闡述了“鄧寧－克魯格效應(yīng)”。探討表明有實(shí)力的人會(huì)依據(jù)各方面的反饋來調(diào)整自己的思路，而無知的人往往看不到自己的不足，盲目自信，固執(zhí)己見。6．WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheDunningKrugereffectistrue? A．Theeffectistrueforeveryoneindailylife. B．Itsuggeststhatmostpeoplelackcognitiveabilities. C．Somepeopleareoverconfidentabouttheirabilities. D．Theconclusionisdrawnbasedonaseriesofbankrobberies. 解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“somepeoplemistakenlyassesstheirabilitiesasbeingmuchhigherthantheyactuallyare”可知，鄧寧－克魯格效應(yīng)指的是那些過度高估自己實(shí)力的、過度自信的人。7．Whatdothecollegestudents'behaviorsmentionedintheexperimentsprove? A．Feedbackplaysasignificantroleinestimatingone'sability. B．Incompetentpeoplehavearigidattitudetowardstheirchoice. C．Goodstudentscanpredicttheirfutureperformanceaccurately. D．Peoplecan'trelyontheirpreviousbehaviortomakeadjustments. 解析：選B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)其次句“Insteadofbeingconfusedorthoughtfulabouttheirincorrectways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysarecorrect.”可知，實(shí)力差的人不會(huì)去反思自己的不正確的方法，而是堅(jiān)持他們的方法是正確的。所以說他們特別的固執(zhí)。8．Theunderlinedword“begets”canbereplacedby________. A．givesriseto B．takesadvantageof C．makesupfor D．breaksawayfrom 解析：選A詞義揣測題。引用查爾斯·達(dá)爾文作品中的話是對(duì)上面的探討結(jié)果進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。上面的探討表明無知的人更加盲目地自信。所以這句話的意思是“無知比學(xué)問更簡單產(chǎn)生自信?！眀eget＝giveriseto“產(chǎn)生”。9．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage? A．Realknowledgeisknowingtheextentofone'signorance. B．Itisdifficultforpeopletoevaluatetheirrealcompetence. C．Illusionofconfidenceisthemajorsourceofpeople'sfailure. D．Thosewithgreatabilitiesoftenhavealowopinionofthemselves. 解析：選A推理推斷題。本文主要闡述了“鄧寧－克魯格效應(yīng)”。探討表明有實(shí)力的人會(huì)依據(jù)各方面的反饋來調(diào)整自己的思路，而無知的人往往看不到自己的不足，盲目自信，固執(zhí)己見。所以真正的學(xué)問是了解一個(gè)人無知的程度。D(2024·南通七市模擬)UNscholarshavecalculatedthatwithinthenext10yearsthedegradation(退化)offarmandgrasslandcouldturn50millionpeopleintomigrants.AnotherUNagencycalculatedthatinthelast25years,another3%oftheplanet'sforestshadbeenburnedorcutdown.OnceyouhavereadGaiaVince'sbook,youstarttoregisterthescaleofchangeinafast-changingworld.AdventuresintheAnthropoceneholdsamirroruptohumanityandsays:lookwhatyouhavedonetotheworld,theonlyworldyouwilleverhave.TheAnthropocene—theAgeofMan—isaproposednewnameforthequaternary(第四紀(jì))periodthatwenowlivein,anditincludeswhathascometobecalledtheGreatAcceleration,inwhichduringthelast65years,whateverhumansdid,theydiditfasterandmoreeffectively,andonagreaterscale,while_at_the_same_time_reproducing_more_and_dying_much_less.Didittake50,000yearstoreachapopulationofonebillion?Justinthelast10years,anotherbillionpeopleappearedontheplanet,andbytheendofthiscentury,itcouldbehometo9,or10,or11billionsouls,eachofwhichwillhopefortheminimumtosustainhealthandcontentment.Manyofthemwilldemandalotmore,whichiswheretheproblemsbegin.Tobuildcities,pavehighwaysandestablishfactories,humansdecadesagobecamethegreatestearthmovingforceontheplanet:theyeachyearshiftmorerockandsoilthanthewindandtherain,theriversandtheglaciers(冰川)combined.Citiesnowcover2%oftheplanet'sland:by2030,thiswillbe10%.Overthenext80years,thespecieswillbuildacityforonemillionpeopleevery10days.Tokeepthesecitiesfunctioning,humanswillconsume18terawattsofenergyandby2024,around5billionofthemwillhavesmartphones,andInternetaccess,andalreadypeoplewhoaremiserablypoorcansee,atafinger'stouch,whattheyaremissing,andwantitforthemselves,andinthecourseoftryingtogetit,consumemoreresourcesandcausedestructiontotheecosystem.Anyonewhoreadsthisbookwillhavenoexcusefornotthinkingaboutit.Vincedoesn'tjustcollectthestatisticsofexploitationanddestruction,shegoestoseeforherselfwhattheymean.Likeagoodreporter,shetriestoseebothsides:sheexploresboththehumandestructionandthebeneficialandsometimesamazingsolutionsthathumanwisdomcandeliver.Shedoesthelegworktoo:sheclimbsupsteepmountainsidesinNepal,andinLadakh,looksathydroelectricplansinPatagonia,walksthroughtheforesttogetclosertoatiger,stepsoutintheslumsnearCartagenainColombia,andslipsdownanAmazontributaryinadugout.Everywhereintheworld,theiceisdisappearing,butinLadakh,anengineerhasworkedoutawaytomakeartificialglacierstostorethewaterforsummergrowth,andindoingsohasgiventhevillagersnotjustsecuritybutanewkindofhope.Ineverychapter,thereareexcellentstorieslikethis,glimpses(一瞥)oftheotherworldthatperhapswecouldhavemadeforourselves.Necessarily,togetaroundatopicthatinvolvesallhumanhistoryandallgeographytoo,shehastobebrief,andsoineverychapter,sheleavesyouwantingmore.Thisisusuallyconsideredtobeagoodthing.Goodornot,itisdifficulttosee.Andifshehelpsreadersunderstandalittlebetterthelossandsufferingliesbehindtheexploitationoftherareearths,thenitbecomesineverysenseagoodbook.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了GaiaVince的一本名叫AdventuresintheAnthropocene的書。10．Thestatisticsinthefirstparagrapharemeantto________. A．ridpeopleoftheirconcernsabouttheearth B．stressthegravityofthedestructionoftheearth C．clarifypeople'smisunderstandingsoftheearth D．warnpeopleofthecontradictoryreportsabouttheearth 解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“thedegradation(退化)offarmandgrassland”和“planet'sforestshadbeenburnedorcutdown”可知，目前地球遭遇著極大的破壞。因此作者寫該段旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)地球被破壞的嚴(yán)峻性。gravity意思是“嚴(yán)峻性”。11．TheunderlinedpartinParagraph3mostprobablymeans________. A．moretreeswereplantedandfewerofthemdied B．peopleproducedmuchmorethantheyconsumed C．thebirthratewashigherandthedeathratewaslower D．moreanimalswereraisedandthesurvivalratewashigher 解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，在過去的65年中人類處于一個(gè)加速度的時(shí)代，無論哪個(gè)方面人類都比以往的發(fā)展速度更快，效率更高，規(guī)模更大，同時(shí)人口繁殖更多，死亡更少。12．Accordingtotheauthor,theconstructionofcitiesandinfrastructureswill________. A．createmorejobopportunitiesforcitizens B．narrowthegapbetweentherichandthepoor C．promoteglobalizationandeconomicdevelopment D．causeover-consumptionandecologicaldestruction 解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容