特殊句式 高三英語

句法篇特殊句式011.

（經(jīng)典高考）_________（observe）

carefully

if

any

change

occurs

when

doing

experiments

in

the

lab.Observe[解析]

句意：在實驗室做實驗時要仔細(xì)觀察是否有任何變化發(fā)生。此處為祈使句，設(shè)空處位于句首，故填Observe。2.

（經(jīng)典高考）It

was

the

culture,

rather

than

the

language,

_____

made

it

hard

for

him

to

adapt

to

the

new

environment

abroad.that[解析]

句意：是文化而不是語言使他難以適應(yīng)國外的新環(huán)境。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是句子的主語，指物，所以用that。真題演練3.

（經(jīng)典高考）No

sooner

_____

Mo

Yan

stepped

on

the

stage

than

the

audience

broke

into

thunderous

applause.had[解析]

句意:莫言一走上舞臺,觀眾就爆發(fā)出雷鳴般的掌聲。no

sooner...than...為固定句式，意為“一……就……”。no

sooner置于句首時,主句要用部分倒裝。正常語序是Mo

Yan

had

stepped

on

the

stage,變?yōu)閔ad

Mo

Yan

stepped

on

the

stage。4.

（經(jīng)典高考）There

are

some

health

problems

that,

when

not________（treat）

in

time,

can

become

bigger

ones

later

on.treated[解析]

句意:有一些健康問題,如果不及時治療,以后可能會變成更大的問題。此處是狀語從句的省略，補(bǔ)全后應(yīng)該是“when

they

are

not

treated

in

time”。5.

（經(jīng)典高考）Parents

are

taught

to

understand

_____important

education

is

to

their

children's

future.how[解析]

句意:父母被教導(dǎo)要明白教育對他們孩子的未來有多重要。本句中的賓語從句由感嘆句“____

important

education

is...”充當(dāng)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“how+adj.+主語+謂語”，故填how?？键c(diǎn)1

省略句1.狀語從句中的省略（1）當(dāng)時間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句的謂語含有be動詞，且主語和主句的主語一致或其主語是it時，可以省略狀語從句中的主語和be。Children,

when

accompanied

by

their

parents,

are

allowed

to

enter

the

stadium.當(dāng)有父母陪伴的時候,孩子們是被允許進(jìn)入體育場的。（2）if省略結(jié)構(gòu)if

so如果這樣的話

if

necessary如果有必要的話

if

not如果不是這樣的話必備知識2.不定式的省略（1）在一定的上下文中，為了避免重復(fù)，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的動詞（短語）,只保留不定式符號to。常用在expect、hope、intend、mean、try、want、wish等詞后。Firstly,

people

may

feel

forced

when

asked

to

do

things

that

they

don't

want

to.首先，當(dāng)人們被要求去做他們不想做的事情時，可能會感到是被迫的。（2）but用作介詞，意為“除……之外”，且前面有實義動詞do的某種形式,后接不定式時，常省略不定式符號to；但前面沒有實義動詞do的某種形式，后接不定式時，不省略不定式符號to。The

students

could

do

nothing

but

wait

quietly.學(xué)生們只能靜靜地等候。If

he

takes

this

work,

he

will

have

no

choice

but

to

meet

an

even

greater

challenge.如果他接受了這份工作，除了迎接更大的挑戰(zhàn)之外他將別無選擇。（3）在使役動詞let、have、make等和感官動詞后面作賓補(bǔ)的動詞不定式必須省去to。（外研必修三

Unit

1）One

of

the

main

reasons

for

telling

a

white

lie

is

to

try

to

make

others

feel

better.

說善意謊言的一個主要原因是試圖讓別人感受更好。He

will

have

a

worker

fix

the

car.他會叫一名工作人員修車的。I

can

hear

him

sing

loudly.我能聽見他大聲唱歌。1.

You

must

have

had

some

moments

when

you

were

depressed.

If

____,

how

did

you

deal

with

them?2.

To

play

the

musical

instrument,

you

put

your

mouth

on

one

end

and

blow

while__________（vibrate）

your

lips.3.

The

experiment

shows

that

proper

amounts

of

exercise,

if________（carry）

out

regularly,

can

improve

our

health.4.

Film

has

a

much

shorter

history,

especially

when__________（compare）

to

such

art

forms

as

music

and

painting.sovibratingcarriedcompared針對訓(xùn)練考點(diǎn)2強(qiáng)調(diào)句1.陳述句：It

is/was...that/who...（強(qiáng)調(diào)人時可用that或who，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物時只用that）一般疑問句：Is/Was

it...that/who...?特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+is/was+it

that...?It

was

when

I

got

back

to

my

apartment

that

I

first

came

across

my

new

neighbors.正是當(dāng)我回到公寓的時候，我第一次遇到我的新鄰居們。I

wonder

what

it

is

that

makes

you

so

addicted

to

the

mobile

phone.我想知道是什么讓你對手機(jī)如此著迷。2.“not...until...”的強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It

is/was

not

until...that...It

was

not

until

I

came

here

that

I

realised

this

place

was

famous

not

only

for

its

beauty

but

also

for

its

weather.直到我來到這兒，我才知道這個地方出名不僅因為它的美，還因為它的天氣。3.強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞用do/does/did，即“do/does/did+動詞原形”。該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句中，并且只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。He

did

come

to

see

you

last

Sunday,

but

you

were

out.他上周日的確來看過你，但是你出去了。1.

It

was

not

until

9:30

a.m.

_____

we

finally

reached

the

top

of

Mount

Tai.2.

It

was

at

ten

o'clock

today_____we

were

divided

into

4

groups

to

sort

the

rubbish.thatthat3.

A

final

point

to

consider

is

that

while

studying

abroad

______（do）

have

potential

benefits,

young

people

who

study

in

China

also

have

a

great

future

to

look

forward

to!does針對訓(xùn)練完全倒裝表示地點(diǎn)、時間或方向的副詞或介詞短語（here、there、now、then、up、down、away、off、in、out、in

the

room、on

the

wall等）置于句首，且主語為名詞時At

the

meeting

place

of

the

Yangtze

River

and

the

Jialing

River

lies

Chongqing,

one

of

the

ten

largest

cities

in

China.在長江和嘉陵江的交匯處，坐落著中國十大城市之一——重慶。考點(diǎn)3倒裝句完全倒裝表示狀態(tài)的形容詞置于句首時Present

at

the

meeting

were

experts

on

psychology.出席會議的是心理學(xué)專家。續(xù)表部分倒裝表示否定意義的詞或短語（never、neither、not、hardly、little、seldom、rarely、at

no

time、by

no

means、on

no

condition、in

no

case、no

sooner等）置于句首時We

laugh

at

jokes,

but

seldom

do

we

think

about

how

they

work.

我們聽到笑話會笑,卻很少考慮它們是如何讓我們發(fā)笑的。續(xù)表部分倒裝only修飾介詞短語、副詞或狀語從句，且置于句首時Only

after

they

had

discussed

the

matter

for

several

hours

did

they

reach

a

decision.他們討論了那個問題幾個小時之后才作出抉擇。“so/neither/nor+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”意為“……也是如此/也不……”Tom

likes

music.

So

does

John.

湯姆喜歡音樂，約翰也是如此。續(xù)表部分倒裝“not

only...but

also...”連接并列分句，not

only位于句首時Not

only

can

travelling

relax

us,

but

it

can

also

broaden

our

horizons.

旅行不僅可以使我們放松，還能開闊我們的視野。not

until...置于句首時Not

until

recently

did

they

encourage

the

development

of

tourist-related

activities

in

the

rural

areas.直到近期,他們才鼓勵在農(nóng)村地區(qū)發(fā)展與旅游業(yè)相關(guān)的活動。續(xù)表部分倒裝①so+adj./adv.+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+其他+that...②such（+a/an）+adj.+n.+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+其他+that...So

beautiful

is

the

tourist

attraction

that

it

appeals

to

visitors

from

all

over

the

world.

這個旅游勝地非常美麗，吸引了來自世界各地的游客。續(xù)表用倒裝句將下列句子進(jìn)行升級1.

Bernard

was

so

happy

that

he

gave

John

a

big

hug.→___________________________________________________So

happy

was

Bernard

that

he

gave

John

a

big

hug.2.

We

can

not

only

interact

with

art,

but

also

take

part

in

its

creation.→_________________________________,

but

we

can

also

take

part

in

its

creation.Not

only

can

we

interact

with

art3.

My

dad

and

mom

stood

beside

the

old

truck,

looking

sad

and

anxious.→Beside

the

old

truck

________________________,

looking

sad

and

anxious.stood

my

dad

and

mom針對訓(xùn)練感嘆句①What+a/an+adj.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）!②What+adj.+不可數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）!What

a

strange

plant!

I've

never

seen

it

before.多么奇怪的一種植物啊!我以前從未見過它。What

terrible

problems

we

will

face!我們將面臨多么嚴(yán)重的問題啊!考點(diǎn)4感嘆句感嘆句①How+adj./adv.+主語+謂語（+其他）!②How+adj.（+a/an）+名詞+主語+謂語（+其他）!③How+主語+謂語（+其他）!How

beautiful

the

flowers

are!

這些花兒多么美啊！續(xù)表考點(diǎn)5therebe結(jié)構(gòu)1.there

be結(jié)構(gòu)可以有不同的時態(tài)，可以和助動詞或情態(tài)動詞連用，并且該結(jié)構(gòu)中的be有時可用

live、remain、stand、lie、exist、seem

to

be、appear

to

be、happen

to

be、used

to

be等替換。There

have

been

many

great

changes

in

our

country

since

then.從那時起，我們國家有了很多巨大的變化。Once

upon

a

time

there

lived

an

old

fisherman

in

a

village

by

the

sea.從前，在海邊的一個村莊里住著一位老漁夫。2.there

be結(jié)構(gòu)的?？季湫停篢here

is

no

point/sense

（in）

doing

sth.做某事沒有意義There

is

no

doubt

that...毫無疑問……There

is

no

need

（for

sb.）

to

do

sth.（某人）沒有必要做某事There

is

no/a

possibility

of

（doing）

sth./that...（做）某事沒有/有可能性This

doesn't

mean

we

are

becoming

either

more

or

less

intelligent,

but

there

is

no

doubt

that

the

way

we

use

memory

is

changing.這并不意味著我們正變得比以前更聰明或是不如以前聰明，但是毫無疑問，我們使用記憶力的方式正在變化?？键c(diǎn)6祈使句

祈使句常用來表達(dá)命令、請求、禁止、建議、警告、勸告等。1.祈使句的主語一般是第二人稱you（常省略，也可不?。?。祈使句的否定式一般在動詞原形前加don't或never。祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式可以在謂語動詞前面加do。Do

your

homework

before

you

watch

TV.看電視之前要先做你的家庭作業(yè)。2.用于固定句型“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”。Call

me

tomorrow

and

I'll

let

you

know

the

experimental

result.明天給我打電話，我會讓你知道實驗結(jié)果。Start

out

right

away

or

we'll

miss

the

first

train.立刻出發(fā)，否則我們將要錯過首班火車。1.

I

was

about

to

give

up

when

my

teacher

shouted

at

me，“Keep

up,

_____

you

will

make

it.”2.

When

I

post

the

picture

online,

I

will

make

a

comment

about

_____bad

it

is

to

feed

wild

crocodiles（鱷魚）.andhow3.

There

______

so

many

cafés

and

restaurants

to

choose

from

and

I

selected

a

Cantonese

restaurant

that

served

its

food

on

beautiful

china

plates.were4.

_______

a

magnificent

horse!

Even

after

more

than

a

thousand

years

have

passed,

we

can

still

feel

the

power

within

its

burning

eyes,

bared

teeth

and

kicking

hooves.What針對訓(xùn)練分層特訓(xùn)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.

Between

rows

of

trees_______（stand）

a

new

building,

which

is

supposed

to

be

our

new

library.stands[解析]

句意：幾排樹之間聳立著一座新建筑，這應(yīng)該是我們的新圖書館。表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語位于句首，且句子主語為名詞時，句子用完全倒裝。本句為一般性的描述，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語a

new

building表示單數(shù)意義，故填stands。2.

China

employs

an

effective

approach

to

protecting

its

environment

while

________（feed）

its

citizens

and

offers

useful

lessons

for

agriculture

and

food

policymakers

worldwide.feeding[解析]

句意：中國采用了一種有效的方法，在養(yǎng)活了中國人民的同時又保護(hù)了環(huán)境，并且為全世界的農(nóng)業(yè)和糧食政策制定者提供了有用的經(jīng)驗。在時間狀語從句中，如果從句的主語和主句的主語一致且從句謂語含有be動詞時，可把從句中的主語和be動詞一起省略?？崭裉幈硎局鲃?，故填feeding。3.

It

could

be

anything—gardening,

cooking,

music,

sports—but

whatever

it

is,

______（make）

sure

it's

a

relief

from

daily

stress

rather

than

another

thing

to

worry

about.[解析]

句意：它可以是園藝、烹飪、音樂、運(yùn)動等任何事情，但無論是什么，務(wù)必保證它是緩解日常壓力的事情，而不是另一件讓人擔(dān)憂的事。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，連詞but連接兩個分句。第二個分句中，whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，主句為祈使句，故填make。make4.

Results

showed

that

when

_______（show）

famous

faces,

the

testees

drew

a

blank

with

them.shown[解析]

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，when引導(dǎo)狀語從句，省略了主語和be動詞，故填shown。5.

I

was

impressed

by

_____

selfless

she

was.how[解析]

句意：她如此無私，我被她打動了。本句中的賓語從句由感嘆句“____

selfless

she

was”充當(dāng)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“how+adj.+主語+謂語”，故填how。6.

It's

not

doing

the

things

we

like,

but

liking

the

things

we

have

to

do

_____

makes

life

happy.that[解析]

句意：讓生活快樂的不是做我們喜歡的事，而是喜歡我們必須做的事。本句是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)指物的主語，故填that。7.

Only

when

your

identity

has

been

checked

will

you

___________（allow）

in.be

allowed[解析]

句意：只有當(dāng)你的身份被核查后，你才能被允許進(jìn)去。“only+狀語從句”位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝，將will提前。you與allow之間是被動關(guān)系，故填be

allowed。8.

______

pleasant

it

is

to

have

a

drink

after

an

exciting

game!How[解析]

句意：在一場激動人心的比賽后喝一杯飲料是多么令人愉快啊!分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為感嘆句,根據(jù)“How+形容詞+主語+謂語!”結(jié)構(gòu)可知填How。1.

Later

on,

I

never

gave

up

when

I

was

faced

with

a

challenge.→Later

on,

I

never

gave

up

____________________________.（省略句）when

faced

with

a

challenge2.

When

we

picked

fruit

on

the

farm,

we

also

learned

much

knowledge

about

agriculture.→_______________________________,

we

also

learned

much

knowledge

about

agriculture.（省略句）When

picking

fruit

on

the

farmⅡ.根據(jù)括號中的要求轉(zhuǎn)換下列句子3.

As

a

father,

he

not

only

cares

about

my

life,

but

also

inspires

me

to

set

a

high

goal

and

strive

for

it.→As

a

father,

___________________________________,

but

he

also

inspires

me

to

set

a

high

goal

and

strive

for

it.

（倒裝句）not

only

does

he

care

about

my

life4.

I

have

such

a

good

command

of

English

that

I

am

elected

as

my

English

teacher's

assistant.→___________________________________________

that

I

am

elected

as

my

English

teacher's

assistant.

（倒裝句）Such

a

good

command

of

English

do

I

have5.

Because

of

his

encouragement,

I

regained

confidence

and

continued

working

hard.→____________________________________________________________________________________.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）It

was

because

of

his

encouragement

that

I

regainedconfidence

and

continued

working

hardDear

Eric,

I

am

delighted

to

tell

you

1._______________________________________________________（there

be句型：將舉辦一場中國畫展覽）

organized

by

the

students'

union

of

our

school

in

the

hall

this