河南專用2020版中考英語七上第1課時Units1-4課件人教新目標版

第1課時七年級(上)

Units1~4知識點1help的用法知識點2last的用法知識點3ask的用法核心精講過關難點一family,home,house與address難點二人稱代詞與物主代詞難點辨析突破

知識點4excuse的用法知識點5Whatabout...?等提建議的句型知識點6Thankyoufor...句型詞匯拓展1.Color(=colour)(n.)→

colorful

(adj.)顏色鮮艷的;五彩繽紛的2.friend(n.)→

friendly

(adj.)友好的→

unfriendly

(adj.)不友好的→

friendship

(n.)友誼;友情→

makefriends

交朋友必備知識梳理3.China(n.)→

Chinese

(n.&adj.)中國人;漢語;中國的4.family(n.)→

families

(pl.)家;家庭5.photo(n.)→

photos

(pl.)照片6.dictionary(n.)→

dictionaries

(pl.)詞典;字典7.library(n.)→

libraries

(pl.)圖書館8.one(num.)→

once

(adv.)一次;曾經(jīng)→

first

(序數(shù)詞)第一9.I(pron.)→

me

(賓格)我→

my

(形容詞性物主代詞)我的→

mine

(名詞性物主代詞)我的→

myself

(反身代詞)我自己10.good(adj.)→

well

(adv.)好;令人滿意地→

better

(比較級)較好的;更好的→

best

(最高級)最好的→

begoodat

擅長……→

begoodfor

對……有好處11.spell(v.)→

spelled/spelt

(過去式/過去分詞)用字母拼;拼寫12.see(v.)→

saw

(過去式)→

seen

(過去分詞)看見;理解;明白13.come(v.)→

came

(過去式)→

come

(過去分詞)來;來到→

comein

進來→

cometrue

實現(xiàn)14.think(v.)→

thought

(過去式/過去分詞)認為;想;思考→

thought

(n.)想法;看法;主意;記憶→

thinkof

想起→

thinkabout

思考15.know(v.)→

knew

(過去式)→

known

(過去分詞)知道;了解→

knowledge

(n.)知識;學問→

knowledgeable

(adj.)博學的;有見識的;知識淵博的16.have(v.)→

has

(第三人稱單數(shù))→

have...incommon

(想法、興趣等方面)相同→

had

(過去式/過去分詞)有;經(jīng)受;經(jīng)歷17.thank(v.)→

thanks

(interj.&n.)感謝;謝謝→

thankful

(adj.)感謝;感激→

thankyoufor

為……而感謝你(們)→

thanksto

由于;幸虧18.teach(v.)→

teacher

(n.)老師;教師→

teachsb.todosth.

教某人做某事19.help(v.&n.)→

helpful

(adj.)有用的;有幫助的→

helpless

(adj.)無自理能力的;不能自立的;無助的→

helpsb(to)dosth.

幫助某人做某事→

can'thelpdoingsth.

情不自禁做某事20.lose(v.)→

lost

(過去式/過去分詞)遺失;丟失21.play(v.)→

player

(n.)播放機;運動員;參賽選手22.say(v.)→

said

(過去式/過去分詞)說;講→

sayhello/thanks/sorrytosb.

向某人問好/致謝/道歉23.meet(v.)→

met

(過去式/過去分詞)遇見;相逢→

meeting

(n.)會議;集會;會面24.under(prep.)→

over

(反義詞)在……上面25.your(pron.)→

yours

(名詞性物主代詞)你的;你們的→

yourself

(反身代詞)你自己→

yourselves

(反身代詞)你們自己26.find(v.)→

found

(過去式/過去分詞)找到;發(fā)現(xiàn)→

findout

查明;弄清重點短語1.

inEnglish

用英語2.

middleschool

中學;初中3.

Haveagoodday!

(表示祝愿)過得愉快!4.

excuseme

勞駕;請原諒5.

Whatabout...?

(詢問消息或提出建議)……怎么樣?……好嗎?6.

thankyoufor...

為……而感謝你(們)7.

ask...for...

請求;懇求(給予)8.

asetof

一套;一副;一組9.

comeon

快點兒情景交際Unit1介紹自己及學會交友1.—What'syourname?—Alan./I'mAlan./Myname'sAlan.2.—Nicetomeetyou,Linda.—Nicetomeetyou,too.3.—What'syourtelephonenumber,LiXin?—It's281-9176.4.—Goodmorning!I'mCindy.—Hello,Cindy!I'mDale.—Nicetomeetyou!Unit2介紹家庭成員1.—Oh,Jane,thisismysisterKate.Kate,thisismyfriendJane.—Nicetomeetyou,Jane.2.—Andwho'she?—He'smybrother,Paul.3.—Arethoseyourparents?—Yes,theyare.Unit3確認物品所屬關系1.—Excuseme,Grace.Isthisyourpencil?—Yes,thankyou.2.—Aretheseyourpencils?—No,they'reBob's.Unit4談論物品的位置1.—Wherearemybooks?—They'reonthesofa.2.—Where'stheschoolbag?—It'sunderthetable.重點語法1.人稱代詞及物主代詞的區(qū)別及正確運用。2.可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)的構成及規(guī)律。3.表示方位的介詞in,on,under等的正確運用。4.一般現(xiàn)在時中be動詞的形式。一、用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空1.Mybrotherisafamousphotographer,andhehastakenquiteafewbeautiful

photos

(photo)inrecentyears.2.Herwaysofsolvingproblemsaredifferentfrommine

(I).3.Animalsareourfriendsandweshouldbefriendly

(friend)tothem.4.Septemberistheninth

(nine)monthoftheyear.5.IpracticeplayingthepianoeverydayinorderthatIcanperformwell

(good)

intheparty.詞匯語境運用6.WhenIsawsomanymodels

(model)ofplacesofinterestintheWorldPark,

Isimplycouldn'tbelievemyeyes.7.BeingamemberoftheschoolEnglishclubhelps

(help)memakegreat

progressinEnglish.8.Ican'tsolvethisproblembymyself.ItisthemostdifficultproblemIhaveever

met

(meet).9.You'dbetterbuyadictionary,becauseit'shelpful

(help)foryoutostudy

well.10.Jackisgoodatplanning.Heusuallythinks

(think)aboutwhathehasdonetodayandwhatheisgoingtodotomorrow.二、用方框中所給詞的適當形式填空colorfamilyringasksaytheygooddictionarykeyfine1.Ihavemanygoodfriends,andmybest

friendisLucy.2.Assoonasthesummervacationbegins,myfamily

willgotoLijiangwith

me.3.Thechildrenrushedoutoftheclassroomassoonasthebellrang

fortheend

ofclass.4.Studentsinthisschoolliveabusyandcolorful

life.Theycanjoinmanydif-

ferentclubsintheirsparetime.5.Ijusthidbehindmyfatherandneversaid

anything.6.Ilikefireworks,butmyfatherasks

menottosetthemoffbecauseitisvery

dangerous.7.Theweatherisfine

.Doyouwanttogohikingwithme?8.ThismorningIwenttoschoolinahurryandlostasetofkeys

onmywayto

school,soIcan'tentermyhomenow.9.Yesterdaythetwins'fatherboughtthemtwodictionariesastheir

12thbirth-daygifts.10.Whenyoumeetnewwords,youshouldguessthembeforelookingthemupin

thedictionary

.1.fine(adj.)健康的;美好的;晴朗的;很好;好看的;杰出的(n.)罰款

(v.)對……處以罰款如:afine-lookingwoman一個漂亮的女人Heisafineman.他是個優(yōu)秀的人。Ihopeitstaysfineforthepicnic.我希望野餐那天是晴天。Shewasfinedforspeeding.她因超速而被罰款。熟詞生義講練2.key(n.)鑰匙;答案;關鍵;鍵(adj.)關鍵的,重要的如:Thekeytosuccessispreparation.成功的關鍵是準備。Heplayedakeyroleinthediscussion.他在討論中起著舉足輕重的作用。3.see(v.)理解,明白;遇見;看到;看望;經(jīng)歷或目睹→saw(過去式)→seen(過去分詞)★seeafilm看電影★seeadoctor看醫(yī)生如:Comeandseeusagainsoon.早點再來看我們。Hehasseenagreatdealinhislonglife.他在漫長的一生中經(jīng)歷了許多事情。4.name(n.)名字,名稱(v.)(給某人/某事物)取名;命名如:TheynamedtheirchildJohn.他們給孩子取名為約翰。5.number(n.)號碼;數(shù)字;數(shù)量(v.)標號;總計如:Thenumberofhomelesspeoplehasincreaseddramatically.無家可歸者的人數(shù)

急劇增加了。Listenandnumberthefollowingletters.聽并把以下的字母編號。6.last(adj.)最后的,末尾的;(指過去)最近的,上一個的,剛過去的(n.)末尾,最后(adv.)最后(v.)持續(xù)★lastbutnotleast最后但同樣重要的★atlast=intheend=finally最后如:thelastmonthoftheyear一年的最后一個月lastyear/night去年/昨晚Themeetinglastedtwohours.這場會議持續(xù)了兩個小時。7.book(n.)書(v.)預訂,訂(房間、車票等)如:bookaticketonline網(wǎng)上訂票8.excuse(n.)借口;辯解(v.)原諒;寬恕★excusesb.fordoingsth.原諒某人做某事如:Thereisnoexcuseforsuchrudeness.對于這種粗魯?shù)男袨槭菦]有借口的。9.card(n.)卡片;信用卡;賀卡;紙牌如:Ipaidforthemealbycreditcard.我用信用卡支付了餐費。I'veneverbeenverygoodatcards.我打牌的技術向來不高。10.call(n.)喊,叫;電話(v.)(給……)打電話;給……命名;稱呼★callup打電話給(某人);征召★call(sb.)back(給某人)回電話如:get/have/receiveacallfromsb.接到某人的電話TheycallthebabyLinda.他們給嬰兒取名琳達。一、根據(jù)語境,在橫線上寫出黑體單詞的漢語意思1.Didanyoneseetheaccident?

目睹

2.Theseticketsarenotnumbered.

編號

二、單句填空1.Thismeetingroomisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyouthatifyou

smokehereyouwouldbe

fined

(fine).2.—I'msorryIsteppedoutsideforasmoke.Iwastired.—There'snoexcuse

for

thiswhileyouareonduty.三、完成句子1.Whensheheardhersonhadbeenadmittedto

akeyuniversity

(一所重點大

學),shecouldn'texpressherexcitementwithwords.2.WemustfindoutwhenTomiscoming,sowecan

bookaroom

(預訂一個房

間)forhim.3.Lucycherishesthetimethatshespentwithfriends.Shebelievesthattheirfriend-

ship

willlast

(將會持續(xù))foralongtime.知識點1help的用法核心精講過關1.—

With

thehelpofthe3Dprinting,Derby,thedogthathasonlytwolegs

canrunhappily.—It'samazing!Whataluckydog!2.Help

yourself

tosomefish,Jeff.3.Thecleaningrobotcan

helpussweep

(幫助我們打掃)thefloor.Wecanget

awayfromhouseworkwithsuchasmartinvention.4.Tom

and

Jerryisveryfunny.I

can'thelplaughing

(忍不住笑)whenIwatchit.help意為“幫助;援助”,可作名詞、動詞:1.名詞,不可數(shù)名詞

2.動詞,常見用法如下:Helpyourself/yourselves(tosomefish)!(用于招待客人時)請隨便吃(些魚)吧!Tomsaidhewouldhelpusmovethefurniture.Tom說他將幫我們搬家具。Wegotitopenwiththehelpofaknife.我們用一把刀把它打開了。Ican'thelpcrying.我忍不住哭了。發(fā)散思維helpful有幫助的;helpless無助的知識點2last的用法1.Thankstohissupport,wesucceededinfinishingthework

atlast

(最終).2.HisnameisJimGreen.Greenishis

lastname

(姓氏).3.—Myfatherishavingameeting.Iwillwaitforhimhere.—You'dbetternot.Themeeting

willlast

(將會持續(xù))atleasttwohours.last的用法:1.adj.最后的;末尾的。如:Heisalwaysthelastonetoleaveschool.他總是最后一個離開學校。2.adv.最后;上次。如:Whocameinlast?誰最后進來的?Whendidyouseeherlast?你最后一次見到她是在什么時候?3.v.持續(xù);持久;夠用;足夠維持。如:Therainhaslastedtwodays.雨已經(jīng)持續(xù)下了兩天了。Theclothwon'tlastlong.這種布用不了很長時間。注意lastnight昨晚(夜),lastweek(month)上個星期(月),lastyear去年,這些短語前面不

用介詞。IwenttoNewYorklastyear.去年我去紐約了。常用短語:①lastyear去年②lastweek上個星期③lastmonth上個月④last

summer去年夏天⑤lastterm上學期⑥lastnight昨晚⑦lastname姓氏⑧

atlast最后;終于⑨inthelastfewdays在過去的幾天里辨析firstname,lastname

(1)英美人姓名的順序與中國人的完全相反。中國人是姓在前,名在后,而英美人

是名在前,姓在后。如:JimGreen吉姆·格林,其中“Jim(吉姆)”是名,放在前面,稱為firstname/given

name;“Green(格林)”是姓,放在后面,稱為lastname/familyname。(2)在西方國家,對人稱呼時,常在姓前冠以Mr.(先生)、Miss(小姐)、Mrs.(夫

人)、Ms.(女士)等。其中Mr.適用于成年男性,Miss適用于未婚女性,Mrs.適用于

已婚女性,而Ms.適用于婚姻狀況不明的女性。對未成年者,人們則直呼其名。(3)中國人的名字譯成英語時,可用漢語拼音表示,單名分開寫,雙名合起來寫。

姓與名的第一個字母都要大寫。例如:LiBai李白,BaiJuyi白居易。少數(shù)中國人的姓是復姓,必須連在一起寫,第二個字的首字母不大寫。例如:

ShangguanYun(上官云),OuyangYixin歐陽一心,SimaGuang司馬光。例:Theman'snameisBillSmith.WecancallhimC

.A.Mr.BillB.Mrs.BillC.Mr.SmithD.Mrs.Smith1.(2018河南平頂山一模)KongJie

wasasked

(ask)tosingusanAmerican

songlastnight.2.—Mr.Wilson,canIaskyousomequestions

about

yourspeech?—Certainly,feelfreetoaskme.3.Youcanaskyourparents

for

helpifyouneed.4.Jack'steacheraskedhim

toturn

(turn)offthelightsafterclass.知識點3ask的用法ask

如:Sheaskedmeaquestion.她問了我一個問題。(me為間接賓語,aquestion為直

接賓語)Heaskedtoseetheheadmaster.他請求見校長一面。Myfriendaskedmetowaitforhimatthegate.我的朋友讓我在門口等他。Heoftenaskstheteacherforadvice.他經(jīng)常請求老師給予意見。Sheaskedthedoctoraboutherhealth.她向醫(yī)生詢問了她的健康狀況。1.—

Excuseme

(勞駕),please.CouldyoutellmewhichBRTIcantaketoget

toZaozhuangRailwayStation?—TakeNo.15busandtransfer(換乘)toNo.B1BRT.2.—Whydidn'tSallyplaytheviolinattheconcertlastnight?—Shesaidthatherhandhurt,butthatwasonly

anexcuse

(一個借口).Isaw

herplaytennisjustnow.3.—Bobisverygenerous.Heexcusedme

for

losinghisfavoritenotebookthat

hisuncleboughtforhim.—Soheis.知識點4excuse的用法1.v.原諒;寬恕,有以下兩種用法:(1)表示原諒,excusesb.fordoingsth.原諒某人做某事。如:SophieexcusedLilyforfailingtokeepthepromise.索菲原諒莉莉未能信守諾

言。(2)excuseme勞駕,請原諒,打擾一下,多用于提出請求、詢問情況、打擾他人等

場合,向對方表示歉意或禮貌。2.n.“借口;理由”,是可數(shù)名詞,通常與介詞for連用。如:Thereisnoexcuseforbreakingtrafficrules.違反交通規(guī)則的行為是沒有借口的。辨析excuseme;sorry二者都是表示道歉時的交流用語,意為“對不起”“請原諒”。1.excuseme是客套話,因打擾對方、請求許可、問路、插話等情況給對方帶來

的不便而表示歉意,常置于句首。如:Excuse

me,what'sthetime?打擾了,請問幾

點了?2.sorry主要是用于做錯了事、給別人造成麻煩等情況而向對方表示愧疚、歉

意的道歉語。I'msorryI'mlate.對不起,我遲到了。1.—Whatabout

taking

(take)arest?—OK!Let'sgoforawalk.2.—Myfatherishavingameeting.Iwillwaitforhimhere.—You'dbetter

go

(go)first.Themeetingwilllastforthreehours.3.—It'stoohot.Wouldyoumind

opening

(open)thedoor?—Certainlynot.I'lldoitnow.4.—Doyouoftengoswimming

on

Sundaymornings?—Yes.Whynot

go

(go)withmethisSunday?知識點5Whatabout...?等提建議的句型Whatabout...?=Howabout...?意為“……怎么樣?”,主要用于下列情況:1.詢問情況或打聽消息。當對方談的事情不明確,需要詢問清楚時,也可用這一

句型。如:Ilikereadingthenovel.Whataboutyou?我喜歡看這本小說,你呢?2.向對方提出建議或請求,語氣很委婉,相當于句型Wouldyoulike...?如:Whatabouthavinganapple?=Wouldyoulikeanapple?吃個蘋果怎么樣?3.征求對方的看法或意見。如:Whatabouthisplayingfootball?他足球踢得怎么樣?拓展初中常見的提建議的句型還有以下幾種:

知識點6Thankyoufor...句型1.—Thankyouverymuchforgivingmesomeadviceonhowtodealwithstress.—

Don't

mentionit!2.—Thankyouforyourhelp.—Youare

welcome

.3.Thankyou

for

yourdictionary.4.由于你的幫忙,我們提早完成了工作。

Thanksto

yourhelp,wefinishedtheworkearly.5.謝謝你及時提醒我,要不然我都把他今天下午要來這件事忘得一干二凈了。

Thankyouforreminding

meintime,orIwouldhaveforgottenallabouthis

comingthisafternoon.1.Thankyouforsth./doingsth.=Thanksforsth./doingsth.“為……而感謝你”,for

為介詞,后接名詞或動名詞,表示感謝的理由。如:Thanksalotforyourhelp.=Thankyouverymuchforhelpingme.多謝你的幫助。2.Thankyoufor.../Thanksfor...的常用答語有:Youarewelcome./That'sallright./

Mypleasure./It'smypleasure./Notatall./Don'tmentionit.等。如:—Thankyoufor/ThanksforhelpingmewhenIwasintrouble.感謝你在我困難時

幫助我?！狽otatall.不用謝。拓展thanksto的用法thanksto意為“多虧,由于”,其中to是介詞,其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語,

表示感謝的對象。如:Thankstoyourhelp,Isucceededingettingthegoodjob.多虧你的幫忙,我才成功

得到了那份好工作。難點一family,home,house與address難點辨析突破1.HewasborninItaly,buthehasmadeChinahis

home

.2.Tom's

house

isbetweenthesupermarketandthebookstore.It'sverycon-

venientforhimtobuythebooksandthegoodsheneeds.3.Her

family

willvisitLuoyangaftershefinisheshe