2024北京高三一模英語匯編：七選五

2024北京高三一模英語匯編

七選五

一、閱讀理解

（2024北京門頭溝高三一模）Morethanaquarterhavetoenlargethefontsizeontheirmobilephonesothey

canreaditclearly.]Meanwhile,28%regularlysquint（昧眼看）atthescreen.Andallofthenaresignsof

eyedisorder.

“Theresearchhasshownoureyesarcnotdesignedtobefixedonasingleobjectforalongtime,especially

smallerlaptopsorsmartdevices.2Evenworse,staringatthescreenconstantlycanleadtodryeye

syndrome,“saysGilesEdmonds,aclinicalservicedirector.

Dryeyesyndromeisaconditionwheretheeyesdonotmakeenoughtears,orthetearsevaporatetooquickly.

Herearesomesimplesolutionstopreventeyestrainandirritation,andpreserveyoureyehealthoverall.

Restyoureyes.

Followthe20:20:20rule,lookingupfromyourscreenevery20minutesandlookatsomething20feetawayfor

atleast20seconds.3Itinturnreduceseyetiredness.

Adjustyourworkstation.

Changeyourscreensettingstoensurethatthebrightnessandcontrastarebalancedcorrectly,aswellasmaking

fon:slarger.Also,bemindfulofhowyourworkstationispositioned.Adjustyourscreenensuringitis15——20degrees

beloweyelevelandaround50-70cmawayfromtheeyes.4

Reduceglare（眩光）.

5.Tryreducingthisbyattachingananti-glarescreentoyourmonitororlaptoptoavoidexternallight

shiningontothescreen.Glasseswearerscanalsohavelensestreatedwithananti-glarecoating.

A.Peopleshouldtrytoreducethetimespentonthescreen.

B.Onecanreadhisfavoritepaperbooksinsteadofc-books.

C.Haltconfessthey'reforcedtoenlargeimagestoseethemclearly.

D.Anotherthingtofbcusonistomakesureyourroomisproperlylit.

E.Lookingintothedistancehelpsrelaxthefocusingmusclesofyoureyes.

F.Reflectionsonyourcomputerscreencancauseglareandleadtoeyefatigue.

G.Theymayfeeluncomfortable,painful,tiredandevenstarttoitch（發(fā)癢）orburn.

（2024北京延慶高三一模）Doyouwanttobeacognitivesupcragerwhenyouareold?Justasyoutakesteps

towardsafuture-proofingbody,youcanenhanceyourbrain'sresiliencetoagc-rclatcddiseasebyboostingcognitive

reserve.

AndrewSommerlad,anassociateprofessorofpsychiatry,discoversthepowerofcognitivereserveinstudiesof

olderpeoplewhoshowsignsofAlzheimer's（B可爾茲海默癥）intheirbrains.6Actually,threeyearsago,

colleaguesofSommerladhadalsopublishedfindingsfromStudyofAgeing.Theyshowedthathigherlevelsof

cognitivereserveareassociatedwithlowerlevelsofdementia.

7Thestrongcognitivereserveishelpfultostaveoffsymptomsofbrainchangesassociatednotjust

withdementiabutwithotherbraindiseases.Italsohelpsyoutofunctionbetterforlongerwhenfacingunexpected

lifeeventsasyougetolder.

Howdoyouimproveit?Theyoungeryouimplementthingsthatwillbolsterit,thebetter.Forexample,youcan

dotasksthatchallengesyourbrainability,likecrosswords,reading,givingimpromptuspeechandcriticalthinking.

8So,domind-bodypracticeslikeyoga,TaiChiormeditationtoreducestressisalsoimportant.Thiscanhelp

youbalancetheperiodsofmentaldemandandrelaxation.

9ideally,seventoninehoursisoptimalforenhancingcognitivereserve.Startbyimprovingyoursleep

hygienewithstepssuchasavoidingelectronicscreens.

Cognitivereserveisdevelopedthroughalifetimeofeducation,curiosityandpersistence.10

A.Ilseffectsarewidereaching.

B.Additionally,maintainregularsleeppatterns.

C.Soplanaheadtomakesureyoukeepcognitivelybusyandengaged!

D.Therearewaysyoucanimprovesleep,fbrbothyoungandoldpeople.

E.Itsuggeststhatdevelopingagoodcognitiveresenecanbepowerfullyprotective.

F.However,thinkingtoohardfortoolongmaywearyouout,hurtingcognitivereserve.

G.Theycopebetterwithpathological（病理上的）changes,thehighertheirpowersofcognitivereserve.

（2024北京東城高三一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選

項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Today,whatwehave,isanalways-in-your-pockct,24/7newscycle.Whenyouopenanewsapp,you'llnoticea

briefmomentwhenthe"oldnews"isstillthere.Inaflash,theancienthistoryofafewhoursagoissweptawayfor

thenext"breakingnews".11It'sendless,butyouhadbetterkeepup.

Researchersintroducethisworldtothephrase,"noisebottleneck".Anoisebottleneckiswhereweare

ovenvhelmedwithsomuchinformationornoisethatourcognitive（認(rèn)知的）abilitiescan'tkeepup.12

Thus,whileourattentioncanwatchhours,ofvideos,ourlong-termlearningprocessescant

13WewatchTVholdingourphones,andwelistentomusicwhileshopping.However,thehumanbrain

mighthavestructurallimitationrootedinthecognitivearchitecturewhichcausestheslowingdownthatoccurswhen

twotasksarcperformedatthesametime.

Inshort,yourbrainisnotasgoodasyouthinkitis.Youareahumanbeingwhocanonlytakeinsomuchaday.

Understandingthenoisebottleneckallowsustofixit.So,herearcthreetipstogetyougoing:

Clearyourcontent-setupanewaccountonsocialmediaandfollowonlyaccountsorpeoplethatyouthinkare

reallyvaluable.

Single-task-youdon'tneedtoridthephonebutdorid（hedistractions.14Say,"Iwillonlyreadthis

magazineafterdinner.Multitaskingisforshew：single-taskingkforpros.

Acceptyourlimits-yon'llneverreadallthenews.Acceptyoucanonlychoosetwoorthreeandembracethat

fact.15You'regettingmoreoutofthosefew（han（hat^super-productive"persononsocialmediawhosays

theyreadfivebooksaweek.Afterall,it'sbettertohavealittlerememberedthanalotforgotten.

A.Giveyourselfatimelimitorrestrictionifithelps.

B.Don'tbeatyourselfupthatyou'rebeingunproductive.

C.Everysecond,youarepresentedwithnewinformation.

D.Breakingthroughthenoisebottleneckisalegendaryidea.

E.Themailerismadeworsebyourmodernaddiction（omultiia5king.

F.Multitaskinghasdramaticallychangedthewayweuseinformation.

G.Ourbrainshavelimitediesources,spreadacrossnumerousfunctions.

（2024北京西城高三一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選

項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Mostofusareactuallyterribleatgivinggifts.About$70billionworthofpresentsarereturnedeveryyearinthe

U.S.16Herearethreewaystoimproveyourgift-givinggamearoundtheholidays.

Stoptryingtomakeyourgiftssodelightful.17Wewantsomethingfromgiving:thoselooksofdelight.

Thoseexclamations.Thisiswhyitemslikehyper-specifickitchengadgetsandfancyvintageclocksallseemlike

famasticgifts.Buiitturnsout,recipientsoftenwantthingsthatarefarmorepractical-thingstheycanactuallyuse.

18Justgivepeoplewhattheyaskfor.AstudylookedatAmazonwishliststodetermineifpeoplewere

moreappreciativeofgiftsfromthelistversusgiftsthatweretotalsurprises.Itturnedoutthatpeoplewhogotgifts

thatweren'tontheirlistconsideredthemaslessthoughtfulandlesspersonal.19

Howcanwecreateagift-givingplanthatisasemotionalaswedesire?Humanslovetofeelconnected.Andone

waywedothatisbysharinginterestswithothers.Soifyouwanttolearnhowtogivebettergifts,putyourselfinthe

recipient'sshoesandtrytothinkofsomethingyoubothshare.Maybeit'stheloveforasport,drinkingwine,orsome

otherhobby.20Andbecauseyoupickedsomethingyoushare,theywillfeelmoreconnectedtoyouand

appicvialcyuuigiftmuic.

A.Sohowdowcgetlessterrible?

B.Surpriseisoverrated-we'rehappiertogetwhatweaskfor.

C.Sowhat'sthemostpracticalgiftyoucangivethatpeoplemightactuallybegratefulfor?

D.Thelong-termpleasureofthereceivermaynotbeobservedandthereforeisdiscounted.

E.Onceyou'vefoundasharedinterest,goandfindausefulgiftrelatedtothisinterest.

F.Whatrecipientscareaboutishowmuchvaluethey'regoingtogetfromthegiftoveralongert:meperiod.

G.Researchhasshownthatgiversareconsumedbythemomentofunwrappingagiftevenmorsthanthegift

itself.

（2024北京石景山高三一模i根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，

選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

About40%adultsand19%childrenintheUSareobese（肥胖的）.Obesepeoplearealincreasedriskof

manyseriousdiseases,includinghighbloodpressureandheartdisease.21Ifyouaresufferingfromthese,

here'sawayoflosingweightthatyoucantry.

Dietary"self-monitoring"isacommonstrategy.Itinvolvesrecordingwhattheyconsume,andhowmuch.The

theoryisthatwhenthinkingofwhatyouputinyourbody,you'llmakehealthierdecisions.22Ihere'sno

doubtthatdietaryself-monitoringhasbeenshowntohelploseweight.However,notmuchisknownabouthow

longthistakesorhowoftenitshouldbedone.

23Recently,researchersstudiedobeseindividualsinotherwisegoodhealthwhoparticipatedina24-

wcckweightcontrolprogram...Theyrecordedtheirdailydietaryintakeusinganonlineprogram.Thefindings

demonstratedihatpeoplewhocontinuedtorecord（heirfoodintakedailyfor24weekslostmoreweightcompared

tothosewhoquitnotingtheirintake.Peoplewholostatleast10%oftheirweightrecordedtheirfoodintakeabout

3timesaday.24Researchersnotedpeoplemighthavegreatersuccesswithweightlossiftheyrecorded

theirdietaryintakeaboutthreetimesaday,ratherthanrecordingalloftheirmealsinonesitting.

Agoodpiincipletofollowmaybe"writewhenyoubite".Dietaryself-monitoringcanbeperformedin

differentways—usinganonlineprogram,usingapencilorusingsmart-phoneapplications.25

A.Canitreallybethateasy?

B.Itisimportanttofindwhatv/orksforyou.

C.Thus,long-termweightlosstakestimeandeffort.

D.Theriskfactorsthatdetermineobesitycanbecomplex.

E.Incomparison,thosewhorecordedlessdailylostlessweight.

F.Obesityisalsoassociatedvvi:halowerlifequalityandpoormentalhealth.

G.Studyshowsthemoreoftenyoulogyoureating,themoreweightyoumightlose.

（2024北京豐臺(tái)高三一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中

有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

“Findyourpassion!”Whendiscussingfuturecareeroptionsorselectingamajorincollege,yourparentsoften

saythis.Theveryexpressionismeanttoinspire.Butisitgoodadvice?

“Finding"apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,this

ideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.26

Tustudythis,icscaiuhcisUJ>CafiamcwuikuL'flxcd''and"giuwlh“iniiidscls.Theyaigucdialciiuouiaging

peopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsarcinbornand

relativelyunchangeable.27Incontrast,peoplewhoviewinterestsandpassionsasdevelopedhavea

growthmindsetofinterest.

Researchershaverevealedthatafixedmindsetofinterestcandecreasecreativity.Ifpeoplebelievetheyare

limitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeing

importantconnectionsacrossdomains.28

Evidently,peoplecandoaloltoembraceagrowthmindsetofinterest.First,realize（hatyourinterestsand

passionsaren'tpre-existing.Takeanactiveroleindevelopingyourpassions.Second,practisepositiveself-talk.

Whenyoulackinterestinanewtask,payattentiontoyourinnerdialogue.29Forexample,change'Tmnot

interestedinthis''tonotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”

30Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsuswe

shouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wcmightbecomemorecrea:iveandresilientasaresult.

A.Socanagrowthmindsetofinterestbetaught?

B.Insteadpassions,likeinterests,arcdeveloped.

C.Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.

D.Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.

E.Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.

F.Don'texpectthatpursuingnewinterestswillalwaysbeeasyorexciting.

G.Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.

參考答案

1.C2.G3.E4.D5.F

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了長時(shí)間使用小屏幕設(shè)備對(duì)眼睛造成的危害，并提供了一些預(yù)

防眼睛疲勞和刺激、保護(hù)眼睛健康的簡(jiǎn)單方法。

1.根據(jù)空前“Morethanaquarterliavetoenlargethefontsizeontheirmobilephonesotheycanreaditclearly.

（超過四分之一的人不得不把手機(jī)上的字體放大，這樣才能看得清楚）”以及空后“Meanwhile,28%regularly

squinl（昧眼看）althescreen.（與此同時(shí)，28%的人經(jīng)常瞇著眼睛看屏幕）“可知，空前空后都是“Andallof

themaresignsofeyedisorder.（這些者B是眼部疾病的征》K。）“。選項(xiàng)C**Halfconfessthey'reforcedtoenlarge

imagestoseethemcIcarly.（一半的人承認(rèn)他們被迫放大圖像才能看得清楚）”與空前空后內(nèi)容相一致，指的都

是眼部疾病的征兆。故選C。

2.根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容'正venworse,staringatthescreenconstantlycanleadtodryeyesyndrome（更糟糕的是，一直

盯著屏幕會(huì)導(dǎo)致干眼癥）''可推測(cè)，空處指的應(yīng)該是盯著屏幕會(huì)給眼睛帶來損傷。選項(xiàng)G-Theymayfeel

uncomfortable,painful,tiredandevenstarttoitch（發(fā)癢）orburn.（他們可能會(huì)感到不舒服、疼痛、疲倦,甚至

開始發(fā)癢或灼燒）''與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的都是長時(shí)間盯著屏幕會(huì)讓眼睛受損。故選G。

3.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“FoHowthe20:20:20nile,lookingupfromyourscreenevery20minutesandlookatsomething

20feetawayfbratleast20seconds.（遵循20:20:20規(guī)則,每20分鐘從屏幕上抬起頭，看向20英尺以外的地

方至少20秒）”可知，此處具體介紹可以遵循的用眼規(guī)則。選項(xiàng)Et4Lookingintothedistancehelpsrelaxthe

focusingmusclesofyoureyes.（看遠(yuǎn)處有助于放松眼睛的聚焦肌肉）"是」二文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是看遠(yuǎn)處

可以放松眼睛的聚焦肌肉，同時(shí)引出下文“Itinturnreduceseyetiredness.（從而減少眼睛疲勞）故選E。

4.根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Changeyourscreensettingstoensurethatthebrightnessandcontrastarebalancedcorrectly,as

wellasmakingfontslarger.Also,bemindfulofhowyourworkstationispositioned.Adjustyourscreenensuringit

is15-20degreesbeloweyelevelandaround50-70cmawayfromtheeyes.（更改屏幕設(shè)置以確保亮度和對(duì)比度

正確平衡，并使字體更大。此外，要注意工作站的位置。調(diào)整你的屏幕，確保它比眼睛低15—20度，離

眼睛大約50—70厘米廠可知，上文提到了調(diào)整工作站，包括調(diào)整屏幕的位置和亮度等，而合適的照明環(huán)境

也是保護(hù)眼睛的重要因素之一。選項(xiàng)DllAnothcrthingtofocusonistomakesureyourroomisproperlylit.（另

一件需要注意的事情是確保你的房間光線充足）”提醒讀者還要注意照明環(huán)境，以全面保護(hù)眼睛健康，與本

段內(nèi)容相符。故選D。

5.根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Reduceglare（眩光）（減少炫光）”可知，本段建議我們要減少炫光。選項(xiàng)『Reflectionsonyour

computerscreencancauseglareandleadtoeyefatigue.（電腦屏幕上的反光會(huì)引起眩光，導(dǎo)致眼睛疲勞）”提到

了電腦屏幕引起的眩光問題，從市自然引出下文“Tryreducingthisbyattachingananti-glarescreentoyour

monitororlaptoptoavoidexternallightshiningontothescreen.（試著在你的顯示器或筆記本電腦上安裝一個(gè)防

眩光屏幕，以避免外部光線照射到屏幕上。廣，以與本段內(nèi)容相一致。故選F。

6.G7.A8.F9.B10.C

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述的是我們可以過增強(qiáng)認(rèn)知儲(chǔ)各來增強(qiáng)大腦對(duì)與年齡有關(guān)的疾病的抵御能

力。

6.

根據(jù)空后的"Theyshowedthathigherlevelsofcognitivereserveareassociatedwithlowerlevelsofdemeniia.（他們

發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)知儲(chǔ)備水平越高，癡呆癥的發(fā)病率就越低）“可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)認(rèn)知儲(chǔ)備水平越高，癡呆癥的發(fā)病

率就越低。選項(xiàng)G"Theycopebetterwithpathological（病理上的）changes,thehighertheirpowersofcognitive

（他們的認(rèn)知能力越強(qiáng)，就能更好地應(yīng)對(duì)病理性變化）”與下文內(nèi)容保持一致，指的是當(dāng)有阿爾茨海默氏癥跡

象的老年人認(rèn)知能力越強(qiáng)，就能更好地應(yīng)對(duì)病理性變化。故選G。

7.

空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Thestrongcognitivereserveishelpfultostaveoffsymptoms

ofbrainchangesassociatednotjustwith