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一)比較1.Theadvantagefaroutweighthedisadvantages.2.TheadvantagesofAaremuchgreaterthanthoseofB.3.AmaybepreferabletoB,butAsuffersfromthedisadvantagesthat...4.Itisreasonabletomaintainthat...butitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthat...5.Forallthedisadvantages,ithasitscompensatingadvantages.6.Likeanythingelse,ithasitsfaults.7.AandBhasseveralpointsincommon.8.AbearssomeresemblancestoB.9.However,thesameisnotapplicabletoB.10.AandBdifferinseveralways.11.Evidently,ithasbothnegativeandpositiveeffects.12.Peopleusedtothink...,butthingsaredifferentnow.13.ThesameistrueofB.14.WonderingasAis,ithasitsdrawbacks.15.ItistruethatA...,butthechieffaults(obviousdefects)are...二)原因1.Anumberoffactorsareaccountableforthissituation.Anumberoffactorsmightcontributeto(leadto)(accountfor)thephenomenon(problem).2.Theanswertothisprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.3.Thephenomenonmainlystemsfromthefactthat...4.Thefactorsthatcontributetothissituationinclude...5.Thechangein...largelyresultsfromthefactthat...6.Wemayblame...,buttherealcausesare...7.Partoftheexplanationsforitisthat...Oneofthemostcommonfactors(causes)isthat...Anothercontributingfactor(cause)is...Perhapstheprimaryfactoristhat…Butthefundamentalcauseisthat...三)后果1.Itmaygiverisetoahostofproblems.2.Theimmediateresultitproducesis...3.Itwillexerciseaprofoundinfluenceupon...4.Itsconsequencecanbesogreatthat...四)批駁1)Itistruethat...,butonevitalpointisbeingleftout.2)Thereisagrainoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyignoreamoreimportantfact.3)Somepeoplesay...,butitdoesnotholdwater.4)Manyofushavebeenundertheillusionthat...5)Acloseexaminationwouldrevealhowridiculousthestatementis.6)Itmakesnosensetoarguefor...7)Toomuchstressplacedon...mayleadto...8)Suchastatementmainlyrestsontheassumptionthat...9)Contrarytowhatiswidelyaccepted,Imaintainthat...五)舉例1)Agoodcaseinpointis...2)Asanillustration,wemaytake...3)Suchexamplesmightbegiveneasily.4)...isoftencitedasanexample.六)證明1)Noonecandenythefactthat...2)Theideaishardlysupportedbyfacts.3)Unfortunately,noneoftheavailabledatashows...4)Recentstudiesindicatethat...5)Thereissufficientevidencetoshowthat...6)Accordingtostatisticsprovedby...,itcanbeseenthat...七)開篇1)Manynationshavebeenfacedwiththeproblemof...2)Recentlytheproblemhasbeenbroughtintofocus.3)Recentlythephenomenonhasbecomeaheatedtopic.4)Recentlytheissuehasarousedgreatconcernamong...5)Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernover...6)Neverinourhistoryhastheideathat...beensopopular.7)Facedwith...,quiteafewpeoplearguethat...8)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,...9)Withtherapiddevelopmentof...,...八)結(jié)尾1)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecandrawtheconclusionthat...2)Itishightimethatstrictmeasuresweretakentostop...3)Itisnecessarythatstepsshouldbetakento...4)Inconclusion,itisimperativethat...5)Thereisnoeasymethod,but...mightbeofsomehelp.6)Tosolvetheabove-mentionedproblem,wemust...7)Insummary,ifwecontinuetoignoretheabove-mentionedissue,moreproblemswillcropup.8)Withtheeffortsofallpartsconcerned,theproblemwillbesolvedthoroughly.9)Wemightdomorethanidentifythecause;itisimportanttotakeactionsto...10)Takingalltheseintoaccount,we...11)Whetheritisgoodornot/positiveornegative,onethingiscertain/clear...1-1對立法:先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,適用于有爭議性的主題.例如(e.g)[1].Whenaskedabout.....,thevast/overwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesaythat.......ButIthink/viewabitdifferently.[2].Whenitcomesto....,somepeoplebielivethat.......Othersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguements/statements,but(Itendtotheprofer/latter...)[3].Now,itiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/held/acknowledgedthat....Theyclaim/believe/arguethat...ButIwonder/doubtwhether.....1-2現(xiàn)象法引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問題,然后評論.e.g[1].Recentlytheriseinproblemof/(phenomenonof)...hascause/arousedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.[2].Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus.(hasbeenbrouthtopublicattention)[3].Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality...isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwehavetolearntofacenow/constantly.-----Tobecontinued!!1-3觀點(diǎn)法----開門見山,直接了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲎约簩σ懻摰膯栴}的看法.e.g:[1].Neverhistoryhasthechangeof..beenasevidentas...Nowhereintheworld/Chinahastheissue/ideaof..bennmorevisible/popularthan...[2].Nowpeopleingrowing/significantnumbersarebeginnig/comingtorealize/accept/(beaware)that...[3].Nowthereisagrowingawareness/recognationotthenecessityto......Nowpeoplebecomeincreasinglyaware/consciousoftheimportanceof......[4].Perhapsitistimetohaveafreshlookattheattitude/ideathat.......1-4引用法-----先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,來引出文章要展開論述的觀點(diǎn)!e.g:[1]."Knowledgeispower."suchistheremarkmadebyBacon.Thisremarkhasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople."Educationisnotcompletewithgradulation."SuchistheopnionofagreatAmericanphilosopher.Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharehisopnion.[2]."........."Howoftenwehearsuchstatements/wordslikethoses/this.Inourowndaysweareusedtohearingsuchtraditionalcomplainsasthis"......".1-5比較法------通過對過去,現(xiàn)在兩種不同的傾向,觀點(diǎn)的比較,引出文章要討論的觀點(diǎn).e.g:[1].Foryears,...hadbeenviewedas...Butpeoplearetakingafreshlooknow.Withthegrowing...,people........[2].Peopleusedtothinkthat...(Inthepast,....)Butpeoplenowsharethisnew.1-6故事法----先講一個較短的故事來引發(fā)讀者的興趣,引出文章的主題.e.g:[1].Oncein(anewspaper),Ireadof/learnt....Thephenemenonof...hasarousedpublicconcern.[2].Ihaveafriendwho...Shouldhe....?Suchadilemmaweareoftenconfrontwithinourdailylife.[3].Onceuponatime,therelivedamanwho...Thisstorymaybe(unbelievable),butitstillhasarealisticsignificancenow.1-8問題法-----先用討論或解答的設(shè)問,引出自己觀點(diǎn),適用于有爭議性的話題.e.g:Should/What......?Optionsof...varygreatly,some...,others...Butinmyopinion,.......Chapter2文章中間主體內(nèi)容句型原因結(jié)果分析3-1-1.基本原因---分析某事物時,用此句型說明其基本的或者多方面的原因.e.g:[1].Why...?Foronething..Foranother...[2].Theanswertothisprobleminvovlesmanyfactors.Foronething...Foranother......Stillanother...[3].Anumberoffactors,bothphysicalandpsychologicalaffect..../bothindividualandsocialcontributeto....3-1-2另一原因-------->在分析了基本原因之后,再補(bǔ)充一個次要的或者更重要時用!e.g:[1].Anotherimportantfactoris....[2]....isalsoresponsibleforthechange/problem.[3].Certainly,the...isnotthesolereasonfor.....3-1-3后果影響---------分析某事物可能造成的后果或者帶來的影響.e.g:[1].Itwillproduceaprofound/far-reachingeffect/impacton....[2].Ininvolvessomeseriousconsequencefor........比較對照句型3-2-1.兩者比較--->比較兩事物,要說出其一超過另一個,或肯定一事物的優(yōu)點(diǎn),也肯定其缺點(diǎn)的時候用!e.g:[1].TheadvantagesgainedfromAaremuchgreaterthantheadvantageswegainfromB.[2].Indeed,AcarriesmuchweightwhencomparedwithB.[3].Thereisnodoubtthatithasitsnegativeeffectsaswellaspositiveeffects.3-2-2.兩者相同/相似------>比較兩事物共同都有或者共同都沒有的特點(diǎn)時用!e.g:[1].AandBhaveseveralthingincommon.Theyaresimilarinthat.....[2].Abearssomesrikingresemblance(s)toB.ChapterThree文章結(jié)尾形式2-1結(jié)論性---------通過對文章前面的討論,引出或重申文章的中心思想及觀點(diǎn).e.g:[1].Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat.....[2].Insummary/Inaword,itismorevaluable.......2-2后果性------揭示所討論的問題若不解決,將產(chǎn)生的嚴(yán)重后果.e.g:[1].Wemustcallforanimmediatemethod,becausethecurrentphenomenonof...,ifallowedtoproceed,willsurelyleadtotheheavycostof.......[2].Obviously,ifweignore/areblindtotheproblem,thereiseverychancethat..willbeputindanger.2-3號召性--------呼吁讀者行動起來,采取行動或提請注意.e.g:[1].Itistimethatweurgedanimmediateendtotheundesirabletendcyof......[2].Itisessentialthareffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentocorrectthetendency.2-4建議性--------對所討論的問題提出建議性的意見,包括建議和具體的解決問題的方法.e.g:[1].Whileitcannotbesolvedimmediately,stillthereareways.Themostpopularis....Anothermethodis...Stillanotheroneis.....[2].Awareness/Recognitionoftheproblemisthefirststeptowardthesituation.2-5方向性的結(jié)尾方式----其與建議性的唯一差別就是對問題解決提出總的,大體的方向或者指明前景.e.g:[1].Manysolutionsarebeingofferedhere,allofthemmakesomesense,butnoneisadequateenough.Theproblemshouldberecognizedinawideway.[2].Thereisnoquickmethodtotheissueof..,but..mightbehelpful/benefical.[3].Thegreatchallengetodayis......Thereismuchdifficulty,but........2--6意義性的結(jié)尾方式-------->文章結(jié)尾的時候,從更高的更新的角度指出所討論的問題的重要性以及其深遠(yuǎn)的意義!e.g:[1].Followingthesesuggestionsmaynotguaranteethesuccess,butthepayoffmightbeworththeeffort.Itwillnotonlybenefitbutalsobenefit.....[2].Inanycase,whetheritisposotiveornegative,onethingiscertainthatitwillundoubtedly..1.經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展therapiddevelopmentofeconomy

2.人民生活水平的顯著提高/穩(wěn)步增長theremarkableimprovement/steadygrowthofpeople'slivingstandard3.先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)advancedscienceandtechnology4.面臨新的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)befacedwithnewopportunitiesandchallenges5.人們普遍認(rèn)為Itiscommonlybelieved/recognizedthat…6.社會發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果theinevitableresultofsocialdevelopment7.引起了廣泛的公眾關(guān)注arousewidepublicconcern/drawpublicattention8.不可否認(rèn)Itisundeniablethat…/Thereisnodenyingthat…9.熱烈的討論/爭論aheateddiscussion/debate10.有爭議性的問題acontroversialissue

11.完全不同的觀點(diǎn)atotallydifferentargument12.一些人…而另外一些人…Somepeople…whileothers…13.就我而言/就個人而言AsfarasIamconcerned,/Personally,14.就…達(dá)到絕對的一致reachanabsoluteconsensuson…15.有充分的理由支持besupportedbysoundreasons16.雙方的論點(diǎn)argumentsonbothsides17.發(fā)揮著日益重要的作用playanincreasinglyimportantrolein…18.對…必不可少beindispensableto…19.正如諺語所說Astheproverbgoes:

20.…也不例外…benoexception21.對…產(chǎn)生有利/不利的影響exertpositive/negativeeffectson…22.利遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于弊theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.23.導(dǎo)致,引起leadto/giveriseto/contributeto/resultin24.復(fù)雜的社會現(xiàn)象acomplicatedsocialphenomenon25.責(zé)任感/成就感senseofresponsibility/senseofachievement26.競爭與合作精神senseofcompetitionandcooperation27.開闊眼界widenone'shorizon/broadenone'svision28.學(xué)習(xí)知識和技能acquireknowledgeandskills29.經(jīng)濟(jì)/心理負(fù)擔(dān)financialburden/psychologicalburden30.考慮到諸多因素takemanyfactorsintoaccount/consideration31.從另一個角度fromanotherperspective32.做出共同努力makejointefforts

33.對…有益bebeneficial/conduciveto…

34.為社會做貢獻(xiàn)makecontributionstothesociety

35.打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)layasolidfoundationfor…36.綜合素質(zhì)comprehensivequality37.無可非議blameless/beyondreproach39.致力于/投身于becommitted/devotedto…40.應(yīng)當(dāng)承認(rèn)Admittedly,

41.不可推卸的義務(wù)unshakableduty42.滿足需求satisfy/meettheneedsof…43.可靠的信息源areliablesourceofinformation44.寶貴的自然資源valuablenaturalresources45.因特網(wǎng)theInternet(一定要由冠詞,字母I大寫)46.方便快捷convenientandefficient47.在人類生活的方方面面inallaspectsofhumanlife48.環(huán)保(的)environmentalprotection/environmentallyfriendly49.社會進(jìn)步的體現(xiàn)asymbolofsocietyprogress50.科技的飛速更新theever-acceleratedupdatingofscienceandtechnology51.對這一問題持有不同態(tài)度holddifferentattitudestowardsthisissue52.支持前/后種觀點(diǎn)的人people/thoseinfovoroftheformer/latteropinion53.有/提供如下理由/證據(jù)have/providethefollowingreasons/evidence54.在一定程度上tosomeextent/degree/insomeway55.理論和實(shí)踐相結(jié)合integratetheorywithpractice56.…必然趨勢anirresistibletrendof…57.日益激烈的社會競爭theincreasinglyfiercesocialcompetition58.眼前利益immediateinterest/short-terminterest59.長遠(yuǎn)利益interestinthelongrun60.…有其自身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)…h(huán)asitsmeritsanddemerits/advantagesanddisadvantages61.揚(yáng)長避短Exploittothefullone'sfavorableconditionsandavoidunfavorableones62.取其精髓,去其糟粕Taketheessenceanddiscardthedregs.63.對…有害doharmto/beharmfulto64.交流思想/情感/信息exchangeideas/emotions/information65.跟上…的最新發(fā)展keeppacewith/keepabreastwiththelatestdevelopmentof…66.采取有效措施來…takeeffectivemeasurestodosth.67.…的健康發(fā)展thehealthydevelopmentof…68.有利有弊Everycoinhasitstwosides.Nogardenwithoutweeds.69.對…觀點(diǎn)因人而異Viewson…varyfrompersontoperson.70.重視attachgreatimportanceto…

71.社會地位socialstatus72

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