2022年云南省麗江市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

麗江市2022年春季學(xué)期高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)高二英語(yǔ)試卷（全卷四個(gè)部分，共8頁(yè)；滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)在答題卡上填寫清楚。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。在試卷上作答無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASomeMusicFestivalsPitchforkMusicFestivalAnyonewhoadoresindie(獨(dú)立的)musicandup-and-comingartistswillhaveanamazingtimeatthePitchforkMusicFestivalinChicago'sUnionPark.Thisisawonderfulfestivalthatexploresmoreundergroundandless-knownbandsthantheotherbigChicagosummerfestival,Lollapalooza.Date:July14－16Location:Chicago,IllinoisMusicType:IndiePrice:$75－$365EssenceMusicFestivalNomatterwhattimeoftheyearitis,NewOrleansisanincredibleplacetobeifyoulovelivemusic.TheEssenceMusicFestivalisacelebrationofgreatartistslikeDianaRoss,ChakaKhan,andMaryJ.Blige.Date:June29－July2Location:NewOrleans,Louisiana,USAMusicType:R&B,soulPrice:$126－$2,700SzigetFestivalBudapestknowshowtoorganizeaparty,andSzigetisoneofthebiggestcelebrationsofmusicandcultureinallofEurope.YoucanexpecttowatchfavoriteartistslikeBadReligionandMacDeMarcoappearingonthestageshereduringthisseven-dayfestival.Date:August9－15Location:Budapest,HungaryMusicType:Eclectic,indie,rockPrice:$70－$96FlowFestivalTheFlowFestivalisagreatexcusetoexplorethecityofHelsinki.ArtistsincludingLanaDelReyandTheXXwillbeplaying,amongmanyothers.Cometothisfestivaltoenjoyarelaxingatmospherewithanearth-friendlyattitude.Date:August11－13Location:Helsinki,FinlandMusicType:Rock,soul,jazzPrice:$106－$1991.WhatisspecialaboutPitchforkMusicFestival?A.Itismoreindependent. B.Itisheldunderground.C.Itismorefamousthanotherfestivals. D.Itfocusesonunknownbands.2.Wherecanyouenjoyamusicfestivallastingaweek?A.InBudapest. B.InHelsinki.C.InChicago. D.InNewOrleans.3.WhichmusicfestivalwillbeheldinFinland?A.SzigetFestival. B.FlowFestival.C.EssenceMusicFestival. D.PitchforkMusicFestival.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。這篇短文介紹了幾個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)，包括開(kāi)放日期、地點(diǎn)和特點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PitchforkMusicFestival中的“Thisisawonderfulfestivalthatexploresmoreundergroundandless-knownbandsthantheotherbigChicagosummerfestival,Lollapalooza.(這是一個(gè)精彩的音樂(lè)節(jié)，與其他大型的芝加哥夏季音樂(lè)節(jié)Lollapalooza相比，它探索了更多的地下和不太知名的樂(lè)隊(duì)。)”可知，它探索了更多的不太知名的樂(lè)隊(duì)，這正是他的特殊之處。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SzigetFestival中的“Date:August9－15Location:Budapest,Hungary(日期：8月9日至15日地點(diǎn)：布達(dá)佩斯，匈牙利)”可知，在布達(dá)佩斯的音樂(lè)節(jié)持續(xù)一周。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlowFestival中的“Location:Helsinki,Finland(地點(diǎn)：赫爾辛基，芬蘭)”可知，芬蘭舉行的音樂(lè)節(jié)是FlowFestival。故選B。BDoyoumakemoneybydoingsmalljobs?Ifyoudo,youmayhaveheardoftheideaofspendingonlysomeofit,savingsomeofitanddonatingsometopeoplewhoneeditmore.TheheadofFacebook,MarkZuckerberg,andhiswifeannouncedtheyweregivingaway99%oftheirmoneyfromFacebookduringtheirlivestohelpothers!Thataloneisamazingconsideringmostpeopledonateabout3%to5%ofthemoneytheyhave.Itisevenmoreamazingwhenyourealizethey’redonatingabout$45billion.That’s$45,000,000,000!!!!Don’tworry.They’llstillhaveabout$455milliontoliveon!Theymadethisdecisionpartlybecausetheyhadababygirl,Max,andthoughtaboutwhatkindofworldthey’dlikehertogrowupin.Itmustbeanamazingfeelingtohavethatkindofmoneyspentonpeopleinneed.MarkZuckerbergisoneoftherichestpersonsintheworld,somostofuswillneverknowwhatthatwouldbelike.Butwedon’thavetobesuperwealthytomakemeaningfulchange.Sometimeschangecancomefromchange!Ten-year-oldJoeyRothfromAmericastartedsavingupchangehefoundanywhere--aroundhishouse,onthestreet,onhiswaytoschool…Andthenhestartedputtingitinajar.Heevenaskedthetoothfairytodonatesomechangeinhislettertoherafterhelostatooth!(Thetoothfairyisanimaginaryperson.)Hiscollection,JarforChange,hasgrownintoacommunity-wideeffortandhehasraisedover$10,000allfrompeopledroppingcoinsintojars!Themoneyheraisesgoestohelpconnectparentswiththeirverysickbabies.Seewhatthesepeoplehavedone?You,too,canhelpothers—nomatterhowoldyouare,whereyouliveandhowmuchyouearn!4.Howmuchwouldmostpeopledonateiftheyhad20,000yuan?A.60-100yuan. B.300-500yuan.C.600-1000yuan. D.30-50yuan.5MarkZuckerbergandhiswifedecidedtomakesuchadonationpartlybecauseof________.A.JoeyRoth B.theirchildhoodC.theireducation D.theirdaughter6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Makingmoney. B.Givingaway$45billiontohelpothers.C.Beingtherichestpersonintheworld. D.Spendingmoneyunwisely.7.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusbymentioningJoeyRoth’sstory?A.Everyonecanmakeadifference. B.Givingmakespeoplehappy.C.Pocketmoneycanbehelpful. D.Givingisbetterthanreceiving.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹不是非要有很多錢才能幫助他人，我們可以從小處做起?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thataloneisamazingconsideringmostpeopledonateabout3%to5%ofthemoneytheyhave.(考慮到大多數(shù)人捐出大約3%到5%的錢，這本身就很令人驚訝。)”可知，大多數(shù)人會(huì)把自己所擁有資金的3%-5%捐出去，所以，如果有20000元，大多數(shù)會(huì)捐出600-1000元。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theymadethisdecisionpartlybecausetheyhadababygirl,Max,andthoughtaboutwhatkindofworldthey’dlikehertogrowupin.(他們做出這個(gè)決定的部分原因是，他們有了一個(gè)女兒Max，他們想象著她在一個(gè)什么樣的世界里長(zhǎng)大。)”可知，他們捐出這么一大筆錢是因?yàn)樗麄兊呐畠?。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Itisevenmoreamazingwhenyourealizethey’redonatingabout$45billion.(當(dāng)你意識(shí)到他們捐贈(zèng)了450億美元時(shí)，你會(huì)更驚訝。)”和劃線單詞前一句“Itmustbeanamazingfeelingtohavethatkindofmoneyspentonpeopleinneed.(把那么多錢花在有需要的人身上一定是一種很棒的感覺(jué)。)”以及劃線單詞所在句“MarkZuckerbergisoneoftherichestpersonsintheworld,somostofuswillneverknowwhatthatwouldbelike.(馬克·扎克伯格是世界上最富有的人之一，所以我們大多數(shù)人永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道那會(huì)是什么樣子。)”可知，此處說(shuō)的是我們沒(méi)有像他那么多的財(cái)富，所以我們大多數(shù)人都不知道把捐贈(zèng)450億美元用來(lái)幫助別人的感覺(jué)。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段、第三段主要講述了大富翁MarkZuckerberg夫婦捐款助人的事跡；根據(jù)第四段“Butwedon’thavetobesuperwealthytomakemeaningfulchange.(但我們不需要超級(jí)富有才能做出有意義的改變。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為不是非要有很多錢才能幫助他人。接著講述了JoeyRoth這個(gè)普通小男孩攢錢助人的事跡。所以，作者提到這個(gè)小男孩是為了告訴我們每個(gè)人都可以幫助其他人、都可以給這個(gè)世界帶來(lái)改變。故選A。CBlooddonationssavelives.Butbloodcanonlybestoredunderrefrigeration(冷藏)foruptosixweeks.Afterthat,it’snolongerusablefortransfusions(輸血).“Becauseofthatlimitation,peoplehavetocontinuallydonatebloodtomeettheneeds.Butalso,inplaceswhererefrigerationmaynotbeavailable,thatcanalsobeachallenge.It’sdifficulttohavebloodavailablewhenneeded.”UniversityofLouisvillebioengineerJonathanKopecheksays.HealsosaysdisruptionstoregularblooddonationsduetoCOVID-19haveputstressonthebloodsupply,andCOVID-19strengthenstheneedformorereliablelong-termstoragemethods.Butit’sprettyrarebecauseofallthechallengesandcomplexitieswiththatprocess.InsteadKopechek’steamhasdevelopedamethodofpreservingbloodsoitcanbestoredinadehydrated(脫水的)stateatroomtemperature.Todoso,theyturnedtoanunusualpreservative(防腐劑):asugarcalledtrehalose,whichisacommoningredient(成分)indonuts（甜甜圈）tohelpmakethemlookfreshevenwhentheymightbemonthsold,andpeoplewouldn’tknowthedifference.Atthatpoint,thebloodcouldbedriedandmadeintoapowder(粉末).Andthenwecanrehydrate(再水化)thebloodandhaveitreturnbacktonormal.Theteamisstilltryingtoimproveyieldsbutthinksthedriedbloodcouldbestoredatroomtemperatureforyears.Kopecheksaysthetechniquecouldbereadyforclinicaltrialsinthreetofiveyears.Ifsuccessful,itcouldbeusedtocreatestoresofdriedbloodincaseoffuturepandemicsornaturaldisasters,andforfirstaidwork,militaryoperationsorevenmissionstoMars.MaybefirstaidkitsontheRedPlanetwillincludedriedredbloodcells.8.Whyweneedamorereliablemethodtopreserveblood?A.Refrigerationcan’tbeafforded.B.Thecosttostorebloodisveryhigh.C.Peoplecan’tdonatetheirbloodforCOVID-19.D.Bloodcanonlybestoredunderrefrigerationforashorttime.9.Whatmakesthefoodorbloodlookfresh?A.Trehalose. B.Donuts.C.Powder. D.Thenewtechnique.10.Whatcanweknowaboutthetechnique?A.Itissuccessfulnow. B.Ithasbeenputintouse.C.Itwillbewidelyused. D.Ithasbeenresearchedfor3to4years.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtostoreblood.B.Shortageofrefrigeration.C.Anewtechniqueofstoringblood.D.Anewtechniqueusedinmanyfields.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種儲(chǔ)存血液的新技術(shù)的實(shí)驗(yàn)制備過(guò)程和成效以及它的發(fā)展前景?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butbloodcanonlybestoredunderrefrigeration(冷藏)foruptosixweeks.Afterthat,it’snolongerusablefortransfusions(輸血).（但是血液只能在冷藏條件下保存6周。在那之后，它就不能用于輸血了。）”可知，我們需要更可靠的方法來(lái)保存血液是因?yàn)檠褐荒茉诶洳貤l件下短時(shí)間保存。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Todoso,theyturnedtoanunusualpreservative(防腐劑):asugarcalledtrehalose,whichisacommoningredient(成分)indonuts（甜甜圈）tohelpmakethemlookfreshevenwhentheymightbemonthsold,andpeoplewouldn’tknowthedifference.（為了做到這一點(diǎn)，他們使用了一種不尋常的防腐劑:一種叫做海藻糖的糖，它是甜甜圈的常見(jiàn)成分，可以使它們看起來(lái)新鮮，即使它們可能已經(jīng)幾個(gè)月了，而人們不知道其中的區(qū)別。）”可知，是海藻糖讓食物或血液看起來(lái)新鮮。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifsuccessful,itcouldbeusedtocreatestoresofdriedbloodincaseoffuturepandemicsornaturaldisasters,andforfirstaidwork,militaryoperationsorevenmissionstoMars.（如果成功的話，它可以用來(lái)儲(chǔ)存干血，以防未來(lái)的流行病或自然災(zāi)害，以及用于急救工作、軍事行動(dòng)甚至火星任務(wù)。）”可知，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)如果成功，那它將被廣泛使用。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“InsteadKopechek’steamhasdevelopedamethodofpreservingbloodsoitcanbestoredinadehydrated(脫水的)stateatroomtemperature.（相反，科佩切克的團(tuán)隊(duì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)了一種保存血液的方法，這樣它就可以在室溫下以脫水狀態(tài)保存。）”及全文可知，本文主要是講述一種儲(chǔ)存血液的新技術(shù)。故選C。DComparedwiththeobviousenvironmentalissueswehearabouteveryday,litteringoftentakesabackseat-butit’smorepressingthanwemaythink.Somemaysaythatabananapeeloutofyourcaralongthemotorwaywouldbeaharmlessaction.Actually,theyarewrong.Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstodecompose(分解)，andwithathirdofmotoristsadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that’sawholelotofdiscardedbananapeels,ormuchworse.Anorangepeelandacigarettebutthasasimilarbiodegrading(生物降解)termtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminiumcanslastupto100years,andplasticbottleslastforever,sodoglassbottlesandplasticbags.Despitethefactthatlonger-lastingmaterialswillservetodamagetheenvironmentanditsanimalsforlonger,wecan’tonlymeasuretheseverityofacertaintypeofrubbishbyitslifetime.Forexample,despitehavingafairlyshortbiodegradingspan,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlitteristhrownawayintheUKeveryday.Similarly,ourregularlitteringhereandtherehascausedtheUK’smousepopulationtoincreaseby60million.Thissuddenlyisn’tsomysteriouswhenyouconsiderthatsincethe1960sourannuallitteringhasincreasedbyanamazing500%.It’snotacheaphabiteither:UKtaxpayersspent$500milliononkeepingthestreetsclean.So,it’snotsurprisingthatifcaughtfly-tipping,youcouldfacea$20,000fine.Regardlessofhowseverethepunishmentmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000werepunishedoutof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogoinmakingsurepeopleobservetherules.Totakebackourbeautifulcities,weneedtodomorethansimplynotleavingrubbishwhereitoughtnottobe.Weneedtocaremoreabouttheworldaroundus.12.Whichofthefollowingiseasiesttodecompose?A.Analuminiumcan. B.Aplasticbag.C.Anorangepeel. D.Aglassbottle.13.WhatcanweknowfromPara.3?A.AnnuallitteringhasincreasedalittleinUKsincethe1960s.B.Shorter-lastingmaterialswillbelessharmfultotheenvironment.C.Cigarette-relatedlitterisasevereenvironmentalprobleminUK.D.RegularlitteringhascausedtheUK’smousepopulationtoreach60million.14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeUK’spunishmentonlitteringaccordingtoPara.4?A.Everylittlehelps. B.Adropinthebucket.C.Nopains,nogains. D.Fearisoftengreaterthanthedanger.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Littering,asurprisinglybigissue.B.Environmentissue,abigconcern.C.Long-lastingmaterial,ahiddendanger.D.Rubbishcollection,anurgenttask.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了與我們每天聽(tīng)到的那些顯而易見(jiàn)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題相比，亂扔垃圾往往居于次要地位——但它比我們想象的更緊迫?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstodecompose(分解)，andwithathirdofmotoristsadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that’sawholelotofdiscardedbananapeels,ormuchworse.Anorangepeelandacigarettebutthasasimilarbiodegrading(生物降解)termtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminiumcanslastupto100years,andplasticbottleslastforever,sodoglassbottlesandplasticbags.(香蕉皮需要長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩年的時(shí)間才能分解，三分之一的司機(jī)承認(rèn)在開(kāi)車時(shí)亂扔垃圾，這是一堆丟棄的香蕉皮，甚至更糟。橘子皮和煙蒂的生物降解程度與香蕉相似，但錫罐和鋁罐可以保存100年，塑料瓶可以保存100年，玻璃瓶和塑料袋也一樣。)”可知，橘子皮需要兩年時(shí)間才能分解；而鋁罐、塑料袋和玻璃瓶需要100年，所以最容易分解的是橘子皮。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Despitethefactthatlonger-lastingmaterialswillservetodamagetheenvironmentanditsanimalsforlonger,wecan’tonlymeasuretheseverityofacertaintypeofrubbishbyitslifetime.Forexample,despitehavingafairlyshortbiodegradingspan,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlitteristhrownawayintheUKeveryday.(盡管更持久的材料會(huì)更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地破壞環(huán)境和動(dòng)物，但我們不能只通過(guò)垃圾的壽命來(lái)衡量其嚴(yán)重程度。例如，盡管生物降解的時(shí)間相當(dāng)短，但在英國(guó)，每天仍有120多噸與香煙有關(guān)的垃圾被丟棄。)”可推斷，在英國(guó)，與香煙相關(guān)的垃圾是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Regardlessofhowseverethepunishmentmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000werepunishedoutof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogoinmakingsurepeopleobservetherules.(然而，不管處罰看起來(lái)有多嚴(yán)厲，在報(bào)告的82.5萬(wàn)起案件中，只有2000起受到了處罰，所以我們?cè)诖_保人們遵守規(guī)則方面還有一段路要走。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為在垃圾方面的處罰力度是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。選項(xiàng)A“Everylittlehelps.(每一點(diǎn)都是有幫助的。)”；選項(xiàng)B“Adropinthebucket.(滄海一粟、九牛一毛)”；選項(xiàng)C“Nopains,nogains.(沒(méi)有付出就沒(méi)有回報(bào))”；選項(xiàng)D“Fearisoftengreaterthanthedanger.(杞人憂天)”。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Comparedwiththeobviousenvironmentalissueswehearabouteveryday,litteringoftentakesabackseat-butit’smorepressingthanwemaythink.(與我們每天聽(tīng)到的那些顯而易見(jiàn)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題相比，亂扔垃圾往往居于次要地位——但它比我們想象的更緊迫。)”以及最后一段“Totakebackourbeautifulcities,weneedtodomorethansimplynotleavingrubbishwhereitoughtnottobe.Weneedtocaremoreabouttheworldaroundus.(為了奪回我們美麗的城市，我們需要做的不僅僅是不把垃圾留在不該留在的地方。我們需要更多地關(guān)心我們周圍的世界。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹的是亂扔垃圾是一個(gè)很嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Easywaystoimproveyourworkproductivity___16___.TakebreaksoutsideGettingoutsidetostretchyourlegscanboostyourmoodandhelpyoutodisconnectfromyourworkforabit.___17___.Sotakingawalkwhenyoutakeyourbreakwillmeanthatyoureturntoyourdeskfeelingmorepositiveandfocused,readytotacklewhatevertaskisnext.SetagoodmorningroutineAgoodmorningroutinecanmakeaworldofdifferencetoyourday.Setyouralarmalittleearlierandusethetimeyouhavetocreateamorningroutinethatrefreshesandenergizesyou.___18___.Taketimetoreadajournal,pickoutanoutfitthatmakesyoufeelconfident,anddowhateveryouneedtoputyourselfintherightheadspacetohaveagoodday.___19___Justasimportantassettingoutboundarieswhenitcomestoyourwork,setoutboundarieswhenitcomestoyourpersonalandsociallife.Makequalitytimeforyourselfandthepeopleyoulovebysettingboundariesregardingyourworkandgivingtimeandspacetotheotherareasofyourlife.Getenoughsleep___20___.Afteragoodnight'ssleepourbrainwillfeelenergizedandsharp,whereasaroughnight'ssleepcanleaveusfeelingslowandunmotivated.Makesureyou'resettingyourselfupforsuccessbyregularlygettingagoodnight'ssleep.A.SticktoyourboundariesB.HaveapleasantandfulfilledlifeC.GoforarunordosomeyogatostartyourmorningD.Don'tignoretheimportanceofgettingupearlyforworkE.HerearesomeeasywaysthatyoucanimproveyourworkproductivityF.WecannotoverestimatetheimportancethatsleephasonourproductivityG.ThevitaminDwegetfromthesunhasalsobeenproventoboostourmood【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了提高工作效率的三個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Weallwanttogetmoreoutofourdaybutwedon'talwaysknowhowtogoaboutit.(我們都想從我們的一天中得到更多，但我們并不總是知道如何去做。)以及下文列出有效方法，可知空格處承上啟下，E項(xiàng)“這里有一些簡(jiǎn)單的方法可以提高你的工作效率”符合語(yǔ)境，因此下文內(nèi)容。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Takebreaksoutside”可知，本段建議到戶外休息，前文“Gettingoutsidetostretchyourlegscanboostyourmoodandhelpyoutodisconnectfromyourworkforabit.”(到外面去伸展你的雙腿可以提高你的情緒，幫助你暫時(shí)脫離你的工作)可知，下文講述與戶外相關(guān)的原因或因素，戶外一般會(huì)有陽(yáng)光，G項(xiàng)中的“thesun”與上文相符，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“我們從太陽(yáng)中獲得的維生素D也已被證明可以改善我們的情緒”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?8題詳解】上文“Agoodmorningroutinecanmakeaworldofdifferencetoyourday.Setyouralarmalittleearlierandusethetimeyouhavetocreateamorningroutinethatrefreshesandenergizesyou.”(一個(gè)好的早晨習(xí)慣可以讓你的一天變得不同。把你的鬧鐘定得早一點(diǎn)，利用這段時(shí)間來(lái)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)讓你精神煥發(fā)、充滿活力的早晨習(xí)慣)可知，這里主要講述早起養(yǎng)成早間習(xí)慣，讓自己精神煥發(fā)，充滿活力，C項(xiàng)中的“startyourmorning”與上文相符，是一個(gè)早起可以讓你精神煥發(fā)的活動(dòng)。因此推斷C項(xiàng)“去跑步或做一些瑜伽來(lái)開(kāi)始你的早晨”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?9題詳解】空格處為段落標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文“Justasimportantassettingoutboundarieswhenitcomestoyourwork,setoutboundarieswhenitcomestoyourpersonalandsociallife.Makequalitytimeforyourselfandthepeopleyoulovebysettingboundariesregardingyourworkandgivingtimeandspacetotheotherareasofyourlife.”(正如當(dāng)涉及到你的工作時(shí)，設(shè)定界限重要一樣，當(dāng)涉及到你的個(gè)人和社會(huì)生活時(shí)，也要設(shè)定界限。通過(guò)設(shè)定關(guān)于工作的界限，為自己和你所愛(ài)的人留出高質(zhì)量的時(shí)間，并為你生活的其他領(lǐng)域提供時(shí)間和空間)可知，這段主要講的是設(shè)定界限，因此推斷A項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)持你的界限”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Getenoughsleep”可知，本段建議獲得足夠的睡眠，下文“Afteragoodnight'ssleepourbrainwillfeelenergizedandsharp,whereasaroughnight’ssleepcanleaveusfeelingslowandunmotivated.Makesureyou'resettingyourselfupforsuccessbyregularlygettingagoodnight'ssleep.”(睡個(gè)好覺(jué)之后，我們的大腦會(huì)感到精力充沛、思維敏捷，而睡不好會(huì)讓我們感覺(jué)遲鈍、沒(méi)有動(dòng)力。確保定期睡個(gè)好覺(jué)，為成功做好準(zhǔn)備。)講述經(jīng)過(guò)一夜的良好睡眠，我們的大腦會(huì)感到精力充沛和敏銳，而睡不好會(huì)讓我們感到遲鈍和缺乏動(dòng)力。說(shuō)明睡眠對(duì)生產(chǎn)力很重要，因此推斷F項(xiàng)“我們?cè)僭趺磸?qiáng)調(diào)睡眠對(duì)我們生產(chǎn)力的重要性都不為過(guò)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Fiveyearsago,ItookasightseeingtriptoWashingtonDC.Isawmany___21___nationtreasures,andIalsosawmanypoor___22___likebeggarsandhomelessfolks.Standingoutsidethemuseum,Ihearda___23___behindme,“Canyouhelpme?”WhenI___24___around,Isawanelderlyblindwomanwithherhandsextended(伸著).I___25___intomypocket,tookoutthe___26___andplacedtheminherhandwithoutevenlooking___27___her.IhatedbeingtroubledbyabeggarwhenIwas___28___seeingpeopleandthingsaround.Buttomy___29___，theblindwomansmiledandsaid,“Idon'tneedyourmoney.Ijustneedyour____30____tofindthepostoffice.IsoonrealizedIhad____31____anotherpersonforwhatIthoughtshehadtobe.Thisexperiencemademefeelbadaboutmyself.____32____,inmyownlife,Ihavealso____33____manyactsofprejudice(偏見(jiàn)).WhenIworkedasabusboyattheageof17,Iheardafathertellhissonthathewould____34____likemeifhedidn'tworkharder.Ishouldhave____35____thetreatmentandknownwhatitislike.Butnowlivingagoodlifeasanetworkengineer,it'stooeasytoforgetmy____36____,toforgetwhoIamandwhereIhavebeen,andtoignore____37____Iwanttogo.Theblindwomancuredmeofmy____38____.ShemademerealizethatIshouldalwaysstayhumble(謙卑的)andkeepmyeyesandheart____39____Bytheway,Ihelpedthatladytogettothepostoffice.I____40____hopetothankherforthepricelesslessonshegaveme.21.A.wonderful B.official C.colorful D.popular22.A.workers B.audience C.people D.students23.A.cry B.voice C.shout D.noise.24.A.ran B.walked C.looked D.turned25.A.reached B.felt C.checked D.stepped26.A.papers B.pictures C.coins D.cards27.A.for B.at. C.after D.through28.A.imagining B.finishing C.practicing D.enjoying29.A.surprise B.pleasure C.interest D.sorrow30.A.hand B.idea. C.help D.suggestion31.A.trusted B.judged C.forgot D.met32.A.Inshort B.Inbrief C.Inorder D.Infact33.A.experienced B.watched C.found D.accepted34.A.givein B.falldown C.endup D.passaway35.A.kept B.remembered C.received D.refused36.A.pain B.joy C.future D.past37.A.where B.why C.when D.how38.A.foolishness B.kindness C.blindness D.illness39.A.calm B.open C.warm D.shut40.A.equally B.gradually C.frequently D.sincerely【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.C27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B36.D37.A38.C39.B40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是一個(gè)盲人給我上了生動(dòng)的一課，讓我認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的問(wèn)題所在，即不能公平地對(duì)待每一個(gè)人?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到了許多美妙的國(guó)家珍寶，我也看到很多窮人，像乞丐和無(wú)家可歸的人。A.wonderful精彩的；B.official正式的；C.colorful多彩多樣的；D.popular受歡迎的。根據(jù)下文的“nationtreasures”可推知，此處是指精美的國(guó)家珍寶。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到了許多美妙的國(guó)家珍寶，我也看到很多窮人，像乞丐和無(wú)家可歸的人。A.workers工人；B.audience聽(tīng)眾；C.people人們；D.students學(xué)生。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指“窮人”。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：站在博物館外面，我聽(tīng)到身后有一個(gè)聲音：“你能幫我嗎？”A.cry哭喊；B.voice聲音；C.shout大喊；D.noise噪音。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞“Canyouhelpme?”可知，聽(tīng)到的是嗓音，即人說(shuō)話的聲音。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)的時(shí)候，我看到一位年老的盲人婦女伸出她的手。A.ran跑；B.walked行走；C.looked看；D.turned轉(zhuǎn)身。turnedaround轉(zhuǎn)身。根據(jù)上文的“Ihearda___3___behindme”可知，聲音是從后面?zhèn)鱽?lái)的，所以需要轉(zhuǎn)身才能看見(jiàn)說(shuō)話的人。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把手伸進(jìn)口袋，拿出了硬幣，把它們放在她的手上，甚至連看都不看她一眼。A.reached到達(dá)；B.felt感到；C.checked檢查；D.stepped踏。根據(jù)下文“Idon'tneedyourmoney.Ijustneedyour___10___tofindthepostoffice.”可知，作者準(zhǔn)備給老人錢，由此可知，此處指作者把手伸進(jìn)口袋去掏錢。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把手伸進(jìn)口袋，拿出了硬幣，把它們放在她的手上，甚至連看都不看她一眼。A.papers文件；B.pictures圖片；C.coins硬幣；D.cards卡片。根據(jù)下文“Idon'tneedyourmoney.”可知，作者從口袋里掏出錢，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)“硬幣”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我把手伸進(jìn)口袋，拿出了硬幣，把它們放在她的手上，甚至連看都不看她一眼。A.for為了；B.at在；C.after之后；D.through通過(guò)。根據(jù)下文的“Ihatedbeingtroubledbyabeggar”可推知，作者不愿意正眼看這個(gè)“乞丐”。lookat看。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我欣賞周圍的人和事物時(shí)，非常討厭被乞丐纏著。A.imagining想象；B.finishing完成；C.practicing練習(xí)；D.enjoying享受。根據(jù)上文“ItookasightseeingtriptoWashingtonDC.”可知，作者是來(lái)旅行的，因此用“享受”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝是，盲女微笑著說(shuō)：“我不需要你的錢?！盇.surprise驚訝；B.pleasure愉快；C.interest興趣；D.sorrow悲傷。根據(jù)“Idon'tneedyourmoney.”可知，盲人不需要作者的錢，由此推知，作者會(huì)感到驚訝。toone’ssurprise令某人驚訝的是。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是想讓你幫助我找到郵局。A.hand手；B.idea想法；C.help幫助；D.suggestion建議。此人是盲人，由此可知，此處是指她需要作者幫助她找到郵局。且下文的“Ihelpedthatladytogettothepostoffice.”也是提示。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快意識(shí)到，我只是按自己的想法來(lái)判斷一個(gè)人，認(rèn)為她/他一定是這樣的。A.trusted相信；B.judged判斷；C.forgo忘記；D.met遇到。結(jié)合上文作者認(rèn)為盲女是乞丐，和“whatIthoughtshehadtobe.”可知，作者是按自己想法來(lái)判斷別人。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，在我自己的生活中，我也經(jīng)歷過(guò)許多偏見(jiàn)。A.Inshort總而言之；B.Inbrief簡(jiǎn)而言之；C.Inorder按順序；D.Infact事實(shí)上。根據(jù)下文作者講述作者小時(shí)候經(jīng)歷的故事可知，事實(shí)上生活中到處都有偏見(jiàn)。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，在我自己的生活中，我也經(jīng)歷過(guò)許多偏見(jiàn)。A.experienced經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)；B.watched觀看；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.accepted接受。根據(jù)下文“Iheardafathertellhissonthathewould___14___likemeifhedidn'tworkharder.”可知，作者當(dāng)勤雜工時(shí)經(jīng)歷過(guò)被別人看不起的事情。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我17歲作勤雜工時(shí)，我聽(tīng)到一個(gè)父親告訴他的兒子，如果他不更努力，他會(huì)像我一樣完蛋。A.givein屈服；B.falldown跌倒；C.endup結(jié)束；D.passaway去世。根據(jù)下文的“ifhedidn'tworkharder”可知，此處是指父親告訴兒子，如果他不努力，他的結(jié)局就會(huì)和作者當(dāng)時(shí)一樣。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我本應(yīng)該記住那個(gè)遭遇，并且理解它是什么。A.kept保存；B.remembered記得；C.received收到；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)下文“it'stooeasytoforgetmy___16___,toforgetwhoIamandwhereIhavebeen”可知，因?yàn)楹玫纳?，作者忘記了本該記住的恥辱。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是現(xiàn)在作為一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程師過(guò)著美好的生活，我太容易忘記自己的過(guò)去，忘記我是誰(shuí)，我在哪里，忽略我想要去哪里。A.pain疼痛；B.joy喜悅；C.future將來(lái)；D.past過(guò)去。根據(jù)“nowlivingagoodlifeasanetworkengineer”可知，此處是指現(xiàn)在的好生活，讓作者忘記了過(guò)去。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：但是現(xiàn)在作為一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程師過(guò)著美好的生活，我太容易忘記自己的過(guò)去，忘記我是誰(shuí)，我在哪里，忽略我想要去哪里。A.where哪里；B.why為什么；C.when什么時(shí)候；D.how怎么。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句成分完整，但需要“哪里”之意，應(yīng)用連接副詞where。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：失明的女人治好了我的愚昧。A.foolishness愚蠢；B.kindness善意；C.blindness失明；D.illness生病。結(jié)合上文可知，作者以前也經(jīng)歷過(guò)被小瞧，而現(xiàn)在的自己卻瞧不起別人，帶著偏見(jiàn)去判斷別人，這是他的愚昧之處。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她讓我意識(shí)到我應(yīng)該始終保持謙卑，睜開(kāi)眼睛，打開(kāi)心扉。A.calm鎮(zhèn)靜的；B.open開(kāi)著的；C.warm溫暖的；D.shut關(guān)閉的。結(jié)合上文作者甚至都不看一眼這個(gè)盲女，和句中的“Ishouldalwaysstayhumble”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己要保持謙卑，睜大眼睛，打開(kāi)心扉，公平地對(duì)別人做出判斷。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。我衷心希望感謝她給我上的寶貴的一課。A.equally平等地；B.gradually逐漸地；C.frequently頻繁地；D.sincerely真誠(chéng)地。根據(jù)下文“thankherforthepricelesslessonshegaveme.”可知，作者衷心希望可以感謝這位盲女。故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Afterfouryearsoflivinghere,Ihaveabetter___41___(understand)ofnorthernChina’sfood.NorthernChina’sheartyfoodis___42___(general)moreacceptabletoWesterners.TheycanenjoyBeijingroastduck,beefanddairyfromInnerMongolia,andKoreandishesinthenortheast.NorthernChinaexperiencescoldanddrywinters,andhotsummers,___43___(make)caloriesandsaltreplacementmoreimportant.Asaresult,northerndisheshavestrongflavors,comparedwiththesouth___44___dishesarelighterinflavor.WheatisthemaincropofnorthernChina,andyouwillfindavarietyofwheat-flour___45___(product).Riceisalsoeateninthenorth,butitiscertainlysecondarytowheat.Dumplingsareverypopularinthenorth,___46___(serve)withvinegarfordipping.Northernerstendtoeatmoremeatanddairyforthepurpose___47___fightingagainstthecoldweather.Mostmeatdishes___48___(base)onmutton,pork,beef,chicken,andfish.Therearelessfreshvegetablesavailablebecauseof___49___coldweather.Fruitistraditionallylimitedtoafewhardseasonalvarietieslikeapples,soitdoesn’tfeaturemuchinthecuisine,althoughthenorthwestisfamousfor____50____(it)driedfruitandwine.【答案】41.understanding42.generally43.making44.where45.products46.served47.of48.arebased49.the50.its【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)北方的食物特色?！?1題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：在這里生活了四年之后，我對(duì)中國(guó)北方的食物有了更好的理解。短語(yǔ)：haveabetterunderstandingof對(duì)……有更好的理解。故填understanding?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：中國(guó)北方豐盛的食物通常更容易被西方人接受。修飾形容詞acceptable用副詞。故填generally?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：中國(guó)北方經(jīng)歷了寒冷干燥的冬天和炎熱的夏天，這使得熱量和鹽的替代變得更加重要。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示主句一句話所產(chǎn)生的自然而然的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填making?！?4題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：因此，北方菜的味道比較重，而南方菜的味道比較淡。句中先行詞為thesouth，在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where?！?5題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：小麥?zhǔn)侵袊?guó)北方的主要作物，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)各種各樣的小麥粉制品。product為可數(shù)名詞，根上文的“avarietyof”可知，空處填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填products?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：餃子在北方很受歡迎，用醋蘸著吃。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞serve和主語(yǔ)dumplings之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填served?！?7題詳解】考查介詞。句意：為了抵御寒冷的天氣，北方人傾向于吃更多的肉和奶制品。短語(yǔ)：forthepurposeof為了……的目的。故填of?！?8題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：大多數(shù)肉類菜肴以羊肉、豬肉、牛肉、雞肉和魚(yú)為基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)上下文可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)meatdishes為復(fù)數(shù)，和動(dòng)詞base之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填arebased。【49題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：由于寒冷的天氣，能買到的新鮮蔬菜較少。weather前用定冠詞the，表示特指寒冷的天氣。故填the?！?0題詳解】考查代詞。句意：水果傳統(tǒng)上僅限于一些季節(jié)性較強(qiáng)的品種，如蘋果，所以在菜肴中并沒(méi)有太多的特色，盡管西北地區(qū)以果脯和葡萄酒聞名。根據(jù)空后的driedfruitandwine可知，空處為形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)您修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分WhenIamalittlegirl,Iwantedtobeafilmstar.Ithoughtitwouldbecooltobeinthe