2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試新課標(biāo)Ⅰ英語試題含答案

2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷英語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15．B．￡9.18．C．￡9.15．答案是C。1．WhatisKatedoing?A．Boardingaflight．B．Arrangingatrip．C．Seeingafriendoff．2．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Apopstar．B．Anoldsong．C．Aradioprogram．3．Whatwillthespeakersdotoday?A．Gotoanartshow．B．Meettheman'saunt．C．EatoutwithMark．4．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Cancelanorder．B．Askforareceipt．C．Rescheduleadelivery．5．WhenwillthenexttraintoBedfordleave?A．At9：45．B．At10：15．C．At11：00．第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatwilltheweatherbeliketoday?A．Stormy．B．Sunny．C．Foggy．7．Whatisthemangoingtodo?A．Plantatree．B．Movehiscar．C．Checkthemap．聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．WhyisKathyinCalifornianow?A．Sheisonvacationthere．B．Shehasjustmovedthere．C．Sheisdoingbusinessthere．9．WhatistherelationshipbetweenTomandFiona?A．Husbandandwife．B．Brotherandsister．C．Fatheranddaughter．10．WhatdoesKathythankDavefor?A．Findingheranewjob．B．Sendingherapresent．C．Callingonhermother．聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．HowdidJackgotoschoolwhenhewasachild?A．Bybike．B．Onfoot．C．Bybus．12．WhatisJack'sattitudetowardparentsdrivingtheirkidstoschool?A．Disapproving．B．Encouraging．C．Understanding．13．Whatistheproblemwithsomeparentsaccordingtothewoman?A．Overprotectingtheirchildren．B．Pushingtheirchildrentoohard．C．Havingnotimefortheirchildren．聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．WhydidMariepostherkitchengardeningonlineatfirst?A．Tokeeprecordsofherprogress．B．Tosellhome-grownvegetables．C．Tomotivateherfellowgardeners．15．WhydoesMarierecommendbeginnerstogrowstrawberries?A．Theyneednospecialcare．B．Theycanbeusedincooking．C．Theybearalotoffruitsoon．16．WhatisdifficultforMarietogrow?A．Herbs．B．Carrots．C．Pears．17．WhatisMarie'sadvicetothoseinterestedinkitchengardening?A．Aimhigh．B．Keepfocused．C．Stayoptimistic．聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Whatis“LifeofJohnson”？A．Amagazinecolumn．B．ATVseries．C．Ahistoricalnovel．19．WhatisJohnsonfamousfor?A．Hisactingtalent．B．Hishumorouswriting．C．Hislongsportscareer．20．WhendidJohnsonjoinSportsTimes?A．In1981．B．In1983．C．In1985．第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHABITATRESTORATIONTEAMHelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge．We'llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting，andseedcollection．HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys．GROUPSGroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance．PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm．AGE，SKILLS，WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome．ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15．BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm．Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned．We'llbeworkingrainorshine．Wearclothesthatcangetdirty．Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary．Bringapersonalwaterbottle，sunscreen，andlunch．Noexperiencenecessary．Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided．Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements．UPCOMINGEVENTSTimeMeetingLocationSunday，Jan．15BatteryAlexanderTrailhead10：00am－1：00pmSunday，Jan．22StinsonBeachParkingLot10：00am－2：30pmSunday，Jan．29CoyoteRidgeTrailhead9：30am－2：30pm【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。HabitatRestorationTeam招募志愿者，列出了一些對志愿者的要求以及將來要做的一些事情的具體要求。21．WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．Todiscovermineralresources．B．Todevelopnewwildlifeparks．C．Toprotectthelocalecosystem．D．Toconductbiologicalresearch．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge．”可知，HabitatRestorationTeam的目的是幫助恢復(fù)和保護(hù)馬林的一些自然區(qū)，也就是保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C項(xiàng)。]22．WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．5．B．10．C．15．D．18．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING下列出的第一、二條可知，10歲是志愿者的年齡下限。故選B項(xiàng)。]23．Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A．Bringtheirowntools．B．Workeveninbadweather．C．Wearateamuniform．D．Doatleastthreeprojects．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING下列出的第三條“We'llbeworkingrainorshine．Wearclothesthatcangetdirty．Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary．”可知，不管下雨天還是晴天，志愿者都要工作。故選B項(xiàng)。]B“Iamnotcrazy，”saysDr．WilliamFarber，shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit．“Iamaheadofmytime．”Ifheseemsalittledefensive，itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods．ButFarberiscertainhe'llhavethelastlaugh．He'soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing“holistic”medicine—combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine．Farber，agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity，startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian．Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain．Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief．Thenhetriedacupuncture，anancientChinesepractice，andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments．Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients．So，afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears，hebeganofferingthemtopets．LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition．AfterCharliehadaheartattack，Tindalesays，shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep，butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths．AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse，Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment．Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime，andifthepastisanyindication，hemayberight：Since1982，membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700．“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell，”hesays．“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal．That'smyjob．”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了獸醫(yī)Dr．WilliamFarber正在利用“整體”醫(yī)學(xué)來治療動(dòng)物，“整體”醫(yī)學(xué)就是將傳統(tǒng)的西方療法與針灸、按摩療法和草藥結(jié)合起來。24．WhatdosomeofFarber'scoworkersthinkofhim?A．He'sodd． B．He'sstrict．C．He'sbrave． D．He'srude．A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“evensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods”可知，他的一些同事會(huì)嘲笑他的不尋常的治療方法，所以Farber的一些同事認(rèn)為他很古怪。故選A項(xiàng)。]25．WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A．Hewastrainedinitatuniversity．B．Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian．C．Hebenefitedfromitasapatient．D．Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners．C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，20年前，F(xiàn)arber患上了嚴(yán)重的背痛，他嘗試了肌肉放松藥物，但收效甚微。后來，他嘗試了針灸，驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過兩三次治療后，他的疼痛有所緩解。所以他決定給他的“病人”使用針灸療法。也就是說，他自己從針灸中受益。故選C項(xiàng)。]26．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Stepsofachiropractictreatment．B．Thecomplexityofveterinarians'work．C．Examplesofrareanimaldiseases．D．Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine．D[段落大意題。第三段主要舉了兩個(gè)Farber利用“整體”醫(yī)學(xué)有效治療動(dòng)物的例子。這也是整體醫(yī)學(xué)所取得的效果。故選D項(xiàng)。]27．WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A．ToproveFarber'spoint．B．Toemphasizeitsimportance．C．Topraiseveterinarians．D．Toadvocateanimalprotection．A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Farberiscertain．．．Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700．”可知，自1982年以來，美國整體獸醫(yī)醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)的會(huì)員從30個(gè)增加到700多個(gè)。這說明美國整體獸醫(yī)醫(yī)學(xué)逐漸受到歡迎，證明了Farber利用“整體”醫(yī)學(xué)來治療動(dòng)物是正確的。故選A項(xiàng)。]CIscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper？Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial？Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften“no．”Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors，includingreducedconcentration，anentertainmentmindset(心態(tài))andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent．Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore，learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit'sonpaperthanonscreen．Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding．Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshine_throughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext．Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper'sphysicalproperties．Withpaper，thereisaliterallayingonofhands，alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages．Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey'vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage．Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect．Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假說)．”Accordingtothistheory，peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia，whichareoftennotsoserious，anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint．Audio(音頻)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext，andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say，assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson．However，psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories，theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces．Digitaltexts，audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles，especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint．However，formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor，educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame，evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。本文作者認(rèn)為印刷文本比電子類文本更有利于學(xué)習(xí)。28．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough”inparagraph2mean?A．Seemunlikelytolast．B．Seemhardtoexplain．C．Becomereadytouse．D．Becomeeasytonotice．D[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句可知，當(dāng)閱讀幾百字或更多文字的文本時(shí)，在紙上學(xué)習(xí)通常比在屏幕上更成功。畫線短語所在句句意為：當(dāng)實(shí)驗(yàn)者從完成簡單的任務(wù)(如確定閱讀段落的主要思想)到需要抽象思想的任務(wù)(如從文本中推斷)時(shí)，印刷文本閱讀的益處尤為明顯。由此可知，shinethough表示“表現(xiàn)出來，容易注意到”。故選D項(xiàng)。]29．Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?A．Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly．B．Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand．C．Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly．D．Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia．A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint．”可知，這個(gè)“假說”認(rèn)為：人們接觸數(shù)字文本時(shí)，心態(tài)與處理方式往往與不那么嚴(yán)肅的社交媒體相似，他們投入的精力也較少。故選A項(xiàng)。]30．Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?A．Theycanholdstudents'attention．B．Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare．C．Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills．D．Theyaremoreinformativethantext．A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句中的“Audioandvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext”可知，因?yàn)橐纛l和視頻比文本更吸引人，所以大學(xué)老師使用越來越多的音頻和視頻。故選A項(xiàng)。]31．Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques．B．Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial．C．Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation．D．Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored．C[推理判斷題。最后一段中However后面的內(nèi)容是作者要強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。作者認(rèn)為：為了最大限度地提高需要集中注意力和反思的學(xué)習(xí)效果，教育者不應(yīng)該假設(shè)所有媒體都是一樣的，即使它們包含相同的詞匯。作者還是強(qiáng)調(diào)印刷書籍的作用不可替代。故選C項(xiàng)。]DIntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct，researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords．Today，mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos，videos，andotherdigitalrecords．Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea，anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect．“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication，”saidBarnabasDaru，whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences．“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(標(biāo)本)，andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange，Iwantedtoknow：Aretheyusable？”Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants，insects，birds，andanimals，Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns．“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data，likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit，”saidDaru．Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage．Moreover，thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions，timeperiods,andspecies．Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby．Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures．Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?“Quitealot，”Daruexplained．“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled．Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata，biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage．”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要說明以照片、視頻和其他數(shù)字形式記錄的大多數(shù)生物多樣性的記錄并不完美。32．Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?A．Theyarebecomingoutdated．B．Theyaremostlyinelectronicform．C．Theyarelimitedinnumber．D．Theyareusedforpublicexhibition．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords．”可知，目前大多數(shù)生物多樣性的記錄通常以照片、視頻和其他數(shù)字記錄的形式出現(xiàn)。這說明這些記錄主要是電子形式的。故選B項(xiàng)。]33．WhatdoesDaru'sstudyfocuson?A．Threatenedspecies．B．Physicalspecimens．C．Observationaldata．D．Mobileapplications．C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Daru說的話可知，他的研究越來越多地使用觀察數(shù)據(jù)來調(diào)查物種是如何對全球變化做出反應(yīng)的，故選C項(xiàng)。]34．Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?A．Mistakesindataanalysis．B．Poorqualityofuploadedpictures．C．Improperwayofsampling．D．Unreliabledatacollectiondevices．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，不恰當(dāng)?shù)牟蓸臃绞綄?dǎo)致了偏差。故選C項(xiàng)。]35．WhatisDaru'ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?A．Reviewdatafromcertainareas．B．Hireexpertstochecktherecords．C．Confirmtheidentityoftheusers．D．Giveguidancetocitizenscientists．D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Daru的解釋，生物多樣性應(yīng)用程序可以使用他們的研究結(jié)果來告知用戶哪些區(qū)域被過度采樣，并引導(dǎo)他們到那些采樣不足的地方或物種進(jìn)行采樣。生物多樣性應(yīng)用程序也可以鼓勵(lì)用戶讓專家確認(rèn)他們上傳的圖像的身份。這表明他的建議是生物多樣性應(yīng)用程序?yàn)槠矫窨茖W(xué)家提供指導(dǎo)。故選D項(xiàng)。]第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers．Ifyouwanttobepublished，it'svitaltosubmitaperfect，professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿)．__36__Noeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly．Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk：dictionaryandthesaurus(同義詞詞典)．Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker．__37__Ofcourse，thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses，butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers．IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus．__38__Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword，thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar，butnotidentical．Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced．Inaddition，Ihaveanoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary，pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence．Ofcourse，withits2，672pages，it'snotexactlyshort．Itcontainsaround163，000words，pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases．__39__However，ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage，there'snothingbetter．ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublishedin1755．“Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work，”wroteJohnson，illustratingonedefinitionof“dull”．__40__Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience．A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary．B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext．C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem．D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread．E．Ofcourse，adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling．F．Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes．G．Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。作者主要說明自己喜歡用紙質(zhì)詞典以及使用這種詞典的好處。36．F[空前面一句提到：如果你想發(fā)表作品，提交一份完美、專業(yè)的手稿是至關(guān)重要的。F選項(xiàng)表示：這意味著語法不錯(cuò)和沒有拼寫錯(cuò)誤。F選項(xiàng)是對前面一句的補(bǔ)充說明，闡明一份完美、專業(yè)的手稿是什么樣子的。故選F項(xiàng)。]37．B[空前一句提到：“我”不信任“我”的筆記本電腦的拼寫檢查器。因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)說明檢測器不好的一方面。B選項(xiàng)表示：它不考慮上下文。B選項(xiàng)中的“It”指代前面的“spellchecker”。故選B項(xiàng)。]38．E[空后面兩句話說明詞典應(yīng)該有準(zhǔn)確的釋義和讀音。后面兩句話的主語都是It，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該提到It所指代的物。E選項(xiàng)表示：當(dāng)然，詞典不僅僅是用于拼寫的。后面兩句中的It指代E選項(xiàng)中的“adictionary”，且E選項(xiàng)的意思和下文相輔相成。故選E項(xiàng)。]39．A[空前內(nèi)容提到：作者買了兩卷本的老詞典，有2672頁，含有大約163000個(gè)詞條?？蘸竺嬉痪涮岬剑喝欢?，如果我需要檢查一個(gè)單詞的起源或查找其用法的例子，沒有什么比這更好的了。由此可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)表示作者不是經(jīng)常使用這套比較古老厚重的詞典，與后面形成轉(zhuǎn)折。故選A項(xiàng)。]40．D[空前一句提到編寫詞典是枯燥的。空后一句提到花幾分鐘時(shí)間看一兩頁詞典會(huì)是一次很有意義的經(jīng)歷。由此可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)表示看詞典的好處。D選項(xiàng)表示：但讀詞典是一件樂事。D選項(xiàng)承上啟下。故選D項(xiàng)。]第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife．WhenIwasateenager，aneighborhoodfriend__41__amarathonrace．Feelingmotivated，Istartedrunning__42__，butthentwothingshappened．First，agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas__43__fora“super，”referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon．Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles．Tobehonest，I__44__it！Betweenthegirlmakingmy__45__seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging，Idecidedthattheonly__46__I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!SoI__47__cycling．Igotagoodbikeandrodealot．I__48__ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister．Whileshewasatworkoneday，I__49__herbikeandwentforaride．The__50__：TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime．I'dneverfacedsuch__51__．Thatday，Igot__52__byabout100“l(fā)ocal”bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads．WhenIgotbackhome，suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas__53__．I've__54__alotsincethen．I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever__55__Isetformyself，theyjusthavetobemyown．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章作者以前經(jīng)常受其他人的影響去做一些事情，但現(xiàn)在自己成熟了，去接受自己設(shè)定的適合自己的目標(biāo)。41．A．knew B．heldC．won D．quitC[根據(jù)下文“Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning”可推知，一位社區(qū)的朋友贏了馬拉松，所以“我”受到激勵(lì)，也開始跑。故選C。]42．A．regularly B．silentlyC．proudly D．recentlyA[根據(jù)上文“Feelingmotivated”可推知，既然被激勵(lì)了，所以應(yīng)該是經(jīng)常跑。故選A。]43．A．a(chǎn)sking B．lookingC．waiting D．trainingD[根據(jù)設(shè)空處所在句句意可知，女孩要跑52.4英里的雙程馬拉松，所以她要為了成為一名“超人”而訓(xùn)練。故選D。]44．A．made B．believedC．hated D．deservedC[根據(jù)下文中的“thepureboredomofjogging”可知，對于這種慢跑，作者是不喜歡的。故選C。]45．A．a(chǎn)dvantage B．a(chǎn)chievementC．contribution D．influenceB[上文提到一天“我”遇到一個(gè)女孩，她要跑52.4英里的雙程馬拉松，而“我”跑的最長距離只有15英里，女孩讓“我”的成就看起來很渺小，所以使“我”泄氣。故選B。]46．A．way B．riskC．place D．reasonD[根據(jù)上文可知，女孩讓“我”的成就看起來很渺小，所以使“我”泄氣?！拔摇睕Q定，“我”再一次跑的唯一理由就是如果有一只大狗在追“我”！故選D。]47．A．gaveup B．wentonC．turnedto D．dealtwithC[上一段最后提到“我”放棄跑步了，所以此處指“我”轉(zhuǎn)向了騎行。故選C。]48．A．heard B．dreamedC．complained D．a(chǎn)pprovedB[上文提到“我”有一輛好自行車并且騎了很多次。所以此處指“我”夢想著參加自行車比賽。故選B。]49．A．painted B．borrowedC．bought D．parkedB[根據(jù)設(shè)空處所在句中的“Whileshewasatworkoneday”和“herbikeandwentforaride”可知，一天她上班的時(shí)候，“我”就借用了她的自行車去騎行。故選B。]50．A．problem B．secretC．principle D．a(chǎn)dviceA[根據(jù)設(shè)空處后面的內(nèi)容可知，那里的道路穿過大山谷，“我”每次都要騎行好幾英里的上坡路，這對“我”來說是一個(gè)問題。故選A。]51．A．dangers B．eventsC．opponents D．challengesD[根據(jù)上文“whereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime”可知，騎上坡路好幾英里對“我”來說是很大的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。]52．A．passed B．convincedC．a(chǎn)dmired D．stoppedA[根據(jù)設(shè)空處所在句中的“byabout100‘local’bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads”可知，此處指作者被他們超過了。故選A。]53．A．reliable B．convenientC．familiar D．a(chǎn)ppealingD[根據(jù)上文可知，因?yàn)轵T車上山對“我”來說很難，“我”被當(dāng)?shù)氐募s100個(gè)騎行者超過，所以騎自行車對我來說也不吸引人了。故選D。]54．A．traveled B．maturedC．missed D．worriedB[前文提到其他人總是激勵(lì)“我”也會(huì)使“我”泄氣。這使“我”不能堅(jiān)持自我，自己也不成熟。此處指經(jīng)歷了這些事情后，“我”變得成熟了。故選B。]55．A．limits B．datesC．goals D．testsC[以前的“我”總是受其他人的影響去做或放棄某事，但現(xiàn)在“我”已經(jīng)接受“我”為自己設(shè)定目標(biāo)，它們都必須是“我”自己的目標(biāo)。故選C。]第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HeatherwickStudiorecentlybuiltagreenhouseattheedgeoftheNationalTrust'sWoolbedingGardens．Thisbeautifulstructure，namedGlasshouse，isatthecentreofanewgardenthatshowshowtheSilkRoadinfluencesEnglishgardenseveninmoderntimes．Thelatest56．________(engineer)techniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotective57．________(function)structurethatisalsobeautiful．Thedesignfeaturestensteel“sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(鋁)．Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays58．________(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair．Incoldweather，thestructurestays59．________(close)toprotecttheplants．Further，theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60．________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad，bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor61．________firsttime．TheseplantsincludedmodernWestern62．________(favourite)suchasrosemary，lavenderandfennel．ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad．Thepathoffersover300plantspeciesforvisitorstosee，too．TheGlasshousestands63．________agreatachievementincontemporarydesign，tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute64．________broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchofthe65．________(rich)ofgardeninginEngland．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一個(gè)新項(xiàng)目——一個(gè)位于國家信托基金會(huì)伍爾貝丁花園邊緣的動(dòng)態(tài)溫室，并詳細(xì)描述了該溫室的設(shè)計(jì)、功能以及它如何與古絲綢之路的歷史和絲綢花園相結(jié)合。56．engineering[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。engineer作名詞講時(shí)，意為“工程師”；作動(dòng)詞講時(shí)，意思是“設(shè)計(jì)，建造”。engineering是名詞，意思是“工程；工程學(xué)”。此處應(yīng)用名詞修飾名詞，engineeringtechniques意為“工程技術(shù)”。故填engineering。]57．functional[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處用形容詞修飾后面的名詞structure，function作名詞講時(shí)，意為“功能，作用”，它的形容詞形式是functional，意為“功能的，職能的，實(shí)用的”。functionalstructure意為“功能建筑物”。故填functional。]58．togive[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。故填togive。]59．closed[考查形容詞。句意：在寒冷的天氣里，這個(gè)建筑物會(huì)保持關(guān)閉以保護(hù)植物。此處stays是系動(dòng)詞，stays相當(dāng)于is。其后接形容詞表狀態(tài)。close的形容詞形式為closed，表示“封閉的；不開放”。故填closed。]60．walks[考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語。根據(jù)后面的句子中的謂語可知，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句子主語是“theSilkRouteGarden”，是單數(shù)形式，所以謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填walks。]61．the[考查冠詞。forthefirsttime意思是“第一次”，是固定搭配。故填the。]62．favourites[考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“suchas”后面列舉的多個(gè)事物，所以最喜愛的東西不止一個(gè)，用favourite的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填favourites。]63．a(chǎn)s[考查介詞。standas意為“作為……而存在”。故填as。]64．that/which[考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“________broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometo．．．England”是限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞theSilkRoute。設(shè)空處在定語從句中作主語，故填關(guān)系代詞that/which。]65．richness[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前面的“muchofthe”以及空后面的“of”可知，此處需填名詞，且是不可數(shù)名詞。rich的名詞形式是richness，意思是“豐富”。故填richness。]第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，上周五你們班在公園上了一堂美術(shù)課。請你給英國朋友Chris寫一封郵件分享這次經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：(1)你完成的作品；(2)你的感想。注意：(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；(2)請按如下格式作答。DearChris，I'mwritingtosharewithyouanartclassIhadinaparklastFriday．__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua[參考范文]Dear_Chris，I'm_writing_to_share_with_you_an_art_class_I_had_in_a_park_last_Friday．_Wewereaskedtodraworpaintsomethingthatimpressedusmost．Inspiredbythefantasticscenery,Ideterminedtocreateawatercolorpaintingofthepondinthepark．Withtreesreflectedintheclearwater,itwasreallyfascinating．AfterIfinishedit,myartteacherthoughthighlyofitbecauseitwastruetolife．Theexperiencewasmeaningful．Beingexposedtonaturenotonlysparkedmycreativitybutalsomademeadmirescenery．Inaword,thisspecialartclassgotmetolovenatureaswellasart．Yours，Li_Hua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ImetGunteronacold，wetandunforgettableeveninginSeptember．IhadplannedtoflytoViennaandtakeabustoPragueforaconference．Duetoabigstorm，myflighthadbeendelayedbyanhourandahalf．ItoucheddowninViennajust30minutesbeforethedepartureofthelastbustoPrague．ThemomentIgotofftheplane，Iranlikecrazythroughtheairportbuildingandjumpedintothefirsttaxiontherankwithoutasecondthought．ThatwaswhenImetGunter．ItoldhimwhereIwasgoing，buthesaidhehadn'theardofthebusstation．Ithoughtmypronunciationwastheproblem，soIexplainedagainmoreslowly,buthestilllookedconfused．WhenIwasabouttogiveup，Gunterfishedouthislittlephoneandrangupafriend．Afteraheateddiscussionthatlastedforwhatseemedlikeacentury,Gunterputhisphonedownandstartedthecar．Finally，withjusttwominutestosparewerolledintothebusstation．Thankfully，therewasalongqueue(隊(duì)列)stillwaitingtoboardthebus．Gunterparkedthe