必修一Unit 1 寫作與閱讀（教師版）

Unit1寫作與閱讀應(yīng)用文寫作——建議信本單元的寫作任務(wù)是應(yīng)用文類別中的“建議信”。建議信是就某件事情向收信人提出建議或給出忠告。有可能是寫給個人的，也有可能是寫給某個機(jī)構(gòu)或組織的。而高考英語試題中書面表達(dá)一般都要求寫私人信件，私人信件是指親朋好友或同事之間的來往信件，通常包括五部分，即信頭、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語和簽名。一、基本結(jié)構(gòu)1．開頭(beginning)——開門見山，向?qū)Ψ疥愂鲎约旱挠^點(diǎn)(stateyouridea)。2．主體(body)——對所提出的問題進(jìn)行分析并說明理由，接著提出自己的建議(reasonsandsuggestions)。3．結(jié)尾(ending)——呼應(yīng)開頭，重申觀點(diǎn)(restateyouropinion)。二、注意事項(xiàng)1．寫作文體：建議信屬于應(yīng)用文，但高考中一般都會給出書信的格式。2．主體時態(tài)：文章通常以一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時為主，也可以根據(jù)需要適當(dāng)使用其他時態(tài)。3．主體人稱：由于是給對方提建議，所以人稱主要為第一人稱和第二人稱。一、開頭常用語1．Thankyouverymuchforyourletter!來信已收到，甚為感謝！2．Iknowyouarenowhavingtroublecommunicatingwithothers,andyoumayoftenfeellonely.我知道你現(xiàn)在在與人交流方面有些麻煩，你也可能經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)。3．I'mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceon很高興收到你就……征求建議的來信。4．Herearesometips/afewsuggestionstohelpyou.這里是對你有幫助的一些建議。二、正文常用語1．Isuggestyoudo...我建議你做……2．Ithinkyoushould...我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該……3．I'msureyouwill...我認(rèn)為你會……4．AsfarasIamconcerned/Inmyopinion,youshould...就我而言/在我看來，你應(yīng)該……三、結(jié)尾常用語1．Thanksforreadingmyletter.Idohopeyouwillconsidermysuggestions.謝謝你看我的信。我希望你會考慮我的建議。2．Ibelievethatifyoufollowmyadvice,you'llgetalongwellwithyourclassmates.我相信，如果你聽從我的建議，你會和同學(xué)們相處得很好。3．Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionspractical/useful/helpful.我希望你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些建議實(shí)用/有用。假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國朋友Susan在交友方面有些困難。請根據(jù)下面提示給她寫一封信。1．要交朋友首先要做一個朋友；2．要和朋友同甘共苦；患難之中的朋友才是真朋友；3．友誼需要時間和投入。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearSusan，Yours，LiHua【答案】DearSusan，Iamsorrytoknowthatyouarehavingtroubleinmakingfriends.However,thesituationiseasytochangeifyoutakemyadvice.Herearesometipstohelpyou.Tobeginwith,whynotbeafriendfirstifyouwanttomakefriends?Inaddition，wouldn'titbeagoodideaifyousharehappinessandsorrowwithyourfriend?Justasasayinggoes,“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”Lastbutnotleast,itwouldbeagoodideaifyouputyourheartintomakingfriends.Itiswell-knowntousallthatfriendshipcallsfortimeandeffort.Ihopeyouwillfindtheseideasuseful.Yours，LiHua總評本文作者經(jīng)過精巧的構(gòu)思，設(shè)計(jì)了寫作的切入點(diǎn)，能夠用簡潔明快的語言囊括試題中要求表達(dá)的所有信息。語言表達(dá)靈活，不是單純地羅列題干所要求的幾個注意事項(xiàng)。內(nèi)容連貫自然，條理清楚，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，靈活地使用了連接詞和過渡語；語言誠懇而且正式，完全符合信件的格式。全文體現(xiàn)了作者較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力。[亮點(diǎn)呈現(xiàn)](1)靈活準(zhǔn)確地使用大量短語：havetroubleindoingsth.“做某事有麻煩(困難)”；takeone'sadvice“采納某人的建議”；tobeginwith“首先，起初”；inaddition“另外，除此之外”；lastbutnotleast“最后，但同樣重要的”；putone'sheartinto“全身心地投入”，這體現(xiàn)了作者深厚的語言功底。(2)Justasasayinggoes,“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”此諺語運(yùn)用地道、準(zhǔn)確。(3)第二段多處使用if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，使句式結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜多變。閱讀天天練閱讀理解AThismonthinTravelersCornertherearethreeteenagers'experiencesinyear-abroadprogrammes.Mariko_Okada—TokyoMyyearabroadintheUnitedStateswasafantasticeq\a\vs4\al(W1)experience.I'mnotashyperson,andIwasverycomfortablespeakingtoeveryone.SoIgotlotsofspeakingpractice.IalsolearnedlotsofinterestingthingsaboutAmericanculture.WhenIgothome,myfriendsallsaidthatIhadimprovedsomuch!Ihopetogobackagaininthefuture.Carla_Fonseca—Rio_de_JaneiroIspentlastyearstudyingEnglishinLondon.I'mfromasmalltown,andLondonisaverybigcity.SometimesIfeltitwastoobig.Thereweresomanypeopletotalkto,butIalwaysfeltbadaboutmyEnglish.Imissedmyfamily,andIreallymissedmytwocats.Myroommateeq\a\vs4\al(W2)wasalwaysusingourtelephone,soIhardlyhadthechanceforeq\a\vs4\al(P)anicelongtalkwithmyparents.Ithinkitwasagoodexperienceforme,butI'mgladtobehome!Alvin_Chen—Hong_KongStudyinginNewZealandwasaninterestingexperienceforme,butitwasalsolotsofhardwork!IhadEnglishclassessixhoursaday,fivedaysaweek—withlotsofhomework.Ialsokeptadiaryofmyexperience.Iliketowrite,andIwrotetwoorthreepagesinmydiaryeveryday.OnSaturdays,myhomestayfamilytookmetolotsofinterestingplacesandshowedmesomanywonderfulthingsabouttheculture.I'mreallygladIwent！篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了三個青少年為期一年在國外的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。1．Allthethreeteenagerswentabroad________.A．tohaveaholiday B．tovisitfriendsC．tostudyEnglish D．tofindajobC【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MarikoOkada—Tokyo...SoIgotlotsofspeakingpractice...CarlaFonseca—RiodeJaneiroIspentlastyearstudyingEnglishinLondon...AlvinChen—HongKong...IhadEnglishclassessixhoursaday,fivedaysaweek”描述，可知這三個人都是去國外學(xué)英語。故選C。2．Whodidn'treallyenjoythestayinaforeigncountryverymuch?A．Carla. B．Mariko.C．Alvin. D．Noneofthem.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“CarlaFonseca—RiodeJaneiro...Imissedmyfamily,andIreallymissedmytwocats.”及該段最后一句中的“butI'mgladtobehome”描述，可知卡拉不太喜歡待在外國。故選A。3．TravelersCornerismostprobably________.A．a(chǎn)sportsclubnewsletterB．a(chǎn)sciencedocumentaryC．a(chǎn)newswebsiteD．a(chǎn)travelmagazineD【解析】推理判斷題。聯(lián)系文章開頭的“threeteenagers'experiencesinyear-abroadprogrammes”描述可知，TravelersCorner可能是一本關(guān)于旅行的雜志。故選D。BNowadays,manykidsaren'tinterestedinasummercampthatinvolveseq\a\vs4\al(W1)paddlingeq\a\vs4\al(W2)acanoeorsingingcampfiresongs.Butthatdoesn'tmeansummercampisoutaltogether.Fortunately,therearesummercampsthatwillsuitalmostanyteenager'stastes.And,manyofthemprovideopportunitiestopreparethemfortheirfutureaspirations.HollywoodStunteq\a\vs4\al(W3)CampAteenagerwholovesadventureandmoviesmayenjoyit.Teenagerslearnavarietyofeq\a\vs4\al(P1)stunts,includinghowtoperforminaflightsceneandjumpofftallbuildings.TheyalsogainanunderstandingofhowHollywoodstarsperformavarietyoftrickswithoutgettinginjured.Eachcampergetstoperformstuntsforanoriginalfilmandparticipateineq\a\vs4\al(P2)aweeklyshowduringtheone-ortwo-weekcamp.KidsComedyCampKidsagedbetween10and18canspendtwoweeksatGothamComedyClubinNewYorkCitytolearnaboutcomedy.Attheendofthetwoweeksofholidaycamp,thekidswillperformaliveshow.Ifyou'vegotanaspiringonyourhands，thiscamphasalottooffer.RockStarCampIfyourteen'sanaspiringmusician,rockstarcampmaybeafunopportunitytolearnandplay.LocatedinRunningSprings,itprovidesinstructionsforaspiringmusiciansonhowtoimprovetheirskillsandtheirperformances.AllcampersreturnhomewithaCDoftheirownmusic.CampBizSmartItteacheskidstheskillsnecessarytooperateabusiness.Kidslearnabouteverythingfrompublicspeakingtonegotiationeq\a\vs4\al(W4).Theywillworktogetheronreal-lifeprojectsandbusinesscasesfor10days.EachcampsessiontakesplaceinCalifornia.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四個不同的夏令營及這些夏令營對孩子們的不同幫助，父母們可以通過這篇文章選擇適合他們孩子的夏令營來提高孩子的能力。1．Theunderlinedword“aspirations”inthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby________.A．reputations B．determinationsC．a(chǎn)mbitions D．imaginationsC【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Fortunately,therearesummercampsthatwillsuitalmostanyteenager'stastes.And,manyofthemprovideopportunitiestopreparethemfortheirfutureaspirations.”可知夏令營幾乎適合任何青少年，并且可以為他們以后想要從事的職業(yè)以及他們的雄心壯志做準(zhǔn)備，由此推知“aspirations”指的是青少年們的雄心，故選C。2．InHollywoodStuntCamp,kidswill________.A．betaughtbyfamousHollywoodfilmstarsB．beabletoseetheHollywoodfilmsforfreeC．participateintheweeklyshowatleastthreetimesD．learnsomethrillingperformanceskillsinfilmsD【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Teenagerslearnavarietyofstunts,includinghowtoperforminaflightsceneandjumpofftallbuildings.TheyalsogainanunderstandingofhowHollywoodstarsperformavarietyoftrickswithoutgettinginjured.”可知在好萊塢特技營里，孩子們會學(xué)習(xí)一些電影中的驚險的特技表演技巧，故選D。3．WhatisspecialaboutCampBizSmartaccordingtothetext?A．Itisaimedataged11to15.B．Itisaimedatimprovingkids'businessskills.C．Participantsworkonreal-lifeprojects.D．Participantscanalsolearnperformanceskillsthere.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itteacheskidstheskillsnecessarytooperateabusiness.Kidslearnabouteverythingfrompublicspeakingtonegotiation.Theywillworktogetheronreal-lifeprojectsandbusinesscasesfor10days.”可知在BizSmart中孩子們會學(xué)習(xí)一些做生意的必要的技能，它可以提高孩子們的商業(yè)技能，故選B。4．Thistextisprobablyintendedfor________.A．engineers B．teachersC．musicians D．parentsD【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知本文作者主要向我們介紹了一些對孩子們有不同作用的夏令營，因此可推知本文是為父母寫的，故選D。語法填空1Haveyouhadaheadacheduringatest?Haveyoueverbeen__1__worriedaboutsomethingthatyouhaveaheadacheorevencan'tsleepatnight?Ifso,thenyouknow__2__stressis.Somekindsofstresscanhelpyougetthings__3__(do)better,likewhenyouarerunningtowardsthefinishinglineorwhenyou__4__(ask)togiveaspeechtoyourclass.Stresscanhelppushyoutomakefull__5__(prepare)foratest.However,toomuchstresscanresultinanger,depressionandotherproblems,whichweneedtotake__6__(serious)．Therearemanythingsinourlife__7__mightcausestress—havingtoomuchhomework,takingahardtest,__8__havingeconomicproblems.Itisimpossibletolivealifecompletelyfreeofstress,soyoushouldlearntodealwithstress.Thebestway__9__(reduce)stressistohavea__10__(balance)life.Ifyougetenoughsleepandhaveenoughfuntime,youwillfeellessstressed.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章作者主要講了造成壓力的原因與壓力的兩面性，并說明了如何減壓。1．so【解析】考查固定句型。句意：你是否曾經(jīng)很擔(dān)心一些事情，以至于頭疼甚至晚上睡不著覺。so...that“太……以至于”，是固定句型，所以填so。2．what【解析】考查賓語從句的連接詞。__2__stressis作動詞know的賓語，是一個賓語從句，該空引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中作表語，意為“什么”，故填what。3．done【解析】考查非謂語動詞。有些壓力能幫助你把事情做得更好?！皌hings”和“do”之間是被動關(guān)系，故用getsth.done結(jié)構(gòu)，所以填done。4．a(chǎn)reasked【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)?！皔ou”和“ask”之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，描述一個客觀的事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以填areasked。5．preparations【解析】考查固定短語。句意：壓力能夠逼迫你為考試充分地做準(zhǔn)備。makepreparationsfor“為……準(zhǔn)備”，是固定短語，所以填preparations。6．seriously【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：然而，過多的壓力會導(dǎo)致憤怒、沮喪和其他的一些問題，這些我們需要嚴(yán)肅地對待。take是動詞，需要用副詞修飾，所以填seriously。7．that/which【解析】考查定語從句。句意：在我們生活中，有許多造成壓力的事情——太多的家庭作業(yè)，參加很難的考試，或者是有一些經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾manythings，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指物，所以填that/which。8．or【解析】考查連詞。句意：在我們生活中，有許多造成壓力的事情——太多的家庭作業(yè)，參加很難的考試，或者是有一些經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。題干中意思是“或者……”，故填or。9．toreduce【解析】考查非謂語動詞。由only,last,next序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞后常用不定式作定語，所以填toreduce。10．balanced【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。life是名詞，用形容詞修飾名詞，所以填balanced。語法填空2Ihave__1__warmstorytosharewithyou.AschoolinSanFrancisconotonlyacceptedadeafstudent,butalso__2__(teach)theentireclasssignlanguagetoallowthemtobettercommunicatewithhim.The__3__(move)storybeganinSeptemberlastyearwhenawomanaskedtheprimaryschoolinherneighborhood__4__(accept)hersix－year－oldson,James,__5__hasahearingdisability.Theteacher,Lily,agreedalmostimmediately,but__6__thefirstdayofschool,shenoticedJames__7__(sit)allbyhimself,unabletocommunicatewithanyofhisclassmates.Dete