高考英語(yǔ)新人教版選修6一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義第一編教材回眸Unit4Globalwarming

Unit4Globalwarming聽第1段材料，回答第1題。1．Whatisthemanplainingabout?A．Thehotclimate. B．Thepollution.C．Thehousingproblems.答案：A聽第2段材料，回答第2題。2．Whatwastheweatherlikeduringthewoman'sholidays?A．Warmerthansheexpected.B．Colderthansheexpected.C．Itwastoocold.答案：B聽第3段材料，回答第3至5題。3．Wherewasthemanborn?A．InBeijing. B．InShanghai.C．InScotland.答案：A4．HowistheweatherinScotlandinsummer?A．Dryandcold. B．Coldandwet.C．Hotandwet.答案：B5．Whichistheirfavoriteseason?A．Winter. B．Summer.C．Spring.答案：C【技巧點(diǎn)撥】在聽力題中，一定要注意如：I'msorry,I'mafraid或but等后的內(nèi)容，往往這就是正確答案之所在。如聽力第2題，but后的意思為“要是再暖和些就更好了”，可知此人認(rèn)為天氣比預(yù)料中要冷。Text1M：Itkeepsgettinghotterandhotterduringthesummer.W：That'sbecauseofthegreenhouseeffect.Weshouldcontrolthereleaseofgreenhousegases.Text2M：Howwastheweatherduringyourholidays?W：Notbad,butitwouldhavebeenbetterifithadbeenalittlebitwarmer.Text3W：Michael,whereareyoufrom?M：IwasborninBeijing,butIliveinShanghainow.Howaboutyou?W：I'mfromScotland.M：Oh?What'sitlike?W：Well,theweatherisprettycoldthere.Actually,mostofScotlandiscoldandoftenwet.I'msureit'sthecoldestpartoftheBritishIsles.M：Beijingisverycoldinwintertoo,althoughit'smoreofadrycold,ifyouknowwhatImean.However,Ilikewinter;it'smyfavoriteseason.Summerisjusttoohot!W：Well,Ithinkyou'reluckytohaveahotsummer.Scotland'ssummerisprettymiserable,wetandcold.M：Doyouthinkpeople'spersonalitiesaredefinedbytheclimatetheylivein?W：Well,that'saninterestingidea.Ithinkthere'sdefinitelysomethinginit,becausewhentheweatherishot,Ieasilylosemytemper,butwhenit'scooler,Ifeelmuchcalmer.M：Ifit'sraining,Ialwaysfeeldepressed.Icryalongwiththeweather!W：Springalwaysmakesmefeelhappy;thebirdsaresingingandthewholeatmosphereseemscheerful.M：Hmm,Iagree.Ithinkspringismyfavoriteseasontoo.1．核心單詞(1)quantity(n.)量；數(shù)量→quality(n.)質(zhì)量(2)tend(vi.)趨向；易于；照顧(vt.)照顧；護(hù)理→tendency(n.)傾向；趨勢(shì)(3)oppose(vt.)反對(duì)；反抗；與(某人)較量→opposed(adj.)反對(duì)的；對(duì)立的(4)state(vt.)陳述；說(shuō)明→statement(n.)聲明；陳述；表現(xiàn)(5)range(n.)種類；范圍(v.)(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng)；變化；排列(6)glance(vi.)看一下；掃視(n.)一瞥(7)steady(adj.)平穩(wěn)的；持續(xù)的；穩(wěn)固的→steadily(adv.)平穩(wěn)地；持續(xù)地(8)widespread(adj.)分布廣的；普遍的(9)average(adj.)平均的(10)circumstance(n.)環(huán)境；情況2．閱讀單詞(1)consume(vt.)消費(fèi)；消耗；耗盡；吃完(2)random(adj.)胡亂的；任意的(3)phenomenon(n.)現(xiàn)象(phenomenapl.)(4)trend(n.)趨勢(shì)；傾向；走向(5)flood(n.)洪水；水災(zāi)(6)mild(adj.)溫和的；溫柔的；淡的(7)consequence(n.)結(jié)果；后果；影響(8)existence(n.)生存；存在(9)advocate(vt.)擁護(hù)；提倡，主張(10)contribution(n.)貢獻(xiàn)(11)disagreement(n.)分歧；不一致【即景活用】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Many________(consume)plainaboutthehighpriceofvegetables.答案：consumers2．Manypeopledonotbelievethe________(exist)oftheghosts.答案：existence3．Itwas________(state)thatthepresidentwouldmakeaspeechnextweek.答案：stated4．Thereisavarietyofanimals________(range)fromrabbitstotigersinthepark.答案：ranging5．Thenumberofpeoplehavingmobilephonesisincreasing________(steady)．答案：steadily6．Ifsomethingbadhappensonaparticularday,peoplehavea________(tend)toassociatethatdaywithnegativeevents.答案：tendency7．Agroupofchildrenwere________(random)dividedintotwoclasses.答案：randomly8．Theseexperimentsweretofindtheconnectionbetweenthetwo________(phenomenon)．答案：phenomena9．Whatnewspapersandmagazinesdoyou________(subscribe)to?答案：subscribe10．Theyfeltthatitwaswrong________(advocate)owningguns.答案：toadvocate聯(lián)想積累1．與“災(zāi)難”有關(guān)的名詞集錦①flood洪災(zāi)②drought旱災(zāi)③disaster災(zāi)難④catastrophe大災(zāi)難⑤earthquake地震⑥tsunami海嘯⑦survivor幸存者⑧victim受害者2．名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化小結(jié)①phenomenon→phenomena現(xiàn)象②datum→data數(shù)據(jù)③medium→media媒體④criterion→criteria標(biāo)準(zhǔn)⑤bacterium→bacteria細(xì)菌1．e_about發(fā)生；造成2．subscribe_to同意；贊成；訂購(gòu)3．quantities_of大量的4．go_up上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起5．result_in導(dǎo)致6．be_opposed_to反對(duì)7．even_if即使8．keepon繼續(xù)9．onthewhole大體上；基本上10．onbehalfof代表……一方；作為……的代言人11．putupwith忍受；容忍12．solongas只要13．a(chǎn)ndsoon等等【即景活用】用所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空andsoon，resultin，putupwith，eabout，goup，onbehalfof1.________alltheguestshere,Iwishtothankyouforgivingusthiswarmreception.答案：Onbehalfof2．Withthehousingprices________,moreandmorepeoplecan'taffordanapartment.答案：goingup3．Wearestillwonderinghowit________thattheexperimentendedinfailure.答案：cameabout4．WhatIcan't________isthathenevercaresaboutothers'feelings.答案：putupwith5．Thetrafficaccidentresultedfromthedriver'scarelessness,________thedeathofthreepeople.答案：resultingin6．Thefarmgrowsvariouskindsofcrops,suchaswheat,corn,cotton________.答案：andsoon聯(lián)想積累1．“動(dòng)詞＋about”短語(yǔ)薈萃eabout發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生bringabout引起；導(dǎo)致；帶來(lái)thinkabout考慮learnabout得知2．“動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)＋with”一覽①endupwith以……結(jié)束②doawaywith廢除③geton/alongwith和……融洽相處④befedupwith對(duì)……感到厭煩⑤goonwith繼續(xù)⑥catchupwith趕上⑦keepupwith跟上⑧putupwith忍受1．Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases,theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在未來(lái)幾十年或幾個(gè)世紀(jì)內(nèi)，氣候仍會(huì)持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖。2．ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff!只要你在使用電器設(shè)備，你可以讓它開著，如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！【句式仿寫】1．________________(即使下雨)tomorrow,wewon'tchangeourplan.答案：Evenif/thoughitrains2．______________________(只要我們不失去信心)andkeepontrying,wearesuretogetoverdifficultiesandachieveouraims.答案：So/Aslongaswedon'tloseheart聯(lián)想積累1．evenif/though用法全掌握①evenif/though“即使；盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。②evenif從句的內(nèi)容通常是假設(shè)性的，所以有時(shí)還可用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣；這樣用的evenif與單獨(dú)使用的if比較接近。2．solongas用法一覽so/aslongas“只要”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于onconditionthat,providedthat或if(只要，如果)。[單詞點(diǎn)津]quantityn.量；數(shù)量；大量[教材原句]Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.當(dāng)我們?cè)诖髿鈱又性黾恿舜罅款~外的二氧化碳的時(shí)候，問題就開始了。eq\x(\a\al(inquantity＝inlargeamounts大量；很多,alarge/smallquantityof大量的/少量的,quantitiesof大量；許多))【特別提醒】(1)aquantityof或quantitiesof后既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式也可接不可數(shù)名詞。(2)“aquantityof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致；而“quantitiesof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)?！炯淳盎钣谩?1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,quantitiesofgoodearth________(be)beingwashedawayeachyear.②________quantityofvegetableshavebeensuppliedtothecitizens.答案：①are②A(2)單句改錯(cuò)Hewantstobuythebooksinquantities,sothestorekeeperwillnotchargehimmuch.______________________________________________________答案：quantities→quantity(3)完成句子Alargequantityofairconditioners____________sincethesummercame.入夏以來(lái)，大量空調(diào)被售出。答案：havebeensoldopposevt.反對(duì)；反抗；與(某人)較量[教材原句]Ontheotherhand,therearethose,likeGeorgeHambley,whoareopposedtothisviewandbelievethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.在另一方面，還有一些人，像科學(xué)家喬治·漢布利，反對(duì)上面的觀點(diǎn)，他們認(rèn)為我們不必?fù)?dān)心空氣中會(huì)有高含量的二氧化碳。(1)opposesth./doingsth./sb.doingsth.反對(duì)某事/做某事/某人做某事(2)opposedadj.相反的；對(duì)立的beopposedto...反對(duì)……；與……對(duì)立(3)oppositeadj.相反的；對(duì)立的prep.與……相反；在……對(duì)面beoppositeto在……對(duì)面；與……相反【特別提醒】(1)oppose后跟表示動(dòng)作的詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用動(dòng)名詞形式。beopposedto結(jié)構(gòu)中，to是介詞，其后也要用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。(2)表示反對(duì)的其他表達(dá)：disagreewith,objectto,beagainst等?！炯淳盎钣谩?1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theparentsstronglyopposedtheirchild________(go)therealone.②Franklyspeaking,myviewsaredirectly________(oppose)tothoseofmyfriends.答案：①going②opposed(2)完成句子He____________thesuggestiontobuildanewhall.他反對(duì)修建新禮堂的建議。答案：opposed/wasopposedtorangen.種類；范圍；幅度；界限v.(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng)；變化；排列[教材原句]...itwillencourageagreaterrangeofanimals...……這將會(huì)促進(jìn)動(dòng)物物種多樣化……(1)awiderangeof...范圍廣泛的；各種各樣的in/withinrangeofsth.在可及的范圍內(nèi)；在視覺(或聽覺)范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofrangeofsth.超出……的范圍；在范圍外beyond/outofone'srange某人能力達(dá)不到的(2)rangefrom...to...在……范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)rangebetween...and...在……和……范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)【即景活用】(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空Theshowhadalargeaudience,________(range)fromchildrentograndparents.答案：ranging(2)完成句子①Therateforasingleroomatthehotel____________20dollars________50dollarsaday.旅館的單人房間的價(jià)錢從每天20美元到50美元不等。②Theywillincludeintroductionsto____________writingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywriting.它們將介紹各種各樣的寫作風(fēng)格，從詩(shī)歌到戲劇創(chuàng)作。③Thepriceofthehouseiswell________________.這棟房子的價(jià)格遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了我們能承受的范圍。答案：①rangesfrom;to②awiderangeof③beyondourrangeglancevi.看一下；掃視n.一瞥[教材原句]Glancequicklyatthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.迅速看一下雜志上的文章并回答問題。(1)glanceat/over/through瀏覽；匆匆地看一眼glanceoff擦過；(光)從……反射回來(lái)(2)atfirstglance乍一看；最初看到時(shí)have/takeaglance(atsb./sth.)(朝某人/某物)一瞥；匆匆看一眼【特別提醒】glance“一瞥，掃視”；表示有意地、有目的地一望，有時(shí)帶有“暗暗地看”的含義Heglancedattheclock.Itwas9：50pm.他當(dāng)時(shí)瞟了一眼鐘表，時(shí)間顯示是晚上9：50glare“怒目而視”；強(qiáng)調(diào)懷有敵意或在氣憤的情緒下看Heglaredatmelikeabullataredrag.他像公牛怒視紅布一樣對(duì)我怒目而視stare“盯，凝視”；指出于好奇、驚訝、贊嘆等原因而長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地、直接地注視，常含粗魯無(wú)禮的意味Hestaredatmeasifseeingmeforthefirsttime.他目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著我，就像第一次看見我似的【即景活用】(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①She________(glance)thiswayandthatandlookedverynervous.②Heglanceddown________methroughhisglasses.答案：①glanced②at(2)完成句子______________,theproblemseemseasy.However,lateryou'llfinditdifficulttoworkout.乍一看，這問題似乎很簡(jiǎn)單。然而，隨后你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它很難解決。答案：Atfirstglanceaverageadj.平均的；普通的n.平均；平均數(shù)vt.&vi.算出……的平均數(shù)；平均為[教材原句]Thegreenhouseeffectgivestheearth'ssurfacetheaveragetemperatureof15℃.溫室效應(yīng)使地球表面的平均溫度保持在15℃。(1)anaverageof平均有(后跟數(shù)詞)(2)onaverage平均來(lái)看；平均above/belowaverage在平均水平以上/以下uptoaverage達(dá)到平均水平【即景活用】(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Anaverage________just18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,makingitthedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecameastatein1850.②Susiestudieshardandherschoolworkiswell________average.答案：①of②above(2)完成句子____________,Ispend2hoursonlineeveryday.平均來(lái)說(shuō)，我每天花在網(wǎng)上的時(shí)間達(dá)2小時(shí)。答案：Onaverage[短語(yǔ)點(diǎn)撥]eabout發(fā)生；造成[教材原句]Sohowhasthiseaboutanddoesitmatter?那么，這種溫度的上升是怎么產(chǎn)生的呢？它要緊嗎？Howdiditeaboutthat...?……是怎樣發(fā)生的？eacross偶遇eintobeing形成；產(chǎn)生；出現(xiàn)eintopower上臺(tái)執(zhí)政；當(dāng)權(quán)eintoeffect生效eout出版；結(jié)果是；發(fā)芽eupwith提出；想出whenitesto...當(dāng)談到……時(shí)eon跟著來(lái)；跟上來(lái)；[口]得啦；快點(diǎn)eto總計(jì)；達(dá)到；歸納為【特別提醒】eabout,happen,takeplace和breakout這四個(gè)表示“發(fā)生”的詞語(yǔ)，都是不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))，不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)?！炯淳盎钣谩客瓿删渥英賍___________________heshouldknowourplan?他是怎么知道我們的計(jì)劃的？②Shehasamentaltoughnessthatdidnot________bychance.她的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)精神并不是偶然產(chǎn)生的。③I'venever____________anyonequitelikeherbefore.以前我從未遇到過像她那樣的人。答案：①Howdiditeaboutthat②eabout③eacrossresultin導(dǎo)致[教材原句]Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.他們還贊同下述觀點(diǎn)，正是由于越來(lái)越多地燃燒化石燃料才導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。resultfrom由……造成；起因于……asaresult結(jié)果作狀語(yǔ)，常置于句首，并用逗號(hào)和后面句子隔開asaresultof由于……的原因withoutresult毫無(wú)結(jié)果【即景活用】(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空Asweallknow,hishardworkresulted________hissuccess.答案：in(2)完成句子①M(fèi)oreover,theoverreleasingofcarbondioxidemay______________lessrainfall,theglobalwarmingandsoon.并且，二氧化碳的過量排放也會(huì)導(dǎo)致雨量減少、全球變暖等。②____________,inordertoenrichmysocialexperience,Idecidedtoapplyforthejob.結(jié)果，為了豐富我的社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我決定申請(qǐng)這份工作。答案：①resultin②Asaresult[句型與語(yǔ)法][教材原句]Itishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.全球變暖正是人類活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致而成的，并非是一種無(wú)規(guī)律的自然現(xiàn)象。該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為句子的主語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的陳述句形式：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式：Is/wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分？強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞＋is/wasitthat＋其他成分？【特別提醒】(1)當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)可用that/who，否則只能用that。(2)not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為：Itis/wasnotuntil...＋that＋其他成分?！炯淳盎钣谩?1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Itwasbecauseofbadweather________thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.②ItisMarywhooften________(help)mewithmyEnglish.答案：①that②helps(2)完成句子①Itwas__________________________backhomeaftertheexperiment.做完實(shí)驗(yàn)后直到半夜他才回到家。②Was________youthatIsawlastnightattheconcert?昨晚在音樂會(huì)上我看到的是你嗎？答案：①notuntilmidnightthathewent②it[教材原句]Ittakesalotofenergytomakethingsfromnewmaterials,so,ifyoucan,buythingsmadefromrecycledmaterials.用新材料來(lái)做這些東西要花費(fèi)大量的能源，因此，只要有可能，就買那些用回收材料制成的物品吧。(1)Ittakes/tooksb.sometime/money/energy...todosth.某人花費(fèi)一些時(shí)間/金錢/精力等做某事(2)表示花時(shí)間或金錢做某事，還可表達(dá)為：Sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth./(in)doingsth.【即景活用】(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空________takesstrengthandpatiencetobealong-distancerunner.答案：It(2)單句改錯(cuò)Thatwouldtakehimtwoyearstobuildthehouse.______________________________________________________答案：That→It(3)完成句子Ittookherthreehours________________.＝She____________________herbicycle.她修理自行車用了三個(gè)小時(shí)。答案：tomendherbicycle;spentthreehourson/(in)mendingThereisnodoubtthatitishumanactivities__1__havecausedthisglobalwarmingratherthan__2__randombutnaturalphenomenon.Allscientistssubscribe__3__theviewthattheincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuels.The“greenhouseeffect”begins__4__weaddhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphereandmoreenergytendstobetrappedintheatmosphere__5__(cause)theglobaltemperaturetogoup.Theburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelshasresulted__6__theincreaseincarbondioxide.__7__，theattitudesofscientistsaredifferent.Somethinkthatthetrendwouldbeacatastrophe.Butsomeareopposedtothisview__8__theypredictthatanywarmingwillbemildwithfewbadenvironmental__9__(consequent).Eventhoughwehavetakensomemeasures,theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecades__10__centuries.1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________答案：1.that2.a3.to4.when5.causing6.in7．However8.and9.consequences10.orⅠ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Fatherisstronglyopposedto________(go)shoppingonSundaybecausethestreetsandsupermarketsarefullofpeople.答案：goingbeopposedto...“反對(duì)……”，其中to為介詞，其后應(yīng)接名詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。2．Thepricesofthiskindofwineranged________tenyuan________100yuanperbottle.答案：from;torangefrom...to...“在某范圍內(nèi)變化”。3．Thoughheislessthanoneyearold,heisstrongenoughtowalk________(steady)．答案：steadily副詞作狀語(yǔ)，在句中修飾動(dòng)詞walk。4．Doyouknowhowtheaccidentcame________?答案：abouteabout“發(fā)生”。5．WithSpringFestivalapproaching,pricesoffruitandvegetables________(go)up.答案：havegonegoup“上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起”。6．Quantitiesofmoney________(spend)inbringingupthechildrensincetheyweremarried.答案：havebeenspent“aquantityof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞的數(shù)保持一致；而“quantitiesof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。且由since可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，再根據(jù)money與spend之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填havebeenspent。7．Howmanytimesdoyoudineoutperweek________average?答案：ononaverage“平均起來(lái)；平均來(lái)說(shuō)”。句意：你平均每周在外用餐多少次？8．Underthese________(circumstance),whatmattersmostisnotonlyourpersistencebutalsoourattitude.答案：circumstancesunderthesecircumstances“在這些情況下”。9．Thegapbetweentherichandthepoorhasa________(tend)tobeewiderandwider.答案：tendency由設(shè)空前的a可知，應(yīng)填名詞形式，tendency“趨勢(shì)；傾向”。10．Theheavysnowcaneasilyresult________manyaccidentsinwinter.答案：inresultin“導(dǎo)致”。Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Thedoctortreatedaverageof20patientsperday.______________________________________________________答案：average前加ananaverageof...“平均有……”。2．Italwaystakemetwohourstofinishmyhomework.______________________________________________________答案：take→takesIttakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.“某人花費(fèi)……時(shí)間做某事”，本句描述一般事實(shí)。3．Anumberofnewmachineswereintroducedfromabroad,resultedinanincreaseinproduction.______________________________________________________答案：resulted→resulting句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞wereintroduced且兩句間無(wú)連詞，故此處應(yīng)用result的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。4．Inthecitycenter,wehavetoputupnoise.______________________________________________________答案：up后加withputupwith“忍受”。5．Asaresultthepilots'strike,alltheflightshadtobecancelled.______________________________________________________答案：result后加ofasaresultof...“由于……”，后接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空Onedayayoungmanwaswalkingalongtheroadwhenheheardacry.Itseemed__1__(e)fromunderneathabridge.Asheapproachedthebridge,thesoundgotlouderandthenhesaw__2__pitifulsight.There,__3__(lie)inthemuddyriverbed,wasalittledogabouttwomonthsold,__4__frontlegsweretightlytiedwithropes.Ithadwoundsonitsheadandwascoveredwithmud.Theyoungmanwantedtohelpthedog,butasheapproached,thedogstartedtobark.Theyoungmandidnotgiveup.Hesatdownandstarted__5__(gentle)talkingtothedog.Ittookalongtimebuteventuallythedog__6__(stop)barkingandthemanwasabletotouchit.Theyoungmancarriedthedoghome,cared__7__itswounds,andgaveitfoodandwater.Evenwithallofthis,thedogwasstill__8__(friend)everytimetheyoungmanapproached.Buttheyoungmandidnotgiveup.Weekswentbyandthemancontinued__9__(attend)tothedog.Thenoneday,astheyoungmanapproached,thedogwaggeditstail.__10__wasconsistentloveandkindnessthatwonalifelongfriendshipofloyalty.1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。一個(gè)年輕人在大橋下拯救了一只受傷被棄的狗，盡管小狗一開始不太友好，但他仍十分耐心地照顧它，最終小狗接納了他。這個(gè)故事告訴人們，只有始終如一的愛才能贏得終身忠誠(chéng)的友誼。1．tobeing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：哀叫聲好像來(lái)自橋下面。seemtodosth.“似乎要做某事”。根據(jù)句意可知，聲音是正在傳過來(lái)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填tobeing。2．a(chǎn)考查冠詞。sight是第一次出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，故填不定冠詞a，表泛指。3．lying考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個(gè)therebe句型。動(dòng)詞lie與其邏輯主語(yǔ)dog之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨。故填lying。4．whose考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞dog，且從句主語(yǔ)frontlegs與先行詞為所屬關(guān)系，故填whose。5．gently考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，故填所給詞gentle的副詞形式gently。6．stopped考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文提示詞took可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，故填動(dòng)詞的過去式stopped。7．for考查介詞。carefor是固定搭配，意為“照顧”。故填介詞for。8．unfriendly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)前后語(yǔ)境，尤其是關(guān)鍵詞“even”和“still”可知，此處是表否定意義；be動(dòng)詞后接形容詞，作表語(yǔ)。故填unfriendly，意為“不友好的”。9．a(chǎn)ttending考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。continuedoingsth.意為“繼續(xù)做某事”，故填attending。10．It考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句?！癐tis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that...”是強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)，故填it。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)Timeflies!ThisisathirdyearthatIhavebeeninthisschool.Inthepasttwoandahalfyears,ourschoolhadorganizedmanyactivities.Whatimpressedmemostwasanactivitycalled“LearningtoFarm”.Inanautumnafternoon,weweresenttoafarmwhichwelearnttoplantpotatoes.Havingbeeninthecityforsoalongtime,weweresohappytogotothecountryside.Afterdividedintothreegroups,westartedtowork.Somestudentscutpotatoesintopieces,somedugholes,andtheothersputthepiecesofpotatoesintothehole,puttheearthbackandpushedthemdownhard.Wecontinueddoingthatuntilalltheworkwasdone.Althoughwewereexhausted,butwefeltfulfilledonourwaybackhome.答案：Timeflies!Thisiseq\o(a,\s\do15(①the))thirdyearthatIhavebeeninthisschool.Inthepasttwoandahalfyears,ourschooleq\o(had,\s\do15(②has))organizedmanyactivities.Whatimpressedmemostwasanactivityeq\o(calling,\s\do15(③called))“LearningtoFarm”.eq\o(In,\s\do15(④On))anautumnafternoon,weweresenttoafarmeq\o(∧,\s\do15(⑤on))eq\b\lc\/\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,))eq\o(which,\s\do15(where))welearnttoplantpotatoes.Havingbeeninthecityforeq\o(so,\s\do15(⑥such))alongtime,weweresohappytogotothecountryside.Aftereq\o(∧,\s\do15(⑦being))dividedintothreegroups,westartedtowork.Somestudentscutpotatoesintopieces,somedugholes,andtheothersputthepiecesofpotatoesintotheeq\o(hole,\s\do15(⑧holes))，puttheearthbackandpushedeq\o(them,\s\do15(⑨it))downhard.Wecontinueddoingthatuntilalltheworkwasdone.Althoughwewereexhausted,eq\o(eq\o(but,＼),\s\do15(⑩))eq\b\lc\/\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,))eq\o(but,\s\do15(yet))wefeltfulfilledonourwaybackhome.難項(xiàng)分析：第二處：had→has考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為Inthepast...years時(shí)，句子通常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故had應(yīng)改為has。第五處：which前加on或which→where考查定語(yǔ)從句。本句中，afarm之后的部分為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞farm，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，表地點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where；where也可以由onwhich代替。故which前加介詞on或者將which改為where。第十處：去掉but或but→yet考查連詞。although與but不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中，但yet可以。故此處應(yīng)去掉but或?qū)ut改為yet。單元加餐練Ⅰ.完形填空Areforestsalwayscreatedbynature?AmanfromIndiaprovesthatthisisnotnecessarily__1__.AbdulKareem,whousedtobeanairlineticketingagent,hasagreatloveforthe__2__.__3__heneverwenttocollege,hecantalkaboutplantsandtreeslikeanexpert.In1977,heboughtapieceof__4__wastelandwiththedreamofgrowingtreesonit.Inthebeginning,peoplethoughthewas__5__towastehistimeandmoneyontheland.Buthesimply__6__themandkept__7__thesoilandplantingtreesthere.Thelandwassodrythatithadtobe__8__severaltimesaday.Kareemhadto__9__thewaterfromasourcethatwasakilometeraway.Inthefirsttwoyears,noneofthetreesheplanted__10__.However,inthethirdyear,severalyoungtreesstartedgrowing.Greatly__11__bytheresult,Kareemplantedmoretreesandhisman-madeforestbeganto__12__.Kareemlethisforestgrow__13__，withoutusinganychemicalstohelpitgrowor__14__insects.He__15__theabilityofnaturetorenew__16__.That's__17__hedidnotallowfallenleavesortwigsfromtheforesttoberemoved.Afteryearsofhardwork,Kareemhasnotonlyrealizedhisdream__18__transformedapieceofdesertedpropertyintoabeautifulforestaswell.Today,hisforestis__19__to1,500medicinalplants,2,000varietiesoftrees,rarebirds,animals,andinsects.Now,scientistsfromallovertheworldetovisithis__20__.Theyhopetofindthesecretofhissuccess.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。印度人AbdulKareem放棄了航空票務(wù)代理的工作，在一片荒地上種植樹苗。經(jīng)過數(shù)年艱苦的努力，樹苗開始存活，并自然成長(zhǎng)為一片漂亮的具有巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的森林。1．A.possible B．trueC．troublesome D．important答案：B根據(jù)該句中的“notnecessarily”并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，森林總是由大自然締造的這一觀點(diǎn)并不一定是真的，故B項(xiàng)正確。2．A.weeds B．flowersC．woods D．a(chǎn)nimals答案：C根據(jù)下句中的“hecantalkaboutplantsandtreeslikeanexpert”可知，他能像專家那樣談?wù)撝参锖蜆淠?；?jù)此可以判斷，他非常喜歡樹林，故C項(xiàng)正確。3．A.Because B．EversinceC．Asif D．Although答案：D由前后分句中的“neverwenttocollege”和“l(fā)ikeanexpert”可知，前后分句之間為讓步關(guān)系，although意為“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故D項(xiàng)正確。4．A.rocky B．richC．green D．muddy答案：A根據(jù)該句中的“wasteland”以及下句中的“wastehistimeandmoneyontheland”可知，人們認(rèn)為在這片荒地上種樹浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢；據(jù)此可以判斷，這是一片不毛之地。rocky意為“多巖石的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。5．A.funny B．crazyC．worried D．brave答案：B根據(jù)該句中的“wastehistimeandmoneyontheland”可知，剛開始時(shí)，人們認(rèn)為他在這片荒涼的土地上種樹一定是瘋了。crazy意為“瘋狂的”，故B項(xiàng)正確。6．A.influenced B．separatedC．changed D．ignored答案：D根據(jù)該句中的“simply...andplantingtreesthere”可知，他不顧別人的議論，繼續(xù)在這片貧瘠的土地上種樹。ignore意為“忽視，不予理睬”，故D項(xiàng)正確。7．A.workingout B．workingonC．takingout D．takingon答案：B根據(jù)該句中的“simply...andplantingtreesthere”可知，他不顧別人的議論，努力改善土壤狀況，繼續(xù)在這片土地上種樹。workon意為“努力改善(或完成)”，故B項(xiàng)正確。8．A.turned B．dugC．watered D．covered答案：C根據(jù)該句中的“Thelandwassodrythatithadtobe”可知，土地太干，所以每天要澆幾次水。water作動(dòng)詞，意為“澆水”，故C項(xiàng)正確。下句中的“thewater”是提示。9．A.fetch B．transportC．take D．drive答案：A根據(jù)該句中的“thewaterfromasourcethatwasakilometeraway”可以判斷，Kareem不得不到一公里以外的地方去取水。fetch意為“(去)取來(lái)”，故A項(xiàng)正確。10．A.died B．increasedC．burst D．survived答案：D根據(jù)下句“However,inthethirdyear,severalyoungtreesstartedgrowing.”然而在第三年一些樹苗開始生長(zhǎng)；據(jù)此可以判斷，前兩年沒有樹苗存活。survive意為“存活”，故D項(xiàng)正確。11．A.surprised B．hurtC．encouraged D．moved答案：C根據(jù)該句中的“bytheresult，Kareemplantedmoretrees”可以判斷，受到那些開始生長(zhǎng)的樹苗的鼓舞，Kareem種植了更多的樹苗。encourage意為“鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)”，故C項(xiàng)正確。12．A.takeplace B．takeshapeC．loseway D．losecontrol答案：B根據(jù)該句中的“Kareemplantedmoretrees”可知，Kareem種植了更多的樹，他的人造森林開始成形。begintotakeshape意為“開始成形”，故B項(xiàng)正確。13．A.smartly B．painfullyC．excitingly D．naturally答案：D根據(jù)該句中的“withoutusinganychemicalstohelpitgrow”可知，Kareem不使用化肥助長(zhǎng)；據(jù)此可以判斷，他是讓森林自然生長(zhǎng)。naturally意為“自然地”，故D項(xiàng)正確。14．A.cook B．spreadC．kill D．keep答案：C根據(jù)該句中的“withoutusinganychemicalstohelpitgrow”可知，他不使用化學(xué)藥品殺蟲。kill意為“殺死”，故C項(xiàng)正確。15．A.believedin B．learnedfromC．threwaway D．gaveup答案：A根據(jù)上句所述他讓森林自然生長(zhǎng)可知，他相信自然的力量。believein意為“相信”，故A項(xiàng)正確。16．A.himself B．themC．itself D．us答案：C該句中的renew意為“更新”，從他種樹的方法可知他相信大自然自我更新的能力。空處代指nature，故用itself。17．Ahow B．whenC．whether D．why答案：D分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，That'sbecause后接原因，意為“那是因?yàn)椤?，That'swhy強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，意為“那是……的原因”。由空后的“hedidnotallowfallenleavesortwigsfromtheforesttoberemoved”可知，該句強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果：他不清理森林中的落葉和樹枝，故用why引導(dǎo)該從句。18．A.and B．soC．or D．but答案：D經(jīng)過數(shù)年的辛苦工作，Kareem不但實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的夢(mèng)想，還將一片廢棄的荒地改造成為漂亮的森林。notonly...but(also)為固定搭配，意為“不但……而且”，故D項(xiàng)正確。19．A.house B．homeC．land D．farm答案：B如今，他的森林成了多種藥用植物、樹種以及珍稀鳥類、動(dòng)物、昆蟲的家園。behometo為固定搭配，意為“是……的家園”。20．A.creature B．parkC．creation D．nature答案：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，來(lái)自世界各地的科學(xué)家到這里參觀他創(chuàng)造的森林。creation意為“創(chuàng)造物”，故C項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.閱讀理解AYoumightthinkthat“globalwarming”meansnothingmorethanariseintheworld'stemperature.Butrisingsealevelscausedbyithaveresultedinthefirstevacuation(撤離)ofanislandnation.ThecitizensofTuvaluwillhavetoleavetheirhomeland.Duringthe20thcentury,sealevelrose8-12inches.Asaresult,Tuvaluhasexperiencedlowlandfloodingofsaltwaterthathaspollutedthecountry'sdrinkingwater.PaaniLaupepa,aTuvaluangovernmentofficial,reportedtotheEarthPolicyInstitutethatthenationsufferedanunusuallyhighnumberoffiercestormsinthepasttenyears.Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredamagingstorms.LaupepaexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeUnitedStatesforrefusingtosigntheKyotoProtocol,aninternationalagreementcallingforindustrializednationstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions(減少溫室效應(yīng)氣體排放),whichareamaincauseofglobalwarming.“Byrefusingtosigntheagreement,theUShaseffectivelytakenawaythefreedomoffuturegenerationsofTuvaluanstolivewheretheirforefathershavelivedforthousandsofyears，”LaupepatoldtheBBC.TuvaluhasaskedAustraliaandNewZealandtoallowthegradualmoveofitspeopletobothcountries.Tuvaluisnottheonlycountrythatisvulnerable(易受影響的)torisingsealevels.MaumoonGayoon,presidentoftheMaldives,toldtheUnitedNationsthatglobalwarminghasmadehiscountryof311,000an“endangerednation”．篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了全球變暖引起海平面上升，給一些國(guó)家?guī)?lái)的不利影響。1．Thetextismainlyabout________.A．rapidchangesinearth'stemperatureB．badeffectsofglobalwarmingC．movingofacountrytoanewplaceD．reasonsforlowlandflooding答案：B主旨大意題。這篇短文主要講述了全球變暖造成的惡劣影響。2．Accordingtoscientists,theDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis________.A．greenhousegasemissionsinindustrializednationsB．highersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaC．continuousglobalwarmingD．risingsealevels答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredamagingstorms.”可判斷出，造成更大和更具破壞性的暴風(fēng)雨的直接原因是源自全球變暖的海洋表面水溫變得更高。3．LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot________.A．a(chǎn)greetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsB．signanagreementwithTuvaluC．a(chǎn)llowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSD．believetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwerereal答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段第一句話可知，Laupepa對(duì)美國(guó)不滿意的原因是美國(guó)拒絕簽署減少溫室效應(yīng)氣體排放的公約。4．ThecountrywhosesituationissimilartothatofTuvaluis________.A．Australia B．NewZealandC．theMaldives D．theUnitedStates答案：C細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可判斷出theMaldives與Tuvalu的境況相似。BIntheatmosphere,carbondioxideallowsthesun'sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.Accordingtoaweatherexpert'sprediction,theatmospherewillbewarmerintheyear2050thanit