四川省成都市鐵路中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期12月月考試題英語試題

成都鐵中2024—2025學(xué)年(上)高2024級12月月考檢測試題高一英語(滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘)本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘，滿分150分。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題，共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C，三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthemanwanttoleave?A.Theserviceistooslow. B.Thefoodisbad. C.Themusicistooloud.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ican’thearathingoverthemusic.Wecan’teventalk.Let’sgosomewhereelsefordinner.W:ButDennis,thefoodwillbehereanyminute.Whydon’twejustaskthewaitertoturndownthemusic?2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomando?A.Ateacher. B.Anurse. C.Ashopassistant.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:AllthetimeIwasatschool,Iwantedtobeanurse,butmymotherworkedinashopandsaiditwasn’tgoodtobeonyourfeetallday.M:Thenwhat’syourjobnow?W:I’mdoingwhatIalwayswantedtodo.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whathasthemandecidedtodo?A.ContinuehistalkwithMr.Black.B.Gotoseeanengineer.C.Checktheschedule.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,Mr.Smith?M:What’sthematter?Idon’twanttobedisturbedwhileI’mtalkingtoMr.Black.W:Butyouhaveameetingscheduledwiththeengineer.M:Callhim,pleaseandputoffourmeeting.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Onabus. B.Inalibrary. C.Inashop.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Isn’tthisyourusualstop?W:Yes,buttodayI’mgoingtothelibrary.M:Oh,thenyoushouldgetoffatthenextstopandwalktoCliftonStreet.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdidthemanfeelabouthisjumpintheend?A.Terrified. B.Disappointed. C.Excited.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youmustbecrazytobejumpingoutoftheplaneatyourage.M:Everyonesaidso.Iwasveryexcitedatfirst.Ithoughtitwouldreallyfeellikeflying,intheenditwasactuallyabitdisappointing.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.restaurant. B.Anaccident. C.Amagazine.7.WhyisTheSunflowerclosednow?A.Itwillmovetoanothertown.B.Theworkersareonholiday.C.Itisunderrepair.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Iwonderwhythesunflowerwentoutofbusiness.ItgotagreatreviewindiningmagazineandeverytimeIatethere,therewasabigcrowd.M:It’snotclosedforever.Therewasafireinthekitchenlastmonth,buttheyplannedtoreopenassoonasthedamageisrepaired.W:I’mgladtohearthat.Itwasoneofthebestspotsintown.Itwassoclean,theworkersweresofriendlyandthefoodwasgreat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Bannister?A.Helacksexperience.B.Heworkedonatradedeallastyear.C.Heisanewmemberofthepany.9.Whodothespeakersthinkissuitableforthepositionintheend?A.Amelia. B.Mr.Duncan. C.Mrs.Templeton.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:Therearemanycandidatesforthispromotion.Inmyopinion,Mr.Bannisterhasprovenhimselftothepany,buthedoesn’thavemuchexperience.M:IagreewithyouAmelia,butweshouldn’toverlookMrs.Templeton.Shereallyhelpedusalotwiththetradedeallastyear.W:Ididn’tthinkaboutthat.You’reright.Weshouldgowithherasshe’sbeenwithuslonger.M:Let’sinformMr.Duncanthatwe’vereachedadecision.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Cooking. B.WatchingTV. C.Doingshopping.11.Whatdoesthemanlikebest?A.Icecream. B.Milk. C.Cheese.12.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atnoon. B.Inthelateafternoon. C.Atnight.【答案】10.C11.A12.B【解析】【原文】W:Atlunchtime,I’vewatchedthatgoodcookingshowchefs’specialandI’vegotsomegreatideasforsomemealswecantryoutfordinner.M:Well,thatsoundsgood.Sowhat’sonyourlist?W:Let’ssee.We’vegotsomemeatathomealready,butweneedsomethingforasalad.Weneedsometomatoes,carrotsandgreenonions.M:Soundsveryhealthy.W:Theappleslookreallygoodtoday.Let’spickupsometoo.Plusweneedtogetsomebananas.Wouldyoulikesomemilkorcheese?M:No,they’renotmytaste.W:Thencanyougetaboxoficecream?M:Sure,Iloveicecreambest.W:Ithinkthat’severythingweneed.Let’sgohomeandcookdinner.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whogavethewomanherfirstmountainbike?A.Herfather. B.Heruncle. C.Herbrother.14.WhydidthewomanslowdownatonepointintheRegionalChampionship?A.Theroadwasfullofrocks.B.Shewastootiredtospeedup.C.Someoneappearedontheroadsuddenly.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthemostimportantbeforearace?A.Makingsurethebikeisingoodcondition.B.Lookingattherouteinadvance.C.Doingsportstokeepfit.16.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheclothesforarace?A.They’refortable. B.They’repretty. C.They’retight.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Freya,mountainbikingisapopularsportamongteenagers,buttherearefewergirlsdoingit.AmIright?W:Yes,althoughwearegrowinginnumberswhenIwasthirteen,mydadboughtmybrotheramountainbike,butIwasgivenanordinaryone.Ireallywantedtojoinmybrother,sointheendmyunclegotoneforme.M:Andnowyou’reawinner?W:Yes,Ijustwontheregionalchampionship.Itwasadifficultcoursewithlotsofrocks.Atonepoint,IthoughtIwasn’tgoingtowin.IwasaheadandthenIhadtoslowdownbecausethephotographerjumpedoutfrombehindatree.M:Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantbeforearace?W:Well,there’smuchtodo.Takeplentyofexercisetokeepfit,checktherouteinadvanceandthemostimportantIthinkisthatyoumustmakesureeverything’sworkingonthebike.Ifthere’sanythingwrongwithabike,I’llbeintroubleandtheclothesshouldn’tslowyoudown,sotheyneedtobetight.Theymightfeelabitunfortablewhenyoufirstputthemon,butyouwillsoongetusedtoit.I’mnotbotheredaboutnotlookingpretty.Ijustwanttowin.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhendoestheBusinessStudiescoursestart?A.OnJune5th. B.OnJune12th. C.OnJuly11th.18.Whatcanthestudentsbringwiththemduringthecourse?A.Businessvideos. B.Notebookputers. C.Mobilephones.19.WhereistheBusinessStudiesDepartment?A.Nexttothestaffcarpark.B.OntheleftsideoftheScienceCenter.C.Besidethemainentranceofthecollege.20.Whatlanguageclassesareprovidedthissummer?A.JapaneseandGerman. B.FrenchandChinese. C.ItalianandSpanish.【答案】17.B18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,thisisGreenHillStudiesCollege.I’mleavingthismessageandansweredtoyourquestionsaboutthebusinessstudiescourse.FirstlyyouaskedwhenthecoursestartsitbeginsonthetwelfthofJuneandfinishesontheeleventhofJuly.Atthebeginningofthecoursetherearenolecturesbecausewespendtimewatchingbusinessvideos,soyouwon’tneedtobringanythingfortheclassaseverythingisprovideddon’tforgethoweverthatalthoughyoucanbringyourownnotebookputerifyouwishmobilephonesarenotallowedintheclassroomI’mafraidthesecandisturbtheclassesyousaidyou’reingbycar.Wellasit’sonlyashortcourseyoucanusethevisitorscarparkwhichisjustbesidethemainentranceweareonlyashortwalkawayjustturnrightafterthesciencecenter.Acrossthestaffcarparkandyou’llseethedoortothebusinessstudydepartmentinfrontofyoufinallyyoualsowantedtoknowifit’spossibletoattendalanguagecoursewhileyouarehere.Well,theanswerisyesbutweonlyhaveroomonourItalianclassesohnoactuallythere’soneplaceontheSpanishcoursetooweusuallyofferFrenchChineseGermanandJapaneseaswellbuttherearen’tenoughstudentsforthoseclassesthissummerifyouwanttoapplyforthecoursepleasesignupbeforethefifthofJune.Thankyou.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AHerearethenewbookswe’relookingforwardtothisfall:LovelyOne:AMemoirbyKetanjiBrownJackson(Sept.3)America’sfirstBlackfemaleSupremeCourtjustice(法官)writesamemoirdescribingherearlychildhood,andthedifficultiesshefacedingupinthelegalworld.We’reAlone:EssaysbyEdwidgeDanticat(Sept.3)ThisessaycollectionfindsDanticatlookingbackathernativecountryofHaiti.Notwiththenaiverosecoloredglassesofnostalgia,butwithfullawarenessoftheplicatednatureof“resilience”andthemixedfeelingsanyonehasaboutwheretheycamefrom.Reagan:HisLifeandLegendbyMaxBoot(Sept.10)Forthepersoninyourlifeobsessedwithpresidentialbiographies,Boot’snewestbookisadeeplyreportedlookintothelifeofRonaldReagan.Coveringhischildhood,hisHollywoodyearsand,ofcourse,hispresidency,Bootdescribesamanthatissomehowbothmoreideologicalandmorepragmaticthanwemightthink.HighandRising:ABookAboutDeLaSoulbyMarcusJ.Moore(Nov.19)It’sbeenalittleoverayearnowsincetheinfluentialhiphopgroupDeLaSoulmadeitswayontostreamingplatforms,whichmeanswe’reoverdueforabigbookaboutthem.MusicwriterMarcusJ.Mooretellsthestoryofwhatmadethisbandwork,recontextualizingthemforoldheadsandintroducingthemtonewlistenersalike.21.HowmanynewbookswillbeavailabletoreadersbythisOctober?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.22.Whichbookwillyourefertoifyouexploreapresident’spersonallife?A.Reagan. B.LovelyOne.C.We’reAlone. D.HighandRising.23.Whatdothefournewbookshaveinmon?A.Theyarefictionbooks. B.Theyareaboutlifestories.C.Theyenjoygreatpopularity. D.Theyeoutinthesamemonth.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章是一篇秋季新書推介?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)書名后面的日期可知，前三本書均是在9月出版發(fā)行，第四本則是11月出版發(fā)行，故今年10月可以讀到前三本書，故選C?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Reagan:HisLifeandLegendbyMaxBoot部分中“Forthepersoninyourlifeobsessedwithpresidentialbiographies,Boot’snewestbookisadeeplyreportedlookintothelifeofRonaldReagan.Coveringhischildhood,hisHollywoodyearsand,ofcourse,hispresidency,Bootdescribesamanthatissomehowbothmoreideologicalandmorepragmaticthanwemightthink.(對于你生活中癡迷于總統(tǒng)傳記的人來說，Boot的新書是對RonaldReagan生活的深入報道。從他的童年到好萊塢，當然還有他的總統(tǒng)任期，Boot描述了一個比我們想象的更意識形態(tài)和更務(wù)實的人)”可知，Reagan是一本關(guān)于里根總統(tǒng)的傳記書籍，適合想要探究一位總統(tǒng)的私人生活的人讀，故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)LovelyOne部分中“America’sfirstBlackfemaleSupremeCourtjustice(法官)writesamemoirdescribingherearlychildhood,andthedifficultiesshefacedingupinthelegalworld.(美國第一位黑人女性最高法院大法官寫了一本回憶錄，描述了她的童年和她在法律界遇到的困難)”、We’reAlone部分中“ThisessaycollectionfindsDanticatlookingbackathernativecountryofHaiti.(在這本文集中，Danticat回顧了她的祖國海地)”、Reagan部分中“Forthepersoninyourlifeobsessedwithpresidentialbiographies,Boot’snewestbookisadeeplyreportedlookintothelifeofRonaldReagan.(對于你生活中癡迷于總統(tǒng)傳記的人來說，Boot的新書是對RonaldReagan生活的深入報道)”和HighandRising部分中“MusicwriterMarcusJ.Mooretellsthestoryofwhatmadethisbandwork,recontextualizingthemforoldheadsandintroducingthemtonewlistenersalike.(音樂作家MarcusJ.Moore講述了這支樂隊成功的故事，為老人們重新定位他們，并將他們介紹給新聽眾)”可知，文章所介紹的四本書籍均是取材于真實生活的人物類書籍，故選B。BBetweentheinnocenceofbabyhoodandtheseriousnessofmanhoodwefindadelightfulcreaturecalleda“boy”.Boyseindifferentsizes,weights,andcolors,butallboyshavethesamebelief:toenjoyeverysecondofeveryminuteofeveryhourofeverydayandtofilltheairwithnoiseuntiltheadultmalessendthemofftobedatnight.Boysarefoundeverywhere—ontopof,under,insideof,climbingon,swingingfrom,runningaround,orjumpingto.Mothersspoilthem,littlegirlshatethem,oldersistersandbrotherslovethem,andGodprotectsthem.AboyisTRUTHwithdirtonitsface,BEAUTYwithacutonitsfinger,WISDOMwithchocolateinitshair,andtheHOPEofthefuturewithasnakeinitspocket.Whenyouarebusy,aboyisatroublemakerandanoise.Whenyouwanthimtomakeagoodimpression,hisbrainturnstojellyorelsehebeesawildcreaturedestroyingtheworldandhimselfwithit.Aboyisamixture—hehasthestomachofahorse,thedigestionofstonesandsand,theenergyofanatomicbomb,thecuriosityofacat,theimaginationofasuperman,theshynessofasweetgirl,thebravenatureofabull,theviolenceofafirecracker(鞭炮),butwhenyouaskhimtomakesomething,hehasfivethumbsoneachhand.Helikesicecream,knives,saws,Christmas,icbooks,woods,water(initsnaturalhabitat),largeanimals,Dad,trains,Saturdaymornings,andfireengines.HeisnotmuchforSundayschools,pany,schools,bookswithoutpictures,musiclessons,neckties,barbers,girls,overcoats,adults,orbedtime.Nobodyelseissoearlytorise,orsolatetosupper.Nobodyelsegetssomuchfunoutoftrees,dogs,andbreezes.Nobodyelsecanputintoonepocketarustyknife,ahalfeatenapple,athreefootrope,sixcentsandsomeunknownthings.Aboyisamagicalcreature—heisyourheadachebutwhenyouehomeatnightwithonlydestroyedpiecesofyourhopesanddreams,hecanmendthemlikenewwithtwomagicwords,“Hi,Dad!”24.Whatisthetoneofthewholepassage?A.Humorousandloving. B.Disappointedbutimaginative.C.Hopefulanddetermined. D.Botheredbutconfident.25.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence“hehasfivethumbsoneachhand”inparagraph4?A.Hehasaltogetherfivefingers. B.Heisslowandsomewhatfoolish.C.Hebeescleverandsmart. D.Hecutshishandwithaknife.26.Accordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingisn’tattractivetoboys?A.Icecream. B.icbooks.C.Saturdaymornings. D.Sundayschools.27.Whatdoesthewriterfeelaboutboys?A.Hefeelscuriousabouttheirnoise. B.Heistiredofthesecreatures.C.Heisamazedbytheirnaughtiness. D.Hefeelsunsafestayingwiththem.【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章敘述了作者對男孩的一些看法，運用了幽默的語言在文章中表達出了對男孩的愛和喜歡?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文中的詞匯，如第一段“Betweentheinnocenceofbabyhoodandtheseriousnessofmanhoodwefindadelightfulcreaturecalleda“boy”.Boyseindifferentsizes,weights,andcolors,butallboyshavethesamebelief:toenjoyeverysecondofeveryminuteofeveryhourofeverydayandtofilltheairwithnoiseuntiltheadultmalessendthemofftobedatnight.(在嬰兒時期的天真和成年時期的嚴肅之間，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種叫“男孩”的令人愉快的生物。男孩的體型、體重和膚色各不相同，但所有男孩都有一個共同的信念：享受每一天、每一分鐘、每一小時的每一秒，讓空氣中充滿噪音，直到成年男性把他們打發(fā)上床睡覺)”可知，本文使用的是幽默風(fēng)趣的語言，從字里行間說明對男孩的愛。故選A項?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文“Aboyisamixture—hehasthestomachofahorse,thedigestionofstonesandsand,theenergyofanatomicbomb,thecuriosityofacat,theimaginationofasuperman,theshynessofasweetgirl,thebravenatureofabull,theviolenceofafirecracker(鞭炮),butwhenyouaskhimtomakesomething(男孩是一個混合體——他有馬的胃，對石頭和沙子的消化能力，原子彈的能量，貓的好奇心，超人的想象力，可愛女孩的羞怯，公牛的勇敢天性，鞭炮的暴力，但當你讓他制作點什么東西時)”說明男孩很能吃，充滿精力和好奇心，想象力豐富，膽怯還勇敢，但是當讓男孩做點什么時，他就顯得很笨了，什么也做不好，因為thumb在英語中指笨拙，從而推知劃線詞句“hehasfivethumbsoneachhand(他每只手上都有五個拇指)”其中劃線句子應(yīng)為“他就很笨了”的意思，與B項“他行動遲緩，而且有些愚蠢”同義。故選B項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Helikesicecream,knives,saws,Christmas,icbooks,woods,water(initsnaturalhabitat),largeanimals,Dad,trains,Saturdaymornings,andfireengines.HeisnotmuchforSundayschools,pany,schools,bookswithoutpictures,musiclessons,neckties,barbers,girls,overcoats,adults,orbedtime.(他喜歡冰淇淋、刀、鋸、圣誕節(jié)、漫畫書、森林、水（在它的自然棲息地）、大型動物、爸爸、火車、星期六早晨和消防車。他不太喜歡周日學(xué)習(xí)、陪伴、學(xué)校、沒有圖片的書、音樂課、領(lǐng)帶、理發(fā)師、女孩、大衣、成人或就寢時間)”可知，ABC三項都是男孩喜歡的內(nèi)容，D項是他們不喜歡的。故選D項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Boysarefoundeverywhere—ontopof,under,insideof,climbingon,swingingfrom,runningaround,orjumpingto.Mothersspoilthem,littlegirlshatethem,oldersistersandbrotherslovethem,andGodprotectsthem.(到處都是男孩——在上面，下面，里面，爬上，搖擺，跑來跑去，或者跳到。母親溺愛他們，小女孩討厭他們，姐姐和哥哥愛他們，上帝保護他們)”和第五段中“Helikesicecream,knives,saws,Christmas,icbooks,woods,water(initsnaturalhabitat),largeanimals,Dad,trains,Saturdaymornings,andfireengines.(他喜歡冰淇淋、刀、鋸、圣誕節(jié)、漫畫書、森林、水（在它的自然棲息地）、大型動物、爸爸、火車、星期六早晨和消防車)”，倒數(shù)第二段“Nobodyelsegetssomuchfunoutoftrees,dogs,andbreezes.Nobodyelsecanputintoonepocketarustyknife,ahalfeatenapple,athreefootrope,sixcentsandsomeunknownthings.(沒有人能從樹、狗和微風(fēng)中獲得如此多的樂趣。沒有人能把一把生銹的刀、一個吃了一半的蘋果、一根三英尺長的繩子、六分錢和一些不知名的東西放進一個口袋里)”和最后一段“Aboyisamagicalcreature—heisyourheadachebutwhenyouehomeatnightwithonlydestroyedpiecesofyourhopesanddreams,hecanmendthemlikenewwithtwomagicwords,“Hi,Dad!”(男孩是一個神奇的生物——他是你的頭痛，但是當你晚上回家時，你的希望和夢想破碎了，他可以用兩個神奇的字把它們修復(fù)得像新的一樣：“嗨，爸爸！”)”可知，作者認為男孩特別調(diào)皮，對他們的頑皮感到驚訝。故選C項。CHumanresponsestomoraldilemmas(道德困境)canbeinfluencedbystatementswrittenbytheartificialintelligencechatbotChatGPT,accordingtoastudypublishedinScientificReports.Thefindingsindicatethatusersmayundervaluetheextenttowhichtheirownmoraljudgmentscanbeinfluencedbythechatbot.SebastianKrigelandcolleaguesaskedChatGPTmultipletimeswhetheritisrighttosacrifice(犧牲)thelifeofonepersoninordertosavethelivesoffiveothers.TheyfoundthatChatGPTwroterandomstatementsarguingbothforandagainstsacrificingonelife,indicatingthatitisnotbiasedtowardsacertainmoralstance(立場).Theauthorsthenpresented767U.S.participants,whowereonaverage39yearsold,withadilemmawhethertosacrificeoneperson’slifetosavefiveothers.Beforeanswering,participantsreadastatementprovidedbyChatGPTarguingeitherfororagainstsacrificingonelifetosavefive.StatementswerefromeitheramoraladvisororChatGPT.Afteranswering,participantswereaskedwhetherthestatementtheyreadinfluencedtheiranswers.Eightypercentofparticipantsreportedthattheiranswerswerenotinfluencedbythestatementstheyread.However,theauthorsfoundthattheanswersparticipantsbelievedtheywouldhaveprovidedwithoutreadingthestatementswerestillmorelikelytoagreewiththemoralstanceofthestatementtheydidreadthanwiththeoppositestance.ThisindicatesthatparticipantsmayhaveunderestimatedtheinfluenceofChatGPT’sstatementsontheirownmoraljudgments.Theauthorssuggestthatthepossibilityforchatbotstoinfluencehumanmoraljudgmentshighlightstheneedforeducationtohelphumansbetterunderstandartificialintelligence.Theyproposethatfutureresearchshoulddesignchatbotsthateitherdeclinetoanswerquestionsrequiringamoraljudgmentoranswerthesequestionsbyprovidingmultipleargumentsandwarnings.28.WhatareChatGPT’sanswerstoacertainmoralstance?A.changeable. B.valuable. C.creative. D.simple.29.Whatislearnedabouttheparticipants?ATheyadmittedthepowerofChatGPT.B.Theywereinterviewedbyamoraladvisor.C.TheywereaffectedbyChatGPTunknowingly.D.Theywerepresentedwithdifferentmoraldilemmas.30.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Differentfindingsofthestudy. B.Futurepossibilityforchatbots.C.Majorfocusesoffutureeducation. D.Solutionstotheimpactofchatbots.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ChatGPTTendstoCauseMoralPanics.B.ChatGPT:IsItLikelytoAffectOurLife?C.ChatGPT:WhyIsItMakingUsSoNervous?D.ChatGPTCanInfluenceHumanMoralJudgments.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了發(fā)表在《科學(xué)報告》上的一項研究表明，人類對道德困境的反應(yīng)可能會受到人工智能聊天機器人ChatGPT所寫語句的影響。文章介紹了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及發(fā)現(xiàn)，最后提到了解決聊天機器人影響的方法?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheyfoundthatChatGPTwroterandomstatementsarguingbothforandagainstsacrificingonelife,indicatingthatitisnotbiasedtowardsacertainmoralstance(立場).(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，ChatGPT會隨機寫出支持或反對犧牲一條生命的陳述，這表明它并不偏向于某種道德立場)”可推知，ChatGPT對某種道德立場的回復(fù)不一致，是可改變的。故選A。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThisindicatesthatparticipantsmayhaveunderestimatedtheinfluenceofChatGPT’sstatementsontheirownmoraljudgments.(這表明參與者可能低估了ChatGPT的陳述對他們自己道德判斷的影響)”可推知，參與者在不知不覺中受到了ChatGPT的影響。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theauthorssuggestthatthepotentialforchatbotstoinfluencehumanmoraljudgmentshighlightstheneedforeducationtohelphumansbetterunderstandartificialintelligence.Theyproposethatfutureresearchshoulddesignchabotsthateitherdeclinetoanswerquestionsrequiringamoraljudgmentoranswerthesequestionsbyprovidingmultipleargumentsandwarnings.(作者認為，聊天機器人影響人類道德判斷的潛力凸顯了教育的必要性，以幫助人類更好地理解人工智能。他們建議，未來的研究應(yīng)該設(shè)計出要么拒絕回答需要道德判斷的問題，要么通過提供多種論證和警告來回答這些問題的聊天機器人)”可知，最后一段主要講解決聊天機器人影響人類道德判斷力的方法。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Humanresponsestomoraldilemmas(道德困境)canbeinfluencedbystatementswrittenbytheartificialintelligencechatbotChatGPT,accordingtoastudypublishedinScientificReports.(發(fā)表在《科學(xué)報告》上的一項研究表明，人類對道德困境的反應(yīng)可能會受到人工智能聊天機器人ChatGPT所寫語句的影響)”和倒數(shù)第二段中“ThisindicatesthatparticipantsmayhaveunderestimatedtheinfluenceofChatGPT’sstatementsontheirownmoraljudgments.(這表明參與者可能低估了ChatGPT的陳述對他們自己道德判斷的影響)”可知，文章介紹了關(guān)于人類對道德困境的反應(yīng)可能會受到人工智能聊天機器人ChatGPT所寫語句影響的研究，介紹了研究開展的過程和發(fā)現(xiàn)，最后還提到了解決聊天機器人影響的方法。由此推知，D選項“ChatGPT可以影響人類的道德判斷”是研究的主題，也是文章最佳標題。故選D。DRainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Canyoubelievethatasinglebush（灌木叢）intheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeofBritain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanetstoringvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld'soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（樹冠層）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleafeatinginsectslikecaterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.Atleast80inchesofrainayearisnormalandinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrainyourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon'tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity（濕氣）oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.32.Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theyproduceoxygen. B.Theycoveravastarea.C.Theyarewellmanaged. D.Theyarerichinwildlife.33.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?A.Heavyrains B.Bigtrees.C.Smallplants. D.Forestanimals.34.Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?A.Formoresunlight. B.Formoregrowingspace.C.Forselfprotection. D.Forthedetectionofinsects.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LifeGivingRainforests B.TheLawoftheJungleC.AnimalsintheAmazon D.WeatherinRainforests【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。熱帶雨林被稱為“世界上最大的藥房”，因為超過25%的現(xiàn)代藥物是由其植物提煉。熱帶雨林也享有“地球之肺”的美譽，因其植物的光合作用凈化地球空氣的能力尤為強大。僅亞馬遜熱帶雨林產(chǎn)生的氧氣就占全球氧氣總量的1/3。【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.得知，熱帶雨林蘊藏了豐富多彩的藥用植物、食物以及鳥禽猛獸?？芍瑹釒в炅钟胸S富的野生動物，故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（樹冠層）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.得知，熱帶雨林有自己完美的生存體系，高大的樹木有枝干，樹葉的樹冠層保護樹木本身、小植物、動物們免受大雨和太陽強風(fēng)帶來的干燥熱浪的傷害?？芍?，大樹有助于熱帶雨林生存，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleafeatinginsectslikecaterpillars.得知，科學(xué)家們認為這是植物阻止任何樹木疾病擴散和讓比如毛毛蟲這種食用樹葉的昆蟲難以生存?？梢耘袛喑霾煌瑯淠镜臉淙~和樹枝避免彼此觸碰是為了自我保護，故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。本文首先講述了熱帶雨林蘊藏了豐富多彩的藥用植物、食物以及鳥禽猛獸。其次，熱帶雨林就是地球的肺——它吸納了大量的二氧化碳，并制造了全球氧氣的很大部分。然后，雨林可以自我形成所需降雨的75%，而龐大的熱帶雨林濕氣則可以形成雨云，這些雨云則可以飄往那些缺雨水的國家?？梢耘袛喑霰疚淖罴褬祟}是“給予生命的熱帶雨林”，故選A。【點睛】第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Yourteenyearsareatimetolearnaboutyourselfandstartthinkingaboutyourfuture.Doingwellinschoolandleadingahealthysocialandpersonallifewillmakeyouhappierandmorelikelytosucceed.Butyoushouldn’tgettoocrazywithsuccess.___36___.Setrealisticacademicandpersonalgoals.Tofeelasenseofachievementaboutyourschoolandpersonallifesetrealisticgoalsforyourself.Forexample,youmightsetagoaltoachieveallA’sandB’sthisterm.___37___,youmightplantogetreallygoodatshooting3pointshotsinbasketballorlearnhowtobakebread.___38___.Gotoyourschoollibraryandcheckoutbooksthatinterestyou.Itcanbeanythingfrompoemstostorybooks—justgetreading!Ifyoudon’tknowwheretostart,askthelibrarianforsuggestions.Takeafterclassactivitiesyouenjoy.___39___.Whetheryou’reintothefilm,theatre,pottery,painting,orplayingmusic,youcanfindclassesatyourschoolorjoinclubsthatmeetyourneeds.Lookaheadtolifeafteryougraduatefromhighschool.Thinkaheadaboutwhatyouwilldointhefuture,whetherthat’sgettingadegree,volunteering,orjumpingrightintothecareerofyourchoice.___40___.Juststarttothinkaboutwhatyoumightwanttodointhefutureaccordingtoyourinterests,passionsandskills.A.AsforpersonalgoalsB.BeeacuriousreaderC.AfteryouachieveyouracademicgoalsD.YourhealthisalsoimportantforyourteenyearsE.Instead,remembertohavefunandlivealifeyouloveF.Don’tworry,asyoudon’thavetochooseajobrightnowG.Makethemachanceforyoutorelaxandexpressyourself【答案】36.E37.A38.B39.G40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章就青少年學(xué)習(xí)生活給出了一些建議，包括閱讀、提前思考未來要做的事、參加課外活動、設(shè)立現(xiàn)實的目標等。【36題詳解】由上文“Butyoushouldn’tgettoocrazywithsuccess.(但你不應(yīng)該過于沉迷于成功)”可知，本空要說跟“不要過于沉迷成功，要做什么”有關(guān)的話題。E選項“Instead,remembertohavefunandlivealifeyoulove(相反，記住要享受樂趣，過你熱愛的生活)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選E。【37題詳解】由上文“Forexample,youmightsetagoaltoachieveallA’sandB’sthisterm.(例如，你可能會設(shè)定一個目標，這個學(xué)期要拿到全A或B)”可知，此處是舉例說明如何設(shè)定學(xué)業(yè)目標。由下文“youmightplantogetreallygoodatshooting3pointshotsinbasketballorlearnhowtobakebread.(你可能會計劃擅長籃球中的三分球投籃，或者學(xué)習(xí)如何烤面包)”可知，此處是舉例說明如何設(shè)定個人目標。A選項“As