第06講八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 1 重點(diǎn)知識(shí)先知-2024年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)寒假提升學(xué)與練（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE1第06講八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit1（人教版）重點(diǎn)知識(shí)先知目錄新知導(dǎo)航：熟悉課程內(nèi)容、掌握知識(shí)脈絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)：知識(shí)點(diǎn)全面梳理，掌握必備重點(diǎn)記憶：關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)快速記憶，提升能力小試牛刀：考點(diǎn)剖析+過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)，合理應(yīng)用考點(diǎn)1What’sthematter?的用法教材原文What’sthematter?怎么了？本句是常見(jiàn)的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)，意為“怎么了？”“出什么事了？”，若詢問(wèn)“某人怎么了?”要用“What’sthematterwith.sb.?”。-What’sthematterwithJenny?珍妮怎么了？-Shehasabadcold.她得了重感冒。拓展What’sthematterwithsb.?的同義表達(dá)有:What’swrongwithsb.?What’sone’strouble?What’sthetroublewithsb.?考點(diǎn)2疾病類短語(yǔ)的表達(dá)教材原文Ihaveastomachache.我胃痛。haveastomachache是固定搭配，意為“胃痛”。Ihadastomachachelastnight.我昨天晚上胃痛。拓展疾病類短語(yǔ)1.havea+疾病haveacold感冒haveafever發(fā)燒haveacough咳嗽2.havea+身體部位-achehaveatoothache牙痛haveaheadache頭痛3.haveasore+身體部位haveasorethroat咽喉痛haveasoreback背痛考點(diǎn)3liedown的用法教材原文Ithinkyoushouldliedownandrest.我覺(jué)得你應(yīng)該躺下休息。liedown是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“躺下”。其中l(wèi)ie是動(dòng)詞，意為“躺；平躺”。lie的現(xiàn)在分詞是lying。Don’tlieinbedallmorning!別一上午都躺在床上！Themanislyingonthebeachandenjoyingthesunshine.那個(gè)男人正躺在沙灘上享受陽(yáng)光。拓展lie還有如下詞性和含義：①作動(dòng)詞，意為“位于”。JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中國(guó)的東部。②作動(dòng)詞，意為“撒謊；說(shuō)謊”。Don’tbelieveherbecauseshealwayslies.別信她，因?yàn)樗偸钦f(shuō)謊。③作名詞，意為“謊言”。telllies/alie意為“說(shuō)謊”。Youshouldn’ttellliestoyourparents.你不應(yīng)該對(duì)你的父母說(shuō)謊。注意lie的含義以及易混過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞：含義過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞躺；平躺laylain位于撒謊；說(shuō)謊liedlied溫馨提示其中l(wèi)ay還有“放置，安放，擱；產(chǎn)卵”之意，其過(guò)去式：laid，過(guò)去分詞：laid?？键c(diǎn)4getoff的用法教材原文Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.他下車問(wèn)那個(gè)女人發(fā)生了什么事情。getoff是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“下車”。Idon’tknowwheretogetoff.我不知道要在哪里下車。拓展常見(jiàn)的get短語(yǔ)有：getup起來(lái)，起床getto到達(dá)＝reach,arrivein/atgetready(for..,)(為……)做準(zhǔn)備geton上車geton/along相處；進(jìn)展getoff下車getin到達(dá)；當(dāng)選getout從……出去；(信息)泄露getinto陷入；進(jìn)入getback回來(lái)getdown寫(xiě)下,記下考點(diǎn)5toone’ssurprise和agree的用法教材原文Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.但是令他驚訝的是，他們都同意和他一起去。①toone’ssurprise意為“使……驚訝的是；出乎……的意料”；surprise是名詞，意為“驚訝；驚奇”。Tomysurprise,thegirlcouldseenothing.令我吃驚的是，這個(gè)女孩什么也看不見(jiàn)。拓展surprise的形容詞surprising“令人驚訝的”，常用來(lái)形容事/物。Thisisasurprisinggift.這是一份令人驚訝的禮物。surprised“感到驚訝的”，常用來(lái)形容人。Thegiftmakesmesurprised.這份禮物讓我感到驚訝。②agreev.→(反)disagree–agreementn.同意(1)agreewithsb.同意某人Iagreewithyou.(2)agreetodosth同意做某事【注意】agree和disagree的用法一樣考點(diǎn)6trouble的用法教材原文“It’ssadthatmanypeopledon’twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon’twantanytrouble.”saysonepassenger.“因?yàn)椴幌肴锹闊?，許多人不想幫助他人，這是令人寒心的?！币晃怀丝驼f(shuō)。trouble作名詞，意為“問(wèn)題；苦惱”。Hislifeisfulloftroubles.他的生活充滿了煩惱。Evenanexperiencedclimberwillgetintotrouble.即使有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的登山者也會(huì)陷入困境。注意havetroubledoingsth.表示“做某事有困難”。Hehadtroublerememberingnewwords.他在記新單詞方面有困難。考點(diǎn)7beusedto的用法教材原文Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作為一名登山者，阿倫習(xí)慣了冒險(xiǎn)。beusedto后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，意為“習(xí)慣于……”。Theyareusedtolivinginthebigcity.他們習(xí)慣居住在大城市了。辨析beusedtodosth.與beusedtodoingsth.短語(yǔ)釋義例句beusedtodosth.被用來(lái)做某事Woodcanbeusedtomakepaper.木頭能夠被用來(lái)造紙。beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事Iamusedtowalkingafterdinner.我習(xí)慣晚飯后散步?？键c(diǎn)8runout的用法教材原文Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.但是當(dāng)他的水用完的時(shí)候，他知道他將不得不做些事情來(lái)挽救他自己的生命。runout是“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)，意為“用完；耗盡”，主語(yǔ)通常是“時(shí)間、金錢(qián)、食物”等無(wú)生命的東西。Allthemoneyranout.所有的錢(qián)都花光了。拓展runoutof也可以表示“用完；耗盡”，主語(yǔ)通常是人。We’verunoutofourpocketmoney.我們已經(jīng)把零花錢(qián)花完了?？键c(diǎn)9cutoff的用法教材原文Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.所以他用他的刀切斷了他的半條右臂。本句中的cutoff是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“切除”。Hecutoffabunchofgrapestoentertainus.他剪下一串葡萄來(lái)招待我們。拓展動(dòng)詞＋offturnoff關(guān)閉；關(guān)掉getoff下車giveoff發(fā)出；散發(fā)takeoff起飛；脫掉putoff推遲；拖延setoff＝setout出發(fā)考點(diǎn)10importance的用法教材原文Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone’slife.在這本書(shū)里，阿倫講述了做出好的決定以及掌控自己生命的重要性。importance是名詞，意為“重要；重要性”。Heemphasizedtheimportanceofcarefuldriving.他強(qiáng)調(diào)了小心駕駛的重要性。拓展同根詞importantadj.重要的unimportantadj.不重要的，un-是否定前綴。importancen.重要；重要性，-ance是名詞后綴?？键c(diǎn)11decision的用法教材原文Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone’slife.在這本書(shū)里，阿倫講述了做出好的決定以及掌控自己生命的重要性。decision是名詞，意為“決定；抉擇”。makeadecision相當(dāng)于decide，表示“作出決定”。decidetodosth.意為“決定做某事”。Wemadeadecisiontogothereonfoot.我們決定步行去那里?？键c(diǎn)12keepondoingsth.的用法教材原文Arondidnotgiveupaftertheaccidentandkeepsonclimbingmountainstoday.阿倫在那次事故之后并沒(méi)有放棄，他現(xiàn)在還堅(jiān)持爬山。keepondoingsth.是固定搭配，意為“繼續(xù)做某事；堅(jiān)持做某事”。You’llsoongotopiecesifyoukeeponworkinglikethat.如果你繼續(xù)那樣工作的話，你的身體很快就會(huì)垮掉的。注意keepdoingsth.和keepondoingsth.是近義表達(dá)，意為“繼續(xù)做某事”。Hekeptworking,althoughhewasill.盡管他病了，但他仍然繼續(xù)工作?？键c(diǎn)13sothat的用法教材原文Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.然后，他用左手給自己綁上繃帶，以防失血過(guò)多。sothat以便，為了引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句,從句常出現(xiàn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may/might.can/could等。Theboyspokeloudlysothateveryonecouldhearhimclearly.為了能趕上車，她起得很早。(目的狀語(yǔ)從句)【拓展】1.so/such…that…如此……以至于……IamsotiredthatIwanttosleeprightnow.我是如此的累以至于我想馬上睡覺(jué)。Sheissuchagreatgirlthatwealllikeher.她是如此一個(gè)好的女孩以至于我們都喜歡她。2.too+adj.+todosth.太……而不能……Mysisteristooyoungtogotoschool。我妹妹是如此的小以至于不能去上學(xué)。考點(diǎn)14toomuch的用法教材原文Shetalkedtoomuchyesterdayanddidn’tdrinkenoughwater.她昨天說(shuō)話太多了并且沒(méi)有喝足夠的水?！驹~法1】toomuch/toomany/muchtoo短語(yǔ)含義用法例句toomuch太多后接不可數(shù)名詞Thereistoomuchrainthesedays修飾動(dòng)詞，放在動(dòng)詞之后WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.toomany太多后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Therearetoomanythingsformetodoeveryday.muchtoo太修飾形容詞或副詞It’smuchtoocoldinwinter.【詞法2】enough的用法(1)adj.足夠的，充分的，修飾名詞時(shí)，可放在名詞之前或之后。例：enoughtime(2)adv.“足夠地，十分，相當(dāng)”修飾adj./adv.，放在adj./adv.后。例：expensiveenough(3)be+adj.+enoughtodosth；bestrongenoughtocarrythebox.詞型轉(zhuǎn)換cut(v.)→(pt.)cut→(現(xiàn)分)cuttingrun(v.)→(pt.)ran→(現(xiàn)分)runninggive(v.)→(pt.)gave→(現(xiàn)分)givinghit(v.)“(用手或器具)擊；打”→(pt.)hit→(現(xiàn)分)hittinghurt(v.)“(使)疼痛；受傷”→(pt.)hurtdie(v.)“死亡”→(pt.)died→(現(xiàn)分)dying→(adj.)dead→(n.)deathlie(v.)“躺”→(pt.)lay→(現(xiàn)分)lying“說(shuō)謊”→(pt.)lied→(現(xiàn)分)lyinglie(n.)“謊言”（tellalie/telllies“說(shuō)謊”）foot(n.)“腳”→(pl.)feettooth(n.)“牙齒”→(pl.)teethknife(n.)小刀→(pl.)knivesclimb(v.).→(n.)climber“攀登者”decide(v.).→(n.)decision“決定；抉擇”important(adj.).→(n.)importance“重要性，重要”mean(v.)→(n.)meaning“意思”→(adj.)meaningful“有意義的”→(adj.)meaningless“無(wú)意義的”短語(yǔ)歸納1.havea(high)fever發(fā)(高)燒2.haveacough=cough咳嗽3.havea(bad)cold=catchacold患(重)感冒4.haveatoothache牙疼5.haveastomachache胃疼6.havea(very)soreback背（非常）疼7.talktoomuch說(shuō)得太多8.drinkenoughwater喝足夠的水9.liedownandrest躺下來(lái)休息10.seeadentist看牙醫(yī)11.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的熱茶12.getanX-ray拍X光片13.takeone’stemperature量體溫14.putsomemedicineonsth.在……上面敷藥15.soundlike聽(tīng)起來(lái)像16.inthesameway以同樣的方式17.gotoadoctor看醫(yī)生18.goalong沿著……走19.onthesideoftheroad在馬路邊20.shoutforhelp大聲呼救21.withoutthinkingtwice沒(méi)有多想22.getoff下車geton上車23.haveaheartproblem有心臟病24.toone’ssurprise使……驚訝的是25.intime及時(shí)ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)26.savealife挽救生命27.getintotrouble造成麻煩28.rightaway=atonce=rightnow立刻；馬上29.getoutof離開(kāi)；從……出來(lái)30.getintotrouble陷入麻煩31.hurtoneself傷到自己32.cutone’sleg/knee割傷腿/膝蓋33.putabandageonthecut用繃帶包扎傷口34.falldown摔倒35.feelsick感到惡心36.haveanosebleed流鼻血37.loseone`slife失去生命38.putherheaddown低下她的頭39.thinkabout考慮，認(rèn)為40.beincontrolof掌管；管理41.inadifficultsituation在困境中42.keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)/堅(jiān)持做某事43.takerisks=takearisk冒險(xiǎn)44.a360-kilorock一塊360千克重的巖石考點(diǎn)一、核心單詞填空1．Maryhasasorethroatandsheclastnight.Sheshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney.2．Therearetoomanyponthebusandit’scrowded.3．Westernpeopleliketousekandforkswhiletheyareeating.4．Canyoutellmetheiofeatinghealthyfood?5．Wemayhurtoifweplaywithknives.6．Iamnotachild.Iwanttomakemyownd.7．Heisafamousc,soheoftenclimbsthemountains.8．TheBlacksweresosadaboutthedoftheirlovelypetdog.9．Onmywayhome,Isawadoglonthesideoftheroad.10．Ifyoueattoomuchchocolateintheevening,youmayhaveat.考點(diǎn)二、重點(diǎn)詞組填空1．最近我入睡困難。Recently,Ihad.2．讓我們吃驚的是，這位國(guó)際友人擅長(zhǎng)烹制中餐。,theforeignfriendisgoodatcookingChinesefood.3．——醫(yī)生，我感覺(jué)不舒服。——不用擔(dān)心。讓我先給你量一下體溫?！狣octor,I’mfeelingterrible.—Don’tworry.Letmefirst.4．——這杯茶很難喝！——對(duì)不起，女士。我馬上給您再倒一杯?！猅heteatastesterrible!—Sorry,madam.I’llpouryouanothercup.5．在你下公共汽車前，你應(yīng)當(dāng)先等它停下來(lái)。Beforeyouthebus,youshouldwaituntilithasstopped.6．多虧了你的幫助，我的房間看起來(lái)整潔多了。yourhelp,myroomlooksmuchtidier.7．作為一名登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員，亞歷克斯習(xí)慣于冒險(xiǎn)。Asamountainclimber,Alexisusedto.8．這位老人上周用完了所有的大米和水。Theoldmanallofhisriceandwaterlastweek.9．吉姆喜歡讀書(shū)。幸運(yùn)的是，他管理一家大書(shū)店。Jimlikesreading.Luckily,heisabigbookshop.10．他不想當(dāng)老師，所以他正考慮放棄教學(xué)。Hedoesn’twanttobeateacher.Soheisthinkingofteaching.考點(diǎn)三、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練1．UncleJoe________thehabitofreadingnewsaftergettingup.Heknowsalotaboutwhat’sgoingonaroundtheworld.A．gotinto B．goton C．gotoff D．gotover2．Whenourparentsbecometoooldtotakecareofthemselvesoneday,we________lookafterthemwell.A．should B．shouldn’t C．may D．maynot3．—Andypracticedhardestamongusandhewonfirstprizeinthecompetition.—Adreamcan’tcometrue________hardwork.A．by B．a(chǎn)cross C．over D．without4．Don’tworryaboutyourdaughter,shecanlookafter_________well．A．herself B．hers C．her D．she5．—Ican’tgotoschoolbecauseoftheseriousepidemic.—_________.A．I’msorrytohearthat B．ThankyouC．Thatsoundsgreat D．That’sOK6．—Ihavetrouble_________newword.Canyouhelpme?—Sure.Youcanlookitupinthedictionary.A．understanding B．tounderstand C．understand D．understood7．—Whydoyouhavetimetolookafterthehomelessdogs?—________the“doublereduction”policy（“雙減”政策）,Ihavemorefreetime.A．Becauseof B．Eventhough C．Asfor D．Upto8．—Theoilontheearthwill________oneday.—Ithinkso.Weshouldmakegooduseofit.A．findout B．workout C．putout D．runout9．You’dbettertakethemapwithyou________youwon’tgetlost.A．a(chǎn)slongas B．a(chǎn)ssoonas C．nowthat D．sothat10．WhenIwalkedpasttheplayground,Isawmanyboys________basketball.A．play B．played C．playing D．a(chǎn)replaying11．Sheis________girlwithtwobigeyes.A．a(chǎn)8-years-old B．a(chǎn)8-year-old C．a(chǎn)n8yearsold D．a(chǎn)n8-year-old12．Heeats________food,soheis________fat.A．muchtoo;toomuch B．muchtoo;manytooC．toomuch;muchtoo D．toomuch;manytoo13．—________thepoliceman,thedoctorssavedtheman________time.—Oh,thatmeant________aman’slife.A．Thanksfor;in;tosave B．Thanking;at;toloseC．Thanksto;in;saving D．Thanksto;on;losing14．—Maria,youlookupset.What’sthematter?—________.I’mfeelingwellB．I’mafraidImayhaveafeverC．Ioftenstayathome D．Ishouldliedownandrest15．Mr.Black,youarebecominghealthierandhealthier.Pleasekeepon______.A．ran B．torun C．run D．running考點(diǎn)四、語(yǔ)篇閱讀訓(xùn)練DerekRedmondItwastheOlympicGamesinBarcelonain1992,thesemi-finalofthe400metres.Thesunwasshiningandthecrowdwerereadyforagreatrace.BritishathleteDerekRedmondwasatoprunner:hehadaverygoodchanceofwinningamedal.Theracebegan.Atfirst,Derekwasrunningwell.Then,afterabout150metres,hefeltapaininhisleg.Hefelldownononeknee.Hehadabadinjuryandcouldn’tcarryon.Theotherrunnerswentpasthimandfinishedtherace.Afteraboutfiveseconds,Derekgotupandstartedtorunagain,ononelegonly.Someorganizerstriedtostophimbuthekeptgoing.Thecrowdstoodupandstartedtoclap.Thenanothermancameontothetrack—Derek’sfather,Jim.Hisfatherputhisarmaroundhimandsaid,“Derek,youdon’thavetodothis.”Derekreplied,“Yes,Ido.Ihavetofinish.”Andsotogethertheywalkedthelast50metresandcrossedtheline.Whenhefinallycrossedtheline,Derekwascryingand60,000peoplewerecheeringhim.GerlindeKaltenbrunnerInthesummerof2010,mountaineerGerlindeKaltenbrunnerwasalmostatthetopofamountaincalledK2.Shewastryingtoclimbthe8,611-metremountainforthefifthtime,andthistimeshewasclimbingwithherfriendFredrikEricsson.Itwasabout7o’clockinthemorninganditwassnowingalittle.Thetwoclimbersweregettingreadytogoupthelast400metres.Fredrikwastryingtotiesomeropebutheslippedandfel