高考英語(yǔ)寫作功能詞（訓(xùn)練）清單

高考英語(yǔ)寫作功能詞（訓(xùn)練）（一）主要英語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)詞及其用法結(jié)構(gòu)【動(dòng)詞】(train,drill)①train訓(xùn)練trainas/in...接受做或者擔(dān)當(dāng)…的訓(xùn)練Hetrainedasadoctor/inengineering.(他受過(guò)做醫(yī)生的培訓(xùn)/工程學(xué)方面的培訓(xùn)。)Theyaretrainingfortheboatrace.(他們?cè)诮邮苡?xùn)練，準(zhǔn)備劃船比賽。)traintobe...接受做…的培訓(xùn)Shetrainedfortwoyearstobeanurse.(她受過(guò)兩年做護(hù)士的培訓(xùn)。)trainsb./sth.(as.../in...)訓(xùn)練某人/某物(擔(dān)當(dāng)…/學(xué)會(huì)…方面的知識(shí))Whoisinchargeoftrainingthenewrecruits?(誰(shuí)在負(fù)責(zé)訓(xùn)練新兵?)Hewastrainedasanengineer/inengineering.(他受過(guò)擔(dān)任工程師的/工程學(xué)方面的培訓(xùn)。)trainsb./sth.todosth.I'vetrainedmydogtofetchmyslippers.(我把狗訓(xùn)練得能給我叼拖鞋。)trainsb./sth.for...訓(xùn)練某人/某動(dòng)物參加…totrainahorseforarace訓(xùn)練馬參加比賽②drill訓(xùn)練;操練drillsb.訓(xùn)練某人todrillstudentsinEnglishgrammar對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法訓(xùn)練todrilltroops/soldiers練兵【名詞】(training,drill,drilling,practice,exercise,breeding)toreceiveaspecial/anintensive/athorough/aregular/asevere/afine(good)/aprofessional(vocational)/anacclimatization/ashort-termtraining接受特殊/強(qiáng)化/全面/正規(guī)/嚴(yán)格/良好/專業(yè)/適應(yīng)性/短期訓(xùn)練toreceivetraining/takeone'straining接受訓(xùn)練toundergo/conducttraining進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練tolacktraining缺乏訓(xùn)練tosecuretrainingin...在…方面得到訓(xùn)練togivesb.agoodtrainingin...在…方面對(duì)某人進(jìn)行良好訓(xùn)練togivesb.adrillintheuseof...訓(xùn)練某人使用…tohavethreehoursofdrilladay一天有三個(gè)小時(shí)的訓(xùn)練todotwohoursofdrill訓(xùn)練兩小時(shí)toneglectpractice忽視訓(xùn)練tocarryon/continuepractice繼續(xù)訓(xùn)練tokeeponpractice堅(jiān)持訓(xùn)練exercisesunderbattleconditions實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練166.1.3形容詞(trained,drilled,disciplined,untutored)tobetrainedwithregularity;tobewell-trained/well-drilled/disciplined訓(xùn)練有素的atrainednurse一個(gè)受過(guò)正規(guī)訓(xùn)練的護(hù)士166.2（二）常用的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)或表達(dá)進(jìn)行體育鍛煉todoPT受過(guò)良好的訓(xùn)練tobewelldisciplined在…方面受過(guò)訓(xùn)練toreceiveschoolingin...對(duì)某人進(jìn)行…方面的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)totrainsb.foracareerin...正在接受很好的訓(xùn)練tobeunderperfectdiscipline從事訓(xùn)練/練習(xí)togointotraining訓(xùn)練得好/不好tobein/outoftraining訓(xùn)練某人參加2008奧運(yùn)會(huì)/錦標(biāo)賽tocoachsb.forthe2008Olympics/achampionshipmatch輔導(dǎo)某人參加考試/參加數(shù)學(xué)比賽/學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)tocoachsb.foranexam/foramathscompetition/inEnglish由私人輔導(dǎo)化學(xué)tobeprivatelycoachedinchemistry經(jīng)受嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練或磨煉togothroughthemill使某人經(jīng)受嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練或磨煉toputsb.throughthemill訓(xùn)練某人的音樂(lè)欣賞能力toeducatesb.'searto/formusic為使自己成為一名…而進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練toprepareoneselfasa(an)...進(jìn)行高強(qiáng)度的體育鍛煉(苦練)tohaveawork-out嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練bitterdiscipline;strictdiscipline;rigiddiscipline嚴(yán)格訓(xùn)練某人towhipsb.intoshape(口)軍事訓(xùn)練militarydiscipline日夜練兵todrillsoldiersdayandnight培養(yǎng)自己多方面的技能/興趣等todiversifyone'sskills,interestsetc.訓(xùn)練(某人)掌握(某種技能、法則等)todrillin/into...訓(xùn)練某人的思想和性格totrainthemindandcharacterofsb.訓(xùn)練某人從事某職業(yè)togroomsb.foracareer/as...訓(xùn)練新兵tolick/knocknewrecruitsintoshape對(duì)某人進(jìn)行強(qiáng)化集訓(xùn)(多指體育)togiveclinicstosb.訓(xùn)練呼吸的沖刺towindsprint反復(fù)訓(xùn)練/灌輸tobeatintosb.'shead體能訓(xùn)練gymnastics智力訓(xùn)練mentalgymnastics強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)對(duì)考試tocramthestudentsfortheexam強(qiáng)化班anintensivetrainingcourse/acrammingcourse/acrammer速成訓(xùn)練班aquickietrainingcourse在…方面沒(méi)受過(guò)訓(xùn)練tobeuntutoredin...訓(xùn)練自己做某事todisciplineoneselftodosth.訓(xùn)練基地astable出師tobeoutof(through)one'sapprenticeship（二）常用的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)或表達(dá)研究；探索；鉆研todelvein;todiginto;todoresearchinto;togointo;tohavetodowith;tostudyinto;toworkon;todealwith;toconcernwith對(duì)···進(jìn)行推敲/琢磨torefineon/uponsth.;totroubleaboutsth.研究出/想出tocomeupwith;tostudyout潛心鉆研…toporeover/(up)onsth.簡(jiǎn)略地/仔細(xì)地/匆匆地/再次/進(jìn)一步考察一下…totakeabrief/close(r)/quick/second/furtherlookat...涉獵/淺獵(對(duì)…進(jìn)行業(yè)余性的研究)todabblein/at推進(jìn)…領(lǐng)域的科研工作topushahead/along/forwardthescientificresearchin...從事…方面的研究topursuethestudyof...;todoresearchin...正在研制tobeunderdevelopment正在認(rèn)真研究…tobeatgripswith...正在積極研究解決tobeunderactivestudy對(duì)…進(jìn)行深入細(xì)致的/系統(tǒng)的研究toundertake/carryout/makeanextensive(systematic)investigationinto...有待進(jìn)一步推究(探討)tobeopentospeculation對(duì)…做大量研究todevotemuchstudyto…對(duì)…略有研究tobesomethingofanexperton...對(duì)…進(jìn)行仔細(xì)研究tobring...underclosestudy;tostudyupon...需要更詳細(xì)的研究todemandamoredetailedstudy得到大量研究toreceivemuchstudy對(duì)…進(jìn)行詳細(xì)研究tomakeascrutinyinto...對(duì)…作專門研究toread...up/toreadupon...;tospecializein...對(duì)…作動(dòng)物學(xué)上的研究tozoologize...重新開始/恢復(fù)對(duì)…的研究toresumeone'sstudiesof/on...促進(jìn)對(duì)…的研究tofacilitate/stimulate/promotethestudyof...結(jié)束研究tofinish/completeone'sstudies對(duì)…有深湛的/精深的研究tobedeeplyreadinsth.是某人的研究范圍tobesb.'sprovince研究…的一項(xiàng)驚人成果astartlingpieceofresearchon/into...研究經(jīng)費(fèi)aresearchgrant對(duì)…沒(méi)有做深入研究(只觸及到…的表面)toscratch/skimthesurfaceof...（三）情景譯例精選她正在訓(xùn)練一個(gè)準(zhǔn)備參加奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。SheiscoachingaswimmerfortheOlympics.她有天分,但還需要訓(xùn)練。Shehastalentbutshewillneedcoaching.學(xué)外語(yǔ)時(shí)，問(wèn)答練習(xí)是很好的訓(xùn)練方法。Inlearningaforeignlanguage,questionandanswerdrillsaregooddisciplines.新兵受到嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練。Strictdisciplineisimposedonarmyrecruits.軍隊(duì)訓(xùn)練是為了打仗。Thetrainingoftroopspreparesthemforcombat.要學(xué)會(huì)身心放松，瑜珈功是一種有效的訓(xùn)練方法。Yogaisagooddisciplineforlearningtorelax.這是一支訓(xùn)練有素的/缺乏訓(xùn)練的足球隊(duì)。Thisisawell/badlydisciplinedfootballteam.我們的雇員專業(yè)性強(qiáng)，訓(xùn)練有素，保證顧客滿意。Customerswillbeimpressedbytheexpertiseofourhighlytrainedemployees.她受過(guò)公務(wù)員職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。ShehasbeengroomedforacareerintheCivilService./Shehasbeengroomedasafuturecivilservant.由于地方政府開辦的再就業(yè)培訓(xùn)，許多下崗職工已重新找到了工作。Manylaid-offworkershavefoundnewjobs,thankstothereemploymentprogramslaunchedbythelocalgovernment.運(yùn)動(dòng)員們?cè)谠缟弦黄鹩?xùn)練。Theplayerswillmeetforapracticeinthemorning.受訓(xùn)的突擊隊(duì)員要參加令人筋疲力盡的突擊課程。Traineecommandosareputthroughanexhaustingassaultcourse.中士很快就把新兵訓(xùn)練得規(guī)規(guī)矩矩。Asergeantsoonknocksnewrecruitsintoshape.他們是在同一處受訓(xùn)的演員。Theyareactorsfromthesamestable.他已經(jīng)訓(xùn)練他的狗耍些靈巧的把戲。He'staughthisdogsomeclevertricks.科學(xué)家把狗訓(xùn)練得每聽到鈴聲就跳。Thescientistconditionedthedogtojumpeachtimeitheardabell.涉及到對(duì)…的研究；是有關(guān)…的學(xué)科tomakeastudy(studies)of/on/into...對(duì)…開展研究topursueone'sstudies/undertakestudies從事研究tohinderthestudyof阻礙/妨礙對(duì)…的研究tobring...underclosestudy對(duì)…進(jìn)行仔細(xì)研究toabandon/giveupthestudyof...放棄對(duì)…的研究tofurtherthestudyof...對(duì)…做進(jìn)一步研究Theirstudiesshowthat...(他們經(jīng)過(guò)研究得出…的結(jié)論。)toawaitinvestigation有待調(diào)查研究tocarryout(make)investigationsinto/of/on...對(duì)···進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究toundertakedetailedandcomprehensiveinvestigations從事仔細(xì)而全面的調(diào)查研究toinitiateaninvestigationinto...開始對(duì)…的研究tocallforfurtherinvestigation需要進(jìn)一步研究tobeunderinvestigation正在研究之中uponinvestigation經(jīng)調(diào)查研究toconductasystematicexaminationof...對(duì)···做系統(tǒng)的觀察研究tomakeacarefulexaminationof...對(duì)…進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的研究翻譯用詞警示“研究”有兩個(gè)基本含義，其一是“科學(xué)研究；觀察/調(diào)查研究”；其二是“商討；考慮”。譯成英語(yǔ)用詞不一樣。例如：“我們?cè)傺芯垦芯俊！?Wewillreconsiderit.)“這個(gè)問(wèn)題委員會(huì)正在研究。”(Thisproblemisunderreview/considerationbythecommittee.)科學(xué)家們總是從不同的角度研究一個(gè)問(wèn)題。Scientistsalwaysapproachaproblemfromdifferentangles.人們20多年前就對(duì)飛碟進(jìn)行了探討。PeoplebegantomakeanapproachtoUFOsmorethan20years.對(duì)這一問(wèn)題進(jìn)行深入細(xì)致的研究之后，她很快找到了一個(gè)正確的解決辦法。Afteranintensiveattackontheproblemshequicklycametothecorrectsolution.他們奉派深入研究一些社會(huì)問(wèn)題。Theywereassignedtoboneuponsomesocialproblems.他們安頓下來(lái)研究這個(gè)島上的植物。Theysettledtobotanizetheisland.他的研究成果使人們對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)。Hisfindings