考點(diǎn)22易錯(cuò)題型(三)五選四-備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)幫(上海專(zhuān)用)(原卷版+解析)

考點(diǎn)22易錯(cuò)題型（三）五選四五選四的考題特點(diǎn)：1.

詞匯方面注重對(duì)于詞匯和搭配的考察。2.

語(yǔ)法方面考察詞性之間關(guān)系和句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力。3.

邏輯方面考察上下文聯(lián)系考向一：五選四解題步驟STEP1詳讀選項(xiàng)，詞分類(lèi)兩篇文章選項(xiàng)中的10個(gè)詞是考查的關(guān)鍵，考生應(yīng)該詳細(xì)的理解這10個(gè)單詞。熟悉的單詞標(biāo)明詞性和詞義，不熟悉的單詞或者不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞只需標(biāo)明詞性，然后根據(jù)名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞四大類(lèi)按規(guī)律排列在試卷上。這樣就縮小了選擇的范圍，降低了試題的難度。注意：1.動(dòng)詞分為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包括：動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞。過(guò)去分詞有兩種可能性(形容詞和動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞),因此要根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的形式結(jié)合文章進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)或者語(yǔ)態(tài)的判斷。2.不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞要看后綴。構(gòu)詞法中,前綴區(qū)分意思,后綴區(qū)分詞性。所以看詞尾往往能大致分出詞性。詞性無(wú)法確定的,暫時(shí)擱置。3.做出相應(yīng)的標(biāo)記。在英文中有的單詞不只有一個(gè)詞性，比如大家常見(jiàn)的play/visit/study基友名詞詞性也有動(dòng)詞詞性。STEP2略讀全文，定中心考生拿到題目以后，由于考查考生對(duì)篇章的理解，應(yīng)該略讀整篇文章，確定文章的中心或主要說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題。要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主題詞或主題。和完型填空一樣，一般文章第一句不設(shè)空格，以便讓考生知道本文的相關(guān)主題詞或主題。在此，建議大家使用略讀的方法，以快速掌握文章大意。STEP3瞻前顧后，靈活選詞性分類(lèi)之后，回到原文中，根據(jù)原文中空格的前后單詞或者前后語(yǔ)句確定所要填的詞性，然后從分類(lèi)好的單詞中選擇出詞性、意思、語(yǔ)法都符合要求的最佳選項(xiàng)。首先，根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)確認(rèn)可以被填入此空的詞性，然后按第一步中標(biāo)注出的詞性進(jìn)行篩選，最后將備選詞逐個(gè)代入空中細(xì)讀句意，考慮上下問(wèn)邏輯關(guān)系做出選擇。STEP4復(fù)核檢查，定結(jié)果篇章詞匯理解題目類(lèi)似于完型填空，這需要考生不僅要迅速的確定答案，還要在確定答案之后迅速的復(fù)查。檢查上下文是否通順、上下文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確、文章的意思是否出現(xiàn)偏差等等，復(fù)查無(wú)誤后即可確定為最后答案。A．different

B．a(chǎn)vailable

C．thesame

D．happened

E.digging

Tomwasaworker.Helikedtogrowvegetablesinhisgardenwhenhewas____1____.Onedayafterbreakfastheputonhisoldclothesandbegan____2____inhisgardenateight.Heduganddug.Halfanhourlater,hesuddenlyfoundacoin(硬幣)nearhisfoot.Hewasveryglad.Heputitinhisrightpocket.Afewminuteslater,hefoundanotherone.Heputitin____3____pocket,too.Thesamething____4____forthethird,thefourthandthefifthtime…A．brought

B．shop

C．hole

D．caught

E.happy

Hewasvery____5____andtoldhiswifeaboutit.Shewasveryhappy,too.Shesaid,“Athief(小偷)tookawayalotofcoinsfroma____6____afewweeksago.Thepolice____7____himbuttheydidn’tfindanycoins.”ThenTomwentondiggingandfoundsomemorecoins,butjustwhenhebegantodig,hefeltsomethingcoldinhistrousers.Itrandownoneofhislegs.Heputhishanddownquicklyandthecoincameintohishand.Nowheknewtherewasa____8____inhispocket.考向二：五選四解題技巧STEP1判斷詞性的技巧前面提到的“瞻前顧后”就是需要考生根據(jù)空格的前后來(lái)決定所填詞的詞性以及應(yīng)填的正確選項(xiàng)，我們可以根據(jù)一些簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)確定答案。應(yīng)該說(shuō)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)是解詞匯理解題的基礎(chǔ)。1.確定空格為名詞(1)a/an/then.,adj.n.,vt.n.,即空格處前面為冠詞、形容詞或者及物動(dòng)詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞；(2)n.v.,即空格處后面是動(dòng)詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入該動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)(名詞)；(3)prep.n.,即空格處前面是介詞的，空格處充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)，用填入一個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)名詞。2.確定空格為動(dòng)詞(1)n./pron.vt.n./pron.,即空格前面已有名詞/代詞作主語(yǔ)，后面又有名詞/代詞作為動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，空格處應(yīng)為及物動(dòng)詞；(2)n./pron.vi.,即空格處前面是名詞/代詞，后面沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，空格處應(yīng)填不及物動(dòng)詞；(3)n./pron.vi.adv./prep.,即空格處前面是名詞/代詞，空格處后面是副詞/介詞，空格處應(yīng)填入不及物動(dòng)詞，與副詞/介詞構(gòu)成固定搭配；(4)n./pron.linkv./be.adj.,即空格處前面是名詞/代詞，后面是形容詞，空格處應(yīng)填入系動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞；(5)tov.,即空格處前有不定式標(biāo)志to，空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形；另一種情況to是介詞，后面應(yīng)填入動(dòng)名詞。3.確定空格為形容詞(1)adj.n.或n.adj.,即空格處前面或者后面為名詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞；(2)adv.adj.,即空格處前面是副詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞；(3)link/bev.adj.,即空格處前面是系動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作表語(yǔ)。4.確定空格為副詞(1)adv.v.或v.adv.,即空格處前面或者后面為動(dòng)詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞；(2)adv.adj.,即空格處后面是形容詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。STEP2利用邏輯關(guān)系詞確定答案在篇章詞匯理解題目中，文章的邏輯關(guān)系對(duì)于考生把握整篇文章是很重要的，文章的邏輯關(guān)系通過(guò)一些邏輯關(guān)系詞體現(xiàn)的，考生可以通過(guò)邏輯關(guān)系詞來(lái)推斷出一些答案。常見(jiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系詞如下：(1)并列關(guān)系：and,or,aswellas等(2)對(duì)比關(guān)系：but,however,onthecontrary,ratherthan等(3)比較關(guān)系：as…as,like,similar等(4)因果關(guān)系：because,for,since,asaresultof,therefore,thus等(5)舉例關(guān)系：forexample,forinstance,suchas，andsoon等(6)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：and,what’smore,moreover,inaddition等STEP3比較填詞將詞性分類(lèi)后，如何確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確答案呢？這就需要考生進(jìn)行選項(xiàng)間的比較，比較同詞性的詞匯哪一個(gè)是最佳答案。邏輯判斷：即根據(jù)文章的邏輯順序和邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，確定同詞性的詞匯中的哪個(gè)是最佳答案詞義判斷：即通過(guò)同詞性詞匯的中文意思是否符合文章的整體意思，由此判斷是不是最合適的選項(xiàng)A．lost

B．thank

C．

hangout

D．inspring

E.inautumnLastSaturday,Grandmacalledmetohavelunchwithher.Iwantedto____9____withmyfriends,soIturnedherdown.ThisSaturday,shegavemeaphonecallagain.Shesaidthatshemadeanapplepie,butitwas____10____.Ithoughtbeingadetective(偵探)wascool,soIrodemybiketoherhouseatonce(立刻).“Imadethepieandcutitintofivepieces,”Grandmasaid.“ThenPaulcameintothehouse.Hehelpedmecleanthegarden.Youknow,alotofleaves(樹(shù)葉)fallontheground

____11____.”“Hemighttakeawaythepie.”Isaid.“Oh,no,”Grandmasaid.“To____12____him,Igavehimapieceofpie.”A．

besadabout

B．a(chǎn)t

all

C．too

D．a(chǎn)pieceofpie

E.twopiecesofpie“Thenwhathappened?”Iasked.“ThenIinvitedGloria,nextdoorneighbor,forsomepieandteawithme.Hergranddaughtercame,____13____”“Grandma!”Isaid.“Nobodytookawaythepie.Youjustgaveawayallthepiecesofit.

OnepiecetoPaul.You,Gloriaandhergranddaughtereachhadapiece.”“Butthereisstillonepiecemissing,”Grandmaseemedto____14____it.Ihadtolookformoreclues(線索).Iwalkedaroundthehouse.Finally,Iopenedthefridge(冰箱).Oh,Isaw____15____!“Youmustbehungryafterallthesedetectivework.Letmeheat(加熱)this‘missing’pieforyou.”Grandmasaidhappilyandputitintheoven.Thepiewasreallydelicious.ThenIcametounderstandthatmygrandmadidn’tlosethepie____16____.Shejustmissedmeandwantedtobewithme.（2022春·上海長(zhǎng)寧·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）A．volunteer

B．experience

C．exciting

D．disaster

E.ordinaryChrisisnotacommonexplorer.Heusuallyworksinanofficeforalargeorganization.Yethisjobcansometimesbejustas____1____anddangerousasbeinganexplorer.ChrisworksforMSF,anorganizationalsoknownasDoctorsWithoutBorders.MSFsendstraineddoctorsallovertheworldtohelppeopleafterawarora____2____.ChrisisadoctorfromFrancewhohastravelledtomanyplacestohelppeople.Atthemoment,therearemorethan27,000traineddoctorsandnursestakingpartinMSFprojectsandtasks.Allkindsofdoctorscan____3____forMSF.Theyneedtobepreparedtogoalmostanywhereintheworldand,ofcourse,theyshouldexpectdifficultconditions.Doctorswith____4____intropicaldiseasesareespeciallyusefulbecausemostofMSF’sworkisinAfrica.A．a(chǎn)greewith

B．getonwellwith

C．comfortable

D．difference

E.emergentWhenMSFacceptsadoctorforatask,hehastogoforatleastsixmonths.Whendoctorshavecompletedafewtasks,theymightbesentonanother____5____task,suchasanearthquake.Butwhywouldadoctorleavea____6____lifeandagoodpaytoMSF?AccordingtoChris,theexperienceyougainisagreathelpinyourwork.Besides,justliketheexplorersofthepast,youneedtokeepanopenmindandlearnto____7____thepeopleyoumeet.Aboveall,attheendofeachtask,youhavemadeareal____8____topeople’slives.（2022春·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次.A．getcloseto

B．cleaner

C．consider

D．makesure

E.getintoTheworstdangerisahouseonfirewhenpeopleareasleep.Alwaysbereadytoleavethroughawindowintothegardenbymakingsureyoucanopenitifnecessary.Ifyoushouldbeonholidayinatallbuildingorhotel,___9___youknowwherethefireescapeis.Whenyoucan’tfindanywayout,tryto___10___awindowandshoutforhelp.Ifyoufindabigfireburninginyourhome,getoutrightaway.Whenyougetoutinthesmoke,trytocrawlonyourhandsandkneesbecausesmokerisesandtheairwillbe___11___nearthefloor.Smokeisakillerandmorepeoplehavediedfrombreathingitinthanactuallybeingburnt.Fireinacinema,hallorpublicplaceoftenmeanspeoplerushingtoreachadoor.Theexitsmaybeblocked.Soit’salwaysgoodto___12___allthepossiblewaysofgettingyourselfoutofthefire.A．improve

B．rushing

C．quantity

D．raise

E.qualityWhendidpeoplestarttousefire?Nooneknows,butweknowitwasalongtimeago.Firewasusefulthenandisstillusefulnow.Butfirecanalsobeverydangerous.Almosteverydayweseefireengines___13___throughthestreets.Fireshavenotonlyresultedinheavyeconomiclossesbutalsoinjuredandkilledmanypeople.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenamarkedgrowthoffireaccidentsinbigcities.Whatarethecausesoffireaccidents?Mostofthefiresarebroughtaboutbycarelessnessandviolation(違反)offiresafetyregulations.Othersareduetothepoor___14___ofhomeelectricappliances.Bytheway,somepeopledon’tknowhowtousethemproperly.Besides,therearequiteafewbusinesseswhichfocussomuchoftheirattentiononprofitsthattheytendtoneglectandevenignorefireprecautions(防范).Inordertopreventfires,weshouldfirstofall____15____people’sawarenessoffireprevention.Thesecondthingweshoulddoistotrainprofessionalfirefighters.Finally,weshould____16____theexistingfireenginesandaddmorefirefacilitiestohigh-risebuildings.Inthisway,areliablefirepreventionsystemwillbeformed.（2022秋·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)上海市徐匯中學(xué)?？计谥校⑾铝袉卧~或詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞或詞組只能填一次。A．quiet

B．skills

C．dependon

D．focus

E.effectiveYouhavebeenfamiliarwiththelearningenvironmentinyourmiddleschool,anditfeelslikehome.Soitisnotalwayseasytosay“bye-bye”tomiddleschool.Afterenteringhighschool,youmayfacesomenewchallenges.Theschoolworkmaybecomemoredifficultandrequiregreater____17____.Moststudentsneedsupport.Teachersandparentsmaygiveyouahand.However,youcan’t____18____othersallthetime.Whatcanyoudo?Herearesomesuggestions:Understandwhatkindoflearneryouare.Doyouneedsilencetofocus?ThenmakesuretheTVisnotonwhenyouarestudying.Provideyourselfwitha____19____learningenvironmentathome.Somestudents____20____betterinthemorning,othersatnight.Findtherighttimesothatyoureffortswillworkwell.A．less

B．divide

C．regularly

D．Forexample

E.InadditionLearntobebetterorganized.Itmightbehelpfulwhenyougetusedtomakingato-do-listofallyourschoolwork,andcheckingeachitemoffwhenitiscompleted.Tryto____21____yourwork.Thiswillcreatesmaller,moremanageabletasksoutofthelargerones.Bigprojectsseem____22____difficultiftheyaredonestepbystep.Formgoodreadinghabits.Readeveryday-themore,thebetter.Itdoesn’tmatterwhatyouread.Readingnewspaper____23____isagoodchoice.Newspapersprovideplentyofdetailsandbackground.____24____,informationyougetfromnewspapersisusuallyofficialandtrue.Highschoollifecanbeenjoyable.Oldfriendshipsmightcomeundoneandnewoneswilldevelop.Hopeyouwillfeelhopefulandperformwellinhighschool!（2022秋·上海浦東新·九年級(jí)上海市進(jìn)才中學(xué)北校?？计谥校〤ompletethefollowingpassagewiththelettersrepresentingthewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce(將下列單詞或詞組的字母編號(hào)填入空格。每空格限填一個(gè)單詞或詞組，每個(gè)單詞或詞組只能填一次）A．strange

B．tricks

C．a(chǎn)llowed

D．sports

E.turnedoutAgoodtrickdoesn’tleavelastingdamageandalwaysmakespeoplelaugh.Itcanevenamazethemwithitscreativity.Someschoolsanduniversitieshavealongtraditionofstudentsplayinggood____25____,whichsometimesincludeschoolbuildingsandcars.TheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,auniversityintheUS,hasaspecialdayonwhichstudentsare____26____toplaybigtricks.Onetime,agroupofstudentstookapartacar,movedthepartsintoastudent’sroomandthenputthecarbacktogethernexttothebed.ItwasaquieteveningatanAmericanhighschool.Goinghome,theheadmastergotintohiscarandstartedtheengine.It’squite____27____thatthewheelsturned,butthecardidn’tmove!It____28____thatsomestudentshadfoundawaytoliftthecarupsothatitstireswerejustabovetheground.A．responsible

B．later

C．a(chǎn)ctually

D．shocked

E.amazingOnemorningin2006,thestaffatanotherAmericanhighschoolwere____29____tofindapinkcarontheroof.Thecarevenhadquestionmarkspaintedalloverit!Thestaffbelievedthatmanystudentsmusthaveworkedtogethertocompletethis.TheAmericantrickin2006was____30____acopyofBritishtrickin1958.Thatyear,attheUniversityofCambridge,acarappearedontheroofofabuildingthatwasfivestoreyshigh.Itcausedalotoftroubleforpoliceandfirefightersastheyhadtocutthecarintopiecestogetitdown.Theycouldn’tfindoutwhowas____31____,andthetrickmadeheadlinesaroundtheworld.Itwasonlyfiftyyears____32____thatthestudentsinthecaseprovedwhotheywereandhowtheyplayedtheexcellenttrick.（2022秋·上海寶山·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.A．storm

B．realized

C．ticket

D．table

E.cleanedLilyishappyandexcitedtoday.HermotherisflyingtoLosAngelesfromNewYorkandwillstaywithherfortwoweeks.Lily____33____herhouseuntilitwasshiningandtidy.Beforeshewenttomeethermother,shethoughtsheshouldbooka____34____fordinner,butshewasn’tsurewhetherhermotherwouldpreferChineseorThaifood.SoonafterLilywasontheroad,sheturnedontheradioand____35____thathermotherwasgoingtobelate.TheweatherwasgoodinLosAngeles,butthe____36____nearChicagohadmadealatearrivaloftheplane.Lilythoughtshehadenoughtimetositinacafeandreadabook.A．next

B．careful

C．shocked

D．either

E.earlierAnhourlater,Lilygottotheairport.Shewas____37____toseehermotherwaitingoutsideforataxi!Infact,hermotherhadheardabouttheterribleweatheranddecidedtotakethe____38____flight.Shedidn’thavetimetocallLily,butsheknewthatLilywas____39____andwouldarriveearlytopickherup.Whatamix-up!Itwasverylate.BothLilyandhermotherwerehungryandtired.Lilywantedtotakehermotherto____40____aChineseoraThairestaurant,buthermotherjustwantedtogettoLily’shometotakearest!（2022·上海楊浦·統(tǒng)考二模）將下列單詞成詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次。A．a(chǎn)ims

B．rides

C．banks

D．madeof

E.madeupofPlansforanewUKthemeparkare,underwayandifallgoestoplan,itwillbeopentovisitorsin2024.The“LondonResort”themeparkwillbebuiltonthe___41___oftheriverThamesinKent.ItissettobethreetimesbiggerthananyotherUKthemeparkandthemostambitiousplansEuropehasseensinceDisneylandPariswasbuiltin1992!TheLondonResortthemeparkwillbe___42___hotels,foodhalls,waterparksandofcourse,___43___!Visitorswillbetakenonajourneytosixdifferent“l(fā)ands.”Eachofthesewillhaveadifferenttheme,frommagicalwoodlandsandkingdomstofuturisticalienencounters.Thepark___44___tomeettheneedsofeveryone.A．influence

B．prevent

C．protect

D．seriously

E.responseButnoteveryoneishappyabouttheideaoftheLondonResort.The___45___sofarhasbeenmixed.AccordingtoasurveycarriedoutbyLondonResortCompany.Holdings(LRCH),thedevelopersofthethemepark,16%fpeoplesaidtheywereagainstitsbeingbuilt.Onereasonforthisisthepossiblebad___46___onthearea’senvironment.Theareaisbelievedtobehometoanumberofendangeredplantsandanimals.However,accordingtoLRCH,theplansfortheparkincludeareasdesignedto___47___wildlifethroughquietzonesandgreenareas.Theyalsoplantoleaveexistingwildlifemarshes(沼澤)astheyare.Aftertenyearsofplanning,theLRCHhashandedinitsplans,whichwillbe___48___consideredbythegovernmentandopentoapublicdiscussion.So,whatareyourthoughtsontheproposal?（2022·上?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)填入空格，每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次（A）A．a(chǎn)ward

B．pleased

C．litter

D．nature

E.tidyLastmonth.GeorgeandSophiedesignedacommunityprogramme.Aftertheactivity,thecommunitycentregavethemaspecial___49___forwhattheyhaddone.Theideacametothemonedayastheywerewalkinghomefromschoolthroughthepark.Theynoticedthattherewasalotof___50___onthegrassandbythelake.Theparkdidn'tlookcleanor___51___,sotheydecidedtoplanacommunityclean-upday.Theyaskedlocalpeopletocomeandhelpclearawayalltherubbish.Peopleinthecommunitywerevery___52___tohearabouttheplanasitcouldmakeacleanerneighbourhood.（B）A．inall

B．chose

C．onholiday

D．delivered

E.breathedInordertomakeitconvenientforpeopletojointhem,they___53___aSundayfortheactivity.Thentheycontactedthecommunitycentretoaskforrubbishbagsforthework.Afterthat.they___54___posterstothehousesnearthepark.Theyalsoputupsomepostersintheirschool.Thatday,morepeoplecamethanexpected-eighty-sixvolunteers___55___.Somewerefromthelocalcommunityandothersfromtheschool.Eventouristscametohelp.Onefamilywas___56___intheareaandtheytookpartintheactivityafterseeingtheposters.Itwasasuccessfulday!（2021·上?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次A)needs

B)exactly

C)efforts

D)excuses

E)especiallySometimesnoteverythingworksoutperfectly–andthat’sOK!Forexample,wedon’tknow____57____whatthereaderswant,soit’squitehardtochooseawidelyacceptedpictureofthefood.Butwetryourbesttomeettheir____58____.Wediscusstheworkandhelpeachothertoimprove.That’sthebestpartaboutworkingtogether.Wehavebeenawarded“BestCampusCook”severaltimesforour____59____.Welovemakingnewdishes,takingpictures,andthenpostingthemonourschoolnewspaper.It’salwaysgoodtotrynewthings–____60____withfood!Whenyoueathealthily,itmakesyoufeelbetter,anditcanbetwiceasdelicious.（2021·上海·統(tǒng)考中考真題）選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次A．create

B．product

C．responsible

D．influence

E.unforgettableEmilyandIaretwins.Welovecookinghealthyfoodtogether!Ourparentshavealwayscookedathome.Theyreally____61____usalot.Workingassistersisinteresting,aswehavebeenthroughalargenumberof____62____experiences.However,sometimeswe’dlikemorespaceofourowninthekitchen.Wetrytobefair.Ifonepersonmanagesto____63____adish,theotherpersonwillwritetheprocessandtakephotos.Thenwe’llchangejobsnexttime.Ourdishesaresopopularthatwehavebeeninvitedtobe____64____fortheFoodandHealthsectioninourschoolnewspaper.考點(diǎn)22易錯(cuò)題型（三）五選四五選四的考題特點(diǎn)：1.

詞匯方面注重對(duì)于詞匯和搭配的考察。2.

語(yǔ)法方面考察詞性之間關(guān)系和句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力。3.

邏輯方面考察上下文聯(lián)系考向一：五選四解題步驟STEP1詳讀選項(xiàng)，詞分類(lèi)兩篇文章選項(xiàng)中的10個(gè)詞是考查的關(guān)鍵，考生應(yīng)該詳細(xì)的理解這10個(gè)單詞。熟悉的單詞標(biāo)明詞性和詞義，不熟悉的單詞或者不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞只需標(biāo)明詞性，然后根據(jù)名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞四大類(lèi)按規(guī)律排列在試卷上。這樣就縮小了選擇的范圍，降低了試題的難度。注意：1.動(dòng)詞分為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包括：動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞。過(guò)去分詞有兩種可能性(形容詞和動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞),因此要根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的形式結(jié)合文章進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)或者語(yǔ)態(tài)的判斷。2.不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞要看后綴。構(gòu)詞法中,前綴區(qū)分意思,后綴區(qū)分詞性。所以看詞尾往往能大致分出詞性。詞性無(wú)法確定的,暫時(shí)擱置。3.做出相應(yīng)的標(biāo)記。在英文中有的單詞不只有一個(gè)詞性，比如大家常見(jiàn)的play/visit/study基友名詞詞性也有動(dòng)詞詞性。STEP2略讀全文，定中心考生拿到題目以后，由于考查考生對(duì)篇章的理解，應(yīng)該略讀整篇文章，確定文章的中心或主要說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題。要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主題詞或主題。和完型填空一樣，一般文章第一句不設(shè)空格，以便讓考生知道本文的相關(guān)主題詞或主題。在此，建議大家使用略讀的方法，以快速掌握文章大意。STEP3瞻前顧后，靈活選詞性分類(lèi)之后，回到原文中，根據(jù)原文中空格的前后單詞或者前后語(yǔ)句確定所要填的詞性，然后從分類(lèi)好的單詞中選擇出詞性、意思、語(yǔ)法都符合要求的最佳選項(xiàng)。首先，根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)確認(rèn)可以被填入此空的詞性，然后按第一步中標(biāo)注出的詞性進(jìn)行篩選，最后將備選詞逐個(gè)代入空中細(xì)讀句意，考慮上下問(wèn)邏輯關(guān)系做出選擇。STEP4復(fù)核檢查，定結(jié)果篇章詞匯理解題目類(lèi)似于完型填空，這需要考生不僅要迅速的確定答案，還要在確定答案之后迅速的復(fù)查。檢查上下文是否通順、上下文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確、文章的意思是否出現(xiàn)偏差等等，復(fù)查無(wú)誤后即可確定為最后答案。A．different

B．a(chǎn)vailable

C．thesame

D．happened

E.digging

Tomwasaworker.Helikedtogrowvegetablesinhisgardenwhenhewas____1____.Onedayafterbreakfastheputonhisoldclothesandbegan____2____inhisgardenateight.Heduganddug.Halfanhourlater,hesuddenlyfoundacoin(硬幣)nearhisfoot.Hewasveryglad.Heputitinhisrightpocket.Afewminuteslater,hefoundanotherone.Heputitin____3____pocket,too.Thesamething____4____forthethird,thefourthandthefifthtime…A．brought

B．shop

C．hole

D．caught

E.happy

Hewasvery____5____andtoldhiswifeaboutit.Shewasveryhappy,too.Shesaid,“Athief(小偷)tookawayalotofcoinsfroma____6____afewweeksago.Thepolice____7____himbuttheydidn’tfindanycoins.”ThenTomwentondiggingandfoundsomemorecoins,butjustwhenhebegantodig,hefeltsomethingcoldinhistrousers.Itrandownoneofhislegs.Heputhishanddownquicklyandthecoincameintohishand.Nowheknewtherewasa____8____inhispocket.1．B

2．E

3．C

4．D

5．E

6．B

7．D

8．C【分析】本文主要講述了一個(gè)叫湯姆的工人，喜歡空閑時(shí)在花園里種菜，有一天在花園里挖土，挖到了硬幣，之后他又挖到第三個(gè)，第四個(gè)……。他繼續(xù)挖的時(shí)候，又發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些硬幣，最后發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的口袋里有一個(gè)洞。1．句意：有空的時(shí)候，他喜歡在花園里種蔬菜。根據(jù)“Helikedtogrowvegetablesinhisgardenwhenhewas...”結(jié)合備選詞匯可知此處是指當(dāng)湯姆有空的時(shí)候就喜歡在花園里種菜，available“有空的”，是形容詞，故選B。2．句意：一天早餐后，他穿上舊衣服，八點(diǎn)就開(kāi)始在花園里挖土。根據(jù)“Onedayafterbreakfastheputonhisoldclothesandbegan...inhisgardenateight.Heduganddug”可知此處是指在花園里挖土，dig“挖”，是動(dòng)詞，固定短語(yǔ)begindoingsth.“開(kāi)始做某事”，動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞形式，故選E。3．句意：他也把它放在了同一個(gè)口袋里。根據(jù)“Heputitinhisrightpocket.Afewminuteslater,hefoundanotherone.Heputitin...pocket,too”結(jié)合備選詞匯可知此處是指放在同一個(gè)口袋里，thesame“相同的”，故選C。4．句意：同樣的事情發(fā)生了第三次，第四次和第五次……。根據(jù)“Thesamething...forthethird,thefourthandthefifthtime…”結(jié)合備選詞匯可知此處是指同樣的事情發(fā)生了，happen“發(fā)生”，是動(dòng)詞，此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去式，故選D。5．句意：他很高興，把這件事告訴了他的妻子。根據(jù)“Hewasvery...andtoldhiswifeaboutit.Shewasveryhappy,too.”可知此處是指他很高興，happy“開(kāi)心的”，是形容詞，故選E。6．句意：幾個(gè)星期前，一個(gè)小偷從商店拿走了很多硬幣。根據(jù)“Athief(小偷)tookawayalotofcoinsfroma...afewweeksago.”結(jié)合備選詞匯可知此處是指小偷從商店拿走了很多硬幣，shop“商店”，故選B。7．句意：警察抓住了他，但他們沒(méi)有找到任何硬幣。根據(jù)“Thepolice...himbuttheydidn’tfindanycoins”可知此處是指警察抓住了小偷，catch“抓住”，是動(dòng)詞，此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去式caught，故選D。8．句意：現(xiàn)在他知道自己口袋里有個(gè)洞。根據(jù)“...butjustwhenhebegantodig,hefeltsomethingcoldinhistrousers.Itrandownoneofhislegs”結(jié)合備選詞匯可知此處是指口袋里有個(gè)洞，hole“洞”，是名詞，故選C?？枷蚨何暹x四解題技巧STEP1判斷詞性的技巧前面提到的“瞻前顧后”就是需要考生根據(jù)空格的前后來(lái)決定所填詞的詞性以及應(yīng)填的正確選項(xiàng)，我們可以根據(jù)一些簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)確定答案。應(yīng)該說(shuō)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)是解詞匯理解題的基礎(chǔ)。1.確定空格為名詞(1)a/an/then.,adj.n.,vt.n.,即空格處前面為冠詞、形容詞或者及物動(dòng)詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞；(2)n.v.,即空格處后面是動(dòng)詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入該動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)(名詞)；(3)prep.n.,即空格處前面是介詞的，空格處充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)，用填入一個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)名詞。2.確定空格為動(dòng)詞(1)n./pron.vt.n./pron.,即空格前面已有名詞/代詞作主語(yǔ)，后面又有名詞/代詞作為動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，空格處應(yīng)為及物動(dòng)詞；(2)n./pron.vi.,即空格處前面是名詞/代詞，后面沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，空格處應(yīng)填不及物動(dòng)詞；(3)n./pron.vi.adv./prep.,即空格處前面是名詞/代詞，空格處后面是副詞/介詞，空格處應(yīng)填入不及物動(dòng)詞，與副詞/介詞構(gòu)成固定搭配；(4)n./pron.linkv./be.adj.,即空格處前面是名詞/代詞，后面是形容詞，空格處應(yīng)填入系動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞；(5)tov.,即空格處前有不定式標(biāo)志to，空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形；另一種情況to是介詞，后面應(yīng)填入動(dòng)名詞。3.確定空格為形容詞(1)adj.n.或n.adj.,即空格處前面或者后面為名詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞；(2)adv.adj.,即空格處前面是副詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞；(3)link/bev.adj.,即空格處前面是系動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作表語(yǔ)。4.確定空格為副詞(1)adv.v.或v.adv.,即空格處前面或者后面為動(dòng)詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞；(2)adv.adj.,即空格處后面是形容詞的，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。STEP2利用邏輯關(guān)系詞確定答案在篇章詞匯理解題目中，文章的邏輯關(guān)系對(duì)于考生把握整篇文章是很重要的，文章的邏輯關(guān)系通過(guò)一些邏輯關(guān)系詞體現(xiàn)的，考生可以通過(guò)邏輯關(guān)系詞來(lái)推斷出一些答案。常見(jiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系詞如下：(1)并列關(guān)系：and,or,aswellas等(2)對(duì)比關(guān)系：but,however,onthecontrary,ratherthan等(3)比較關(guān)系：as…as,like,similar等(4)因果關(guān)系：because,for,since,asaresultof,therefore,thus等(5)舉例關(guān)系：forexample,forinstance,suchas，andsoon等(6)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：and,what’smore,moreover,inaddition等STEP3比較填詞將詞性分類(lèi)后，如何確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確答案呢？這就需要考生進(jìn)行選項(xiàng)間的比較，比較同詞性的詞匯哪一個(gè)是最佳答案。邏輯判斷：即根據(jù)文章的邏輯順序和邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，確定同詞性的詞匯中的哪個(gè)是最佳答案詞義判斷：即通過(guò)同詞性詞匯的中文意思是否符合文章的整體意思，由此判斷是不是最合適的選項(xiàng)A．lost

B．thank

C．

hangout

D．inspring

E.inautumnLastSaturday,Grandmacalledmetohavelunchwithher.Iwantedto____9____withmyfriends,soIturnedherdown.ThisSaturday,shegavemeaphonecallagain.Shesaidthatshemadeanapplepie,butitwas____10____.Ithoughtbeingadetective(偵探)wascool,soIrodemybiketoherhouseatonce(立刻).“Imadethepieandcutitintofivepieces,”Grandmasaid.“ThenPaulcameintothehouse.Hehelpedmecleanthegarden.Youknow,alotofleaves(樹(shù)葉)fallontheground

____11____.”“Hemighttakeawaythepie.”Isaid.“Oh,no,”Grandmasaid.“To____12____him,Igavehimapieceofpie.”A．

besadabout

B．a(chǎn)t

all

C．too

D．a(chǎn)pieceofpie

E.twopiecesofpie“Thenwhathappened?”Iasked.“ThenIinvitedGloria,nextdoorneighbor,forsomepieandteawithme.Hergranddaughtercame,____13____”“Grandma!”Isaid.“Nobodytookawaythepie.Youjustgaveawayallthepiecesofit.

OnepiecetoPaul.You,Gloriaandhergranddaughtereachhadapiece.”“Butthereisstillonepiecemissing,”Grandmaseemedto____14____it.Ihadtolookformoreclues(線索).Iwalkedaroundthehouse.Finally,Iopenedthefridge(冰箱).Oh,Isaw____15____!“Youmustbehungryafterallthesedetectivework.Letmeheat(加熱)this‘missing’pieforyou.”Grandmasaidhappilyandputitintheoven.Thepiewasreallydelicious.ThenIcametounderstandthatmygrandmadidn’tlosethepie____16____.Shejustmissedmeandwantedtobewithme.9．C

10．A

11．E

12．B

13．C

14．A

15．D

16．B【分析】文章講述了作者的奶奶為了想讓作者周末和她在一起，謊稱(chēng)“餡餅丟了”，讓作者幫助找餡餅的故事。9．句意：我想和朋友們出去玩，所以我拒絕了她。根據(jù)“Grandmacalledmetohavelunchwithher.”以及“withmyfriends,soIturnedherdown”及選詞可知，作者想和朋友出去玩，所以拒絕了奶奶，hangout“閑逛”符合，故選C。10．句意：她說(shuō)她做了一個(gè)蘋(píng)果派，但它丟了。根據(jù)“Ithoughtbeingadetective(偵探)wascool,soIrodemybiketoherhouseatonce(立刻).”及選詞可知，此處指的是“東西丟了”，故選A。11．句意：你知道，秋天有很多樹(shù)葉落在地上。根據(jù)“alotofleaves(樹(shù)葉)fallontheground”及選詞可知，此處指的是“秋天”，故選E。12．句意：為了感謝他，我給了他一塊餡餅。根據(jù)“ThenPaulcameintothehouse.Hehelpedmecleanthegarden.”以及“him,Igavehimapieceofpie.”及選詞可知，此處指的是“為了感謝Paul”，故選B。13．句意：她的孫女也來(lái)了。根據(jù)“ThenIinvitedGloria,nextdoorneighbor,forsomepieandteawithme.Hergranddaughtercame”及選詞可知，此處指的是“孫女也來(lái)了”，肯定句句末用too，故選C。14．句意：“但還是少了一塊，”奶奶似乎很難過(guò)。根據(jù)“Butthereisstillonepiecemissing”及選詞可知，奶奶丟了餡餅應(yīng)該很傷心，故選A。15．句意：哦，我看到了一塊！根據(jù)“Finally,Iopenedthefridge(冰箱).Oh,Isaw”以及“Youmustbehungryafterallthesedetectivework.Letmeheat(加熱)this‘missing’pieforyou.”及選詞可知，作者在冰箱發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊餡餅，故選D。16．句意：后來(lái)我才明白我奶奶根本沒(méi)有丟餡餅。根據(jù)“mygrandmadidn’tlosethepie...Shejustmissedmeandwantedtobewithme.”及選詞可知，奶奶根本沒(méi)有丟餡餅，not...atall“根本不”，故選B。（2022春·上海長(zhǎng)寧·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）A．volunteer

B．experience

C．exciting

D．disaster

E.ordinaryChrisisnotacommonexplorer.Heusuallyworksinanofficeforalargeorganization.Yethisjobcansometimesbejustas____1____anddangerousasbeinganexplorer.ChrisworksforMSF,anorganizationalsoknownasDoctorsWithoutBorders.MSFsendstraineddoctorsallovertheworldtohelppeopleafterawarora____2____.ChrisisadoctorfromFrancewhohastravelledtomanyplacestohelppeople.Atthemoment,therearemorethan27,000traineddoctorsandnursestakingpartinMSFprojectsandtasks.Allkindsofdoctorscan____3____forMSF.Theyneedtobepreparedtogoalmostanywhereintheworldand,ofcourse,theyshouldexpectdifficultconditions.Doctorswith____4____intropicaldiseasesareespeciallyusefulbecausemostofMSF’sworkisinAfrica.A．a(chǎn)greewith

B．getonwellwith

C．comfortable

D．difference

E.emergentWhenMSFacceptsadoctorforatask,hehastogoforatleastsixmonths.Whendoctorshavecompletedafewtasks,theymightbesentonanother____5____task,suchasanearthquake.Butwhywouldadoctorleavea____6____lifeandagoodpaytoMSF?AccordingtoChris,theexperienceyougainisagreathelpinyourwork.Besides,justliketheexplorersofthepast,youneedtokeepanopenmindandlearnto____7____thepeopleyoumee