2022-2023學年重慶市高三上學期12月月考英語試題及答案

2022-2023學年重慶市高三上學期12月月考英語試題及答案注意事項:1.答題前,考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthemando?A.Dosomeexercise.B.Lookafterthebaby.C.Listentotheradio.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.3.Whichhouseisthewomanlookingfor?A.Theonewithagarage.B.Theonenexttoabookstore.C.Theonewithapoolinthegarden.4.Whydoesthewomanrefusetogowiththeman?A.Shelivesnearby.B.Hehashadsomewine.C.Shecantakethelastbushome.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inalibrary.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inacinema.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatisprobablythewoman?A.Ateacher.B.Amanager.C.Adirector.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.Bossandemployee.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.WheredoesMikecomefrom?A.Britain.B.Canada.C.NewZealand.9.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofMike?A.Heishelpful.B.Heishumorous.C.Heisstrong.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatcoloristheman’sshirtnow?A.Brightpink.B.Brightred.C.Lightpink.11.Howdidthemanwashhisshirt?A.Hehaditdry-cleaned.B.Hewasheditbyhand.C.Hewasheditinthewashingmachine.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydointheend?A.Returnhisshirt.B.Keephisshirt.C.Changehisshirt.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthemangoingtodothissummerholiday?A.Travelabroad.B.Gocamping.C.Visithisaunt.14.Wherewillthewomanspendhersummerholiday?A.InChina.B.InSpain.C.InAustralia.15.Whattroubledidthemanhaveabroadlasttime?A.Hecouldn’tspeakChinese.B.Hefailedtoreachhismates.C.Hecouldn’tunderstandthelocallanguage.16.Whatwillthemanhavetoworkon?A.Math.B.Painting.C.Chinese.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whoarethelisteners?A.Visitors.B.Students.C.Newemployees.18.WhatcanNatWestaccountprovide?A.Afreedrivinglesson.B.Freemobilephoneinsurance.C.DiscountsontrainfaresinBritain.19.Whatdothethreebankshaveincommon?A.Theyprovidefreelifeinsurance.B.TheyhavemanybranchesinBritain.C.Theydon’tchargeinterestsifcustomersareoverdrawn.20.WhatistheinterestrateofHSBCcreditcard?A18.8%.B.18.9%.C.19.9%.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AVolunteerProgramsSpecialNeedsSupportinBarcelonaAreyouinterestedinbeingavolunteerofSpecialNeedsSupportinBarcelona?Theprogramenablesvolunteerstoprovideone-on-onecareforpeoplewithavarietyofphysicalandmentaldisabilities.Ataspecializedcenter,volunteerscangainrelevantexperiencebysupportingpeoplewithdisabilities.Highlights:TheprogramstartseverysecondMondayofthemonth.Affordablefeesare$1000for2weeks.Itincludesaccommodation,mealsandairportpick-up.AnimalCareinSpainDoyouwanttomakesomefour-leggedfriendsasavolunteerofAnimalCareinSpain?TheprojectempowersvolunteerstoassistcatsanddogsthathavebeenabandonedinBarcelona.Volunteerstakecareofanimalsandimproveconditionsattheanimalshelterinordertokeepanimalsactiveandhealthy.Highlights:TheprogramstartseveryfourthTuesdayofthemonth.Affordablefeesare$1030for2weeks.Itincludesaccommodation,mealsandairportpick-up.ForestConservationinSpainDoyouwanttohelpdealwithclimatechangeinSpain?TheprojectprovidesauniqueopportunityforvolunteerstocontributetotherecoveryofthenativeforestsontheCataloniacoastnearBarcelona.Volunteersgainexperienceinfieldworkwhilehelpingthenaturalforestrecover.Highlights:TheprogramstartseveryWednesday.Affordablefeesare$425for1week.Itincludesaccommodation,mealsand24/7support.CoastalConservationinZanzibarAreyouexcitedaboutvolunteeringforcoastalconservationinZanzibar?ItisanopportunityforvolunteerstoexploretheJozaniForest.Volunteerswillgainexperiencebysupportinglocalinitiativesthataimtopreservethenaturalenvironmentandwildlifethrougharangeofactivities.Highlights:TheprogramstartseveryFriday.Affordablefeesare$540for1week.Itincludesaccommodation,airportpick-upand24/7support.1.Whendoyoubegintoworkifyouvolunteertohelpthosewithspecialneeds?A.EveryFriday. B.EveryWednesday.C.EveryfourthTuesdayofthemonth. D.EverysecondMondayofthemonth.2.Whichprogramenablesavolunteertodosomethingaboutclimatechange?A.AnimalCareinSpain. B.ForestConservationinSpain.C.CoastalConservationinZanzibar. D.SpecialNeedsSupportinBarcelona.3.Whatdothefourvolunteerprogramshaveincommon?A.Theyallchargefees. B.Theyallprovidemeals.C.Theyalllastoneortwoweeks. D.Theyallfocusonenvironmentalprotection.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。介紹了四個適合青少年參加的志愿者項目?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個項目的“TheprogramstartseverysecondMondayofthemonth.(該計劃在每個月的第二個周一開始。)”可知，如果你想去幫助有特殊需求的人，你需要在每個月的第二個周一開始工作。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個項目第一句“DoyouwanttohelpdealwithclimatechangeinSpain?(您想幫助西班牙應對氣候變化嗎？)”可知,該項目致力于幫助解決氣候變化的問題。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第一個項目中的“Affordablefeesare$1000for2weeks.(兩周1000美元。)”，第二個項目中的“Affordablefeesare$1030for2weeks.（兩周1030美元。）”，第三個項目中的“Affordablefeesare$425for1week.(一周425美元。)”以及第四個項目中的“Affordablefeesare$540for1week.(一周540美元。)”可知，這四個項目都是收取費用的。故選A項。BOneofthereasonsIbecameateacherwashowmuchIlovedthereadingandwritingprocess,andhowexcitedIwastohelpyoungchildrendevelopasreadersandwriters.Ihadvisionsofaclassfullofbusywriters,allwiththesamesenseofexcitementI’vealwayshadaboutwritingandsharingstories.Oneday,IdiscoveredtheworkofVivianPaley,whodevelopedastorytellingcurriculumforyoungchildrenthatinvolveswritingdownthecontentsofstudents’drawingsandhavingtheirclassmatesactoutthesestories.IwasimmediatelydrawntoPaley’sfocusondramatization(編劇).Onemorning,asmystudentsgatheredinourclassroomforourwritinglesson,Itoldthemthattheycoulddrawanythingthey’dlike,imaginaryorrealthatday.Theydiscussedwithoneanotherwhattheylikedtodrawandsharedsomeoftheseideasoutloud,whichhelpedinspirethosewhoweren’treadywiththeirownideas.Forthenexthalf-hourorso,Iwasbusywritingdowntheirstories.Iobservedsomeofmymosthesitantandunwillingstudentsdrawingwithasenseoffocusandpurpose.Attheendofthesession,wesatinacircleandIexplainedthatwewouldactoutsomeoftheirstories.The“playwright(劇作家)”wouldchooseclassmatestobethecharactersinthestory,andIwouldtellthestory.Thenthefirstplaywrightstooduptoannouncewhichchar-actersshe’dneed.Iwatchedasonestudentbecamearabbit,anotherbecameafairy,andanotherbecamearainbowcloud.Whentheplaywasover,theactorsandplaywrightbowed,andtheclassclappedforthem.Thenextplaywrightjumpedtoherfeet,shouting,“Mystoryisnext!”4Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromparagraph1?A.Shehopedherstudentswouldinspireherwriting.B.Shedidn’treallyexpecttobeateacherwhenyoung.C.Shewantedtohelpherstudentsfallinlovewithwriting.D.Shebecameateachermainlybecauseshelovedchildren.5.HowdidtheauthorreactwhenshereadVivianPaley’swork?A.Shedecidedtotrydrawingpicturesherself.B.Shewantedtoencourageherstudentstoact.C.Shebecameinterestedintryingdramatization.D.Shewantedtoletherstudentsactoutherstories.6Whatdidtheauthorencourageherstudentstodothatmorning?A.Revealtheircreativeideasthroughdrawing.B.Writedowntheirstoriesinsimplewords.C.Drawpicturesofstoriesthey’dread.D.Observeothers’drawings.7.Whatdidtheauthorprobablyrealizeinthatsession?A.Shewasreallygoodatmakingupstories.B.Herstudentsreallyhadagiftforacting.C.Sheshouldreadstoriesaloudeveryday.D.Herstudentsreallylovedthatmethod.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者熱愛教育，并在寫作課上進行繪畫和表演相結(jié)合課程實踐的故事。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“OneofthereasonsIbecameateacherwashowmuchIlovedthereadingandwritingprocess,andhowexcitedIwastohelpyoungchildrendevelopasreadersandwriters.”（我成為一名教師的原因之一就是我非常喜歡閱讀和寫作的過程，幫助孩子們成為讀者和小作家讓我感到非常興奮。）可知，作者自己喜歡寫作并且想幫助孩子們寫作，由此可知，她想幫助孩子們建立對寫作的熱愛，故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“IwasimmediatelydrawntoPaley’sfocusondramatization(編劇).”（我立刻被Paley對于編劇的關(guān)注所吸引。）可知，作者被這個課程所吸引，由此可知，她開始對嘗試戲劇化產(chǎn)生興趣。故選C項。【6題詳解】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段“Onemorning,asmystudentsgatheredinourclassroomforourwritinglesson,Itoldthemthattheycoulddrawanythingthey’dlike,imaginaryorrealthatday.”（一天早上，當我的同學們聚集在教室上寫作課的時候，我告訴他們說，他們可以畫任何他們喜歡的東西，不管是想象的還是真實的都可以。）可知，作者告訴學生們可以通過繪畫展示他們的創(chuàng)意。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Whentheplaywasover,theactorsandplaywrightbowed,andtheclassclappedforthem.Thenextplaywrightjumpedtoherfeet,shouting,“Mystoryisnext!””（演出結(jié)束時，演員和劇作家鞠躬致謝，全班為他們鼓掌。下一個劇作家跳了起來大聲說“接下來是我的故事！”）可知孩子們很喜歡這種形式的課程并愿意展現(xiàn)自己，推斷出她的學生喜歡這種教學方法。故選D項。CDogshaveaseeminglyendlesslistoflovelybehavior,andtheircuriousheadtilt(歪頭)athumanvoicesisnoexception.Whileconductingastudyondogs’abilitytolearnwords,scientistsstumbleduponapotentiallinkbetweendogs’memoryandtheirheadtilt.Inthestudy,researcherslookedattheheadtiltpatternsofboth“gifted”and“typical”dogs.Ownersorderedtheirdogstofetchaspecifictoyfromanotherroom.Whilemostdogsstruggledtomemorizethenameofjusttwotoys,theseven“gifted”dogs-allofwhichwerebordercollies(牧羊犬)couldrememberatleasttendifferenttoynamesthey＇dbeentaughtbyresearchers.Theteamfoundthatdogsthatwereparticularlygoodattoyrecalltiltedtheirheadsmoreoftenwhenhearingacommandthandogswhichweren’tasskilled.Whentheycomparedthedogs’responsestoacommandfromtheirowners,gifteddogstiltedtheirheads43percentofthetime,whiletypicaldogsdidsojust2percentofthetime.It’spossible,scientistsconcluded,thatthedogs’headtiltmaybeasignofpayingattentionorevenmatchinganametoavisualimageintheirheads.Researchersalsodiscoveredthatdogsusuallytiltedtheirheadsinthesamedirectionregardlessofwheretheownerwasstanding.Theso-called“right-tilters“and“l(fā)eft-tilters”maybeamatterofindividualpreference.“Thenextstepistoaskmorequestionstoknowwhattheheadtiltreallymeans,“saystheresearcherMoniqueUdell.“Canweuseheadtiltingtopredictword-learningability,orattention,ormemory?””Theresearchersagreethatthestudyisstillintheearlystages.Fornow,dogownerscantakecomfortinknowingthattheirdogs’headtiltmaybealovelyattempttobetterunderstandthem.8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“stumbledupon“underlinedinparagraph1?A.Brokebyaccident. B.Discoveredunexpectedly.C.Imaginedwithoutreason. D.Investigatedsecretly.9.Whatwerethedogsaskedtodointhestudy?A.Findoutthehiddentoys.B.Findthenameofthetoys.C.Separatethedifferenttoys.D.Gotogetthetoysmentioned.10.Whatdidtheresearchersfindoutaboutthegifteddogshearingcommands?A.Theirresponseswerefaster.B.Theytiltedtheirheadsmoreoften.C.Theytiltedtheirheadstotheleftmoreoften.D.Theyweremoreeasilyinfluencedbytheowners’locations.11.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Dogsmainlycommunicatebytiltingtheirheads.B.Dogshavedevelopedspecificcommunicationskills.C.Anewstudyoffersaclueastowhydogstilttheirheads.D.Bordercolliesarethesmartestspeciesintheanimalkingdom.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，狗的歪頭行為可能與它們的學習能力有關(guān)系?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)首段中的“Dogshaveaseeminglyendlesslistoflovelybehavior,andtheircuriousheadtilt(歪頭)athumanvoicesisnoexception.(狗似乎有無窮無盡的可愛行為，它們好奇的頭歪著聽人的聲音也不例外。)”及下文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)“…apotentiallinkbetweendogs’memoryandtheirheadtilt.(……狗的記憶和頭部傾斜之間的潛在聯(lián)系。)”可推知，此處是指“意外發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選B項。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Ownersorderedtheirdogstofetchaspecifictoyfromanotherroom.(主人命令他們的狗從另一個房間拿一個特定的玩具。)”可知，在這項研究中，狗的主人讓狗取來指定的玩具。故選D項。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Theteamfoundthatdogsthatwereparticularlygoodattoyrecalltiltedtheirheadsmoreoftenwhenhearingacommandthandogswhichweren’tasskilled.(研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，特別擅長玩具回憶的狗在聽到命令時比不那么熟練的狗更頻繁地歪頭。)”可知，那些特別擅長記住玩具名字的狗，在聽到指令時歪頭更頻繁。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Whileconductingastudyondogs’abilitytolearnwords,scientistsstumbleduponapotentiallinkbetweendogs’memoryandtheirheadtilt.”可知,文章主要介紹的是研究人員的一項發(fā)現(xiàn)：狗的歪頭行為可能與它們的學習能力有關(guān)系。文章其它內(nèi)容均圍繞著這一研究展開。故選C項。DAteamledbyresearchersfromtheUKexaminedwaterbirddatafrom1506protectedareasandanalyzedmorethan27,000birdpopulationsacrosstheworld.Theycomparedwaterbirdpopulationsbeforeandaftertheestablishmentofprotectedareasandalsocomparedtrendsofsimilarpopulationswithinandoutsideofprotectedareas.“Ourstudyshowsthat,whilemanyprotectedareasareworkingwell,manyothersarefailingtohaveapositiveeffect,”leadauthorHannahWauchopesaysinastatement.“Inthemajorityofplaceswelooked,birdpopulationswerestableorwereincreasing,butsomeofthemweren’tdoinganybetterthaninunprotectedareas,“sheadds.“That’sdisappointing,butnotsurprising.Thereseemstobethedisconnectionbetweenpeopletalkingabouthowmuchlandisprotectedandwhetherthoseareasareactuallydoinganythingpositive.”ThisstudycomesaheadofaUnitedNationsmeetinginChinatodiscussbiodiversitygoalsforthenextdecade.Severalcountrieshavealreadycommittedtoprotecting30percentoftheplanetby2030,yettheresearcherssaythisalonedoesnotnecessarilyguaranteepositiveout-comesforspecies.“Anobsession(迷戀)withreachingacertainarea-basedtarget-suchas30percentby2030-withoutfocusonmanagingexistingprotectedareasappropriatelywillachievelittle,”co-authorJuliaJonessays.“WhenworldleadersgatherinChinalaterthisyeartosettargetsforthenextdecade,Ireallyhopetoseeachangeoftheirfocus,ratherthansimplysayinghowmuchsurfaceareatheyaregoingtoprotect.”AccordingtoThomasBrooks,chiefscientistattheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,waterbirdsareagoodexampleofagroupfacingtheconsequencesofhumanbehaviorsthatcausebiodiversityloss.Theseanimalsrespondquicklytochangesinsitequalityandarebroadlydistributed,clearlyreflectingtheimpactofprotectedareas.12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutprotectedareasfromthestudy?A.Theyhaveanegativeeffectonwildlife.B.Theirbirdpopulationsareincreasing.C.Theirproblemswentunnoticedatall.D.Theydon’talwayshelpwaterbirds.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this“inparagraph3referto?A.Expandingprotectedareas.B.Organizingthemeeting.C.Talkingaboutbiodiversity.D.Makingabigpromise.14.WhatdoesJuliaJonescallonworldleaderstodo?A.Trytosettargetsforthenexttenyears.B.Focusontheeffectivenessofprotectedareas.C.Facetheconsequencesofhumanbehaviors.D.Haveadeepunderstandingofbiodiversity.15.WhatmightThomasBrooksthinkofthestudy?A.Pioneering. B.Disappointing.C.Convincing. D.Unsatisfying.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。根據(jù)英國研究人員領(lǐng)導的一個團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然很多保護區(qū)的運作良好，但很多保護區(qū)并沒有產(chǎn)生積極的影響，并分析了出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因，希望世界領(lǐng)導人在未來的十年規(guī)劃中能講重點轉(zhuǎn)移到保護區(qū)的實際效果上來?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Ourstudyshowsthat,whilemanyprotectedareasareworkingwell,manyothersarefailingtohaveapositiveeffect,”leadauthorHannahWauchopesaysinastatement.(“我們的研究表明，雖然許多保護區(qū)運作良好，但許多其他保護區(qū)未能產(chǎn)生積極影響，”主要作者HannahWauchope在一份聲明中說。)”可知，保護區(qū)并不總能幫到水鳥。故選D項?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Severalcountrieshavealreadycommittedtoprotecting30percentoftheplanetby2030,yettheresearcherssaythisalonedoesnotnecessarilyguaranteepositiveout-comesforspecies.(一些國家已經(jīng)承諾到2030年保護地球的30%，然而，研究人員表示，僅憑這一點并不一定能保證對物種產(chǎn)生積極的影響。)”可知,一些國家已經(jīng)承諾到2030年時將保護地球30％的土地，此處的this指上文提到的“承諾到2030年保護地球的30%”也就是承諾“擴大保護區(qū)域”。故選A項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的““Anobsession(迷戀)withreachingacertainarea-basedtarget-suchas30percentby2030-withoutfocusonmanagingexistingprotectedareasappropriatelywillachievelittle,”co-authorJuliaJonessays.(“癡迷達到某個基于區(qū)域的目標——例如到2030年達到30%——而不專注于適當管理現(xiàn)有保護區(qū)將收效甚微，”合著者朱莉婭瓊斯說。)”及第一段該研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)可知，她呼吁世界領(lǐng)導人關(guān)注對現(xiàn)有保護區(qū)的管理，確保它們能發(fā)揮應有的作用。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AccordingtoThomasBrooks,chiefscientistattheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,waterbirdsareagoodexampleofagroupfacingtheconsequencesofhumanbehaviorsthatcausebiodiversityloss.(根據(jù)國際自然保護聯(lián)盟首席科學家托馬斯布魯克斯的說法，水鳥是一個面臨導致生物多樣性喪失的人類行為后果的群體的一個很好的例子。)”可知,ThomasBrooks認為,研究水鳥確實能看出保護區(qū)對野生生物的影響,該研究是令人信服的。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Theprocessbywhichrichlandbecomesdesertiscalleddesertification(沙漠化).___16___TheU.N.saysupto45percentofAfrica’slandisimpactedbydesertification,worsethananyothercontinent.Africa’sGreatGreenWallisaprojecttobuildan8000-kilometer-longforestacross11ofthecontinent’scountries.TheprojectismeanttocontainthegrowingSaharaDesertandfightclimatechange.___17___Theyincludelimitedpoliticalsupport,lackofmoney,weakorganizationalstructures,andnotenoughconsiderationfortheenvironment.Just4millionhectaresoflandhavebeenturnedintoforestsincetheworkontheGreatGreenWallbegan15yearsago.___18___Launchedin2007,theprojectaimstoplantaforestfromSenegalontheAtlanticOceaninwesternAfricatoEritrea,EthiopiaandDjiboutiintheeast.___19___Itcouldalsoreducelevelsofclimate-relatedmigrationintheareaandcapturehundredsofmillionsoftonsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.___20___Theysaysomeprogresshasbeenmadeinrecentyearsintheeastofthecontinent.Forexample,effortsinEritreaandSudanhaveresultedinnearly140,000hectaresofnewlyplantedforest.TheU.N.desertificationagencysaystheprojectwillneedtoplantanaverageof8.2millionhectaresyearlytoreachitsgoalof100millionhectaresby2030.A.Ithassevereimpactsontheenvironment.B.Thatisonly4percentoftheprogram’sgoal.C.However,itisdifficulttocarryouttheproject.D.Buttheprojecthasbeenfacingmanyproblems.E.TheprojectwouldcreatemillionsofgreenjobsinruralAfrica.F.Despitemanyproblems,thoseinvolvedintheprojectremainhopeful.G.Somecountrieshavestruggledtokeepupwiththedemandsoftheproject.【答案】16.A17.D18.B19.E20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了非洲綠色長城項目的進展情況。【16題詳解】根據(jù)下文“TheU.N.saysupto45percentofAfrica’slandisimpactedbydesertification,worsethananyothercontinent.(聯(lián)合國表示，非洲多達45%的土地受到荒漠化的影響，比其他任何大陸都嚴重。)”可知，該空是介紹沙漠化對環(huán)境的影響，A項“Ithassevereimpactsontheenvironment.(它對環(huán)境有嚴重影響。)”中的impacts為解題的關(guān)鍵信息，所講述的內(nèi)容與下文一致。故選A項。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theyincludelimitedpoliticalsupport,lackofmoney,weakorganizationalstructures,andnotenoughconsiderationfortheenvironment.(它們包括有限的政治支持，缺乏資金，組織結(jié)構(gòu)薄弱以及對環(huán)境的考慮不足。)”列舉了各種問題，與D項“Buttheprojecthasbeenfacingmanyproblems.(但該項目一直面臨許多問題。)”呼應。故選D項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空格位于段尾可知，此處應該是對該段的總結(jié)，上文“Just4millionhectaresoflandhavebeenturnedintoforestsincetheworkontheGreatGreenWallbegan15yearsago.(自15年前綠色長城工程開始以來，只有400萬公頃的土地變成了森林。)”講述的是自15年前綠色長城工程開始以來的取得的成績，B項“Thatisonly4percentoftheprogram’sgoal.(這只是該計劃目標的4%。)”中的that指代的內(nèi)容與上文內(nèi)容相符合。故選B項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Itcouldalsoreducelevelsofclimate-relatedmigrationintheareaandcapturehundredsofmillionsoftonsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.(它還可以降低該地區(qū)與氣候相關(guān)的遷移水平，并從空氣中捕獲數(shù)億噸二氧化碳。)”可知，該空所填內(nèi)容是對項目好處的表述，E項“TheprojectwouldcreatemillionsofgreenjobsinruralAfrica.”講述的該項目產(chǎn)生的影響，符合語境。故選E項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theysaysomeprogresshasbeenmadeinrecentyearsintheeastofthecontinent.(他們說，近年來非洲大陸東部取得了一些進展。)”可知，此空所填內(nèi)容中必須包含名詞復數(shù)與該句中的代詞they指代內(nèi)容一致，F(xiàn)項“Despitemanyproblems,thoseinvolvedintheprojectremainhopeful.(盡管存在許多問題，但參與該項目的人仍然充滿希望。)”中的those指代內(nèi)容與they一致，結(jié)合上下文語意理解，可以判斷F項符合語境。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。In2007,22-year-oldRamesh’speanutfarmlostmoney.AswasoftenthecaseinmostofIndia,Rameshwas___21___pesticides(殺蟲劑)andfertilizersacrosshis2.4hectaresintheAnantapurdistrictofsouthernIndia.Inthisdesert-likearea,whichgetslessthan600millimetersofrainfallmostyears,farmingisa(n)___22___.“Ilostalotofmoneygrowingpeanutsthroughchemicalfarming___23___,”saysRamesh,whoisinterestedinagriculture.Thechemicalsare___24___inmanypartsofsouthernIndia.Thefarmersdependtoomuchonpesticides.Thechemicalsare___25___buttheproductionislow.Thenin2017,he___26___thechemicals.“EversinceI___27___sustainableagriculturalpracticeslikenaturalfarming,theproductionhasbeen___28___andthecosthasgonedown,”hesays.Onenaturalfarmingmethodcallsfor___29___allchemicalfertilizersandpesticideswithorganicmattertoboostsoilnutrientlevels.Rameshalsoexpandedhiscrops,____30____peanutsandsometomatoes.Thenheaddedeggplantsandothercrops.Withthe____31____ofthenon-profitorganizationAccionFraternaEcologyCentre,whichworkswithfarmerswhowanttotry____32____farming,Rameshincreasedhis____33____enoughtobuymoreland,expandinghisfield.LikethousandsofotherfarmerspracticingnaturalfarmingacrossIndia,Rameshhas____34____toenrichhisdeadsoilwhilehisnewtreeshelpkeepcarbonoutoftheatmosphere,thusplayinganimportantroleinreducingIndia’scarbonfootprint.Recentstudyhasshownthatthecarbonabsorption____35____ofnaturalfarmingisasmuchas34percenthigherthanstandardformsofagriculture.21.A.collecting B.applying C.gaining D.robbing22.A.advantage B.principle C.challenge D.disaster23.A.phenomena B.conditions C.methods D.analyses24.A.accessible B.specific C.missing D.common25A.costly B.useful C.complicated D.harmless26.A.advocated B.abandoned C.adopted D.advanced27.A.brokeup B.leftout C.backedout D.tookup28.A.increased B.emphasized C.ruined D.suspended29.A.understanding B.replacing C.confusing D.rejecting30.A.anxiously B.eventually C.rarely D.originally31A.adjustment B.aid C.exception D.debt32.A.temporary B.overseas C.sustainable D.abnormal33.A.fitness B.limits C.profits D.respect34.A.managed B.hesitated C.failed D.agreed35.A.loss B.barrier C.credit D.potential【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.B30.D31.B32.C33.C34.A35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了以Ramesh為代表的印度南部的農(nóng)民，最初以化學耕作法種植農(nóng)作物，卻成本高，產(chǎn)量低，后來采用自然持續(xù)的耕作方法反而富饒了田地，產(chǎn)量也增加了。這種可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)既使農(nóng)民個人受益，也有效幫助減少碳足跡?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：與印度大多數(shù)地區(qū)一樣，Ramesh在他位于印度南部阿南塔普爾地區(qū)的2.4公頃土地上施用殺蟲劑和化肥。A.collecting收集，收藏；B.applying申請，應用；C.gaining獲得；D.robbing掠奪，盜取。根據(jù)后文賓語“pesticidesandfertilizers(殺蟲劑和肥料)”以及地點狀語“acrosshis2.4hectaresintheAnantapurdistrictofsouthernIndia(在他位于印度南部阿南塔普爾地區(qū)2.4公頃的土地上)”可知，Ramesh應是在自己的田地里使用了殺蟲劑和化肥。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這片沙漠般的地區(qū)，常年降雨量不足600毫米，務農(nóng)是一項挑戰(zhàn)。A.advantage優(yōu)點，優(yōu)勢；B.principle規(guī)范，原理；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.disaster災難。根據(jù)前文“Inthisdesert-likearea,whichgetslessthan600millimetersofrainfallmostyears(在這個沙漠般的地區(qū)，大多數(shù)年份的降雨量都不到600毫米)”可知，這里嚴重缺水，務農(nóng)是一項挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對農(nóng)業(yè)感興趣的Ramesh說：“通過化學耕作法種植花生，我損失了很多錢?！盇.phenomena現(xiàn)象；B.conditions條件；C.methods方法；D.analyses分析。分析語境可知，這里的“chemicalfarming”應是指前文“pesticidesandfertilizers”提及的使用殺蟲劑和化肥這種化學耕作方法。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些化學品在印度南部許多地區(qū)很常見。A.accessible可用的，易理解的；B.specific明確的，具體的；C.missing丟失的；D.common通常的，普遍的。根據(jù)后文“Thefarmersdependtoomuchonpesticides.(農(nóng)民們過度依賴殺蟲劑。)”可知，農(nóng)民過度依賴殺蟲劑，使得這種農(nóng)業(yè)化學用品很普及。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些化學品很昂貴，但產(chǎn)量很低。A.costly昂貴的，花錢多的；B.useful有用的；C.complicated復雜的；D.harmless無害的。分析可知，“but”表達轉(zhuǎn)折和反義關(guān)系，因此所選詞應與后文“l(fā)ow”表達含義相反，“花錢多，但產(chǎn)量低”。故選A項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后在2017年，他放棄了這些化學品。A.advocated提倡，宣揚；B.abandoned放棄，遺棄；C.adopted收養(yǎng)，采??；D.advanced發(fā)展，前進。根據(jù)前文Ramesh的話“Ilostalotofmoneygrowingpeanutsthroughchemicalfarming___3___(通過化學耕作法種植花生，我損失了很多錢)”以及“Thechemicalsare___5___buttheproductionislow.(這些化學品很昂貴，但產(chǎn)量很低。)”可推知，他應是放棄了這種方法。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他說：“自從我采用自然耕作等可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐以來，產(chǎn)量提高了，成本下降了?！盇.brokeup分裂，分手；B.leftout遺漏，不考慮；C.backedout退出，食言；D.tookup開始從事，采用。后文“sustainableagriculturalpracticeslikenaturalfarming(可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐，比如自然耕作)”是Ramesh放棄了之后，新采用的一種農(nóng)耕方式。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他說：“自從我采用自然耕作等可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐以來，產(chǎn)量提高了，成本下降了?！盇.increased增長，增加；B.emphasized強調(diào)；C.ruined破壞，毀壞；D.suspended暫停，中止。根據(jù)后文“Rameshalsoexpandedhiscrops,___10___peanutsandsometomatoes.Thenheaddedeggplantsandothercrops.(Ramesh還擴大了他的作物，原本是花生和一些西紅柿。然后他又種植了茄子和其他作物。)”可知，Ramesh增加了自己的作物種類，由此可推知，他實行的可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)方法有成效，成本降低，產(chǎn)量增加。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一種自然耕作方法要求用有機物質(zhì)取代所有化肥和農(nóng)藥，以提高土壤養(yǎng)分水平。A.understanding理解，明白；B.replacing取代，代替；C.confusing使困惑；D.rejecting拒絕，不同意。“replacesthwithsth”，固定短語，意為“用某物取代某物”。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Ramesh還擴大了他的作物，原本是花生和一些西紅柿。A.anxiously不安地，憂慮地；B.eventually最后，終于；C.rarely罕有，很少；D.originally原來，起初。根據(jù)前文“In2007,22-year-oldRamesh’speanutfarmlostmoney.(2007年，22歲的Ramesh的花生農(nóng)場虧損。)”可知，Ramesh最初是種植花生的。故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在非營利組織AccionFraterna生態(tài)中心的幫助下，Ramesh增加了利潤，足以購買更多土地，擴大他的田地，該生態(tài)中心與想要嘗試可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的農(nóng)民合作。A.adjustment調(diào)整，適應；B.aid援助，幫助；C.exception例外；D.debt借款，債務。根據(jù)后文“whichworkswithfarmers(與農(nóng)民合作)”可知，這個組織給與了幫助。故選B項。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在非營利組織AccionFraterna生態(tài)中心的幫助下，Ramesh增加了利潤，足以購買更多土地，擴大他的田地，該生態(tài)中心與想要嘗試可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的農(nóng)民合作。A.temporary短暫的，暫時的；B.overseas外國的，海外的；C.sustainable可持續(xù)的；D.abnormal不正常的，變態(tài)的。與前文“sustainableagriculturalpracticeslikenaturalfarming(可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐，如自然耕作)”中“sustainable”相呼應，這里應是原詞復現(xiàn)“sustainable”。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在非營利組織AccionFraterna生態(tài)中心的幫助下，Ramesh增加了利潤，足以購買更多土地，擴大他的田地，該生態(tài)中心與想要嘗試可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的農(nóng)民合作。A.fitness健康；B.limits限制；C.profits利潤，盈利；D.respect尊敬，尊重。根據(jù)后文“buymoreland(購買更多土地)”可知，Ramesh應是掙了錢，盈利增加了才會有錢買地。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：與印度其他數(shù)千名從事自然農(nóng)業(yè)的農(nóng)民一樣，Ramesh成功地豐富了他的死土壤，而他的新樹木有助于將碳排放到大氣中，從而在減少印度的碳足跡方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。A.managed管理，完成；B.hesitated猶豫，遲疑；C.failed失??；D.agreed同意。根據(jù)前文“EversinceI___7___sustainableagriculturalpracticeslikenaturalfarming,theproductionhasbeen___8___andthecosthasgonedown(自從我采用自然耕作等可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐以來，產(chǎn)量提高了，成本下降了)”可知，R