2025屆湖南省長郡中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期末適應(yīng)性考試(暨長沙市統(tǒng)考模擬)英語試題 含解析_第1頁
2025屆湖南省長郡中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期末適應(yīng)性考試(暨長沙市統(tǒng)考模擬)英語試題 含解析_第2頁
2025屆湖南省長郡中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期末適應(yīng)性考試(暨長沙市統(tǒng)考模擬)英語試題 含解析_第3頁
2025屆湖南省長郡中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期末適應(yīng)性考試(暨長沙市統(tǒng)考模擬)英語試題 含解析_第4頁
2025屆湖南省長郡中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期末適應(yīng)性考試(暨長沙市統(tǒng)考模擬)英語試題 含解析_第5頁
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長郡中學(xué)2025屆高三期末適應(yīng)性考試英語本試題卷共10頁。時量120分鐘,滿分150分。注意事項:1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?;卮鸱沁x擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】WhydoesJohncometoNancy?A.Toaskquestions. B.Toborrowreferencebooks. C.Tohandinhisessay【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoufinishedthehistoryessay,Nancy?Ihaveafewquestionsonit.Icanonlysolvethemwithreferencetoothers.W:I’vedoneitundertheguidanceofthelecturer.Feelfreetoask,John.I’lltellyoueverythingthatIknow.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】Whereistheman’senvelopenow?A.Inhisroom. B.Atthepostoffice. C.Atthefrontdesk【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hasanyoneleftapackageforme?W:Yes,thepostmansentalargeenvelopetoyou.Ileaveitatthefrontdesk.Doyouwantmetosendituptoyourroom?M:I’llcomedownforit,thanks.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】WhatwillRosiedonext?A.Readbooks. B.Enjoymusic C.Goshopping【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’vereturnedthebooksborrowedfromthelibraryanddonetheshopping.Isthereanythingspecialtodotoday?M:Howaboutgoingtotheconcertwithme,Rosie?I’vegottwotickets.W:That’swonderful!4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Co-workers. C.Driverandpassenger.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Doyouwanttoshareataxiintotown?W:Oh,sure.Bytheway,areyouhereonvacation?M:No,onbusiness.IworkinacomputerfirmW:Whatacoincidence!Iusedtoworkinacomputerfirmtoo.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aplan. B.AnEnglishcourse. C.Anapplication.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HaveyouusedHitalk?M:Yeah.Idownloadeditlastweek.It’sreallyeasytolearnEnglishwithit.W:Yes.Thisappbeginsbyusingtext,pictures,andvideosandhelpsusersmakeadetailedlearningplan.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘,聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】6.Whodoesthemanbuyagiftfor?A.Hissister. B.Hiscousin. C.Hismother7.Whatwillthemanbuy?A.Ahandbag. B.Ahandkerchief. C.Awatch.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:MayIhelpyou,sir?M:Yes,please.I’dliketopickapresentformyyoungersister.She’sgoingtoworkinChina.W:Byair?M:Yes.Somygiftshouldbequitelight.Whatdoyousuggest?W:Howaboutthishandbag?It’smadeoffineleather.M:Mycousinhasalreadygivenherone.Andshealsogotanewwatchfrommymother.I’dliketogivehersomethingunusual.W:Howaboutthisone?It’sprettyandpractical.M:Oh,asilkhandkerchief.That’sagreatidea.I’lltakeit.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題?!敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】8.WhatdoesAlicelikebestabouthernewschool?A.Theteachers. B.Theenvironment. C.Thefood.9.WhatdoesAlice’snewschoollooklike?A.Itisinmodernstyle. B.Itiswellequipped C.Itisnewlybuilt.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:SoAlice,areyouhappyatyournewschool?W:Yeahofcourse.Itsenvironmentisnice.PeopletherearefriendlyandI’vemadealotofnewfriends.Oh,thebestaspectisthefood,whichissodelicious.M:That’swonderful.Howaboutyourstudy?W:I’mlearningseveralnewsubjectsthisyear.They’retough,butluckily,we’vegotlovelyteachersandthey’reexpertattheirsubject.M:Soundsgood.Itseemsthatyoureallylovethenewschool.W:Yeah.Andit’slarge,withasportsfield,amodernlibraryandallkindsofnewequipment.Thereisnowherelikethatatmyoldschool.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】10.WhatencouragedMrRoberstontogototheAntarctic?A.Atrainingcourse. B.Aprogram. C.Areport.11.WhatwasthebiggestdangeraccordingtoMrRoberston?A.Fallingintoiceholes. B.Losingtouchwithothers. C.Livinginextremetemperatures.12.Whatcausedthefunnynoise?A.Thewind. B.Theplane. C.Thedevice.13.WhatwasasurpriseforMrRoberstonandhiswife?A.Theycouldleaveearlier. B.Theygotsomefreshfood. C.Someonelivednearthem.【答案】10.C11.A12.B13.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodevening,MrRoberston.Welcometoourprogram.YouandyourwifespentthewholeoflastyearintheAntarctic.Whatgaveyoutheideaofdoingsuchathing?M:Isawanarticleinanewspaperaboutsomeonewhohadbeenthere.Bothofusgotinterested.W:Didn’tyoufeelworriedandlonely?M:Alittle,butbeforewewenttherewehadattendedatrainingcourse.Itwastoughbuttaughtusaboutsurvivinginsub-zeroconditions.Thegreatestdangerwefacedwasaccidentallyfallingintoholesinice.W:Couldyougetintouchwiththeoutsideworldthere?M:Therewassatellitecommunicationdevice.W:So,didn’tyouseeanyoneelseforawholeyear?Werethereanyunusualexperiences,MrRoberston?M:Well,onedaywhenwewerehavingthecannedfood,therewasfunnynoise.Mywifethoughtitwasthewindbutitwasgettingcloser.Suddenlytheroomwasfloodedwithlightthroughthewindow.Iopenedthedoorandfoundaboxinthesnow.Ilookedupandsawaplaneflyingaway.Theywerepassingnearbyandsomeonetoldthemthatwewerethere.Theydroppedaboxwithsomefreshfruitandvegetables.W:Itwasalovelysurprise.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題?!敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】14.HowdoesEmilyfindherfirstsurfinglesson?A.Discouraging B.Unforgettable. C.Exciting.15.HowoldisEmily’sbrother?A.15. B.22 C.2516.WhatdoesMichealoffertodo?A.TeachEmilytosurf. B.GiveEmilyasurfboard. C.TalkwithEmily’sbrother.17.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnWednesday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSaturday.【答案】14.A15.C16.A17.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Emily!HowwasyourfirstsurfinglessononWednesday?W:Youshouldhavebeenthere,Micheal.Itwasunbelievable.Icouldn’tevenstanduponthesurfboard.M:Well,whotaughtyou?W:Mybrotherofferedtoteachme.M:That’sgood.Hemustbeagoodcoach.W:Notreally.Hestartedsurfingat15andgotaprofessionalcertificateat22.Nowhehasbeendoingthatfortenyears.I’dhavethoughthewouldbegoodatteachingotherstosurf,butIwastotallywrong!Mybrothermaybeanexcellentsurfer,butheisimpatientanddoesn’tmastersuitableteachingmethods.Soheisnotcutouttobeasurfinginstructor.M:Well,whydon’tyoucallmetogowithyounexttime?I’dbewillingtogiveitashot.Iknowathingortwoaboutsurfing.W:Thanks,butasfarasI’mconcerned,Idon’tthinkIwillpickupthesurfboardagain.Surfingisjusttoohardforme.M:Comeon,Emily.Tryagain.I’mfreethesetwodays.W:OK,butIjusthadaterribleexperiencethedaybeforeyesterday.Let’sdothattomorrow.聽下面一段獨白,回答以下小題?!敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】18.Whatmakesthespeakerafrequentvisitortoteahouses?A.Theirtea. B.Theiratmosphere. C.Theirservice.19.Whathasthespeakerdoneintheteahouse?A.Settleanargument. B.LearnSichuanOpera. C.Talkaboutbusiness.20.Whydoesthespeakerthinkteahouseshavepowerfulsocialfunction?A.Peoplecanchatforadaythere.B.Theyhelppeoplemakeupfaster.C.Theyattractlike-mindedpeople.【答案】18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Thereisasaying,“ChinahasthebestteahousesintheworldandChengduhasthebestteahousesinChina.”AfterIcametoChengdu,Ioftengototheteahouse,becausetheatmosphereiscompletelydifferentfromthatinthecoffeeshopsinmycountry.EverytimeIentertheteahouse.thewaitersorwaitresseswillgreetmewithasmileontheirfacesandwithteapotsandcupsintheirhands.Peoplewhogotherearenotallthirsty,becauseteahousesarealsogoodplacesforbusinesstalk.I’veinvitedmybusinesspartnertomeetthere.Peoplehavepartiesthereattimes.Theyeatfruitandsunflowerseedswhilechatting.Someteahousesevenhavestagesforperformances,suchasstorytelling,crosstalkandSichuanOpera,whichholdpeople’sattention.Besides,like-mindedpeoplepayalittlemoneyandthencansittherealldaylongtochatwitheachother.Sometimeswhenagroupofpeoplehaveanargument,apeacekeeperwillbringthemtotheteahouse.It’sinterestingthatassoonastheangrypeoplesitdowntodrinktea,theyalmostcalmdown.Withthehelpofthepeacekeeper,theirproblemscanbeeasilysettled.Thepersonwhoiswrongwillpayfortheteaandthentheymakeitup.Thisconvincesmethatteahouseshavesomepowerfulsocialfunction.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFosterCityVillageisamembership-basednon-profitorganizationofneighborshelpingneighborsforanimprovedqualityoflife.Wearefueledbyvolunteerswhoenablehealthieragingforourmembersandpeaceofmindfortheirfamilies.Weworktowardshelpingolderadultstocontinuelivingjoyfullyintheirhomesandcommunitiesastheyage,byprovidingmobility,practicalassistance,easyaccesstoservices,socialconnectionsandeducationalopportunities.JoinUsforVolunteering!VolunteeringprovidesawonderfulwaytomeetnewpeopleandgainvaluableexperienceFosterCityVillagevolunteersincludemembers,theiradultchildren,collegestudentsandmanyothersfromourimmediatecommunities.Wedoeverythingwecantomakeyourvolunteertimemeaningful.Pleasenotethatallvolunteersmustbe18yearsofageorolder.Aspartofthereviewprocess,volunteerswillhavetheirbackgroundinvestigated,andforthosedriving,theyneedtohavetheirDMVdrivingrecordexaminedalongwithprovidingproofofautoinsurance.Pleaseindicateyourinterestinthevariousvolunteeropportunities.Oncewereceiveyourapplicationwewillcontactyoutodoabriefinterview,duringwhichwewillansweranyquestionsyoumighthaveandexplainnextarrangements.ChooseYourVolunteerOpportunities?TransportationServices·Medical/hairappointments·Socialevents·Others(bankdrugstore,etc.)?HandypersonServices·Replacelightbulbs,smoke·alarmbatteries,etc·Hangpictures?HealthWellnessSupport·Phone“check-in”·Inpersonvisit“cheekin”?In-HomeAssistance·Housecleaning·Appointmentscheduling·Gardening/indoorwatering?SocialProgramsAssistance·Hostmonthlyevents,holidayparties,etc.?VillageOperations·Raisefunds·SpreadthewordabouttheVillage·Designandmaintainthewebsite,socialmedia,etc.21.WhatisthemissionofFosterCityVillage?A.Trainingcommunityvolunteers. B.Offeringtheelderlycareservices.C.Improvingpeople’squalityoflife D.Buildingharmoniouscommunities22.Whatisnecessaryforbecomingavolunteer?A.Explainingvolunteeringplans. B.Gettingadriver’slicense.C.Acceptingabackgroundcheck. D.Havingrelevantexperience.23.Whichvolunteeropportunitymayattractthoseinterestedinpublicity?A.TransportationServices. B.HandypersonServices.C.SocialProgramsAssistance. D.VillageOperations.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文,文章介紹了老人服務(wù)中心FosterCityVillage招募志愿者的相關(guān)事宜?!?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Weworktowardshelpingolderadultstocontinuelivingjoyfullyintheirhomesandcommunitiesastheyage,byprovidingmobility,practicalassistance,easyaccesstoservices,socialconnectionsandeducationalopportunities.(我們致力于通過提供流動性、實際援助、便捷的服務(wù)、社交聯(lián)系和教育機(jī)會,幫助老年人在年老時繼續(xù)在家里和社區(qū)快樂地生活。)”可知,F(xiàn)osterCityVillage致力于通過提供流動性,實際援助,輕松獲得服務(wù)、社會聯(lián)系和教育機(jī)會幫助老年人在年齡增長的同時繼續(xù)在家中和社區(qū)中快樂地生活,即為老人提供養(yǎng)老服務(wù)。故選B?!?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JoinUsforVolunteering!部分中的“Aspartofthereviewprocess,volunteerswillhavetheirbackgroundinvestigated(作為審查過程的一部分,志愿者的背景將受到調(diào)查)”可知,要成為志愿者,需要接受背景調(diào)查。故選C?!?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChooseYourVolunteerOpportunities部分的VillageOperations選項下有“SpreadthewordabouttheVillage(傳播有關(guān)Village的信息)”這一工作,即宣傳FosterCityVillage,因此對宣傳推廣感興趣的人可能會被VillageOperations吸引。故選D。BManykidswhogrowupinbigcitieshavelotsofopportunitiestoexperiencesciencehands-on.Therearezoos,museumsandschoolfieldtrips.Butthoseconditionsaresometimesoutofreachforlower-incomechildren.Andinsomeruralareas,thoseopportunitiessimplydon’texistatall.DanSudranhastakenituponhimselftohelpclosethegap.Growingupagood,studiouskidinKansas,hefollowedtherulesandwenttocollege,thenlawschool.Buthewasconfused.“Icouldn’treallyfigureoutwhatIwasorwhatIwassupposedtobe,”Sudransays.Sudranfinallyhadhisanswerinhislate30s.Hestartedtakingapartelectronicsandcollectingmaterialsfromthebeach.Inschool,sciencehadheldnointerestforhimatall.Butoutintherealworld,itturnedouttobethethinghe’dbeenmissingallalong.“MylifebecomesbettersinceIgotintoscience,”Sudransays.Andthatinspiredhim.Whatifhecouldgivechildrenthesameexperiencehe’dwaited30yearstodiscover?SoSudrangotacollegetodonatesomespaceandequipment.Prettysoon,asmallnonprofitprojectcalledtheCommunityScienceWorkshopNetworkwasborn.Todaytherearesixworkshops,almostallinlow-incomeneighborhoodsaroundCalifornia.Oneoftheworkshopsisfilledwithstuff:microscopes,powertools,evenaturtleandasnake.There’snocurriculum,nothingtomemorizebuttoolstoplayandexperimentwith.Eighth-graderJoseVegaisworkinghardatbuildingarobotwhileEstebanEspinoza,6,isgettingtadpoles(蝌蚪)outofatanktoexaminethemunderamicroscope.Onegroupofkidsarespreadingoutonthefloor,tryingtofigureouthowtobuildahotairballoon.Sudran’sdream,hesays,istotakethismodelofquickhands-onscienceallovertheworld.Nextup,Sudranhopes,willbethesmallSouthernCaliforniadeserttownofCoachella.24.WhatcanweknowaboutDanSudranfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hemakesaclearplanforhislife. B.Hehadvastexperienceinfieldtrips.C.Hehasastrongsenseofresponsibility. D.Heshowedaninterestinscienceatschool.25.WhatgaveSudrantheideafortheCommunityScienceWorkshopNetwork?A.Hispursuitofbetterlife. B.Hispracticeofscience.C.Hisdreaminchildhood. D.Hisdevotiontoeducation.26.Whydoestheauthorlistexamplesinparagraph4?A.Toshowthefunctionoftheproject. B.Torevealthehistoryoftheproject.C.Tostresstheimportanceofscience. D.Torecordthegrowthofthestudents.27.WhatdoesSudrandecidetodonext?A.Becomeascienceteacher. B.Buildmorescienceworkshops.C.MovetodeserttownofCoachella. D.Findnewmodelsoflearningscience.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了DanSudran創(chuàng)建社區(qū)科學(xué)工作坊網(wǎng)絡(luò),為低收入社區(qū)和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的孩子們提供親手實踐科學(xué)的機(jī)會。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butthoseconditionsaresometimesoutofreachforlower-incomechildren.Andinsomeruralareas,thoseopportunitiessimplydon’texistatall.(但這些條件有時對低收入家庭的兒童來說是遙不可及的。在一些農(nóng)村地區(qū),這樣的機(jī)會根本就不存在。)”和第二段“DanSudranhastakenituponhimselftohelpclosethegap.(DanSudran已經(jīng)承擔(dān)起幫助縮小這一差距的責(zé)任。)”可知,DanSudran很有責(zé)任心,想要幫助縮小城鄉(xiāng)兒童在科學(xué)實踐機(jī)會上的差距。故選C?!?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段下半部分“Hestartedtakingapartelectronicsandcollectingmaterialsfromthebeach.Inschool,sciencehadheldnointerestforhimatall.Butoutintherealworld,itturnedouttobethethinghe’dbeenmissingallalong.‘MylifebecomesbettersinceIgotintoscience,’Sudransays.(他開始拆解電子產(chǎn)品,并從海灘上收集材料。在學(xué)校里,他對科學(xué)根本不感興趣。但在現(xiàn)實世界中,這正是他一直想念的東西。Sudran說:‘自從我進(jìn)入科學(xué)領(lǐng)域,我的生活變得更好了’。)”和第三段中“Andthatinspiredhim.Whatifhecouldgivechildrenthesameexperiencehe’dwaited30yearstodiscover?SoSudrangotacollegetodonatesomespaceandequipment.Prettysoon,asmallnonprofitprojectcalledtheCommunityScienceWorkshopNetworkwasborn.(這激發(fā)了他的靈感。如果他能給孩子們帶來他等待30年才發(fā)現(xiàn)的相同體驗,那會怎樣?因此,Sudran找了一所大學(xué)捐贈了一些空間和設(shè)備。很快,一個名為CommunityScienceWorkshopNetwork的小型非營利項目誕生了。)”可知,是Sudran的科學(xué)實踐讓他有了創(chuàng)建社區(qū)科學(xué)工作坊網(wǎng)絡(luò)的想法,他想讓孩子們也能體驗到科學(xué)的樂趣。故選B。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Todaytherearesixworkshops,almostallinlow-incomeneighborhoodsaroundCalifornia.Oneoftheworkshopsisfilledwithstuff:microscopes,powertools,evenaturtleandasnake.There’snocurriculum,nothingtomemorizebuttoolstoplayandexperimentwith.Eighth-graderJoseVegaisworkinghardatbuildingarobotwhileEstebanEspinoza,6,isgettingtadpoles(蝌蚪)outofatanktoexaminethemunderamicroscope.Onegroupofkidsarespreadingoutonthefloor,tryingtofigureouthowtobuildahotairballoon.(如今,加州有六個工作坊,幾乎都在低收入的社區(qū)。其中一個工作坊里擺滿了東西:顯微鏡、電動工具,甚至還有一只烏龜和一條蛇。這里沒有課程,沒有要背誦的東西,只有可以用來玩耍和實驗的工具。八年級學(xué)生JoseVega正在努力制造一個機(jī)器人,而6歲的EstebanEspinoza正從水箱里撈出蝌蚪,在顯微鏡下觀察它們。一群孩子在地上攤開,試圖弄清楚如何制造一個熱氣球。)”可知,作者通過舉例說明了社區(qū)科學(xué)工作坊網(wǎng)絡(luò)的項目是如何運作的,以及孩子們在這個項目中可以做什么,即展示了這個項目的作用。故選A?!?7題詳解】推理判斷題。最后一段提到“Sudran’sdream,hesays,istotakethismodelofquickhands-onscienceallovertheworld.Nextup,Sudranhopes,willbethesmallSouthernCaliforniadeserttownofCoachella.(Sudran說,他的夢想是將這種快速動手科學(xué)的模式帶到世界各地。Sudran希望,接下來將是南加州沙漠小鎮(zhèn)科切拉。)”可知,Sudran接下來決定建立更多的科學(xué)工作坊,將他的項目推廣到世界各地,科切拉只是他接下來計劃中的一個地方。故選B。CThoughbrownpelicans(鵜鶘)havebouncedbackfromtheendangeredspecieslist,theyhavebeensufferingfromthesecondlife-threateningeventinrecentyears.LargenumbersofthespeciesareshowingupsickandinjuredalongCalifornia’scoastline,andexpertsareracingtofindoutwhy.AvolunteerfeedssickbrownpelicansrecoveringattheWetlandsandWildlifeCareCenterofOrangeCounty.Thecenteriscurrentlycaringforover100brownpelicanswhichhavebeendiscoveredstarvingorbeingsickinrecentweeks.Duringthestarvationeventin2022,nearly800brownpelicanswereadmittedtowildlifenursingcentersandreceivedconsideratecare,withonly394eventuallyreturnedtothewild,accordingtotheU.S.FishandWildlifeService.Thecauseofthecurrentcrisisremainslargelyunknown,butsomeinterestingguessesareflyingabout.Atonepoint,thebirdswerecheckedforthefluthathasnewlyinfectedsomanyanimalsthisyear.Luckily,noneofthesickpelicanstestedpositiveforit.“Wedon’thaveanyindicationthatit’sdirectlyhuman-caused,either,”saysHenkel,aseniorenvironmentalscientist.“It’snotahumanactionofanykindthatwe’reawareof.”O(jiān)netheoryisthatpowerfulwindsmaybetoblame,aslowvisibilitycouldbepreventingthepelicansfromdivingwellenoughtocatchtheirmeals,andhungrybirdsoftengettrappedinfishinglines.Theevidencepointingtostarvationasthecausemayalsobetterexplainwhythepelicanscomeinwithinjuries.Thoseinvolvedinbrownpelicanrecoveryeffortsnotethatwhileyoushouldkeepyourdistancefromthem,humanscanbeofassistancebyimmediatelyreportingananimalsightingtoalocalrescuecenterandkeepinganeyeonituntilhelparrives.Suchanurgentresponsecanoftenmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathforapelicanthatneedslife-savingcare.Ifyouareanexpert,propertreatmentfortheaffectedpelicansmayinvolveofferingthemlotsofnutritionandwater,orcaringforwoundsandgivingthemrelevantmedicationinthecenter.28.Whatcanwelearnaboutbrownpelicans?A.Theyarenewlylistedasendangered. B.Theirpopulationhasrecoveredalittle.C.Theyhavebeenstarvedformanyyears. D.Theirnumbersdeclinesharplyduetoinjury.29.Whydoestheauthorlistdatainparagraph2?A.Toprovethepelicansfacesevereproblems. B.Tohighlightthemindfulcareforthepelicans.C.Torevealthepelicansmainlydieofhunger. D.Tostressvolunteers’roleinsavingthepelicans.30.Whatmaycontributetothecurrentcrisisforbrownpelicans?A.Fishinglines. B.Theflu. C.Humanaction. D.Theweather.31.Howshouldanordinarypersondealwithasickbrownpelican?A.Feedfoodandwatertoit. B.Rushittoarescuecenter.C.Seektimelyprofessionalhelp. D.Giveitanimmediateexam.【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章討論了褐鵜鶘從瀕危問題中恢復(fù)過來后,仍面臨生存挑戰(zhàn),并介紹了威脅褐鵜鶘生存的可能原因,以及公眾如何幫助褐鵜鶘?!?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thoughbrownpelicans(鵜鶘)havebouncedbackfromtheendangeredspecieslist,theyhavebeensufferingfromthesecondlife-threateningeventinrecentyears.(雖然褐鵜鶘已經(jīng)從瀕危物種名單中恢復(fù)過來,但近年來它們一直遭受著第二次威脅生命的事件)”可知,褐鵜鶘的數(shù)量有所恢復(fù)。故選B?!?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thecenteriscurrentlycaringforover100brownpelicanswhichhavebeendiscoveredstarvingorbeingsickinrecentweeks.Duringthestarvationeventin2022,nearly800brownpelicanswereadmittedtowildlifenursingcentersandreceivedconsideratecare,withonly394eventuallyreturnedtothewild,accordingtotheU.S.FishandWildlifeService.(該中心目前正在照顧100多只褐鵜鶘,這些褐鵜鶘最近幾周被發(fā)現(xiàn)饑餓或生病。根據(jù)美國魚類和野生動物管理局的數(shù)據(jù),在2022年的饑餓事件中,近800只褐鵜鶘被送入野生動物護(hù)理中心,得到了周到的照顧,只有394只最終回到了野外)”可知,這些數(shù)據(jù)用來證明褐鵜鶘面臨的問題很嚴(yán)重。故選A。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Onetheoryisthatpowerfulwindsmaybetoblame,aslowvisibilitycouldbepreventingthepelicansfromdivingwellenoughtocatchtheirmeals,andhungrybirdsoftengettrappedinfishinglines.(一種理論認(rèn)為,強(qiáng)風(fēng)可能是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?,因為低能見度可能會阻止鵜鶘潛入足夠深的地方捕捉食物,饑餓的鳥兒經(jīng)常被魚線困住)”可知,天氣導(dǎo)致了褐鵜鶘的饑餓危機(jī)。故選D?!?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thoseinvolvedinbrownpelicanrecoveryeffortsnotethatwhileyoushouldkeepyourdistancefromthem,humanscanbeofassistancebyimmediatelyreportingananimalsightingtoalocalrescuecenterandkeepinganeyeonituntilhelparrives.(那些參與褐鵜鶘恢復(fù)工作的人指出,雖然你應(yīng)該與它們保持距離,但人類可以通過立即向當(dāng)?shù)鼐仍行膱蟾婵吹絼游锊⒚芮嘘P(guān)注它直到救援到來來提供幫助)”可知,普通人遇到生病的褐鵜鶘應(yīng)該尋求及時的專業(yè)幫助。故選C。DYouaremorelikelytothinkoftheinformationthatisrepeatedtobetruethantheinformationyouhearonlyonce.Youassumethatifpeoplearegoingtoputinefforttorepeatastatement,thisreflectsthetruthofthestatement.Simplyrepeatingsomepiecesofinformationdoesnotactuallymakeittrue,butthistendency—alsocalledtheillusory(錯覺的)trutheffect—isaprejudicethatcanleadyoutodrawthewrongconclusions.Animportantstepindecreasingthenegativeinfluenceofprejudicesinthinkingistobeawareofthem.Towhatdegreearepeopleawareoftheillusorytrutheffect?ThisquestionwasaddressedinthejournalCognitionbySimoneMattavelli.Inthecriticalstudy,participantsdidtwosessions.Inonesession,theyreadaboutastudyinwhichpeoplewereexposedtotrivia(瑣事)statementsandthenwereaskedwhetherbothstatementstheyhadheardbeforeaswellasnewstatementsweretrue.Theywereaskedtopredictthepercentageofeachstatementthatwouldbejudgedastrue.Atanothersessionafewdayslater,participantsactuallyperformedthisstudy,readingasetof20triviastatementsandthenjudgingthetruthof40statements,halfofwhichweretheonestheysawearlierandtheotherhalfofwhichwerenew.Thisstudyreplicatedtheillusorytrutheffect.Peopleweremorelikelytojudgestatementstheyhadseenbeforeastruethanstatementsthatwerenew.Twointerestingfindingsemergedfromthepredictions.First,participantstendedtounderestimatethesizeoftheillusorytrutheffectforeveryone.Second,participantsweremorewrongwhenpredictingtheirownperformancecomparedtopredictingtheperformanceofanotherperson.Thisworkisparticularlyimportantinlightoftheamountofmisinformationpresentedinsocialmedia.Manypeopleareinfluencingpublicopinionsaboutpoliticalandeconomicmatters.Socialmediawebsiteswithmisinformationwillleadpeopletobelievethisinformationistruejustbecauseitisstated.32.WhatisSimone’sstudymainlyaboutconcerningtheillusorytrutheffect?A.People’sawarenessofit. B.People’sreactiontoit.C.Itscauses. D.Itsprocess.33.Howdidtheparticipantsengageinthefirstsessionofthestudy?A.Reading,repeatingandjudging. B.Reading,assessingandforecasting.C.Recording,judgingandpredicting. D.Predicting,observingandreflecting.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“replicate”inparagraph4mean?A.Correspondwith. B.Becontraryto. C.Putforward. D.Accountfor.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardSimone’sstudy?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Approving.【答案】32.A33.B34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了一種被稱為“真相錯覺效應(yīng)”的心理偏見以及SimoneMattavelli關(guān)于人們對真相錯覺效應(yīng)意識程度的研究,并指出在社交媒體中存在大量錯信息情況的下,這種研究的重要性?!?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Towhatdegreearepeopleawareoftheillusorytrutheffect?ThisquestionwasaddressedinthejournalCognitionbySimoneMattavelli.(人們對真相錯覺效應(yīng)的意識程度如何?SimoneMattavelli在《認(rèn)知》雜志上發(fā)表了關(guān)于這個問題的文章。)”可知,Simone的研究主要是關(guān)于人們對真相錯覺效應(yīng)的意識。故選A?!?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inonesession,theyreadaboutastudyinwhichpeoplewereexposedtotriviastatementsandthenwereaskedwhetherbothstatementstheyhadheardbeforeaswellasnewstatementsweretrue,Theywereaskedtopredictthepercentageofeachstatementthatwouldbejudgedastrue.(在一個環(huán)節(jié)中,他們閱讀了一項研究,在這項研究中,人們接觸到一些瑣事陳述,然后被問及他們之前聽到過的陳述和新陳述是否都是真實的。他們被要求預(yù)測每個陳述被判斷為真實的百分比。)”可知,在第一環(huán)節(jié)中,參與者通過閱讀瑣事陳述,評估這些陳述的真實性,并預(yù)測這些陳述被判斷為真實的百分比,即參與者是通過“閱讀、評估和預(yù)測”參與研究的第一部分的。故選B?!?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句下文“Peopleweremorelikelytojudgestatementstheyhadseenbeforeastruethanstatementsthatwerenew.(人們更傾向于認(rèn)為他們之前看到過的陳述是真實的,而不是那些新的陳述。)”可知,實驗結(jié)果與“真相錯覺效應(yīng)”現(xiàn)象互相印證,即這項研究與真相錯覺效應(yīng)一致。由此可知“replicate”在此處的意思是“與……一致”。故選A?!?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisworkisparticularlyimportantinlightoftheamountofmisinformationpresentedinsocialmedia.(考慮到社交媒體上存在的大量錯誤信息,這項工作尤為重要。)”可推知,作者對Simone的研究持贊成態(tài)度。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Knowinganotherlanguageopensdoorsforkidsandadultsalike.Butmosteducatorsagreethatchildhoodistheidealtimeforlanguagelearning.Ifyouwantyourchildrentobebilingual(雙語),hereiswheretostart.Youshouldbeflexibleandusethemethodworkingbestforyourfamily.Somefamiliesfavor“oneparent,onelanguage”.Sometakeonthetaskoflearningasecondlanguagealongsidetheirchildren.____36____Dependingonyourhomesituation,thiscanrequirealotofplanning,effortandpersistence(堅持)onyourpart.You’dbetterusealloftheresourcesathand.Whilehavingback-and-forthconversationswithnativespeakersisthemosteffective,therearelotsofotherways.____37____Watchingafavoriteshoworreadinganinterestingbookinthenon-dominant(非主導(dǎo)的)languagecanmakelearningenjoyable.Youmayalsofindclassesandschoolsthatteachinthelanguageyouwantyourchildrentolearn.____38____Travelisonewaytoengageyourkidineverydaysituationsthataremeaningfulandreal.Exposuretothelanguageinitsrealcontextcansignificantlyboostachild’sinterestinandunderstandingofthelanguage.Buttimeabroadisnotarequirementforrealinteractions.____39____Forexample,yoursoncanuseSpanishwhenplayingwithhisSpanish-speakingcousins.Whileyoucanalwayschangethelanguagelearningplanifthepathyou’reonisn’tworking,youshouldn’tgettoodiscouragedwhenthingsaren’thappeningasquicklyasyoumightexpect.____40____Languagelearningisaprogressiveandlong-lastingprocess,andbreakthroughsmaycomeinunexpectedwaysandatdifferenttimesforeachind

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