2025屆高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit15Learning課時(shí)作業(yè)15b北師大版必修5

PAGEPAGE1課時(shí)作業(yè)15LearningⅠ.閱讀理解A(2024·衡水模擬)“HeaveniswherethepoliceareEnglish,thecooksareFrench,themechanicsareGerman,theloversareItalianandeverythingisorganizedbytheSwiss.HelliswherethepoliceareGerman,thecooksareEnglish,themechanicsareFrench,theloversareSwiss,andeverythingisorganizedbytheItalian.”O(jiān)bviouslythenationalstereotypes(模式化的思想)inthisoldjokearegeneralizations,butsuchstereotypesareoftensaidto“existforareason”.Isthereactuallyasliveroftruthinthem?Notlikely,aninternationalresearchteamnowsays.“Nationalandculturalstereotypesdoplayanimportantroleinhowpeopleseethemselvesandothers,andbeingawarethatthesearenotdependableisausefulthing，”saidstudyauthorRobertMcCraeoftheNationalInstituteonAging.“Theseareinfactunfoundedstereotypes.Theydon'tcomefromlookingaroundyou，”McCraesaid.Ifnationalstereotypesaren'trootedinrealexperiences,thenwheredotheycomefrom?Onepossibilityisthattheyreflectnationalvalues,whichmaybecomeknownfromhistoricalevents.Forexample,manyhistorianshavearguedthatthespiritofAmericanindividualismhasitsoriginsintheexperiencesofthepioneersontheOldWest.SocialscientistssuchaspsychologistRichardRobinshavegivenseveralotherpossibleexplanationsforstereotypesandwhytheymaybeincorrect.Robinsnotesthatsomestereotypesmayhavebeencorrectatonepointinhistoryandthenremainedunchangedwhiletheculturechanged.Wemaybe“hard-wired”，tosomedegree,tokeepincorrectstereotypes,sincewearelesslikelytonoticeandrememberinformationthatisdifferentfromourstereotypes.Generally,accordingtoRobins,whenwemeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromourstereotypes,weseethemasuniqueindividualsratherthantypicalnationalorculturalgroups.本文主要談?wù)摰氖菍Σ煌瑖业某梢娀蛎褡宥ㄊ竭@一現(xiàn)象。1．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopicofnationalstereotypes.B．Tomakeacomparisonbetweenthecharactersofdifferentcountries.C．Toexemplifytheargumentagainststereotyping.D．Toanalyzethestrengthsandweaknessesofpeopleindifferentcountries.答案：A解析：推理推斷題。第一段用笑話的方式引出本文的話題：國家模式化的思想，故選A。2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMcCrae'sattitudetowardsnationalstereotypes?A．Supportive. B．Indifferent.C．Critical. D．Uncertain.答案：C解析：觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)第三段McCrae所說的話可知，他既認(rèn)為模式化的思想是重要的，又覺得不能完全依靠，所以他的看法是批判性的，故選C。3．Accordingtosocialscientists,whyaren'tnationalstereotypesalwayscorrect?A．Becausetheyareformedbyindividualhistorians.B．Becausepeopletendtohavefalseideaaboutothercultures.C．Becausegeneralizationsaremadethroughpersonalexperience.D．Becausewhatwastrueinthepastmaynotbetrueatpresent.答案：D解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段．..somestereotypesmayhavebeencorrectatonepointinhistoryandthenremainedunchangedwhiletheculturechanged.可知，在歷史上模式化思想在某種程度上是對的，但是當(dāng)文化發(fā)生變更了，模式化思想?yún)s沒有發(fā)生變更，因此就會(huì)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，故選D。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hard-wired”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Forgetful. B．Fixed.C．Anxious. D．Helpless.答案：B解析：詞義揣測題。依據(jù)后面的sincewearelesslikelytonoticeandrememberinformationthatisdifferentfromourstereotypes可知，既然是我們不情愿做出變更，那就是比較固定不變的，故答案為B。B(2024·陜西西安中學(xué)檢測)TheInternetplaysabigpartinhumanlife.Weuseitforworkandentertainment.WecanfindnewrecipesontheInternetoradviceonstayinghealthy.Wecanevenuseittolearnanewlanguage.WeusetheInternettokeepincontactwithfamilyandfriendsandstayintouchwithissueswecareabout.Thelistgoesonandon.So,theremaybenogoingbacktoanInternet-freelife.ButcanusingtheInternettoomuchbebadforourhealth?Itmightbe,sayresearchers.AnewstudyfindsthatheavyInternetusemaybeconnectedtohighbloodpressureinanunlikelygroup—teenagers.So,trytobearesponsibleguardian(監(jiān)護(hù)人)．Thestudyresultsshowthatteenswhospendatleast14hoursaweekonlineweremorelikelytohavehighbloodpressure.Highbloodpressuremakesyourheartandbloodvesselsworktoohard.Overtime,thisextrastrainincreasesyourriskofaheartattackorstroke.Highbloodpressurecanalsocauseheartandkidneydisease.Itisalsocloselylinkedtosomeformofdementia(癡呆),orabraindisease.TheHenryFordHospitalinDetroit,TheleadresearcherofthestudyisAndreaCassidy-Bushrow.Forthepurposeofthestudy,sheexplains,teensconsideredheavyInternetuserswereonlineonaverage25hoursaweek.Itisimportantforteenstotakeregularbreaksfromtheircomputersorsmartphonesandtodosomekindofphysicalactivity.Shealsosuggeststhatparentslimittheirchildren'suseoftheInternettotwohoursaday,fivedaysaweek.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)says,70million，or29%,ofAmericanadultshavehighbloodpressure.TheCDCestimatesthathighbloodpressurecoststheUnitedStates$46billioneachyear.本文是一篇爭論文。文章運(yùn)用大量事實(shí)論述了過度上網(wǎng)對青少年的影響以及危害。5．Theauthormainlywantstotellus________.A．howtopreventhighbloodpressureB．toomuchInternetusemaybebadforteenagersC．it'snecessaryforteenagerstoavoidtheInternetD．heavyInternetusewillworsenteenagers'memory答案：B解析：主旨大意題。第一段告知我們本文主要向我們介紹青少年過度上網(wǎng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致高血壓。接下來文章主要論述了這一觀點(diǎn)。故答案為B項(xiàng)。6．Thefirstparagraphofthetextisusedto________.A．introducethetopic B．a(chǎn)nalyzethecausesC．offersomeopinions D．makesomesuggestions答案：A解析：推理推斷題。第一段主要告知我們網(wǎng)絡(luò)有許多好處，段尾部分指出過度上網(wǎng)有害，告誡(家長)做一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的監(jiān)護(hù)人，從而引出主題。故答案為A項(xiàng)。7．AccordingtoCassidy-Bushrow,teenagers'useoftheInternetshouldbelimitedto________.A．25hoursaweek B．2hoursaweekC．10hoursaweek D．5hoursaweek答案：C解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章第四段中的“Shealsosuggeststhatparentslimittheirchildren'suseoftheInternettotwohoursaday,fivedaysaweek.”告知我們青少年上網(wǎng)時(shí)間一周不要超過10小時(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。8．Thetextismainlyintendedfor________.A．parents B．teachersC．web-designers D．students答案：A解析：推理推斷題。文章第一段段尾及第四段中的“parentslimittheirchildren'suseoftheInternet”告知我們文章主要寫給廣闊家長。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·山東濱州模擬考試)Ilovehikingandbeingoutdoors.IloveditevenmorewhenIfoundIcouldusemypassionto__1__others.SomeoftheothermomsI__2__ontheschoolrunareeithersingleparentorhaveachildwithspecialneeds.So,I__3__totaketheirchildorchildren(usuallyboysaroundmyson'sage)onhikeswithmysonandme.Thiswill__4__themotherashortrespite(短暫的休息)andhelpher__5__moneyforshedoesn'thavetohireababysitter.TodayIofferedmyfriendthat__6__andtookhersonwithusonahiketoParadiseFalls.Theweatherwas__7__，justenoughsunbutstillcoolandbreezy.Duringpartofourtrekweweregentlymistedwithsprinklingsofrainthatrefreshedusandkeptus__8__aswemadeittoourfinaldestination—astunningforty-foot__Everyoneenjoyeditandmyfriendwas__10__whenIsentsomepicturesofhersonclimbingandsplashingintheshallowpoolsof__11__.Shethankedmefor__12__himandforthetimeitgavehertoattendtootherthings.Ifigurethateveryone__13__thisway.Ashikerswecommunedwithnatureandmyfriendgotthe__14__sheneeded.Iamveryblessedtobeableto__15__mypassionfornaturewhile__16__helpingothermothers.It'sso__17__foreveryone'ssoul.It'smynaturechurch,sotospeak.My__18__istogetoutside!Gofora__19__andhelpsomeoneoutbyprovidingchildcareforanyonewhoneedssomepersonaltimeforthemselves.It'sa__20__thatistrulypricelessandsoeasytogive.在享受大自然的同時(shí)，賜予他人幫助。讓我們將歡樂傳給更多的人吧！1．A.help B．teachC．thank D．a(chǎn)ttract答案：A解析：依據(jù)“IloveditevenmorewhenIfoundIcouldusemypassion...”可知，“我”更喜愛在戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)，同時(shí)，用“我”的熱忱去幫助他人。2．A.recognize B．meetC．introduce D．knock答案：B解析：在接送孩子上學(xué)和放學(xué)的路上，“我”遇到的一些媽媽們要么是獨(dú)自一人照看孩子，要么有一個(gè)須要特別照看的孩子。3．A.phoned B．a(chǎn)ffordedC．offered D．remembered答案：C解析：所以，“我”主動(dòng)提出讓他們的孩子和“我”與兒子一起徒步旅行。4．A.ask B．occupyC．take D．give答案：D解析：這樣，就可以讓孩子的媽媽略微休息一下。givesb.ashortrespite“讓某人得到短暫的休息”。5．A.save B．spendC．earn D．a(chǎn)dd答案：A解析：句意：……還可以幫她省點(diǎn)錢，因?yàn)樗筒豁氁捅Ｄ穪碚湛春⒆恿恕?．A.news B．changeC．mind D．opportunity答案：D解析：今日，“我”主動(dòng)給“我”的摯友供應(yīng)了這樣一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。7．A.cold B．perfectC．wind D．hot答案：B解析：依據(jù)空后“justenoughsunbutstillcoolandbreezy”可知，今日陽光明媚，微風(fēng)習(xí)習(xí)，涼快宜人，所以天氣特別好。8．A.freezing B．dryC．cool D．warm答案：C解析：中途下起了蒙蒙細(xì)雨，讓“我們”在去往目的地的路途中感到很涼快。9．A.hill B．buildingC．tower D．waterfall答案：D解析：依據(jù)第三段第一句可知