04-選擇性必修第四冊Unit-1綜合檢測(人教版2019)

2023年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(人教版2019)選擇性必修第四冊Unit1綜合能力檢測聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)（略）第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)ACity:HangzhouLaunched:2008Size:2,965stations/69,750bikesPrice:$32.61deposit(押金)+timechargeWhiletakingalookatthiscity,youmayseethebestbikesharingintheworld.Asthesecondontheplanetbysize,theHangzhouPublicBicycleSystemisoneofthemostcommonandusefulshares,largelybecauseit’scombinedwithpublictransportation:asinglecardcanbeusedinsubway,bus,taxiandbikesharing.Residentsandtouristscanputdownadepositof200ChineseYuan(about$33)andrideforanhourforfreeinthissceniccity.Eachadditionalhourcostsonly$0.15.Itwasalsothefirstnew-generationbike-sharingsysteminChina.By2021it’sprojectedtohave175,000bikes.City:BarcelonaLaunched:2007Size:420stations/6,000bikesPrice:$61.93peryearBarcelona’sBicyclingProgramdevelopedSpain’sbike-sharingbusinessinabigway.Thisprogramtookofflikewildfireonwheels,andbecamefourtimesbiggerinoneyear.Itinspireddifferentcopycatprogramsalloverthecountry.Today,Spainhas132bike-sharingsystems.Theprogramisoneoftheworld’smostrespectedandpopularshares.Butitisonlyopentoresidentsandtouristsarenotallowedtouseit.City:ParisLaunched:2007Size:1,751stations/23,900bikesPrice:$38.52peryear/$2.26perdayParis’sbike-sharingisthestaroftheworld.Launchedin2007,itistheworld’slargestoutsideofChina.CheapbyAmericanstandards,youcanridearoundParisona1.7daypass—thefirsthalfhourofeachtripisfree.Becausethissystemcoversthecitywithanaverageof50stationspersquaremile,it’safavouritewithbothlocalsandtourists.21.WhatdoweknowaboutBarcelona’sBicyclingProgram?A.IthasdriventhedevelopmentofSpain’sbike-sharing.B.Ithasoncebeenruinedbyfireaccidents.C.Itispopularamongtravellers.D.Itconsistsof175,000bikes.22.HowmuchshouldyoupaytorideasharedbikeinParis?A.Nothingforanhour. B.$61.93peryear.C.$2.26perday. D.$1.7perday.23.WhatdotheHangzhouPublicBicycleSystemandParis’sbikesharinghaveincommon?A.Theyareopentobothlocalsandtourists.B.Thehavethesameamountofstations.C.Theywerefoundedinthesameyear.D.Theyrequireadepositofover$30.BOurhumanancestorsmayhavebeensophisticated(老練的)toolusers1.76millionyearsago.NewlydiscoveredhandaxesfromthatperiodaretheoldestexamplesofthecomplexAcheuleanculture,350,000yearsolderthanthepreviousrecordholders.Theseancienttoolscouldaffectwhatweknowabouthumanity’sdeparturefromAfrica.“AnthropologistsconsidertheAcheuleanhandaxestobethecultureofourancestorHomoerectus,andweknowHomoerectusfirstevolvedaround1.8or2millionyearsago,”studyresearcherChristopherLepreofColumbiaUniversitysaid.“Ithinkmostresearcherswereanticipatingthatolderstoneaxeswouldbefound.”Andnowthey’vefoundthem.MultipleexamplesoftheseAcheuleanhandaxes,whichweremadefromchippedvolcanicrockfromanearbystream,werefoundatasiteontheshoreofLakeTurkanainKenya.Theexcavationteam,ledbyHeleneRochefromtheUniversitédeParisinFrance,surveyedfivesitesintheareaandfoundtoolsfromanoldercultureoftooluse,theOldowanculture,withvaryingdegreesofsophistication.TheOldowantoolsthattheresearchersdiscoveredwerecrudestoneflakes,sharpenedtotheedge.TheAcheuleanhandaxes,ontheotherhand,haveadefinedteardroporovalshape.LepresaidthisindicatesthatHomoerectushadtheabilitytoconceptualizethesizeandshapeofthetoolintheirminds,andthenreproduceitoutofstone.Theaxebladeswereheldinthehandandwereprobablyusedtobutcherzebrasorgiraffes,tobreakbonesandscrapehides,orasdiggingtoolstoreachvegetablessuchaspotatoes.ThestudyappearsinThursday’sissueofthejournalNature.24.Accordingtothenewdiscovery,ourancestorsusedtoolsyearsearlierthanthepreviousrecordholders.

A.1.76million B.2millionC.350thousand D.167thousand25.TheAcheuleanhandaxesdiscoveredweremadefrom.

A.volcanicrockfromKenyaB.bigstonesfromFranceC.bronzemadeinAmericaD.crudestoneflakesfromAfrica26.Theunderlinedword“this”inthefifthparagraphrefersto.

A.theAcheuleanhandaxesB.thestoneaxessharpenedtotheedgeC.theOldowantoolsmadefromcrudestoneflakesD.thedefinedteardroporovalshapeoftheAcheuleanhandaxes27.Thetextismostlikelytobefoundinabookabout.

A.naturescienceB.historicaleventsC.successfulpeople D.politicalsystemsCQueLiuandhiswifeSiEnspendtheirmorningspickingPu’erleavesinaforestnotfarfromtheirvillageinthehighlandsofsouthwestChina.Pu’erisakindofteathatisfamousforitscomplextaste.Tealoverssayitstastechangeswitheachfollowingsteeping(浸泡).ButthecropthisyearhasbeensmallatNannuoshan,oneofthesixmajorPu’ermountainsinYunnanProvince.Thehottestweatherandlowestrainfalltotalsinyearshavereducedproduction.“Droughthascutproductionbyabouthalfthisspring,”saidZiSai,thesonofQueLiuandSiEn.Localofficialsblameclimatechangeforanincreaseindrought-likeconditionsinrecentyears.Thedryweatherhasworsenedoverthepast20years,withthisyear’sdroughtbreakingsomerecords.“Theentirerainfallpatternhaschangedduetoglobalwarming,”saidXiaoChan,headofweatherservicesatChina’sNationalClimateCenterinBeijing.Pu’ertreesgrowinthecloud-coveredforestsofYunnan.Thetreesrequirenofertilizersorpesticides(農(nóng)藥),unliketheteatreesgrownonlargefarmselsewhere.Theadultplantnormallyreachesaheightoffourmeters.Springproducesthehighest-qualityleavesfromthetrees.Thesummerharvest,withahigherpercentageofwater,isconsideredtobelowerinquality.Summerleavesaresoldformassconsumption.Thedroughtconditionshurttheeconomyofthe32villagesofNannuoshan.“MyfamilydependswhollyonPu’erteaforsurvival,earningabout200,000yuanayear,”saidZiSai’suncle,SiDa,whois44.“Thatrepresentsjustover28,000yuan.Thisyear,ourincomehasbeencutbytensofthousandsofyuan.”Whileoneancienttree,saidtodatefrom800yearsago,survivedthedrought,otheryoungertreesdidnot.“Ifthesekindsoftreessurvive,theymayneedthreetofiveyearsforafullrecovery.”SiDaadded.“Thesetreesarequitepitiful.Theyshouldhavebeenprotectedlikechildren.”28.HowistheclimateinthePu’erteaplantingareasinrecentyears?A.Itistoowet.B.Itismuchcolder.C.Itischangingregularly.D.Itisbecomingmuchdrier.29.What’stheadvantageofPu’ertreesinthecloud-coveredforestscomparedwiththeteatreesplantedonotherbigfarms?A.Theyareshortandsmall.B.Theyarepollution-free.C.Theygrowonlargefarms.D.Theyarepickedatallseasons.30.WhatdoesSiDathinkoftheyoungerteatrees?A.Theywereeasytoliveon.B.Theyshouldhavebeentakengoodcareof.C.Theytookonlyashorttimetofullyrecover.D.Theyhadbetterbecutdowntoearnmoney.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Theextremeweatherruinsteafarms.B.FamousteainChinamightdisappear.C.Fewteatreessurvivenaturaldisasters.D.DroughthurtsPu’erteacropsinChina.DItissaidthatmanybraintrainingproductsisabletokeepusmentallyfit.Someproductsevenclaimthatbraintrainingcanpreventdementia(癡呆)inoldage.Manysuchproductsareonlymoney-makingrubbish.Also,thereisnoscientificproofthatgamesorotherbrainexercisescanhavethiseffect.ThatiswhattheGermanInstituteforQualityandEfficiencyinHealthCare(IQWiG)pointedout.Aswegetolder,ourthinkinggetssloweranditisharderforustolearnnewthings.Manypeopletrytostaymentallyfitby,forexample,learninganewlanguageordoingcrosswordpuzzles.Computergamesthataimtokeepthebrainactivearealsobecomingincreasinglypopular.“Doingexercisesliketryingtofindsymbolsonacomputerscreenasfastaspossiblecanactuallyimproveyourreactiontime,”explainsProfessorPeterSawicki,theInstitute’sDirector.“Butscientificstudieshaveshownthatbraintrainingonlyleadstoanimprovementinoneaspectthatitisaimedat.Soifyoulearntofindsymbolsquickly,itdoesnotmeanthatyouwillbeabletoimproveyourmemory.”Researchhasnotshownthatbraintrainingcankeepuporenhance(加強(qiáng))people’soverall(全面的)mentalabilitiesascommonlythought.“Sothereisnoneedtofeelbadifyoudonotenjoybraintraining:therearenohealthreasonsfordoingit,”saysSawicki.“Butifyouthinkbraintrainingexercisesareinteresting,youcantryoutdifferentthings.Forexample,completingtheorderofletterscanimproveyourlogicskills.Andpracticingwordassociationtechniquescanhelpyoutorememberthingsbetter.Youcandoallofthesethingsathomeonyourown.”32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebraintrainingproductsaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyareexpensive.B.Theyareeffective.C.Theyareharmfultothebrain.D.Theyareunreliable33.AccordingtoPeterSawicki,braintrainingexercisescan.

A.onlyimproveacertainabilityofpeopleB.helpallpeopleimprovetheirmemoryC.keepthebrainactiveforalongertimeD.onlyimproveyourreactiontime34.Thelastparagraphshowsthatbraintrainingexercisesshouldbedone.

A.whenyoucan’tlearnnewthingsB.inarelaxingwayC.understrictinstructionsD.whenyourthinkinggetsmuchslower35.Onthewhole,researchersthinkthatbraintrainingexercises.

A.aren’taseffectiveascommonlythoughtB.arejustdesignedforyoungpeopletohavefunC.maybenefitpeopleinsomeindirectwaysD.shouldn’tbeencouraged第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)Peoplehavealwayswantedtoknowwhatthefuturewilllooklike.Then,howcanwe?36Theworldhaschangedalotinthelast150years,butwehumansaredrivenbythesamebasicneedsaswewere150yearsago,suchasfood,sleep,thefeelingofbeingappreciatedandloved.37No.Inaddition,generallyspeaking,theinventionsforthelast150yearshavebeenahumaneffortforfreedomandcommunication,tobeabletogetincontrolofthetimeandworld.Sincethereisstillmuchtodointhisarea,thiswillbethefocusatleastforthenext150years.

Butwhydoweneedtopredictthefuture?Predictingthefutureisimportantfortworeasons:First,weneedtostarttothinkaboutwhatkindoffuturewewouldlikeforourselvesandtopassontothenextgeneration.38

Howaboutthevirtualworlds?Itmightbeinthefuturetoexperiencethesandbetweenyourtoes,andhearthewaves,justlyinginyourbedathome.39So,evenifagreatinventionisthereforanaffordableprice,it’llnevertaketheplaceofthecommonexperienceifitisnotreal.

40Whatwe’llseeinthenext50yearsisthetransition(過渡)fromanoil-dependentsocietytoanewsociety.Herethere’llbenewmedicine,continuedexplorationofspace,challengesintheclimatechange,andnewinventionsthatmakelifealittleeasier.

A.Willthischangeinthenext150years?B.Sowhatwillthefuturelooklikethen?C.Predictingthefuturecanhelpusinmanyways.D.Well,tounderstandthefuture,youmustknowthepast.E.However,you’llnevergetthefeelingofbeingthere.F.However,nomatterhowrealtheexperiencewillfeel,itdoesn’thappenforreal.G.Thenweneedtoknowwhatdecisionsweneedtomaketodaythatwillgivethebestresultinthefuture.第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)Pennsylvaniaisfullofmysteriousplaces!Oneofthoseisanoldturnpike(收費(fèi)高速公路)41fordecades.Mydadloveshistory,andhelearneditwasopentothepublic.42,whenIwas14,wetookabiketripto43thisroad!

Mydadchosea16-mile44oftheroadforustoride.PartofitincludedanoldtunnelcalledSidelingHillwhichisoveramilelong!To45,wecheckedourtiresandmadesureourlightshadbatteries.Inthemorning,weloadedourbikesintothecarandsetoff.Asweapproachedthetunnel,Ifelt46asitwasabsolutelyblackinside!ButDadencouragedme.Hesaidhewouldbebesideme.Heremindedmetostay47andkeepmylighton!

Whenwe48thetunnel,thesoundofourbikeswasheardthroughthedarkness.Ishinedmyflashlightaroundandsawwalls49ingraffiti(涂鴉).AndIfeltlikeIwasbeing50!Iwasprettyscared,but51onfollowingDadhelpedmerelax.Afterridinghalf-waythrough,Icouldseelightcomingfromtheotherend,motivatingmetokeepgoing.AndIwassodelightedtorideoutintothebrightafternoon!

Whenevergoingthrough52inlife,Irememberthistrip.Itremindsmethatmyfatherisalwaysbesideme.Heturnsonthelightofhopeinmy53,aswellasgivesme54tokeepridingthroughlife’s55tunnels.

41.A.designedB.destroyedC.abandoned D.locked42.A.However B.OtherwiseC.Therefore D.Meanwhile43.A.explore B.constructC.protect D.repair44.A.tunnel B.sectionC.block D.course45.A.participate B.registerC.cooperate D.prepare46.A.excited B.nervousC.annoyed D.exhausted47.A.silent B.curiousC.cautious D.positive48.A.approached B.observedC.constructed D.entered49.A.covered B.buriedC.absorbed D.dressed50.A.forced B.watchedC.abused D.judged51.A.depending B.survivingC.calling D.focusing52.A.accidents B.hardshipsC.regulations D.incidents53.A.chest B.tripC.work D.heart54.A.courage B.prideC.excitement D.enthusiasm55.A.difficult B.distantC.dark D.long第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Jingdezhenporcelain(瓷器)isChineseporcelainproducedinornearJingdezheninsouthernChina.Jingdezhenhasproducedporcelain56.(century)ago.Andthetown57.wasnamedJingdezhenbyEmperorZhenzongoftheNorthernSongDynastybecameamajorkiln(窯)sitearound1004.Duringtheperiod,the58.(produce)ofporcelaininthisareafirstbecame59.(know).Bythe14thcenturyithadbecomethelargestcentreofproducingChineseporcelain,whichremainedinthefollowingtimes.IntheMingDynasty,officialkilnsinJingdezhen60.(control)bytheemperor,makingqualityporcelaininlargequantitiesfortheemperortogiveabroadasgifts.Asaresult,thetownwas61.(close)linkedtotheworld.

Althoughbeingaremotetowninahillyarea,Jingdezhenisnearthequalityporcelainstoneandforestswhichcanprovideplentyofwoodforthekilns.Italsohas62.riverflowingfromnorthtosouth,63.(benefit)thetransportofthefragileobjects.

Jingdezhenhasproducedagreatvarietyof64.(value)porcelain.Asaresult,thetownisfamous65.the“PorcelainCapital”.Onetypeofitswell-knownhighqualityporcelainobjectistheblueandwhiteporcelainfromthe1330s.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華,上周六恰逢你?？萍脊?jié),清華大學(xué)物理系王教授來你校作講座。請你為校英文報寫一篇報道,內(nèi)容包括:1.時間地點(diǎn);2.參加人員;3.講座內(nèi)容:(1)解密宇宙探索(2)2019年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎得主的勵志故事;4.講座反響。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.題目已給出,可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。參考詞匯:2019年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎the2019NobelPrizeinPhysicsAScientificLecture________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Chelseawasasaleswoman.Sheworkedforamedicalequipmentmanufacturertosellmedicalequipmenttohospitals.ShedrovealloverLosAngelesCountyfivedaysaweek.Shewasnottheworld’smostlaw-abiding(守法的)driver.Whenallthefreewaylaneswereatadeadstop,shewoulddrivealongtheemergencylane.Sherarelymetastopsignatanemptyintersectionthatsheobeyed.Shealwayssloweddownenoughtomakesuretheintersectionwasclear,andthenzippedonthrough.Sheusuallytalkedonhercellphonewhiledriving.Whiledrivingandtalking,shewouldoftendrinkasodaoreatasandwich.Herhands,legs,andmouthwerealwaysbusywhileshewasdriving.Shewasborn,sheoftensaidproudly,tomultitask.Lastnightshehadtoshowacustomerhowtooperateanewdevice.Thecustomerwasaslowlearner,soChelseaendedupleavingthehospitalhalfanhourlaterthanshehadplanned.Then,ofcourse,shegotstuckinFridayeveningrushhour.Shewasgoingtobelateforherdate,butthenearbymountainsblockedhercellphonefromcallinghercustomerandtellinghim.Shewasalreadyanxious,andthingsseemedtobegettingworse.Thenallthetrafficstopped.Chelseadroveimmediatelyovertotheemergencylaneandcontinueddrivingalongit.Shewasmakinggoodprogress.Shecouldn’tbelieveshewastheonlyoneintheemergencylane.Usuallyseveralcarswouldfollowherlead.Thenshesawtheredflashinglightsinherrearviewmirror.Theofficerpulledheroverandwalkedupalongsidehercar.Hewasyoungandgood-looking.Chelseafeltbetter.“Isthereanyreasonthatyouareintheemergencylane?”“Officer,I’mnotfeelingwellandI’mjusttryingtogettotheneareststoretobuymymedicine.”Shelookedathimwithbig,sweet,innocenteyes.Helookedatherforalongmoment,thenhandedherlicenseback.“Okay,ma’am.Takethefirstexityoucometo.Ihopeyou’llbefeelingbetter.I’mAnthony,bytheway.”“Thankyousomuch,officerAnthony.”注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。TheofficerwalkedbacktohiscarandChelseadroveon.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Therewasnolineinthestore.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-------------------------------------------

參考答案聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)（略）第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)A【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了杭州、巴塞羅那、巴黎三個城市的共享單車系統(tǒng)及其規(guī)模,收費(fèi)情況和使用情況等。21.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)City:Barcelona中的第一句Barcelona’sBicyclingProgramdevelopedSpain’sbike-sharingbusinessinabigway可知巴塞羅那的單車項(xiàng)目極大地開發(fā)了西班牙的共享單車產(chǎn)業(yè)。故選A。22.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)City:Paris中的價格Price:$38.52peryear/$2.26perday可知,巴黎的共享單車收費(fèi)為每天2.26美元。故選C。23.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)City:Hangzhou中的第三句Residentsandtouristscanputdownadepositof200ChineseYuan(about$33)andrideforanhourforfreeinthissceniccity;以及City:Paris部分中的最后一句it’safavouritewithbothlocalsandtourists.可知HangzhouPublicBicycleSystem和Paris’sbikesharing都對本地居民和外來游客開放。故選A。B【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。人類學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),我們的祖先們使用工具比我們想象的早得多。24.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“...350,000yearsolderthanthepreviousrecordholders.”可知C項(xiàng)是正確的。25.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“...Acheuleanhandaxes,whichweremadefromchippedvolcanicrockfrom...LakeTurkanainKenya.”可知,阿舍利文化時期的手斧是用來自肯尼亞的火山巖做成的。所以選A項(xiàng)。26.【解析】選D。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段中的“TheAcheuleanhandaxes,ontheotherhand,haveadefinedteardroporovalshape.”可知,D項(xiàng)符合題意。27.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話“ThestudyappearsinThursday’sissueofthejournalNature.”可知,這篇文章最可能在一本關(guān)于自然科學(xué)的書中被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故A項(xiàng)符合題意。B項(xiàng)“歷史事件”;C項(xiàng)“成功人士”;D項(xiàng)“政治體系”,本文與這三項(xiàng)并無關(guān)聯(lián),故都可以排除。C【文章大意】本文是說明文。今年云南普洱茶產(chǎn)地六大名山之一的南糯山的產(chǎn)茶量很低。多年來炎熱的天氣和最低的降雨量導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)量減少。今年春天,干旱使茶葉的產(chǎn)量減少了大約一半。28.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Localofficialsblameclimatechangeforanincreaseindrought-likeconditionsinrecentyears.可知,當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T把近年來類似干旱的情況增加歸咎于氣候變化。由此可知,近年來普洱茶種植區(qū)的氣候越來越干燥。故選D。29.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Pu’ertreesgrowinthecloud-coveredforestsofYunnan.Thetreesrequirenofertilizersorpesticides,unliketheteatreesgrownonlargefarmselsewhere.可知,生長在云南云霧繚繞的森林里的普洱樹,與生長在其他地方的大型農(nóng)場的茶樹相比,此樹不需要肥料或農(nóng)藥。由此可知,與其他大農(nóng)場種植的茶樹相比,普洱樹的一大優(yōu)勢是綠色無污染。故選B。30.解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Thesetreesarequitepitiful.Theyshouldhavebeenprotectedlikechildren.”可知,這些樹真可憐。他們本應(yīng)該像孩子一樣受到保護(hù)。由此可推知,SiDa認(rèn)為更幼年的茶樹應(yīng)該得到很好的照顧。故選B。31.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第四句可知多年來最熱的天氣和最低的降雨量減少了產(chǎn)量;根據(jù)第三段第一句可知當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T指責(zé)氣候變化導(dǎo)致了近年來干旱狀況的增加,以及根據(jù)第五段第一句可知干旱狀況損害了南糯山32個村莊的經(jīng)濟(jì)。可知,文章談?wù)摰氖歉珊祿p害了中國普洱茶的產(chǎn)量。故選D。D【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦訓(xùn)練并不會像人們認(rèn)為的那樣能提升人的大腦能力。32.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段三、四句可知,很多這樣的產(chǎn)品都是只為了賺錢的垃圾。而且,沒有科學(xué)證據(jù)可以證明這些游戲或大腦鍛煉有這種功效。可推知,本文作者認(rèn)為大腦訓(xùn)練產(chǎn)品是不可靠的,因?yàn)闆]有科學(xué)證據(jù)證明它們有用。故選D。33.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知,研究表明大腦訓(xùn)練只能使其所針對的一個方面得到改善,所以,如果你學(xué)會了快速尋找圖像,這并不意味著你就能提高你的記憶能力?？赏浦?PeterSawicki認(rèn)為大腦訓(xùn)練只能改善人的某一項(xiàng)能力。故選A。34.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段二三句可知,Sawicki認(rèn)為做大腦訓(xùn)練時應(yīng)該放松,不要想太多,如果覺得有趣就做,如果覺得不喜歡就不做。故選B。35.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句可知,研究還沒有表明大腦訓(xùn)練可以像通常認(rèn)為的那樣保持或加強(qiáng)人們的整體智能?？赏浦?研究人員認(rèn)為大腦訓(xùn)練沒有人們通常認(rèn)為的那樣有效。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)【文章大意】人們總想知道未來會是什么樣子的,其實(shí)要想展望未來,必須了解過去。不管世界如何變化,人們的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣賞和被愛的感覺等不會改變,未來的虛擬世界也不會代替真實(shí)的世界。但是可以預(yù)知,未來五十年里,世界將從依靠石油的社會過渡到新的社會,人們的生活會更好。36.【解析】選D。根據(jù)空處下文可知,在過去的150年里,世界發(fā)生了巨大的變化;結(jié)合空前一句可推知,空處承上啟下,說明我們想要展望未來,就要了解過去,故D項(xiàng)符合語境。37.【解析】選A。根據(jù)空前一句可知,在過去的150年里,人們的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣賞和被愛的感覺沒有變化,結(jié)合空后的“No”可知,空處應(yīng)是一個一般疑問句,并與空前一句講人的基本需求相呼應(yīng),故A項(xiàng)符合語境。38.【解析】選G。根據(jù)該段第二句可知,該段主要講的是預(yù)知未來的兩個原因,空前一句講的是第一個原因,即需要思考自己想要并傳遞給下一代的未來是什么樣的,據(jù)此可知,空處陳述第二個原因,即需要知道做出怎樣的決定才能給未來帶來最好的結(jié)果,故G項(xiàng)正確。其中G項(xiàng)中的“Thenweneedto”與空前一句中的“First,weneedto”相呼應(yīng)。39.【解析】選F。根據(jù)空后一句可知,即使一項(xiàng)重大發(fā)明的價格我們可以承受,但是虛擬體驗(yàn)絕不會代替真實(shí)體驗(yàn),結(jié)合空處上文可推知,F項(xiàng)符合語境,銜接上下文。40.【解析】選B。根據(jù)空處下文可知,該段介紹了對未來五十年的展望:從依靠石油的社會過渡到新的社會;未來的生活更好。故B項(xiàng)符合語境。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了我和爸爸的一次公路探險讓我終生難忘——每當(dāng)生活中遇到困難時,它總會提醒我,爸爸總是在我身邊,給我戰(zhàn)勝困難的希望和勇氣。41.【解析】選C。designed設(shè)計;destroyed破壞;abandoned遺棄,廢棄;locked鎖住。根據(jù)空后的“Mydadloveshistory...”可知,因?yàn)榘职窒矚g歷史,我們才去探險,因此這條收費(fèi)公路應(yīng)該是廢棄了幾十年,故選C。42.【解析】選C。根據(jù)上文可知,我爸爸喜歡歷史,因此,爸爸帶我騎自行車去探索這條公路!however然而;otherwise否則;therefore因此;meanwhile同時。根據(jù)句意可知前后是因果關(guān)系,此處表示結(jié)果,故選C。43.【解析】選A。explore探索;construct建造;protect保護(hù);repair修理。上文提到爸爸喜歡歷史,再結(jié)合下文我們在這條公路上的經(jīng)歷可知,爸爸帶我騎自行車去探索這條公路,故選A。44.【解析】選B。tunnel隧道;section部分,路段;block街區(qū);course過程?？蘸笠痪湔f該路段包括一條超過一英里長的、名為SidelingHill的老隧道,此處指“一個16英里長的路段”,故選B。45.【解析】選D。participate參與;register登記;cooperate合作;prepare準(zhǔn)備。我們檢查了車胎,并確保車燈里裝了電池,這些都是公路探險前的準(zhǔn)備工作,故選D。46.【解析】選B。excited興奮的;nervous緊張的;annoyed生氣的;exhausted筋疲力盡的。根據(jù)后文隧道里面一片漆黑可知,我非常緊張,故選B。47.【解析】選C。silent安靜的;curious好奇的;cautious謹(jǐn)慎的;positive積極的。上文提到隧道里一片漆黑,因此爸爸提醒我要保持小心謹(jǐn)慎,故選C。48.【解析】選D。approached靠近;observed觀察;constructed建造;entered進(jìn)入。根據(jù)上文中的“weapproachedthetunnel”可知此處發(fā)生在“接近隧道”之后,是說我們進(jìn)入了隧道,故選D。49.【解析】選A。covered覆蓋;buried埋葬;absorbed吸收;dressed穿衣。根據(jù)空后的“graffiti”可知,我發(fā)現(xiàn)墻壁被涂鴉所覆蓋(墻上滿是涂鴉),故選A。50.【解析】選B。forced強(qiáng)迫;watched注視;abused虐待;judged審判。根據(jù)常識可知,涂鴉多是表情夸張或面目猙獰的人物畫像,因此我感覺自己被墻上的畫像注視著,故選B。51.【解析】選D。dependon依靠;surviveon靠……活下來;callon號召;focuson集中精力于。根據(jù)空后的“onfollowingDadhelpedmerelax”可知,集中精力跟著爸爸走能讓我放松下來,故選D。52.【解析】選B。accidents事故;hardships艱難困苦;regulations條例;incidents事件。由后文可知,這次旅行提醒我,爸爸總是在我身邊,他點(diǎn)亮了我心中的希望之光,也給了我勇氣,讓我繼續(xù)穿過生命的黑暗隧道,此處用隧道比喻生活中的困難,說的是每當(dāng)生活中遇到困難時,我都會想起這次旅行,故選B。53.【解析】選D。根據(jù)空前的“thelightofhope”可知此處是指“心中的希望之光”,故選D。54.【解析】選A。courage勇氣;pride自豪;excitement興奮;enthusiasm熱情。根據(jù)上文中的“ButDadencouragedme.”可知,在我緊張害怕時,爸爸鼓勵我,因此此處是指“給我勇氣”,故選A。55.【解析】選C。根據(jù)上文中的“itwasabsolutelyblackinside!”可知,隧道里面一片漆黑,因此此處是指