Unit-1-Cultual-Relics-A卷基礎(chǔ)知識通關(guān)練(解析版)

必修Book2Unit1CulturalHeritageA卷·基礎(chǔ)知識通關(guān)練一、詞匯與短語I.重點(diǎn)詞匯默寫heritagen．遺產(chǎn)(指國家或社會(huì)長期形成的歷史、傳統(tǒng)和特色)templen．廟；寺dragonn.龍mirrorn.鏡子downloadvt.&n．下載committeen．委員會(huì)departmentn．部；司；科documentn．文件；公文；(計(jì)算機(jī))文檔vt.記錄；記載(詳情)templen．廟；寺imagen.形象；印象caven.山洞；洞穴foreveradv.永遠(yuǎn)；長久地cluen.線索；提示exitn.出口；通道vi.&vt.出去；離去establishvt.建立；創(chuàng)立preventvt.阻止；阻撓fundn．基金；?？頸ssuen．重要議題；爭論的問題vt.宣布；公布digitaladj.數(shù)碼的；數(shù)字顯示的quotevt.引用identifyvt.確認(rèn)；認(rèn)出；找到contrastn．&vt.對比；對照II.拓展詞匯變形creativeadj.創(chuàng)造性的；有創(chuàng)造力的；有創(chuàng)意的→createvt.創(chuàng)造→creativityn．創(chuàng)造力preservevt.保存；保護(hù)；維持n．保護(hù)區(qū)→preservationn．保護(hù)promotevt.促進(jìn)；提升；推銷；晉級→promotionn．晉升；推銷；促進(jìn)applicationn．申請；用途；運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用程序→applyvi.申請；適用vt.應(yīng)用；使用→appliedadj.實(shí)用的；應(yīng)用的→applicantn．申請人entrancen.入口；進(jìn)入→entervi.進(jìn)入professionaladj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的n.專業(yè)人員；職業(yè)選手→professionn.職業(yè)；行業(yè)forgivevt.&vi.原諒；寬恕→forgave過去式→forgiven過去分詞balancen．平衡；平均vt.使平衡→balancedadj.均衡的；平衡的limitn．限制；限度vt.限制；限定→limitedadj.有限的lossn．喪失；損失→losevt.丟失；喪失；迷路→lostadj.丟失的proposaln．提議；建議→proposevt.建議；提議investigatevi.&vt.調(diào)查；研究→investigationn.調(diào)查；研究contributionn．捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐贈(zèng)→contributevi.捐助；貢獻(xiàn)vt.捐款；投稿disappearvi.消失；滅絕；消亡→appear(反義詞)vi.出現(xiàn)；露面→appearancen．出現(xiàn)；外貌donatevt.(尤指向慈善機(jī)構(gòu))捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送；獻(xiàn)(血)→donationn．捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送；捐款attemptn．&vt.企圖；試圖；嘗試→attemptedadj.企圖的；未遂的(用于名詞前)traditionn．傳統(tǒng)；傳統(tǒng)信仰或風(fēng)俗→traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的furtheradj.&adv.更遠(yuǎn)；進(jìn)一步→far(原級)historicadj.歷史上著名(或重要)的；有史時(shí)期的→historyn．歷史comparisonn．比較；相比→comparevi.&vt.比較refervi.提到；談及；參考→referencen．談到；提及；參考→referred過去分詞，過去式→referring現(xiàn)在分詞III.核心短語互譯theformer前者thelatter后者takepartin/joinin/participatein參與(某事)；參加(某活動(dòng))asheetofpaper一張紙overseasstudent海外學(xué)生makeaproposal提出建議makecontributionsto/makeacontributionto為……做貢獻(xiàn)raisefunds籌集資金signadocument簽署文件makesure確保，設(shè)法保證allovertheworld在世界各地digitalcamera數(shù)碼相機(jī)culturalrelic文物culturalheritage文化遺產(chǎn)processedfood加工食品attheentranceof在……入口處leadto導(dǎo)致turnto向……求助keepbalance保持平衡prevent...from...阻止；不準(zhǔn)givewayto讓步；屈服donate...to...向……捐款inmyopinion在我看來throughouthistory縱觀歷史ameetingpoint交匯點(diǎn)speedup加速bycomparison/bycontrast相比之下incontrastto和……相比IV.根據(jù)漢語提示用本單元詞匯的正確形式填空Heritage①playsanimportantrolein(在……中起重要作用)promotingourunderstandingofthepasthistoryandculture.②However(然而；但是),thecurrentsituationofcultural③relics(遺物；遺跡)isworrying.On(the)onehand,someofthedamageis④caused(引起；導(dǎo)致)byhumans,suchasscribblinginscenicspotsandlittering.Worsestill,withthedevelopmentofsociety,somemust⑤givewayto(讓步；屈服)theeconomicdevelopment.⑥Ontheotherhand(另一方面),somearecausedbythedevelopmentoftime.Havingundergonehistoricalchangesforthousandsofyears,someculturalrelicshavebeguntoageorwear.Itistimeto⑦takemeasures(采取措施)toprotectculturalrelicstopresentthemtoourfuturegenerations.First,itisnecessaryto⑧setup(建立；設(shè)立)aspecialheritageprotectioncommitteeto⑨raisefunds(籌集資金)toensureitsproperfunction.Inaddition,⑩professional(專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的)instructorsarearrangedatthetouristattractionstoexplainthehistoryandvalueofculturalrelics,especiallytothetouristsfromoverseas.Furthermore,everyoneshouldmakeeffortsto?prevent(阻止)theculturalrelicsfrombeingdestroyed.Weshouldconductourselveswellto?makesure(確保)thatouractionwillnothaveabadeffectondisplayingourgoodimage.Itisnotenoughtoprotestagainstthedestructionofculturalrelics.Strictlawsareagoodwaytoprotecttherelicsfrom?disappearing(消失).Inmyopinion,nolawcanbetoostricttoprotecttheheritage?forever(永遠(yuǎn)；長久地).二、句式與篇章I.教材原句補(bǔ)全Therecomesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew，anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.新舊更替的時(shí)代已經(jīng)到來，在走向未來的過程中，我們不可能將過去的一-切都保存下來。Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast,thatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogetherbuttheyhadalsolearnttobuildabettertomorrow.這些國家不僅找到了一條不以犧牲古跡為代價(jià)的未來發(fā)展之路，而且明白了多個(gè)國家合作創(chuàng)造美好未來的可能性。Itissaidthatit'samirrorthatcantellrightfromwrong!據(jù)說這是一面可以分辨是非的鏡子!Appreciatingone'sownculturalheritageisveryimportantforunderstandingoneself.欣賞自已國家的文化遺產(chǎn)對于了解自己的國家很重要。ThismakesitanimportantculturalheritagesitenotjustforChina，butforallpeoplearoundtheworld.這使得它不僅是中國的重要文化遺產(chǎn)，也是全世界人民的重要文化遺產(chǎn)。II.單句語法填空(create)thinkingisimportanttous.答案與解析Creative設(shè)空在句中做定語，故用形容詞creative“有創(chuàng)造力的”。Jackworkedsohardthathereceivedaquick(promote).答案與解析promotion設(shè)空在句中做賓語，故用名詞形式。He(mount)theplatformanddeliveredhisspeech.答案與解析mounted設(shè)空在句中做并列謂語，語境為“登上講臺(tái)”。Themanagerreceivedtwenty(apply)fortheposition.答案與解析applications設(shè)空在句中做賓語，且意為“申請表”，又有twenty修飾，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Themeansof(preserve)meat,fishandvegetablesbyusingsaltdatesbacktothousandsofyearsago.答案與解析preserving設(shè)空在句中做介詞of的賓語，且空后帶有賓語，故用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。Some(process)foodisregardedtobeharmfultoourbody.答案與解析processed設(shè)空在句中做定語，意為“被加工的”。Thehurricanebroughtgreat(lose)tothefishermen.答案與解析loss設(shè)空在句中做賓語，故用名詞形式。Somemenmaketheirlivingbyplayingfootball;wecallthem(profession)footballers.答案與解析professional設(shè)空在句中做定語，用其形容詞形式，意為“專業(yè)的”。Thesun(disappear)belowthehorizonmuchsoonerinwinterthaninsummer.答案與解析disappears設(shè)空在句中做謂語，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，且用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故用disappears。PekingUniversitywas(establish)in1898.答案與解析established設(shè)空與was一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示被動(dòng)，被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為bedone，故填established。Shereachedthe(limited)ofherpatienceafterwaitingfortwohours.答案與解析limit設(shè)空在句中做賓語，故填名詞形式limit。Iwas(issue)adrivinglicenseafterpassingallthetests.答案與解析issued設(shè)空在句中與was一起構(gòu)成謂語，屬于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填issued。Intheuniversity,thereis(apply)maths.答案與解析applied設(shè)空在句中做定語，applied“應(yīng)用的”。I(identify)thecoatatonce—itwasmybrother's.答案與解析identified設(shè)空在句中做謂語，且為過去式。It's(tradition)inAmericatoeatturkeyonThanksgivingDay.答案與解析traditional設(shè)空在句中做表語，意為“傳統(tǒng)的”。Canyoustandabit(far)away?答案與解析farther/further設(shè)空在句中做狀語，far的比較級有兩個(gè)，兩個(gè)都可以指距離上遠(yuǎn)一些，但是表示程度上的進(jìn)一步，只能用further。(compare)withouropponent(對手),wehavealittleadvantage.答案與解析Compared句首用分詞做狀語，與后句為同一主語，即we，我們應(yīng)該是被比較的對象，故應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動(dòng)，意為“和……比較起來”。HeappliedhimselfthelearningofEnglish；withtheattitudehemaderapidprogress.答案與解析toapplyoneselfto“專注于”。Takingpartactivitiesisagoodwayforustogainexperience.答案與解析intakepartin“參加活動(dòng)”。theentranceofthecollege,therearetwotreesdatingbacktotheMingDynasty.答案與解析Atattheentranceof“在……的入口處”。Applysomemedicinethewound.答案與解析toapply...to“將……涂抹于”。makesmesadtohearthatyoucan'tgetusedtothelifeinthenewschool.答案與解析Itit為形式主語。Therearemanystudentsoverseas，whosemajorisChinesenow.答案與解析fromfromoverseas“來自海外”。Myscheduleistightnow.Itellyoutheresultnow,andIwilltellyoutheprocessdetailwhenIamfree.答案與解析inindetail“詳細(xì)地”。Itisabadhabittoreferthedictionarywhenreading.答案與解析toreferto固定搭配，此處為“查閱”之意。isagoodideatotakepartinsocialactivities,whichcanpromoteourunderstandingoftheworld.答案與解析Itit為形式主語。Heenteredauniversityhedidn'tlike,givinginhisparents.答案與解析togiveinto“向……讓步”。Itisworthwhileapplyourselvestostudy,whichcanmakeusentertheidealuniversities.答案與解析toitisworthwhiletodo/doing“做……是值得的”。Onlyworkwithoutrestcontributesherillness.答案與解析tocontributeto“導(dǎo)致；促使”。Thefarmersprotestsettingupaplantpower,whichwillmakethemlosepartoftheirfields.答案與解析againstprotestagainst“抗議……”。Suncreamcanpreventusbeingsunburnt.答案與解析frompreventsb.fromdoing“阻止某人免受……”。Itislikelythedonationintheformoffundswillcomeinoneweek.答案與解析thatitislikelythat“很可能”。Notmanypeoplecananswerthisquestionthefirstattempt.答案與解析atatthefirstattempt“第一次嘗試”。Hedeliveredhisspeechinafluent(流利的)way,withoutreferringhisdraft.答案與解析toreferto“參照”。myopinion，weshouldmakeeffortstopreservethetraditionalculture.答案與解析Ininmyopinion“在我看來”。Heisascarelesshewasoneyearago.答案與解析asas...as“和……一樣”。Thebearswillstayintheircavesthewholewinter.答案與解析throughoutthroughout“遍及；自始至終”，throughoutthewholewinter“整個(gè)冬天”。comparison,fundsoneducationincreasedlastyear.答案與解析Inincomparison“相比較而言”。contrasttoHarry,heisdelighted.答案與解析Inincontrastto“和……相比”。III.句式升級如果你繼續(xù)吸煙，你的身體健康有可能會(huì)受到損害。(likely)①Itislikelythatyouwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.②Youarelikelytosufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.張先生拍攝的那部電影很值得看。①ThefilmproducedbyMr.Zhangiswellworthseeing.(beworthdoing)②ThefilmproducedbyMr.Zhangiswellworthyofbeingseen.(beworthyofbeingdone)③ThefilmproducedbyMr.Zhangiswellworthytobeseen.(beworthytobedone)④Itiswellworthwhileseeing/toseethefirmproducedbyMr.Zhang.(itisworthwhiledoing/todo)Thesunnotonlygiveuslightbutalsoitgivesusheat.→Notonlydoesthesungiveuslightbutalsoitgivesusheat.(倒裝句)Careofthesoulisagradualprocessandeventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsideredinit.→Careofthesoulisagradualprocessinwhicheventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.(定語從句)Tofinishbuildingthedamtooktheworkersalmostthreeyears.→Ittooktheworkersalmostthreeyearstofinishbuildingthedam.(it作形式主語)IV.課文縮寫填空Witheconomydevelopmenttherecomesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew.eq\a\vs4\al(1)(keep)therightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsitescanbeeq\a\vs4\al(2)bigchallenge.Bigchallenges,however,cansometimesleadtogreatsolutions.In1950s，theEgyptiangovernmentwantedtobuildanewdameq\a\vs4\al(3)theNile.Butwaterfromthedamwouldeq\a\vs4\al(4)(possible)damageanumberoftemplesanddestroyculturalrelics.Aftereq\a\vs4\al(5)(listen)tothescientistsandcitizens,thegovernmentturnedtotheUnitedNationsforhelp.Afteraprocessofeq\a\vs4\al(6)(prepare),finallyadocumenteq\a\vs4\al(7)(sign),andtheworkbeganin1960.Templesandotherculturalsitesweretakendownpiecebypiece,andthenmovedandputbackinaplaceeq\a\vs4\al(8)theyweresafefromthewater.Inall,thousandsofengineersandworkersrescued22templesandeq\a\vs4\al(9)(count)culturalrelics.Theprojectendedin1980,itwasconsideredasuccess.Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuture,buttheyhadalsolearnedthateq\a\vs4\al(10)waspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.Keeping2.a3.across4.possibly5.listening6.preparation7.wassigned8.where9.countless10.it三、單元語法小練Ⅰ.按提示完成句子Motheristhepersonwhomakesgreatcontributionstothefamily(為家庭做出很大貢獻(xiàn))．Theplatform(站臺(tái))isaplacewherewewaitforandboardthetrain(我們等車并且上車的地方)．TheSpringFestivalisatimewhenthefamilymembersunite(家庭成員聚到一起)．Thedictionaryisatoolwhich/thathelpsus(to)learnalanguage(能幫助我們學(xué)習(xí)語言)．Themobilephoneisamachinewhosefunctionispowerful(功能強(qiáng)大)．TheEnglishCornerisanactivitywherewecanpracticeourspokenEnglish(我們可以練習(xí)口語)．Ⅱ.用正確的關(guān)系詞填空SomepeoplethinkthatConfucius(孔子),wholivedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks(筷子)．Manywesternersthat/whocametoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealize