2025【寒假伴學營】高三英語《鞏固復習》第02講選擇性必修一~選擇性必修二詞匯（練習）含答案及解析

第02講選擇性必修1~選擇性必修2詞匯考點目錄01模擬基礎練【題型一】易考單詞變形【題型二】核心單詞拼寫02重難創(chuàng)新練【題型一】閱讀詞匯和短語【題型二】完形詞匯和短語03真題實戰(zhàn)練題型一易考單詞變形1．（23-24高三·福建·期末）(occupy)withscientificresearch,hecouldn’tsparetimetokeepcompanywithhisfamily.2．（23-24·上海·期中）TonyLeungplaysthepartofa(reject)loverperfectlyandgivesoffanairofbeingsadwithouteverreallybeingpathetic(可悲的).3.（23-24高三·江蘇·高三模擬）Whenthesoldierreturnedtohishometownafterthewar,hefoundithadchangedbeyondall(recognize).4．（23-24高三·廣東·高三名校聯(lián)考）Thereisnoconclusive(prove)thatcreaturesfromouterspacedoexist.5.（2023高三·全國·專題練習）Theterm“stooper”wascoinedintheUSafteralotofpeopleputtheirusedorunderused(belong)infrontoftheirdoorstepstobetakenawayforfreebythoseinneed.6．（2024·北京豐臺·二模）ThePortofShanghaihasbeenthebusiestintheworldfor14yearsrunningafter(overtake)thePortofSingaporein2010.7.（2024·江蘇·模擬預測）Followingthebarbecue-inducedtravelcrazetothecityofZiboinEastChina,Chinesesocialmediahasonceagainhighlightedthenextinternet-famouscityworthyof(explore).8.（2024·江蘇·模擬預測）KnownasTianshuiMalatang,which(literal)meansspicyandhot,thelocaldishispopularforitslargeportionofskeweredmeat,vegetables,andhand-madepotatonoodlesinapotofboilingbroth(肉湯).9.（2024·浙江杭州·二模）Canthosetoolsreallymaximizeyourworkoutbenefits?Therealquestionssurroundnotthe(wear),butthewearer.10.（2024·浙江杭州·二模）Dependingonwhatthosegoalsare,theremightbewaystoachievethemthataremorecost(effect),morefun,moreconvenient.10.（2024·廣東梅州·一模）ThemostpopularplaceistheHarbinIceandSnowWorld,whichislikeafrozenDisneyland,andyoucanseethebigiceandsnowcastles,cartoonsculpturesandenjoythebiggest(vary)ofsnowsportsandactivitiesintheworld.11.（2024·河北滄州·一模）Thelaunchsuccessfullydeliveredthreecommercialsatellitesintotheplannedorbitabout460kilometersabovetheEarth,furtherhighlightingthe(mature)andstabilityoftheZQ-2carrierrocket,andalsomarkingastepforwardforthecompanyandChina’scommercialaerospaceindustry.12.（2024·湖南·二模）Jiangsu,knownforitsuniqueblendofinnovationandpreservation,isatruetreasure.Iwas(incredible)fortunatetojourneythroughthecitiesofSuzhouandNanjing,bothofwhichleftmefascinatedwiththeirtrueimpressivenessandeagerlylongingtoexplorefurther.（2024·湖南·二模）AsIadventuredintotheheartofthecity,theOldTown’sancientwaterwaysledmeonan(explore)ofhistory,andtheclassicalgardensofferedaglimpseintoastoriedpast.14．（23-24高三·全國·模擬測試）Theboywasabouttosubmithimselftodesperation,whenateamof(conserve)workersrushedtohelp.15．（23-24高三·全國·模擬預測）Theworkshopwillfrequentlyallowvisitorstowatchthe(restore)worktakeplace.題型二核心單詞拼寫1.（23-24高三·廣東廣州·模擬）Ifyouneedtohandlea(微妙的)situation,youshouldbehavewisely.2．（23-24高三·重慶·階段練習）Itisvitaltohavead(有活力的)personality.3．（22-23高三·河北唐山·階段練習）She(濫用)herpositionasprincipalbygivingjobstoherfriends.4．（2024·陜西西安·一模）Itishumannaturethatwetendtomakean(評估)oftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdecisionsallthetime.5．（23-24高三·陜西西安·期末）Ashewasnotallowed(陪伴)hertotheshops,hewroteoutalistofitemsforher.6．（23-24高三·江蘇蘇州·階段練習）It’seasytobedistractedandletyourattention(走神)withthephoneathand.7．（23-24高三·江蘇蘇州·階段練習）Asisoftenthecase,(貧困)andpoorhealthoftengohandinhand.8．（23-24高三·陜西西安·期中）Thejudge’s(結論)wasthatMr.Smithwasinnocent.9．（22-23高三·黑龍江佳木斯·期中）Theyaresistersbuttheyd(不同)fromeachotherinmanyways.10．（2023·湖南株洲·模擬預測）Sofar,no(科學的)studieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.

題型一閱讀詞匯和短語閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2024·浙江金華·二模）We’veallexperiencedthesenseofuneasethattheendofaholidayweekendoftenbrings.1Mondaymorningafteraholidayweekendrepresentsapsychologicalshiftfromfreedomandrelaxationtopressureandobligations.Ourmindsandbodies,accustomedtotherhythmoftheholiday,resistthesuddenchange.2ScheduleyourMondaymorningsothatyou’vegotsomeuninterruptedtimetoconcentrate.Researchersfoundthatpeoplelostsignificanttimewhentheyswitchedfromonetasktoanother.3Giveyourselfanhourormoreoftimetoconcentrateandeitheraccomplishoneofyourmostimportanttasksortakethetimetoplantherestofyourweek.Wherepossible,focusyouruninterruptedMondaymorningtimeonataskoractivityyougenuinelyenjoy.4Givingyourselfevenaslightamountofpositiveanticipationcanmakeadifference.5Thiscouldbeaworkout,meditation,orawalkduringlunch.Goingfromthatlevelofphysicalactivitytosittingatadeskcanbementallytaxing,sodosomethingduringthedaythatbreaksupthephysicalboredom.TheMondayafteraholidayweekendwon’tfeellikeaparty.Butwithafewsimplesteps,youcanreduceagoodbitofthedreadthattypicallyaccompaniesthefirstdaybackatwork.A．Buttherearewaystoreducetheanxiety.B．IncludeawellnessactivityinyourMondayroutine.C．Themorecomplicatedthetasks,themoretimewaslost.D．Itcouldbeacreativeproject,acollaborativemeeting,oranythingelse.E．Having“acaseoftheMondays”ismorethanjustaculturalstereotype.F．OverloadingyourMondaywithtasksisaguaranteedwaytoreducefear.G．It’sallaboutmentallypreparingyourself,settinggoals,andvisualizingtheweekahead.題型二完形詞匯和短語閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。（2024·山東·一模）LiCheng,20,acollegestudentandengineeringenthusiastfromSouthwestChina’sChongqing,ismakingwavesbyturninghisdreamsintoreality.Employinghisknowledge,insightsand16,LihasinventedagroundbreakingBraille(盲文)dotdisplay17fortheblind.Named“Argus”,thefirstbunchoftheBrailledotdisplayisexpectedtobe18thissummer.LisaidhisideaforArguswastracedbacktotheendofhisfreshmanyearin2021.Oneday,whenhewasreadinganovelonhisphone,aseriesofquestions19hismind:“Howdo20impaired(受損的)peopleread?HowcanIhelpthemout?”His21ledtoresearchonthetopic,includinginteractingwiththosewhoexperienceddaily22.However,whenheputhisideaintopractice,theexpensivematerialjumpedintheway.Inthepastyear,Li’steamhasmanagedto23costsby40percentafterroundsoftrialand24,andeventuallysucceededinreconstructingadevicethatoverturnsthe25physicalapproachtothepresentelectromagneticapproach.Thefirst-generationArgusis26between8,000to10,000yuan,withplanstointroduceamore27entry-levelversionwithbasicfunctions.28,LiplanstodevotethreetofiveyearstoboostArgus.Overseaspromotionisalsoscheduledfornextyear,with29tointegratethecoretechnology—high-densitytactilesensing(高密度觸覺傳感)—intovirtualrealityapplicationsandpotentiallydevelop30companionrobots,withtheaimofimprovingpeople’sdomesticlives.16．A．sympathy B．faith C．contribution D．occupation17．A．celebrated B．a(chǎn)djusted C．tailored D．a(chǎn)dvocated18．A．proved B．handled C．a(chǎn)warded D．released19．A．clouded B．struck C．sharpened D．changed20．A．mentally B．behaviorally C．visually D．socially21．A．honesty B．determination C．bravery D．curiosity22．A．a(chǎn)ctivities B．exercise C．performance D．challenges23．A．increase B．reduce C．control D．estimate24．A．incident B．error C．competition D．interruption25．A．previous B．comprehensive C．scientific D．systematic26．A．listed B．measured C．priced D．calculated27．A．official B．a(chǎn)ffordable C．satisfactory D．intelligent28．A．Thinkingback B．Movingaround C．Steppingaside D．Lookingahead29．A．services B．responsibilities C．a(chǎn)mbitions D．requirements30．A．household B．commercial C．medical D．educational（2023·新高考I卷閱讀理解B篇）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.OvertheyearsJohnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.7.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.2.（2024·浙江卷1月閱讀理解A篇）TomSawyerPlayIsanAdventureA35-minutehand-clapping,foot-stompingmusicalversionofaMarkTwainfavoritereturnswiththisTallStacksfestival.“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure”hasallthegoodstuff,includingthefencepainting,thegraveyard,theislandandthecave.ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.That’sthelocalstagewritingteamthatcreatesmanyoftheChildren’sTheatreofCincinnati’soriginalmusicals,alongwiththeholidayfamilymusicalsatEnsembleTheatre.ThisyearNathanTurnerofBurlingtonisTomSawyer,andRobbieMcMathofFortMitchellisHuckFinn.Tumer,a10th-graderatSchoolforCreativeandPerformingArts,isafamiliarpresenceonCincinnati’sstages.HeisastaractorofChildren’sTheatre,havingplayedleadingrolesin“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”and“TheWizardofOz,”andisfreshfromJerseyProduction“Ragtime”.McMathisajunioratBeechwoodHighSchool.Hewasinthecastof“TomSawyer”whenitwasfirstperformedandisaChildren’sTheatreregular,withfiveshowstohiscredit.ThissummerheattendedKentucky’sGovernor’sSchoolfortheArtsinMusicalTheatre.Notetoteachers:Children’sTheatrehasastudyguidedemonstratinghowmathandsciencecanbetaughtthrough“TomSawyer.”Fordownloadablelessons,visittheofficialwebsiteofChildren’sTheatre.1.Whowrotethemusicfor“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure”?A.DavidKisor. B.JoeMcDonough.C.NathanTurner. D.RobbieMcMath.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwoactors?A.Theystudyinthesameschool. B.Theyworkedtogetherin”Ragtime“.C.Theyareexperiencedonstage. D.Theybecamefriendstenyearsago.3.WhatdoesChildren’sTheatreprovideforteachers?A.Researchfunding. B.Trainingopportunities.C.Technicalsupport. D.Educationalresources.

第02講選擇性必修1~選擇性必修2詞匯考點目錄01模擬基礎練【題型一】易考單詞變形【題型二】核心單詞拼寫02重難創(chuàng)新練【題型一】閱讀詞匯和短語【題型二】完形詞匯和短語03真題實戰(zhàn)練題型一易考單詞變形1．（23-24高三·福建·期末）(occupy)withscientificresearch,hecouldn’tsparetimetokeepcompanywithhisfamily.【答案】Occupied【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他忙于科學研究，抽不出時間來陪伴家人。主語he與動詞occupy“使忙于”構成邏輯上的被動關系，使用過去分詞表示被動，作狀語，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Occupied。2．（23-24·上?！て谥校㏕onyLeungplaysthepartofa(reject)loverperfectlyandgivesoffanairofbeingsadwithouteverreallybeingpathetic(可悲的).【答案】rejected【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：梁朝偉完美地扮演了一個被冷落的戀人，他散發(fā)出一種悲傷的氣息，但并不真的可悲?？仗幾鞫ㄕZ，是非謂語動詞，與其邏輯主語lover之間是被動關系，用過去分詞表被動。故填rejected。3.（23-24高三·江蘇·高三模擬）Whenthesoldierreturnedtohishometownafterthewar,hefoundithadchangedbeyondall(recognize).(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】recognition【詳解】考查名詞。句意：當那位士兵戰(zhàn)后回到家鄉(xiāng)時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)變得面目全非了。作賓語，應用名詞recognition，短語beyondallrecognition表示“面目全非”。故填recognition。4．（23-24高三·廣東·高三名校聯(lián)考）Thereisnoconclusive(prove)thatcreaturesfromouterspacedoexist.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】proof【詳解】考查名詞。句意：沒有確鑿的證據(jù)表明外太空生物確實存在。作主語，應用名詞proof，根據(jù)上文is可知為單數(shù)。故填proof。5.（2023高三·全國·專題練習）Theterm“stooper”wascoinedintheUSafteralotofpeopleputtheirusedorunderused(belong)infrontoftheirdoorstepstobetakenawayforfreebythoseinneed.【答案】belongings【詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：“stoop”一詞是在美國創(chuàng)造的，因為很多人把他們使用過或未充分利用的物品放在家門口，然后被有需要的人免費帶走。空處作賓語，名詞belonging“所有物”符合題意，該詞常用復數(shù)形式。故填belongings。6．（2024·北京豐臺·二模）ThePortofShanghaihasbeenthebusiestintheworldfor14yearsrunningafter(overtake)thePortofSingaporein2010.【答案】overtaking【解析】考查動名詞。句意：自2010年超過新加坡港以來，上海港已連續(xù)14年成為世界上最繁忙的港口。動詞overtake意為“超過”，在介詞after后應用動名詞形式作賓語。故填overtaking。7.（2024·江蘇·模擬預測）Followingthebarbecue-inducedtravelcrazetothecityofZiboinEastChina,Chinesesocialmediahasonceagainhighlightedthenextinternet-famouscityworthyof(explore).【答案】exploration【解析】考查名詞。句意：繼燒烤引發(fā)的淄博旅游熱潮之后，中國社交媒體再次強調了下一個值得探索的網(wǎng)紅城市。此處使用名詞作賓語，需要的詞義為“探索”，即exploration，它為不可數(shù)名詞，故填exploration。8.（2024·江蘇·模擬預測）KnownasTianshuiMalatang,which(literal)meansspicyandhot,thelocaldishispopularforitslargeportionofskeweredmeat,vegetables,andhand-madepotatonoodlesinapotofboilingbroth(肉湯).【答案】literally【解析】考查副詞。句意：被稱為“天水麻辣燙”，字面意思是辛辣和熱的，這道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一鍋沸騰的湯中而廣受歡迎。使用副詞作狀語修飾動詞means，需要的詞義為“字面上”，故填literally。9.（2024·浙江杭州·二模）Canthosetoolsreallymaximizeyourworkoutbenefits?Therealquestionssurroundnotthe(wear),butthewearer.【答案】wearable【解析】考查形容詞。句意：真正的問題不在于可穿戴設備，而在于穿戴者本身。分析句子成分，根據(jù)句意可知，空處考查“定冠詞+形容詞”，表示一類人或事物。本句指的是可穿戴設備，用the+wearable。故填wearable。10.（2024·浙江杭州·二模）Dependingonwhatthosegoalsare,theremightbewaystoachievethemthataremorecost(effect),morefun,moreconvenient.【答案】effective【解析】考查形容詞。句意：根據(jù)目標的不同，可能會有一些成本更低、更有趣、更方便的方法來實現(xiàn)這些目標。分析句子成分可知，空處為形容詞形式，和下文“fun、convenient”并列，作表語。故填effective。10.（2024·廣東梅州·一模）ThemostpopularplaceistheHarbinIceandSnowWorld,whichislikeafrozenDisneyland,andyoucanseethebigiceandsnowcastles,cartoonsculpturesandenjoythebiggest(vary)ofsnowsportsandactivitiesintheworld.【答案】variety【解析】考查副詞。句意：幾乎所有用于該節(jié)日的冰都是從哈爾濱的松花江上切下來的。分析句子，設空處使用副詞作狀語，修飾句子，意為“幾乎”。同時該空置于句首，開頭單詞首字母大寫。故填Nearly。11.（2024·河北滄州·一模）Thelaunchsuccessfullydeliveredthreecommercialsatellitesintotheplannedorbitabout460kilometersabovetheEarth,furtherhighlightingthe(mature)andstabilityoftheZQ-2carrierrocket,andalsomarkingastepforwardforthecompanyandChina’scommercialaerospaceindustry.【答案】maturity【解析】考查名詞。句意：同上。分析句子，設空處使用mature的名詞maturity作賓語，與后文的stability構成并列。故填maturity。12.（2024·湖南·二模）Jiangsu,knownforitsuniqueblendofinnovationandpreservation,isatruetreasure.Iwas(incredible)fortunatetojourneythroughthecitiesofSuzhouandNanjing,bothofwhichleftmefascinatedwiththeirtrueimpressivenessandeagerlylongingtoexplorefurther.【答案】incredibly【解析】考查副詞。句意：我非常幸運地穿越了蘇州和南京，這兩個城市都讓我著迷于它們真正令人印象深刻的地方，并渴望進一步探索。修飾形容詞fortunate應用副詞。故填incredibly。（2024·湖南·二模）AsIadventuredintotheheartofthecity,theOldTown’sancientwaterwaysledmeonan(explore)ofhistory,andtheclassicalgardensofferedaglimpseintoastoriedpast.【答案】exploration【解析】考查名詞。句意：當我大膽探索進入城市中心時，老城區(qū)古老的水道帶領我探索歷史，古典花園讓我得以一瞥歷史悠久的過去。根據(jù)前文onan可知，此處應用其名詞單數(shù)作介詞賓語。故填exploration。14．（23-24高三·全國·模擬測試）Theboywasabouttosubmithimselftodesperation,whenateamof(conserve)workersrushedtohelp.【答案】conservation【解析】考查名詞。句意：小男孩正準備屈服于絕望，這時一隊自然保護工作者沖過來幫忙。conservationworker是固定用法，意為“保護工作者”，因此空格處應用名詞conservation，作定語。故填conservation。15．（23-24高三·全國·模擬預測）Theworkshopwillfrequentlyallowvisitorstowatchthe(restore)worktakeplace.【答案】restoration【解析】考查名詞。句意：車間將經(jīng)常允許游客觀看修復工作的進行。作定語修飾work，應用名詞restoration，不可數(shù)。故填restoration。題型二核心單詞拼寫1.（23-24高三·廣東廣州·模擬）Ifyouneedtohandlea(微妙的)situation,youshouldbehavewisely.【答案】delicate【解析】考查形容詞。句意：如果你需要處理一個微妙的情況，你應該表現(xiàn)得明智?？崭裉幱眯稳菰~作定語，修飾名詞situation，“微妙的”的形容詞是delicate，故填delicate。2．（23-24高三·重慶·階段練習）Itisvitaltohavead(有活力的)personality.【答案】dynamic/ynamic【解析】考查形容詞。句意：有活力的個性是至關重要的。根據(jù)漢語意思提示可知，此處為形容詞dynamic“有活力的”作定語修飾personality，滿足句意要求。故填dynamic。3．（22-23高三·河北唐山·階段練習）She(濫用)herpositionasprincipalbygivingjobstoherfriends.【答案】abused【解析】考查動詞。句意：她濫用校長的職權，給朋友提供工作。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，空處應用動詞abuse，結合語境可知，動作發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。故填abused。4．（2024·陜西西安·一模）Itishumannaturethatwetendtomakean(評估)oftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdecisionsallthetime.【答案】assessment/evaluation【解析】考查名詞。句意：我們總是傾向于對決策的利弊進行評估，這是人類的本性。根據(jù)漢語提示可知應用名詞evaluation或assessment，作賓語，不定冠詞提示用單數(shù)。故填evaluation/assessment。5．（23-24高三·陜西西安·期末）Ashewasnotallowed(陪伴)hertotheshops,hewroteoutalistofitemsforher.【答案】toaccompany【解析】考查動詞。句意：由于不允許他陪她去商店，他就給她列了一張購物清單。根據(jù)漢語提示可知應填動詞accompany，且上文為短語beallowedtodosth.。故填toaccompany。6．（23-24高三·江蘇蘇州·階段練習）It’seasytobedistractedandletyourattention(走神)withthephoneathand.【答案】wander【解析】考查動詞。句意：手機在手邊很容易分心，讓你的注意力分散。這里是letsb./sth.dosth.結構，省略to的不定式作賓補，所以空處應用動詞原形。結合漢語提示，這里應用不及物動詞wander。故填wander。7．（23-24高三·江蘇蘇州·階段練習）Asisoftenthecase,(貧困)andpoorhealthoftengohandinhand.【答案】poverty【解析】考查名詞。句意：貧窮和健康狀況不佳往往相伴而行，這是常有的事。根據(jù)漢語提示可知應填名詞poverty，作主語，不可數(shù)。故填poverty。8．（23-24高三·陜西西安·期中）Thejudge’s(結論)wasthatMr.Smithwasinnocent.【答案】conclusion【解析】考查名詞。句意：法官的結論是史密斯先生是無辜的。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，空處需用名詞作主語；conclusion結論，可數(shù)名詞，符合題意；由空后was可知，空處名詞需用其單數(shù)形式。故填conclusion。9．（22-23高三·黑龍江佳木斯·期中）Theyaresistersbuttheyd(不同)fromeachotherinmanyways.【答案】differ/iffer【解析】考查動詞。句意：她們是姐妹，但在許多方面彼此不同。根據(jù)首字母和漢語提示可知，動詞differ符合題意，differfrom“與……不同”是固定短語；空處為第二個分句的謂語動詞，陳述客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語they是復數(shù)，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。故填differ。10．（2023·湖南株洲·模擬預測）Sofar,no(科學的)studieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.

【答案】scientific【解析】考查形容詞。句意：到目前為止，沒有科學研究表明魚翅對健康有好處。分析句子結構可知，本空填形容詞scientific，意為“科學的”，作定語，修飾名詞studies。故填scientific。題型一閱讀詞匯和短語閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2024·浙江金華·二模）We’veallexperiencedthesenseofuneasethattheendofaholidayweekendoftenbrings.1Mondaymorningafteraholidayweekendrepresentsapsychologicalshiftfromfreedomandrelaxationtopressureandobligations.Ourmindsandbodies,accustomedtotherhythmoftheholiday,resistthesuddenchange.2ScheduleyourMondaymorningsothatyou’vegotsomeuninterruptedtimetoconcentrate.Researchersfoundthatpeoplelostsignificanttimewhentheyswitchedfromonetasktoanother.3Giveyourselfanhourormoreoftimetoconcentrateandeitheraccomplishoneofyourmostimportanttasksortakethetimetoplantherestofyourweek.Wherepossible,focusyouruninterruptedMondaymorningtimeonataskoractivityyougenuinelyenjoy.4Givingyourselfevenaslightamountofpositiveanticipationcanmakeadifference.5Thiscouldbeaworkout,meditation,orawalkduringlunch.Goingfromthatlevelofphysicalactivitytosittingatadeskcanbementallytaxing,sodosomethingduringthedaythatbreaksupthephysicalboredom.TheMondayafteraholidayweekendwon’tfeellikeaparty.Butwithafewsimplesteps,youcanreduceagoodbitofthedreadthattypicallyaccompaniesthefirstdaybackatwork.A．Buttherearewaystoreducetheanxiety.B．IncludeawellnessactivityinyourMondayroutine.C．Themorecomplicatedthetasks,themoretimewaslost.D．Itcouldbeacreativeproject,acollaborativemeeting,oranythingelse.E．Having“acaseoftheMondays”ismorethanjustaculturalstereotype.F．OverloadingyourMondaywithtasksisaguaranteedwaytoreducefear.G．It’sallaboutmentallypreparingyourself,settinggoals,andvisualizingtheweekahead.【答案】1．E2．A3．C4．D5．B【導語】這篇文章是一篇說明文。文章通過介紹一系列具體的策略，指導讀者如何更好地管理時間，減輕壓力，以及提高工作效率和個人幸福感。1．根據(jù)上文“We’veallexperiencedthesenseofuneasethattheendofaholidayweekendoftenbrings.(我們都經(jīng)歷過周末假期結束時的不安。)”可知，本句承接上文，解釋“周一綜合癥”這種現(xiàn)象。故E選項“‘周一綜合癥’不僅僅是一種文化刻板印象”符合語境，故選E。2．根據(jù)上文“Mondaymorningafteraholidayweekendrepresentsapsychologicalshiftfromfreedomandrelaxationtopressureandobligations.Ourmindsandbodies,accustomedtotherhythmoftheholiday,resistthesuddenchange.(周末假期后的周一早上，代表著一種心理轉變，從自由和放松轉向壓力和義務。我們的思想和身體，習慣了假期的節(jié)奏，抵制突然的變化。)”以及后文介紹了緩解“周一綜合征”的方法，可知，本句與上文構成轉折關系，指出表明盡管存在這種普遍的不安感，但有方法可以減輕它，從而直接回應了前文提出的情況，故A選項“但是有一些方法可以減輕這種焦慮。”符合語境，故選A。3．根據(jù)上文“ScheduleyourMondaymorningsothatyou’vegotsomeuninterruptedtimetoconcentrate.Researchersfoundthatpeoplelostsignificanttimewhentheyswitchedfromonetasktoanother.(安排好周一早上的時間，這樣你就有一些不受干擾的時間來集中精力。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當人們從一項任務切換到另一項任務時，他們會浪費大量時間。)”可知，前文討論了減少焦慮的方法后，一個自然的延伸是討論任務管理和時間分配的效率，本句說明復雜任務導致的時間損失問題，直接回應了前文提出的在工作中集中注意力的重要性。故C選項“任務越復雜，浪費的時間就越多?！狈险Z境，故選C。4．根據(jù)上文“Wherepossible,focusyouruninterruptedMondaymorningtimeonataskoractivityyougenuinelyenjoy.(在可能的情況下，把周一早上不受打擾的時間集中在你真正喜歡的任務或活動上。)”可知，前文提到尋找工作中的樂趣可以減輕焦慮之后，接下來的問題是如何具體實現(xiàn)這一點。故D選項“它可以是一個創(chuàng)造性的項目，一個合作會議，或者其他任何東西?！狈险Z境，故選D。5．根據(jù)后文“Thiscouldbeaworkout,meditation,orawalkduringlunch.Goingfromthatlevelofphysicalactivitytosittingatadeskcanbementallytaxing,sodosomethingduringthedaythatbreaksupthephysicalboredom.(這可以是鍛煉，冥想，或者在午餐時間散步。從那種水平的體育活動到坐在辦公桌前可能會讓精神上很費力，所以白天做點什么來打破身體上的無聊。)”可知，本段的主旨是通過添加活動來緩解周一綜合征。故B選項“在你周一的日常安排中加入一項健康活動?！狈险Z境，故選B。題型二完形詞匯和短語閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。（2024·山東·一模）LiCheng,20,acollegestudentandengineeringenthusiastfromSouthwestChina’sChongqing,ismakingwavesbyturninghisdreamsintoreality.Employinghisknowledge,insightsand16,LihasinventedagroundbreakingBraille(盲文)dotdisplay17fortheblind.Named“Argus”,thefirstbunchoftheBrailledotdisplayisexpectedtobe18thissummer.LisaidhisideaforArguswastracedbacktotheendofhisfreshmanyearin2021.Oneday,whenhewasreadinganovelonhisphone,aseriesofquestions19hismind:“Howdo20impaired(受損的)peopleread?HowcanIhelpthemout?”His21ledtoresearchonthetopic,includinginteractingwiththosewhoexperienceddaily22.However,whenheputhisideaintopractice,theexpensivematerialjumpedintheway.Inthepastyear,Li’steamhasmanagedto23costsby40percentafterroundsoftrialand24,andeventuallysucceededinreconstructingadevicethatoverturnsthe25physicalapproachtothepresentelectromagneticapproach.Thefirst-generationArgusis26between8,000to10,000yuan,withplanstointroduceamore27entry-levelversionwithbasicfunctions.28,LiplanstodevotethreetofiveyearstoboostArgus.Overseaspromotionisalsoscheduledfornextyear,with29tointegratethecoretechnology—high-densitytactilesensing(高密度觸覺傳感)—intovirtualrealityapplicationsandpotentiallydevelop30companionrobots,withtheaimofimprovingpeople’sdomesticlives.16．A．sympathy B．faith C．contribution D．occupation17．A．celebrated B．a(chǎn)djusted C．tailored D．a(chǎn)dvocated18．A．proved B．handled C．a(chǎn)warded D．released19．A．clouded B．struck C．sharpened D．changed20．A．mentally B．behaviorally C．visually D．socially21．A．honesty B．determination C．bravery D．curiosity22．A．a(chǎn)ctivities B．exercise C．performance D．challenges23．A．increase B．reduce C．control D．estimate24．A．incident B．error C．competition D．interruption25．A．previous B．comprehensive C．scientific D．systematic26．A．listed B．measured C．priced D．calculated27．A．official B．a(chǎn)ffordable C．satisfactory D．intelligent28．A．Thinkingback B．Movingaround C．Steppingaside D．Lookingahead29．A．services B．responsibilities C．a(chǎn)mbitions D．requirements30．A．household B．commercial C．medical D．educational【答案】16．A17．C18．D19．B20．C21．D22．D23．B24．B25．A26．C27．B28．D29．C30．A【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。詳細介紹了大學生李成發(fā)明的一種盲文點陣顯示器，這種創(chuàng)新為視力受損的人提供了閱讀的新方式。16．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：利用他的知識、洞察力和同情心，李發(fā)明了一種為盲人量身定制的突破性點陣盲文顯示器。A.sympathy同情；B.faith信仰；C.contribution貢獻；D.occupation職業(yè)。根據(jù)前文“Employinghisknowledge,insightsand”可知，空處和knowledge以及insights并列，結合選項，“sympathy同情”符合語境。故選A項。17．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：利用他的知識、洞察力和同情心，李發(fā)明了一種為盲人量身定制的突破性點陣盲文顯示器。A.celebrated慶祝；B.adjusted調整；C.tailored專門制作；D.advocated提倡。根據(jù)后文“Howdo5impaired(受損的)peopleread?HowcanIhelpthemout?”可知，這個是LiCheng專門為盲人開發(fā)的設備。故選C項。18．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第一批被命名為“Argus”的點陣盲文顯示器預計將于今年夏天發(fā)布。A.proved證明；B.handled處理；C.awarded授予；D.released公開。根據(jù)后文“Overseaspromotionisalsoscheduledfornextyear”可知，明年海外發(fā)行，所以第一批是今年夏天發(fā)布。故選D項。19．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，當他在手機上讀一本小說時，一系列問題突然出現(xiàn)在他的腦海里。A.clouded使變暗淡；B.struck突然想到；C.sharpened使銳利；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文“Howdo5impaired(受損的)peopleread?HowcanIhelpthemout?”可知，應是突然想到一系列問題。故選B項。20．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：視障人士是如何閱讀的?A.mentally精神上；B.behaviorally行為上；C.visually視覺上；D.socially社會上。根據(jù)前文“LihasinventedagroundbreakingBraille(盲文)dotdisplay2fortheblind.”可知，是專門為盲人開發(fā)的，所以此處是他好奇視障人士是如何閱讀的?故選C項。21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的好奇心促使他對這個課題進行研究，包括與那些每天都經(jīng)歷挑戰(zhàn)的人交流。A.honesty誠實；B.determination決心；C.bravery勇敢；D.curiosity好奇心。根據(jù)前文“Howdo5impaired(受損的)peopleread?HowcanIhelpthemout?”可知，是LiCheng的好奇，讓他開始研究這個課題。故選D項。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的好奇心促使他對這個課題進行研究，包括與那些每天都經(jīng)歷挑戰(zhàn)的人交流。A.activities活動；B.exercise鍛煉；C.pe