Unit 2 核心詞匯變式練（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE1Unit2核心詞匯變式練（原卷版）教材核心詞匯知識(shí)鏈接及典例解讀教材核心詞匯知識(shí)鏈接及典例解讀一、relaxedadj.放松的:自在的教材原句Haveyoueverwalkedintoaroomandfeltrelaxed?你曾經(jīng)走進(jìn)一個(gè)房間并且感到很放松嗎?常見(jiàn)用法relaxed是形容詞，在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),意為"放松的:自在的",般修飾人。Hewaslyinginthesun,lookingveryrelaxed他正躺在陽(yáng)光下，看起來(lái)很輕松。聯(lián)想拓展①relax作動(dòng)詞,意為"放松:(使)冷靜"。Forgetyourworriesandrelaxyourself.忘記你的擔(dān)憂，放松自己。②relaxing是形容詞，在句中通常作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，意為“令人輕松的",通常用來(lái)形容物。Myfatherlikeslisteningtorelaxingmusic.我爸爸喜歡聽(tīng)令人放松的音樂(lè)。典例解讀1.Thepeacefulmusicwillmakeyoufeelr.答案relaxed2.Afterthe_______vacation,everystudentfeels_______.A.relaxing;relaxed B.relaxed;relaxing C.relaxing;relaxing【答案】A【詳解】句意：在輕松的假期后，每個(gè)學(xué)生都感到輕松。考查形容詞辨析。relaxing令人放松的，修飾物；relaxed感到放松的，修飾人。第一處修飾物vacation，用relaxing；第二處修飾人student，用relaxed。故選A。3.—Themid-termexamiscomingsoon,andI’msonervousaboutit.HowcanIsolvetheproblem?—Don’tworry!The________youare,the________mistakesyouwillmake.A.morerelaxing;fewer B.morerelaxed;less C.morerelaxed,fewer【答案】C【詳解】句意：——期中考試快到了，我很緊張。我該如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題？——?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心！你越放松，犯的錯(cuò)誤就越少。考查形容詞辨析。relaxing令人放松的，用來(lái)修飾事物；relaxed放松的，用來(lái)修飾人，句中you指人，故用morerelaxed；fewer修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；less修飾不可數(shù)名詞，句中mistakes為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故用fewer修飾。故選C。二、preferv.寧愿選擇;更喜歡教材原句Peopleincoldareaspreferwarmcoloursintheirhomestocreateawarmandcomfortablefeeling,寒冷地區(qū)的人們更愿意在家里使用暖色來(lái)創(chuàng)造種溫暖、舒適的感覺(jué)。常見(jiàn)用法prefer意為"寧愿選擇:更喜歡"，相當(dāng)于like...better,它的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為preferred,動(dòng)詞ing形式為preferring.Ipreferredfishtobeefinthepast.過(guò)去，比起牛肉，我更喜歡魚(yú)肉。背例句學(xué)搭配Iprefertoworkratherthansitaround.我寧愿工作也不愿閑坐。Sheprefersdoingtotalking.比起說(shuō)他更喜歡做。固定搭配prefertodosthratherthandosth寧愿做某事而不愿做某事。preferdoingsthtodoingsth比起做某事更喜歡做某事典例解讀1.Mikereadingplayingcomputergames.A.prefers;than B.prefers;to C.wouldrather;than D.wouldrather;to解析句意為:比起玩電腦游戲，邁克更喜歡讀書(shū)。preferdoingsthtodoingsth意為"比起做某事更喜歡做某事"，為固定用法。答案B2.Kittyprefers_______butSandywouldrather_______.A.toskate;skiing B.skating;toskiC.toskate;ski D.skating;skiing【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：基蒂更喜歡滑冰，但桑迪寧愿滑雪。Prefertodosth更喜歡做某事；wouldratherdosth寧愿做某事，所以選C，考點(diǎn)：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。3.--Whichdoyou___________,trousersoraskirt?--I_____weartrousers.Idon’tlikeskirtsA.wouldrather,prefer B.prefer,wouldratherC.wouldrather;wouldrather D.prefer;prefer【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：--褲子和裙子，你喜歡哪一個(gè)？--我更喜歡褲子。我不喜歡裙子。分析：考查固定短語(yǔ)wouldratherdosth.寧愿做什么；prefertodosth.更喜歡做什么，同時(shí)兩者之間的選擇用prefer.結(jié)合選項(xiàng)第二項(xiàng)正確。故選B考點(diǎn)：考查同義短語(yǔ)的辨析。三、influencev.影響教材原句Somepeoplebelievethatcolourscaninfluenceourmoods.一些人認(rèn)為顏色能夠影響我們的心情。常見(jiàn)用法influence既可作名詞也可作動(dòng)詞，意為“影響”，指對(duì)行動(dòng)、思想、性格等產(chǎn)生的不易察覺(jué)的、潛移默化的影響。Hisinfluencewassobigthatitinfluencedhertochoosefuturejobs.他的影響力如此大以至于響了她選擇未來(lái)的工作。背例句學(xué)搭配Myfatherinfluencedmetoacceptthejob.在父親的影響下，我接受了這份工作。Youngpeoplearequicklyinfluencedbynewideas,年輕人很快地受到新思想的影響。Heathaspowerfulinfluenceonvegetation,熱量對(duì)植物有很大的影響。固定搭配①influencesbtodosth影響某人做某事②beinfuencedby.......影響③haveaninfluenceonsb/sth對(duì)某人/某事有影響典例解讀1.Thatis________yourexperience________yourcharacteristics.A.what;influences B.how;influencesC.why;influence D.how;influence【答案】B【詳解】句意：那就是你的經(jīng)歷是如何影響你的性格的。考查關(guān)系副詞及主謂一致。根據(jù)“Thatis…yourexperience…yourcharacteristics.”可知，本句是表語(yǔ)從句，experience“經(jīng)歷”，是可數(shù)名詞，這里為單數(shù)，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以influence應(yīng)加“s”，排除C、D選項(xiàng)；what“什么”，how“怎樣、如何”，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，可知是你的經(jīng)歷是如何影響你的性格的，A選項(xiàng)語(yǔ)意不通，因此排除；故選B。2.—People,especiallytheyoung,________bytheirfriends.—That’strue.Friendsplayanimportantpartineveryone’slife.A.easilyinfluences B.easilyinfluencedC.areeasilyinfluenced D.willbeeasilyinfluenced【答案】C【詳解】句意：——人，尤其是年輕人，很容易被朋友影響?！鞘钦娴摹Ｅ笥言诿總€(gè)人的生活中都起到重要的作用。

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。influence影響，分析句子可知，本句陳述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)people是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，people是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，用aredone被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C。四、cheerup使振作起來(lái)教材原句Itcancheeryouupwhenyouarefeelingsad.它能在你感到悲傷的時(shí)候使你振作起來(lái)。常見(jiàn)用法cheerup為"動(dòng)詞+副詞"結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)，意為"......高興/振奮起來(lái)"，賓語(yǔ)一般是sb/oneself。人稱(chēng)代詞作其賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要放在cheer和up之間。cheerup也可意為"振作起來(lái)"。Cheerup!Everything'sgonnabealright.Cheerup!Theworstisover.振作！最壞的情況已經(jīng)過(guò)去了。典例解讀1.Johndidn'tgetthejobhewanted.Let'sgoand.A.turnhimdown B.callhimbackC.cheerhimup D.lethimdown解析句意為:約翰沒(méi)有得到他想要的工作。咱們___.turnhimdown意為“拒絕他”;callhimback意為“叫他回來(lái)”:cheerhimup意為“讓他振作起來(lái)”:lethimdown意為“讓他失望"。由第句話可知此處表示"讓他振作起來(lái)“，故選C項(xiàng)。答案C2.—Lilyissadbecauseshedidn’tpasstheexamination.—Let’s.A.cheerupher B.cheerherupC.cheerforher D.cheerherfor【答案】B【詳解】句意：——莉莉很傷心因?yàn)樗荚嚥患案瘛！屛覀兪顾褡髌饋?lái)。cheerup使……振作起來(lái)，這是由動(dòng)詞和副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，代詞賓語(yǔ)要放在兩詞之間；cheerfor為…喝彩叫好，為……鼓勁加油。這是由動(dòng)詞和介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)要放在兩詞之后。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，所以選B。3.—ThecinemasinHarbinareopennow.Let’sgotothemovies.—Really?Thenewsreally________everyone.A.cheersup B.putsup C.fixesup【答案】A【詳解】句意：——哈爾濱的電影院現(xiàn)在開(kāi)放了。我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍?。——真的？哈爾濱的電影院現(xiàn)在開(kāi)放了。確實(shí)使大家高興起來(lái)。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。cheersup使高興；putsup舉起；fixesup修理；根據(jù)“ThecinemasinHarbinareopennow.”可知，哈爾濱的電影院現(xiàn)在開(kāi)放了。由此可推斷，這消息使大家高興起來(lái)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。五、remindv.提醒;使想起教材原句Yellowisthecolourofthesun,soitcanremindyouofawarmsunnyday.黃色是太陽(yáng)的顏色，所以它能使你想起溫暖、陽(yáng)光明媚的一天。常見(jiàn)用法remind為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“提醒;使想起”。背例句學(xué)搭配Pleaseremindmetocallmymotherintheaftemoon.請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐蚁挛缃o我媽媽打電話。Sheremindedmeoftheschooldays.她使我想起在學(xué)校的時(shí)光。Theteacherremindedmethat1shoulddotheexercisesatonce.老師提醒我應(yīng)該立即做練習(xí)。固定搭配①remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事②remindsbofsth使某人想起某事③remind+that從句提醒....典例解讀1.那部電影使我想起了我的童年。答案Themovie/filmreminds/remindedmeofmychildhood.2.Whathesaidremindedme_______myoldfriendJack.A.for B.of C.with D.to【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：他的話使我想起了我的老朋友杰克。For為；of……的；with和；to到。remindsbofsth是一個(gè)固定用法，所以選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查介詞。3.Thephotoremindshimhisoldgrandma.A.in B.at C.of D.with【答案】C【詳解】句意：這張照片使他想起了他的老奶奶。考查介詞的用法。根據(jù)固定短語(yǔ)remindsb.of…“使某人想起……”，可知用介詞of。故選C。4.Yellowcanremindpeopleawarmday.A.to B.ofC.on D.about【答案】B【詳解】句意：黃色能夠使人們想起溫暖的日子。to到某地；of…的；on在…上面；about關(guān)于，大約。這句話中使用的短語(yǔ)是remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事。故應(yīng)選B。六、requirev.需要;要求教材原句Ifyourequirestrengthineitherbodyormind,redmaybeofsomehelptoyou.如果你的身體或心理需要力量，紅色可能對(duì)你有些幫助。常見(jiàn)用法require為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“需要;要Finishingthatjobreallyrequiresalotofcourage.完成那項(xiàng)工作的確需要很多的勇氣。背例句學(xué)搭配Herequiredmetofinishthejobintwodays.他要求我在兩天之后完成這份工作。Yourcomputerrequiresrepairing/toberepaired.你的電腦需要修理一下。固定搭配1.requiresbtodosth要求某人做某事2.requiredoing=requiretobedone需要被做典例解讀1.Allthemembersare(require)toattendthemeeting.解析由空前的are及語(yǔ)境可知此處為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填required。答案required2.Yourclothesrequire________.Theyaretoodirty.A.tobewashed B.beingwashed C.towash【答案】A【詳解】句意：你的衣服需要洗。它們太臟了。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。requiretodosth.“需要去做某事”；主語(yǔ)是yourclothes，此處表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，requiretobedone“需要被做……”。故選A。3.NowwastefromdailylifeinthecityofSuzhou________tobeseparatedintofourdifferentgroups.A.isrequiring B.isrequired C.wasrequired D.required【答案】B【詳解】句意：現(xiàn)在，蘇州市的日常生活垃圾需要分成為四類(lèi)。考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)“waste”與動(dòng)詞“require”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系可知，此處應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除選項(xiàng)A和D；根據(jù)句前的now可知，此處應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，排除選項(xiàng)C。故選B。4.Theteacherrequiresallstudents_________ashorttest.A.take B.took C.totake D.taking【答案】C【詳解】句意：老師要求所有的學(xué)生參加一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的測(cè)試。考查固定搭配。A.take動(dòng)詞原形，B.took過(guò)去式，C.totake動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，D.taking動(dòng)詞-ing形式。takeatest意為“參加測(cè)試”。require意為“需要，要求，想要”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：requiresb.todosth.意為“要求某人做某事”。故選C。七、havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事費(fèi)勁教材原句Thismayhelpwhenyouarehavingdifficultymakingadecision.當(dāng)你做決定有困難時(shí),這可能會(huì)有所幫助。常見(jiàn)用法havedifficulty(in)doingsth意為“做某事有困難”，可與havetrouble/problems(in)doingsth互換,其與havedifficulty/problems/troublewithsth同義;havemuch/great/alotof/nodifficulty(in)doingsth意為“做某事有很大/沒(méi)有困難”。Ihadhisaddress,SoIhadnodifficultyfindinghishome.我有他的地址,所以找到他家沒(méi)有困難。Hesaidhehadsomeproblemswithhispronunciation.他說(shuō)他發(fā)音有些問(wèn)題。聯(lián)想拓展與havedifficulty(in)doingsth相似的其他短語(yǔ):①bebusydoingsth忙于做某事②spendsometime(in)doingsth花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事③stop/prevent/keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事④feellikedoingsth想要做某事⑤can'thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事⑥havefundoingsth做某事很高興⑦h(yuǎn)aveagood/hardtimedoingsth做某事很開(kāi)心很艱難典例解讀1.-Doyouhaveanydifficulty(chat)withyourdeafuncle?No.Hisbodylanguagehelpsmeunderstandhimwell.解析句意為:一你與你耳聾的叔叔聊天費(fèi)勁嗎?一不費(fèi)勁。他的肢體語(yǔ)言能幫助我很好地理解他。havedifficultdoingsth表示”做某事費(fèi)勁"。chat的現(xiàn)在分詞形式為chatting。答案chatting2.WhenIwasintheUSA,Ihaddifficulty______English,soIoftenaskPaul____help.A.tounderstand,with B.understanding,forC.tounderstand,for D.understanding,with【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意:當(dāng)我在美國(guó)的時(shí)候，我在理解英語(yǔ)上有些困難，因此我經(jīng)常向Paul求助。第一個(gè)空使用的句型是havedifficultydoingsth.做某事有困難，因此第一個(gè)空應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式；第二個(gè)空是短語(yǔ)asksb.forhelp向某人求助。故選B。考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)名詞和介詞。3.Ihavesomedifficulty______English.Couldyouhelpme?A.learn B.learning C.tolearn D.tolearning【答案】B【解析】句意：我學(xué)英語(yǔ)有些困難。你能幫我嗎？短語(yǔ)havedifficultydoingsth.意為“做某事有困難”，因此本句應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式learning。故選B。4.Tomhasdifficulty________Chinesesoheasksme________help.A.tounderstand;with B.understanding;ofC.tounderstand;for D.understanding;for【答案】D【詳解】句意：湯姆很難理解漢語(yǔ)，所以他向我求助。

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和介詞辨析。tounderstand理解，動(dòng)詞不定式；with和……一起；understanding理解，現(xiàn)在分詞形式；of……的；for為了……。根據(jù)“Tomhasdifficulty...Chinesesoheasksme...help.”可知，“在某方面有困難”用短語(yǔ)havedifficulty(in)doingsth.，第一空用understanding；“向某人尋求幫助”是asksb.forhelp，第二空用介詞for。故選D。

八、promisev.承諾;允諾教材原句Wepromisethatthistherapycanhelpyouchangeyourmoods,oryouwillgetyourmoneyback!我們承諾這種療法可以幫助你改變常見(jiàn)用法promise此處作及物動(dòng)詞,意為”承諾;允諾",其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或從句等作賓語(yǔ)。Ipromiseyouabigcake,Linda.琳達(dá),我答應(yīng)給你一個(gè)大蛋糕。聯(lián)想拓展promise也可作名詞，意為“承諾:許話。makeapromise意為“許下諾言";keepapromise意為“信守諾言";breakapromise意為“違背諾言”典例解讀1.當(dāng)爸爸承諾給我買(mǎi)一個(gè)iPad的時(shí)候，我多激動(dòng)啊!答案WhenmyfatherpromisedtobuymeaniPad,howexcitedIwas!2.ThestudentsinClass6Apromise__________rubbishinthepublicarea.A.leaves B.leaving C.notleave D.nottoleave【答案】D【詳解】句意：6A班的學(xué)生承諾不在公共區(qū)域扔垃圾。本題考查的是固定搭配，不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)在to前面加not，promisenottodosth意為“承諾不做某事”，故答案選D。3.Pansymadeapromise_____anarticleondetectives.A.write B.towrite C.writing D.wrote【答案】B【詳解】句意：潘西答應(yīng)寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于偵探的文章。A.write寫(xiě)，動(dòng)詞原形； B.towrite寫(xiě)，動(dòng)詞不定式； C.writing寫(xiě)，動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞形式； D.wrote寫(xiě)，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。makeapromisetodosth.表示答應(yīng)做某事，是固定短語(yǔ)。故選B。4.Canyoupromise_______late______schoolagain,Tom?Yes,ofcourseIcan.A.don’tbe;for B.notbe;at C.nottobe;at Dnottobe;for【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：你能承諾不再上學(xué)遲到了嗎？湯姆?！堑模?dāng)然我能。Promise后接帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)，其否定表達(dá)是在to的前面加not。At表示在一點(diǎn)；for為了，對(duì)于，表示目的原因等；短語(yǔ)belatefor遲到，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知選D。考點(diǎn)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及介詞辨析點(diǎn)評(píng)：英語(yǔ)中有的動(dòng)詞后面接不帶to的不定式，如：使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞；有的接帶to的不定式，這需要在學(xué)習(xí)中不斷積累，加強(qiáng)練習(xí)。英語(yǔ)介詞的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是一詞多義，并且介詞間語(yǔ)義交叉現(xiàn)象很多，習(xí)慣用法也很多，有時(shí)很難從詞義上區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。故學(xué)習(xí)中要注意不斷總結(jié)，熟記一些介詞和動(dòng)詞的固定搭配用法及習(xí)慣用法，是完成此類(lèi)問(wèn)題的捷徑。綜合提升變式練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.—I’mverytiredthesedaysbecauseoftheseniorhighschoolentranceexamination.—Whynot__________music?Itcanmakeyou__________.A.listento;relaxed B.tolistento;relaxedC.listento;relax D.tolistento;torelax2.IfeelverywhenIlistentomusic.A.relaxing;relaxing B.relaxing;relaxedC.relaxed;relaxing D.relaxed;relaxed3.Listento____musicalwaysmakesme_______.A.relaxed;relaxing B.relaxedrelaxed C.relaxingrelaxed4.—Whatdoyouwanttodoinyourvacation?—Iwanttodo________.A.somethingrelaxing B.somethingrelaxed C.relaxingsomething5.Ratherthan________toschoolonabus，Ipreferred________abike.A.togo;toride B.go;ridingC.going;toride D.go;toride6.AtweekendsMillieprefers______athometo______out.A.stay;going B.staying;goC.staying;going D.tostay;go7.Ratherthantoschoolbybus，Ipreferredabikethere.A.togo;toride B.go;ridingC.going;toride D.go;toride8.MyEnglishteacher________mealotsinceshebegantoteachus.A.influences B.influenced C.isinfluencing D.hasinfluenced9.—LinTaoreadtheOrdinaryWorld________LuYaolastterm.—Yes.Andthebookhadagreatinfluence________hislife.A.from;by B.by;on C.by;for D.as;to10.VanGoghhadgreatinfluence______thedevelopmentofmodernpainting.A.for B.on C.at D.in11.—Youusedtoswimalot，didn'tyou?—________.Andithadagreat________onmyhealth.A.Yes,Idid;decision B.Yes,Idid;influenceC.No,Ididn't;result D.No,Ididn't;problem12.Theteacher'swordswereencouragingand________me,soIdecidedtoplanmylifecarefullyandhaveanewstart.A.getonwellwith B.hadaninfluenceonC.tookpridein D.gotusedto13.Sandyisinabadmood.Weshouldbuyagiftforherto____________A.giveherup B.cheerherupC.wakeherup D.cheerupher14.ItseemsthatJimmyisfeelingbadabouttheexam.Heneedsto_______.A“C”isnottheendoftheworld.A.cheerhimselfup B.calmhimselfdownC.lethimselfdown D.warmhimselfup15.—I’msosorry,Mum.Ifailedinthemonthlytestagain.—Dear,__________.Bettertimesarewaitingforyou.A.Noway B.Bestwishes C.Cheerup D.Goodjob16.Thisphotoremindsme_________thedayswhenIworked_________thefarmwithmyclassmates.A.about,in B.of,onC.about,on D.of,in17.ThisphotoremindsmethedayswhenIworkedthefarmwithmyfriends.A.about;in B.about;onC.of;in D.of;on18.InmosthighschoolsinUS,studentsa