2022中考閱讀理解熱點話題練 專題34 身體部位（解析版）

PAGE10PAGE92022中考閱讀理解熱點話題練專題34身體部位Passage1（2017·湖南衡陽·中考真題）閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項回答問題。Yourbodyisspecial—notwopeopleintheworldarealike.Althoughyouaredifferentfromeveryoneelse,youhaveexactlythesamebodypartsasthepeoplearoundyou,doingdifferentjobsthatkeepallofusalive.Whatisinsidemyhead?Yourheadhousesthemostvaluablepartofyourbody—yourbrain.Asyouarereading,youreyessendpicturestoyourbrainwhichmakesmeaningfromwhatyousee.Yourbrainhelpsyoutorememberandthink,andmakesureyourbodyisdoingwhatitshould.Whatismyskinfor?Yourskincoversyourbody.Inmostpartsofyourbody,theskinisjustasthickashalfacentimeter.Ifyouhaveyourskincut,itwillhaveaquickcureandstopviruses(病毒)fromenteringyourbody.Yourskinalsohelpsyoufeeltheheatandcoldnessoftheenvironmentaroundyou.Hairgrowsfrominsidetheskin.Whenyoufeelhot,extraheatcomesoutthroughyourskin.Asaresult,yourbodytemperaturedrops.HowdoImove?Muscles(肌肉)arefoundinmostpartsofyourbody.Theyworkwithyourbonestohelpyoualot—wheneveryoucryorsmile,eatorspeak,walkordance,etc.WhydoIbreathe?Yourbodyneedstotakeinoxygenfromtheairandgiveouttheunwantedcarbondioxideinthebody.Whenyoubreathe,aircomesthroughyournoseandmouthintoyourlungswhereoxygenflowstodifferentpartsofyourbody.Whatdoesmyheartdo?Yourheartisaveryspecialmuscle.Itisslightlybiggerthanyourfist(拳頭)andgrowsbiggerasyoudo.Ifyouplaceyourhandonyourheart,youwillfeelyourheartbeatingwhichforcesbloodtomovearoundyourbody.1．Whichpartofyourbodyhelpsyoutorememberandthink?A．Head. B．Heart. C．Skin.2．Theunderlinedword“houses”inthepassageprobablymeans________.A．creates B．stores C．builds3．Ifyouhavenoskincoveringyourbody,whatwouldhappen?A．Ourbodycanbeguardedbyourhair.B．Virusescan’tenterourbodyeasily.C．Wecan’tfeelthechangesintemperature.4．Whatistruefactaboutyourbody?A．Yourheartisnotthesamesizefrombirth.B．Wetakeincarbondioxidetostayalive.C．Ourmusclesstopworkingwhenwenod.5．Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．WhatYourBodyNeedsB．HowYourBodyWorksC．WhenYourBodyMovesPassage2（2017·山東濟南·中考真題）Nowadays,wearehavingamuchbusierlife,andweareusingoureyesmorethaneverbefore.Soweoftenhavetiredeyesafteraday’sworkorstudy.Herearesomegoodmethodsofprotectingeyesagainsttirednesstokeepthemhealthy.POSTURE（坐姿）Getintothehabitofpayingattentiontothewayyousit.Trytosticktotheproperposturethatdoctorssuggest.HELPFULPICTURESTherearesomespecialpicturesonlinethatcanhelprelaxyoureyes.Youmaydownloadsuchpicturestoyourcomputerorsmartphone.Whenthereisnothingfarawayyoucanlookattorelaxyoureyes,youcanuseoneofthesepictures.Apicturewithsomethinglikeatunnel（隧道）initisquitepopular.Trytolookasfarintothetunnelasyoucanfor30seconds（秒）.Doyoufeelbetter?BREAKSThe20-20-20rule:takeabreakfromthescreenevery20minutesfor20secondsandlookatsomething20feet（about6meters）away.EYEEXERCISESStep1.Sittingcomfortably,imaginethereisaclockinfrontofyouandturnyoureyesupto12o’clock.Pause（停頓）forasecond,andthenloweryoureyesto6o’clock.Pauseagain,andthenrepeatthisstep10times.Completetheexercisebycuppingyourhandsoveryoureyesforafewseconds,lettingthemrestinthedarkness.Step2.Lookatsomethingontheright.Keepyoureyesonitandslowlyturnyourheadtotheleftasfaraspossible.Thendothesamethingontheleft.Repeattheexerciseacoupleoftimes.Step3.Holdyourfingerinfrontofyournoseandkeeplookingatit.Slowlymovethefingertowardsyourselfascloseasyoucanwithoutlosingfocus（焦點）.Thenlookoutsidethewindowasfaraspossible.Repeatthisseveraltimes.SPORTSTabletennisisaboutasmallballtravelingathighspeed—thebestsporttotrainyoureyesandrelaxthemuscles（肌肉）inandaroundtheeyes.Othersportsliketennis,badmintonandkiteflyingarealsogreatforrelaxingtiredeyes.6．WhichofthefollowingmethodsofprotectingeyesisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Havingtheproperposture. B．Lookingatsomethinggreen.C．Followingthe20-20-20rule. D．Playingsomekindsofsports.7．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingpicturescanhelprelaxyoureyes?A． B． C． D．8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”referto（指代）?A．Youreyes. B．Yourhands.C．Thedoctors. D．Theexercises.9．Asforeyeexercises,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．InStepl,youmusthavealargeclockinfrontofyou.B．InStep2,youshouldturnleftwhenyoulooktotheright.C．InStep3,youshouldmoveyourfingerasfarasyoucan.D．Afterfinishingeachstep,youshouldrepeatitafewtimes.10．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Wemusttakeabreakevery20minutes. B．Howtodoeyeexercisesproperly.C．Waystoprotecteyesagainsttiredness. D．Peoplehavetiredeyesveryeasily.Passage3（2021·廣西貴港·中考真題）Humanshavemanyorgans（器官）,butyoucanenjoylotsofthingsbecauseofyourears.Doyouknowhowtheearswork?Theearhasthreeparts:theouterear（外耳）,themiddleearandtheinnerear（內(nèi)耳）.Theouterearisthepartyoucansee.Itcollectssoundsaroundyou.Thesoundsthentraveldowntothemiddleear,theinnerearandthentoyourbrain.Yourearsneverstopworking,evenwhenyouareasleep!Inotherwords,yourearscontinuehearingsounds,butyoucan’thearthesoundsjustbecauseyourbrainignoresthem.Butearsdomorethanhear.Theyhelpyoukeepbalanced（平衡的）,too.Intheinnerear,thereareorgansthatarefilledwithliquid（液體）andcoveredwithsmallhairs.Whenyoumoveyourhead,theliquidandhairsmove,too.Theysendmessagestoyourbrainaboutthepositionofyourhead.Moresurprisingly,earsevenhelptotastefood.Ofcourse,youdon’tactuallytastefoodwithyourears.Buttherearenerves（神經(jīng)）runningthroughthemiddleearthatconnectthetongue（舌頭）tothebrain.Ifsomethinghappenstoyourears,youmighthaveahardtimetellingdifferenttastes.Theearsaretrulyimportantorgans.Weshouldprotectourearswell.11．Howmanypartsdoestheearhave?A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignores”meaninChinese?A．依賴 B．暗示 C．重視 D．忽略13．Besideshearing,whatelsecanearsdo?A．Helptastefoodandtellcolors.B．Helpkeepbalancedandtellcolors.C．Helpkeepbalancedandtastefood.D．Helpkeepbalancedandwakepeopleup.14．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Theinnerearscancollectsoundsaroundyou.B．Yourearsstopworkingwhenyouareasleep.C．Ifsomethinghappenstoyourears,youmighttelldifferenttasteseasily.D．Theorgansintheinnereararefilledwithliquidandcoveredwithsmallhairs.15．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howearswork. B．Whatearscanhear.C．Howweprotectears. D．Whereearssendmessagesto.Passage4（2021·四川達州·中考真題）Withhereyesfeelingincreasinglytiredandhervisionblurry(視力模糊的),16-year-oldTianTingwenttothehospitalwithherparentsinJanuary.Shewasshockedwhenshefoundoutthathereyesightdroppedfrom5.0to4.6inonlyaterm.“Afewofmyfriendshavehadthesameexperiencelately,”Tiansaid.Infact,pooreyesightamongChineseprimaryandhighschoolstudentsrosefrom59.2percentto70.6percentinthefirstsixmonthsof2020,accordingtotheMinistryofEducation.Toprotectstudents’eyesight,theChinesegovernmenthasworkedoutnewrequirements(要求)forschoolsupplies(供應(yīng)品)andequipmentsthatwilltakeeffect(生效)onMarch1,2022.Forexample,accordingtotherequirements,thesizeoftextinstudents’textbooksshouldbenosmallerthannine-point.Teachersshouldalsotrynottouseprojectors(投影儀)orothermultimediaequipments(多媒體設(shè)備)thataretoobright,BeijingDailyreported.Therearealsorequirementsfordesksandclassroomlights.Forexample,theselightsshouldgiveoff(散發(fā))aslittlebluelightaspossible.Bluelightisbadforoureyes,asitcankillthephotoreceptorcells(光感器細(xì)胞)weneedforvision,accordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool.Manyoftheelectronicdevicesweuseeveryday,likeourphonesandcomputerscreens,giveoffbluelight.Chinesegovernmenthasalsotakenotherstepstoprotectstudents’eyesightinChina.InMay2020,theNationalHealthCommissionurgedschoolstomakesurethatstudentshaveatleasttwohoursofoutdooractivityaday.16．Inthefirsthalfof2020,therewere________ofstudentsbecomingshort-sighted.A．0.4% B．11.4% C．59.2% D．70.6%17．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．schoolsusetextbookswiththesmallersizeoftextB．teachersuseover-brightmultimediaequipmentsC．studentsaremadesuretohavefewerthantwohoursofoutdooractivityadayD．schoolsuselightsthatgiveofflessbluelight18．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Howtoprotectusfromillness. B．Howtohaveoutdooractivity.C．Howtouseelectronicdevices. D．Howtoprotectstudents’eyesight.Passage5（2021·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）Everybodyhasabrain,butnotmanypeopleknowhowthebrainworks.Somepeoplebelievethatthebrainisliketheharddiskofacomputer.Weuseittostorefiles—pictures,language(words,texts,sounds)andsoon.Otherscomparethebraintoahugecupboardwithlotsofshelvesandboxesinit.Weputinformationintotheseboxesandhopetofinditagainlater.ThebrainisnotAcomputerdisk,Anditisn’tacupboard.Lookatthepicturehere.Itlooksabitlikeweeds（雜草）inagarden,doesn’tit?Thepictureactuallyshowsachild’sneocortex—apartofthebrainthatcontrolssightandhearing.Youcanguesswhathappens—more“weeds”growasthechildgetsolder.Scientistscalltheseneuronal（神經(jīng)元的）networks.Thenetworksgrowaroundourneurons.-Whatmakesthemgrow?Learning!“Learningisbrainchange,”saysProfessorJamesZullfromCaseWesternUniversityinCleveland,Ohio,USA．“Withoutlearning,nothingchangesinthebrain.ForeverynewwordyoulearninyourEnglishlesson,everyproblemyousolveinmaths,everynewsongyoulearntosing,aneuronalnetworkgrowsinyourbrainandthebrainchanges.”Themoreneuronalnetworkswegrow,thebetterwecanthinkandthebetterweremember.Youmaywonderifthereisanythingyoucandotomakethenetworksinyourbraingrowbetter.ProfessorZullsaysyes,thereis.Hesaysthatbrainchangeisstrongestwhena)youareinterestedinandlikewhatyouarelearning,b)youareincontrolofwhatyoulearnandc)yougetchallengingtasksthatmakeyouthinkhard.Understandingachallengingtaskmakesyoufeelgoodanddevelopsyourbrain.19．What’sthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A．Thebrain—afantasticcomputer. B．Whatpeoplebelieveaboutthebrain.C．Howtomakeyourbrainstronger. D．Ourbrain—agrowingsystem.20．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage2?A．Learningmakesourneuronalnetworksgrow. B．Seeingachallengingtaskdevelopsourbrain.C．Werememberbetterwhenthingsareeasy. D．There’snothingwecandotomakeussmarter.21．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Interestisthebestteacher B．Meetinglife’schallengesC．Nevertoolatetolearn D．LearningisbrainchangePassage6（2021·河北·石家莊市第四十中學(xué)二模）Beingateenagercanbechallenging,butitcanalsobeexciting.You’rebecomingmoreindependentandmakingdecisionsforyourself.Youarealsolearningtotakerisksandsolveproblemsbetterthanyoucouldbefore.Andchangesarehappeningthroughoutyourbody,eveninyourbrain.Youcan’tseethechangesinyourbrain,butthey’reaffectinghowyoudevelopintoanadult.Atthistimeinyourlife,thereisaprocessgoingoninsideyourbrainthatmakesitworkfasterandmoreefficiently.Imaginethatthestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofyourbrainislikeabigroadmap.Therearelotsofroadsleadingtodifferentdestinations(終點).Whenyouwereachild,asyoulearnednewthings,yourbraincreatedmoreandmoreroadsleadingtodifferentdestinations.Bythetimeyoubecomeateenager,themostimportantplacesonthemaphavemanydifferentroadsleadingtothem.Nowyourbrain’sjobistomakethatmapmoreefficient.Itremovestheroadsthatyoudon’tneedandworkstomaketheotherroadsfaster.Asaresult,yourexperiencesasateenageractuallyaffectthewaythatyourbraindevelops.Ifyouspendhoursplayingvideogames,whatskillstoyouuse?Youlearntoseesomethingwithyoureyesandrespond(回應(yīng))toitwithyourhands,right?Asyoudevelopthoseskills,yourbrainismakingsurethattheroadsleadingtothemareespeciallyfastandefficient.So,yourvideogameplayingcouldbepreparingyouforacareersuchasafighterpilot,orevenasurgeon(外科醫(yī)生).Thisisagreattimeforyoutopracticenewskillsanddiscoverwhatyou’regoodatandwhatyoulovedoing.Gooutandtrydifferentactivities,andstickwiththemifyouthinkthey’reuseful.Rememberthatwitheverythingyoudo,you’reshapingyourbrainforthefuture.22．Beingateenagercanbeexcitingbecause________.A．youcanseethechangesinyourbrain B．you’reafraidofmakingbigdecisionsC．youneedn’tlearnnewthings D．youcanlearntosolveproblemsbetterthanbefore23．Whenlearningnewthingsasachild,yourbraincreateslotsofroadsleadingto________.A．samedestinations B．a(chǎn)specificgoal C．differentactivities D．differentdestinations24．Theunderlinedword“efficient”inthepassageprobablymeans“________”.A．easy B．special C．helpful D．hard25．Ifyouplayvideogameswell,youmaybegoodat________inthefuture.A．raisinganimals B．cookingdinners C．flyingplanes D．givingspeeches26．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ShapingYourFuture B．ProtectingYourBrainC．ImprovingLearningSkills D．PlayingVideoGamesPassage7（2021·河北·石家莊市第二十八中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測）Manyofusdon’tpaymuchattentiontotheimportanceofeyecare.Itissaidthatifyoutakecareofyourbody,thenyoucansurelybehealthy.Thatiswhyoureyesshouldbegivenalotofcare.Naturaleyecareshouldbeputinthefirstplace.Thereareseveralcausesleadingtopooreyesightlikenoteatingenoughfood,genes（基因）andaging（老化）.Televisions,computersandreadingarealsothecausesofhavingpooreyesight.Ifyouhappentoworkinfrontofacomputer,you’dbettertakeabreakeveryonceinawhile.Somethingdirtycancauserednessanditwillmakeyoufeeluncomfortable.Itisbadforyoureyes,too.Ifthishappens,thebestwayistocleanyoureyesbyusingcoldwater.Youmustalsotryyourbesttoprotectyoureyesfromharmfulthings.Forexample,sunglassesarenotjustforfashionbuttheycanalsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesightfromUVrays.Eatinghealthyfoodwilldogoodtoyoureyesight.RememberthatvitaminsA,CandEaregoodforeyes.Trytoeatfoodgroupsthathavethesevitamins.Andyoushoulddoeyeexercisesbecausetheyprotectyoureyesight,too.Ifapersonexercisesregularly（定期地）andeatstherightkindoffood,hiseyeswillstayingoodconditionforalongtime.Allabovearenaturalwaysofeyecarethathelpuskeephealthyeyes.Beinghappyallthetimecanbehelpfultoaperson’seyesight,too.Inaword,eyecareisveryimportant,nomatterhowoldapersonis.27．AllthefollowingcausescanleadtopooreyesightEXCEPT________.A．computers B．a(chǎn)ging C．reading D．height28．Whatshouldyoudoifyouhavetoworkinfrontofacomputeraccordingtothetext?A．Havearestafterworkingforawhile. B．Eathealthyfood.C．Cleaneyesbyusingcoldwater. D．Wearapairofsunglasses.29．________isthemostimportantwaytoprotectoureyes.A．Takingmedicine B．Naturaleyecare C．Seeingthedoctor D．Beinghappyallthetime30．Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．WaysofEyeCare B．WaysofEyeExercisesC．WaysofBeingHappy D．WaysofBeingHealthyPassage8（2021·山東·單縣教學(xué)研究室三模）Yourbodyisspecial—notwopeopleintheworldarealike.Althoughyouaredifferentfromeveryoneelse,youhaveexactlythesamebodypartsasthepeoplearoundyou,doingdifferentjobsthatkeepallofusalive.Whatisinsidemyhead?Yourheadhousesthemostvaluablepartofyourbody—yourbrain.Asyouarereading,youreyessendpicturestoyourbrainwhichmakesmeaningfromwhatyousee.Yourbrainhelpsyoutorememberandthink,andmakessureyourbodyisdoingwhatitshould.Whatismyskinfor?Yourskincoversyourbody.Inmostpartsofyourbody,theskinisjustasthickashalfacentimeter.Ifyouhaveyourskincut,itwillhaveaquickcure(治愈)andstopviruses(病毒)fromgettingintoyourbody.Yourskinalsohelpsyoufeeltheheatandcoldnessoftheenvironmentaroundyou.Hairgrowsfrominsidetheskin.Whenyoufeelhot,extra(額外的)heatcomesoutthroughyourskin.Asaresult,yourbodytemperaturedrops.HowdoImove?Muscles(肌肉)arefoundinmostpartsofyourbody.Theyworkwithyourbonestohelpyoumove—wheneveryoucryorsmile,eatorspeak,walkordance,etc.WhydoIbreathe?Yourbodyneedstotakeinoxygen(氧氣)fromtheairandgiveouttheunwantedcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)inthebody.Whenyoubreathe,aircomesthroughyournoseandmouthintoyourlungs(肺)whereoxygencomestodifferentpartsofyourbody.Whatmakesmesneeze?Whendust(灰塵)orastrongsmellgetsintoyournose,yousneeze.Thisisthewayyourbodycleansupthedustinyournose.Yourlungspushouttheairandtrytoclearyournose.Whatdoesmyheartdo?Yourheartisaveryspecialmuscle.Itisalittlebiggerthanyourfist(拳頭)andgrowsbiggerasyoudo.Ifyouplaceyourhandonyourheart,youwillfeelyourheartbeating,whichmakesbloodmovearoundyourbody.31．InParagraph3,“houses”means________.A．stores. B．locks. C．creates32．Ifyouhaveyourskincut,itwillcurequicklyand________.A．extraheatcanonlystayinsideourbody B．virusescan’tgetintoourbodyeasily C．wecan’tfeelthechangesintemperature33．Whatisthetruefactaboutyourbody?A．Ourheartisthesamesizefrombirth. B．Wetakeincarbondioxidetostayalive. C．Sneezingisawaytoclearournose.34．Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．WhatYourBodyNeeds B．WhenYourBodyMoves C．HowYourBodyWorksPAGE8PAGE7參考答案1．A2．B3．C4．A5．B【分析】你的身體是特別的，世界上沒有兩個人是一樣的，盡管你和其他人不同，你和你周圍的人有著完全相同的身體部分，做著不同的工作，讓我們所有人都活著，該文具體介紹了各個身體部位的功能。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合第三段“Yourbrainhelpsyoutorememberandthink,andmakesureyourbodyisdoingwhatitshould”可知，我們的大腦幫助我們記憶思考。故選A。2．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Yourheadhousesthemostvaluablepartofyourbody-yourbrain”可推測，腦袋里有身體最有價值的東西——大腦。又知store的意思是“儲存”；creating意為“創(chuàng)造”；build意思是“建造”，所以此處應(yīng)選stores，故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyouhaveyourskincut...Asaresult,yourbodytemperaturedrops”可知，皮膚可以阻擋細(xì)菌進入身體，可以幫你感知冷暖，可以幫你降溫。所以此處應(yīng)選Wecan'tfeelthechangesintemperature。故選C。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Itisslightlybiggerthanyourfistandgrowsbiggerasyoudo”可知，心臟隨著身體的成長而成長，所以選項A是正確的。根據(jù)“Yourbodyneedstotakeinoxygenfromtheair”可知，身體需要的是氧氣，所以選項B是錯誤的。根據(jù)“Theyworkwithyourbonestohelpyoumove”可知，你的肌肉與骨頭幫著你活動，所以選項C是錯誤的。故選A。5．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文通過大腦、皮膚、肌肉、噴嚏、呼吸等方面闡述了我們的身體是如何工作的，所以標(biāo)題應(yīng)為“HowYourBodyWorks”。故選B。6．B7．D8．A9．D10．C【分析】本文主要講述了保護眼睛避免疲勞的幾種方法。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Getintothehabitofpayingattentiontothewayyousit.”，“The20-20-20rule:takeabreakfromthescreenevery20minutesfor20secondsandlookatsomething20feet（about6meters）away.”以及“Tabletennisisaboutasmallballtravelingathighspeed—thebestsporttotrainyoureyesandrelaxthemusclesinandaroundtheeyes.”可知，文中提到要有正確的坐姿、遵循20-20-20制度以及做一些運動，B選項“看綠色的東西”沒有提到。故選B。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Apicturewithsomethinglikeatunnelinitisquitepopular.”可知，可以看一幅像隧道一樣的畫來讓眼睛放松，D選項的畫符合。故選D。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Completetheexercisebycuppingyourhandsoveryoureyesforafewseconds,lettingthemrestinthedarkness.”可知，完成練習(xí)的方法是將手放在眼睛上幾秒鐘，讓眼睛在黑暗中休息，此處的“them”指的是眼睛。故選A。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Completetheexercisebycuppingyourhandsoveryoureyesforafewseconds”“Repeattheexerciseacoupleoftimes.”以及“Repeatthisseveraltimes.”可知，這三個步驟都應(yīng)該重復(fù)幾次，D選項表述正確。故選D。10．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了保護眼睛避免疲勞的幾種方法，所以C選項“保護眼睛不疲勞的方法”是本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。11．B12．D13．C14．D15．A【分析】本文主要介紹了耳朵的工作原理以及它的作用。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theearhasthreeparts:theouterear（外耳）,themiddleearandtheinnerear”可知，耳朵有三部分，故選B。12．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“yourearscontinuehearingsounds,butyoucan’thearthesoundsjustbecauseyourbrainignoresthem”可知，在你睡覺的時候，耳朵還在工作，只不過是大腦忽略了這些聲音，所以你聽不到它們，所以ignores表示“忽略”，故選D。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyhelpyoukeepbalanced（平衡的）,too”及“Moresurprisingly,earsevenhelptotastefood”可知，耳朵可以幫助保持平衡和品嘗食物，故選C。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Intheinnerear,thereareorgansthatarefilledwithliquid（液體）andcoveredwithsmallhairs”可知，內(nèi)耳的器官充滿了液體，并被絨毛覆蓋，D表述正確，故選D。15．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了耳朵的工作原理以及它的作用，故選A。16．D17．D18．D【分析】根據(jù)教育部的數(shù)據(jù)，在2020年上半年中，中國中小學(xué)生視力問題的人數(shù)從59.2%上升到了70.6%，為了保護學(xué)生的視力，中國政府對學(xué)習(xí)用品和設(shè)備制定了新的要求，將于2022年3月1日生效。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Infact,pooreyesightamongChineseprimaryandhighschoolstudentsrosefrom59.2percentto70.6percentinthefirstsixmonthsof2020,accordingtotheMinistryofEducation.”可知在2020年上半年，有70.6%的學(xué)生患有近視。故選D。17．觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Therearealsorequirementsfordesksandclassroomlights.Forexample,theselightsshouldgiveoffaslittlebluelightaspossible.”可知作者可能會同意學(xué)校使用藍(lán)光較少的燈。故選D。18．標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要講中國中小學(xué)生有視力問題的人數(shù)上升極快，為保護學(xué)生視力，中國政府對學(xué)習(xí)用品和設(shè)備制定了新的要求。用“Howtoprotectstudents’eyesight.”做標(biāo)題最合適。故選D。19．B20．A21．D【分析】文章介紹了大腦的工作原理以及如何使大腦成長的方法。19．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Everybodyhasabrain,butnotmanypeopleknowhowthebrainworks.”以及整段的描述可知，第一段主要是介紹人們對大腦的看法，故選B。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Learn