2022-2023學(xué)年八年級英語上學(xué)期能力提升卷(仁愛版)Unit-4-Our-world(含詳解)

2020-2021學(xué)年度仁愛版八年級英語上冊Unit4Ourworld能力提升卷學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________第I卷（選擇題）一、單選題（每小題1分,共10分) 1．（2019·河南川匯初二期末）Lilymovedtothecity3daysago.Nowshestillcan’tgetusedto____there.A．lives B．living C．tolive D．live2．（2019·河南川匯初二期末）Taiwanisabeautifulplace.Itis____thesoutheastofChina.A．in B．on C．to D．off3．（2019·湖北咸安初二期末）—It’snecessary____ourenvironment.—Iagreewithyou.A．protect B．protecting C．toprotect D．protects4．（2019·湖北咸安?初二期末）-HowcarefulJimis!-Hewrites____inourclass.A．morecareful B．mostcarefully C．mostcareful D．morecarefully5．（2019·山東初三課時練習(xí)）IfyouwanttogetmoreinformationaboutEnglishlearning,pleasevisitour_______.www.yyxx.cm.A．company B．storeC．office D．website6．（2019·全國課時練習(xí)）Don’tridetoofast,David._______theriskofanaccident.A．Takeaway B．Writedown C．Thinkabout D．Tryout7．（2019·全國初二單元測試）—_______isnoteasytodrawpictureswiththispen.—Youareright.A．There B．This C．That D．It8．（2019·全國初二單元測試）Annusedthecomputerforshopping,_______?A．usedshe B．usedn’tshe C．didshe D．didn’tshe9．（2019·全國初二單元測試）—TherearemanyoldhousesinBeijing,aren’tthere?—_______Onlyafewremainnow.A．Yes,theyare. B．No,theyaren’t.C．No,therearen’t. D．Yes,thereare.10．（2019·全國初二單元測試）Howterrible!Thetruckhitthewalltoavoidthechild.A．hurt B．tohurt C．hurts D．hurting二、完形填空（每小題1分,共10分)（2019·邢臺市第二中學(xué)初二課時練習(xí)）Ineachcountry,therearesomeplacesofinterest,likeBigBeninBritain,theGreatWallinChinaandsoon.Soyoumust11theLeaningTowerofPisa(比薩斜塔).Butdoyouknowwhyitleans(傾斜)?Itleans12amistake.In1173,peopleof13wantedtobuildabelltower.Theywantedthetowertobe14belltowerinthewholecountry.Beforepeoplefinished15thethirdfloorofit,thetowerbegantolean.Peopletriedtomakethebuilding16again.However,astheyadded(增加)morefloors,thetoweronlygot17.It18almost180yearstofinishthetower.Today,theLeaningTowerhaseightfloors.It’s54.5meterstall,anditleansabout5meterstoone19.Ifsomeonecannotthinkoutagoodway20thetower,likealltheotheroldbuildings,it’llfallapart(倒塌)inthefuture.11．A．hear B．listen C．know D．learn12．A．because B．becauseof C．so D．a(chǎn)s13．A．Pisa B．London C．Beijing D．NewYork14．A．thebeautiful B．themorebeautiful C．themostbeautiful D．mostbeautiful15．A．building B．tobuild C．built D．bebuilt16．A．lean B．straight C．straighter D．tolean17．A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst18．A．spent B．cost C．used D．took19．A．bell B．side C．floor D．way20．A．tosave B．saves C．saving D．save三、閱讀理解（每小題2分,共40分)A（2020·北京朝陽初二期末）HelptheAnimalsHipposarelargeanimalswithsmalleyesandears.InAfrica,theyliveintherivers.Buttheriversaredryingup.Thereareabout3,000hipposinthewildnow.Kakapoisthebiggestparrotintheworldanditlookslikeanowl(貓頭鷹).Thisparrotcannotfly.Therats(老鼠)killedmanyofthiskindofparrots.Nowthereareonly100left.Amanateelooksabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal(海豹).Inordertolive,themanateesswimtowherethereismorewater.Manygetstranded(擱淺)andsomearekilled.Nowthereareabout6,600left.Theaye-ayehasearslikeabat(蝙蝠)andabodylikeacat.Peoplekilledmanyofthembecausetheythinkitbringsbadluck.Thereareonly32aye-ayeinthezoos.21．Wheredohipposlive?A．Inthesea B．Inthezoos. C．Intherivers D．Intheforests.22．Howmanykakaposareleftintheworld?A．Only32. B．Only100. C．About3,000. D．About6,600.23．Whatdoesamanateelooklike?A．Ithasearslikeabatandabodylikeacat.B．Itisabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal.C．Itisalargeanimalwithsmalleyesandears.D．Itisthebiggestparrotandlookslikeanowl.B（2019·河北路北初二期中）Whydoplantsgrowinsomeplacesandnotinothers?Whydoessomelandhavesomuchgrowingonit,whileotherlandhasalmostnoplantsgrowingonitatall?Togrow,plantsneedseveralthings.Oneiswarmth.Inverycoldplacesalmostnothinggrows.Plantsalsoneedwater.Inverydrypartsoftheearthonlyafewunusualplantscangrow.That’swhydrydesertseverywherearealmostnotcoveredbytreesorgrass.Plantsmustalsohaveaplaceinwhichtoputdowntheirrootsandgrow.Theyfinditdifficulttogrowonhardland.Thetownisbuiltonhardland.Theplantsherehaveonlythesoilfoundbetweenthecracks(縫隙)ofthestonestogrowin.Anotherthingplantsmusthavebeforetheycangrowisfood.Whatwillhappenifwetrytomakethingsgrowonthesandybeach?Afewplants,suchasbeachgrass,willgrowinsand,butmostplantswon’t.Eveniftheweatheriswarmenoughandwewatertheplantseachday,manyofthemwilldiebecausethesandonthisbeachhasalmostnofoodforplants.24．Accordingtothepassage,plantsneed________thingstogrowwell.A．two B．three C．four D．five25．Fromthepassage,wecanknowitis________forplantstogrowindryplaces.A．easy B．difficult C．impossible D．important26．Thereasonwhymostplantscan’tgrowonthesandybeachisthat________.A．thereisn’tenoughsunlight B．thereistoomuchwaterC．itistoocrowdedthere D．ithaslittlefoodforplantsC（2019·南京師范大學(xué)附屬蘇州石湖中學(xué)初二）Mr.WangisateacherfromSuzhou.HeaskedhisstudentstohandintheirhomeworkthroughaQRcode(二維碼).“Wespentanhourortwoinclasslearninghowtogenerate(使產(chǎn)生)thecodes,andintheendeverythinggetseasier,”saidWang.“Whenstudentsfinishthehomework,theykeepitonWeChat(微信).Then,eachstudentmakeshisownQRcodeandgivesittome.SoIcanchecktheirworkeverywhereusingmycomputerortelephone.”TheQRcodescanbesenttoMr.Wangbyemail,QQandWeChat.WhenWangscans(掃描)hisstudents’QRcodes,theirhomeworkappearsonhisphone.Hefindsthattheirhomeworkbecomesmorecreative(創(chuàng)新的),withmanypictures,musicandevenvideos.Wang’sstudentslikethenewwayandthinkitisinteresting.“Wearelivingintheinformationage.Manystudentsliketoworkwithcomputers,whichmakeslearningmorefun.”saidTingting,astudentofWang’s.“Thepaperisnoteasytokeep,butthecodeiseasytokeepandshare.”Wangsaid.“Itisworthtryingtousenewtechnologyineducation.Educationitselfisakindofcreation.Idon’twantmystudentstofallbehindthetimes.”However,someparentsareworried.Theyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtimeoncomputersandlesstimecommunicatingwithteachers.Butinfact,it’sunnecessary.Studentsstillneedtolookupinformationinbooksandwriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework.Theyonlyusethecodewhentheyhandintheirwork,whichdoesn’ttakethemtoomuchtime.Alsoforteachers,itallowsthemtocheckthestudents’workatanytime.Andit’salsoaneasywaytosharehomeworkwithotherstudents.27．Accordingtothepassage,studentscankeeptheirhomeworkon________.A．WeChat B．QQ C．email D．blog(博客)28．Wang’sstudentsthinkthenewwayis________.A．strange B．boring C．interesting D．unnecessary29．Whatdoes“it”inParagraph4referto(指代)?A．Thepaperisnoteasytokeep. B．Keepingandsharingthecodeeasily.C．Tryingtousenewtechnologyineducation. D．Educationitselfisakindofcreation.30．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Teachersneedn’tcheckhomeworkanymore.B．Studentsneedn'thandinhomeworkanymore.C．UsingQRcodesmakescheckinghomeworkeasier.D．Someparentsareworriedabouttheirchildren.D（2020·湖南廣益實驗中學(xué)初三開學(xué)考試）There'saheatthat'ssohotyoucanliterally(不加夸張地)fryanegginthesun.ThisisaserioussidetosummerinAustraliathatyoumightnotknowabout.InFebruarythereweremorethan80differentbushfiresburningatthesametimeinNewSouthWales,asoutheasternstateofAustralia.TheGuardiannewspaperreportedthat42homeswereburnedtothegroundbecauseofthesefires.ThesehomesarenotlikeChineseones.Theyarehugefarms.ManyAustralianpropertiesarelargerthan1,000sqkm,whilethebiggestismorethan20,000sqkm,evenlargerthanBeijing!Everyfamilypreparesforbushfireseasonandprotectstheirproperty.ButsometimesthefiresaretoobigandpeoplehavetomovetosafetyThehotweatheralsocausesotherproblems.ItwassohotinFebruarythatthousandsofbats(蝙蝠)diedfromtheheat.Peoplecangetsickiftheystayoutsidefortoolongordon'tdrinkenoughwaterTheheatcanalsocausepowerproblemsforhomesandbusinessesTheheat,whichcangoabove40℃insomecities,isverydangerous.Therearelotsoftreesanddrygrassinareasfarawaythatcaneasilycatchfire.Eventhrowingaburningcigaretteoutofacarwindowcanstartadangerousfire.Thatiswhysummerisalsoknownas"bushfireseason"inAustralia.TheAustraliansummerisenjoyable.Butitisworthrememberingthattheheatcancauselotsofproblems,too.31．Accordingtothesecondandthirdparagraphs,weknowthat________.A．bushfireshappenmoreoftenonfarmsB．bushfirescancauseahugelosstopeopleC．Australianpeopleareveryrichbecauseoftheirlargefarms.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“properties”inPara.2probablymeaninChinese?A．房產(chǎn) B．山林 C．水域33．ThehotweatherinAustraliacanbringthefollowingproblemsEXCEPTthat________.A．batscandie B．electricitycangoout C．drinkingwaterrunsout34．What’sthemainideaofthefifthparagraph?A．Therearemorefireaccidentsinareasfaraway.B．Itisdangeroustosmokeinaforest.C．BushfiresinAustraliaarecommoneventsinsummer.35．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．ThehighheatisoneofthecausesofbushfiresinAustralia.B．Peoplehavenowaytofightagainstbushfires.C．TheweatherchangesalotinAustralia.E（2019·莆田市秀嶼區(qū)下嶼初級中學(xué)初二課時練習(xí)）Howdoanimalscommunicate(交流)witheachother?Theyhavespecial“l(fā)anguages”.Infact,theyareusingsignals(信號).Differentsignalshavedifferentmeanings.Forexample,whenabee(蜜蜂)findsfoodsomewhere,itflieshomequickly.Itcan’tspeak,butitcantellothersbydancing.Otherbeeswillknowwhereandhowfarthefoodis.Someanimalsshowtheirfeelingsbymakingsounds.Forexample,whenadogisangry,itbarks(吠).Atthistime,you’dbetterstayawayfromit.Birdscanmakeseveralsoundstoshowdifferentmeanings.Sometimeswehumansshowfeelingsbymakingsoundsinsteadofbyspeaking.Forexample,whenwefeelpainful(疼痛的),wecry“Oh!”or“Ouch!”.Wehumanshavelanguagesandwords.Wecancommunicatefacetofacebyspeaking.Wecanwritedownwhathappenedinordertorememberclearly.Wecanalsosend(寄)messagestopeoplefaraway.Butanimalscan’t.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正（T）誤（F）。36．Humansandanimalsbothhavetheirownlanguages.37．Abeecantellothersthemessagesbysingingsongs.38．Birdscanmakedifferentsoundstoshowdifferentmeanings.39．Alltheanimalscancommunicatewithothersfaraway.40．Whenadogisnothappy,you’dbetterkeepawayfromit.四、選擇方框中的句子完成對話，其中有兩項多余。（每小題2分,共10分)（2019·邢臺市第二中學(xué)初二課時練習(xí)）A:IwanttospendmysummerholidaysinXiamen.41．B:No,it’snottoohot.A:42．B:Yes,Ilikethecityverymuch.It’sbecomingoneofthemostmoderncitiesintheworld.A:43．B:Thecityiscleanandbeautiful.Therearelongbeachesbythesea.Thepeoplearekind,too.A:44．B:Ofcourse.It’llmakeyoufeelcool.A:Howcool!Swimmingintheseamustbemorewonderful.B:I’msureyou’llhaveagoodtimethere.A:Wouldyoupleasegowithme?B:45．A:Whatapity!A．Ilikethecityverymuch.B．Isithotthereinsummer?C．CanIswimthere?D．Doyouknowaboutit?E.Sorry.Ihavenotime.F.Doyoulikethecity?G.Whatdoyouthinkofthecity?第=2\*ROMANII卷（非選擇題）五、任務(wù)型閱讀（每小題1分,共10分)（2020·江蘇高港初二期中）Wegotoschooleverydayandenjoyourschoollife.Schoollifeisusuallyfulloffun,andtheschoolseemstobethesafestplaceintheworld.Butdoyouknowthatourschoollifecouldbedangerousifwearenotcarefulenough?Howdowemaketheschoolsaferandkeepusawayfromdanger?Herearesometipsforustobesafeinaneasyway.Forexample,wemustremembersomeimportantrulesintheplayground.Beforewedosports,weneedtodosomewarmupactivities,andafterthatweshoulddrinksomewater.Andintheclassroom,weneedtolearnhowbehavewell.Don’truninthehallways.Wemustn’tfightwithorrunaftereachother.Andteachersneedtokeepaneyeonthestudentsafterclassandstopthemfromrunning.Westudentsshouldremembernottobenaughtyandgetourselvesintotrouble.What’smore,wecanhavesomepracticetolearntoprotectourselvesfromafire.Inthisway,wecanknowwheretogoifthereisafireinourschool.Weshouldlearntousethefireextinguisher(滅火器)too,Idon’tthinkweshouldputoutafirebyourselves,becauseitistoodangerousforyoungstudents.Well,Ithinkallofusshouldthinkmoreofoursafetyinschool.Howtokeep46．intheschoolIntheplaygroundDosomewarmupactivities47．doingsportsDrinksomewater48．doingsports.Inthe49．Don’truninthehallways.Teachersneedto50．theirstudentscarefully.Don’t51．withorchaseeachother.52．safetyTakepartinthe53．a(chǎn)boutsavingourselvesoutofafire.Don’ttrytoputoutthefire54．Conclusion55．needstothinkmoreofsafetyandbecareful.六、用所給單詞的正確形式填空（每小題1分,共5分)56．（2020·全國初二課時練習(xí)）Youcanbuyclothesthemost________(cheap)inthisstore.57．（2020·全國初二課時練習(xí)）Nancychosetheclothesthemost________(careful)atthemall.58．（2020·全國初二課時練習(xí)）Mikedid________(badly)thanJohninthebikeriding.59．（2020·全國初二課時練習(xí)）Ofallthestudents,Tomdid________(badly)inthespeechcompetition.60．（2018·江蘇建鄴南師附中新城初中初二其他）Kitty,whojumps_________(far)inyourclass?七、書面表達(dá)（共15分)61．（2020·河北石家莊新世紀(jì)外國語學(xué)校初二期中）新冠肺炎（NCP）肆虐全球，全國人民眾志成城，抗擊疫情，值此危難之際，作為中學(xué)生，我們該怎樣做？請寫一篇80詞左右的文章，內(nèi)容包括以下幾方面：(文章開頭和結(jié)尾已給出)1.WhatwereyourfamilydoingwhenyouheardthenewsaboutNCPonTV?2.WhatdidZhongNanshanadvisepeopletodo?(洗手、居家等)3.WhatdidChinesepeopledotofightagainstNCP?(主要介紹醫(yī)生護(hù)士)4.Whatshouldthestudentsdonow?(從學(xué)習(xí)、鍛煉、健康飲食等)OnJanuary21,2020,theTVreportedthatNCPhadstartedinWuhan,China.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AlthoughNCP(新冠肺炎)hasabiginfluenceonourlives,itbringsChinesepeopleclosertogether.

2020-2021學(xué)年度仁愛版八年級英語上冊Unit4Ourworld能力提升卷學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________第I卷（選擇題）一、單選題（每小題1分,共10分) 1．（2019·河南川匯初二期末）Lilymovedtothecity3daysago.Nowshestillcan’tgetusedto____there.A．lives B．living C．tolive D．live【答案】B【解析】句意：莉莉三天前搬到城里去了?，F(xiàn)在她仍然不習(xí)慣住在那里。A.lives居住，單三形式； B.living居住，動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞形式； C.tolive居住，動詞不定式； D.live居住，動詞原形?？疾閯釉~形式辨析。getusedto習(xí)慣于做某事，后接動名詞短語。根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，故選B。【點睛】use有三個常見結(jié)構(gòu)：getusedto(prep.)+n./pron./v.-ing習(xí)慣于……；usedtodosth.過去常常做……（現(xiàn)在不做了）；beusedtodosth.被用來做……，都是固定短語。2．（2019·河南川匯初二期末）Taiwanisabeautifulplace.Itis____thesoutheastofChina.A．in B．on C．to D．off【答案】A【解析】句意：臺灣是個美麗的地方。它在中國東南部。考查介詞辨析。in表示“在某一范圍內(nèi)”；on表示“在某一范圍外，接壤”；to表示“在某一范圍外，不接壤”；off離開。臺灣是中國不可分割的一部分，是在中國范圍內(nèi)，應(yīng)用in。根據(jù)句意語境，故選A。3．（2019·湖北咸安初二期末）—It’snecessary____ourenvironment.—Iagreewithyou.A．protect B．protecting C．toprotect D．protects【答案】C【解析】句意：——保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境是必要的?！彝饽愕目捶??？疾閕t固定結(jié)構(gòu)。本句是固定句型“It’s+adj.+todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“做某事是……的”，it是形式主語，todosth.是真正的主語。根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C。【點睛】當(dāng)不定式、動名詞、從句等復(fù)雜成分用作句子主語時，為保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主語放在句末，而在句首使用形式主語it?！癐t+be+adj.<for(of)sb.>todosth.（某人）做某事是……的”是一種常見結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞of與for的區(qū)別是：of用于指某人的性格、屬性、特征等，介詞for表示對象，意為“對……來說”。4．（2019·湖北咸安?初二期末）-HowcarefulJimis!-Hewrites____inourclass.A．morecareful B．mostcarefully C．mostcareful D．morecarefully【答案】B【解析】句意：吉姆多仔細(xì)呀！他是我們班最仔細(xì)的A.morecareful比較仔細(xì)的，形容詞的比較級；B.mostcarefully最仔細(xì)地，副詞的最高級；C.mostcareful最仔細(xì)的，形容詞的最高級；D.morecarefully比較仔細(xì)地，副詞的比較級。根據(jù)inourclass知用最高級；排除AD；又因為該空修飾動詞write,故使用副詞，排除C，選B。5．（2019·山東初三課時練習(xí)）IfyouwanttogetmoreinformationaboutEnglishlearning,pleasevisitour_______.www.yyxx.cm.A．company B．storeC．office D．website【答案】D【解析】試題分析：company公司；store商店，倉庫；office辦公室；website網(wǎng)站。句意；如果你想獲得更多的關(guān)于英語學(xué)習(xí)的信息，請訪問我們的網(wǎng)站.故選D。6．（2019·全國課時練習(xí)）Don’tridetoofast,David._______theriskofanaccident.A．Takeaway B．Writedown C．Thinkabout D．Tryout【答案】C【解析】句意：別騎得太快，大衛(wèi)?？紤]一下車禍的風(fēng)險?？疾閯釉~短語。A.Takeaway帶走；B.Writedown寫下；C.Thinkabout考慮；D.Tryout試穿。根據(jù)前文Don’tridetoofast可知，不能騎太快是為了考慮出車禍。故選C?！军c睛】關(guān)于think的短語1、thinkof記起，想起；考慮；想像；關(guān)心例句：Ican'tthinkofthewordfor“l(fā)ove”inFrench.我想不起法語的“愛”是怎么說的了。2、thinkabout考慮例句：Perhapsweoughttothinkaboutthisagain.也許我們應(yīng)該重新考慮一下這件事。3、thinkover仔細(xì)考慮；重新考慮例句：KissingeraskedNixonforaweektothinkoverit.基辛格要求尼克松給他一個星期的時間來考慮。4、thinkaloud邊想邊說出，自言自語例句：AfriendisonebeforewhomImaythinkaloud.朋友就是我可以在其面前自言自語的人。7．（2019·全國初二單元測試）—_______isnoteasytodrawpictureswiththispen.—Youareright.A．There B．This C．That D．It【答案】D【解析】句意：——用這支筆畫畫是不容易的?！闶钦_的。A.There在那兒；B.This這個；C.That那個；D.It它?？疾楣潭ň湫?。It’s+adj.todosth.做……是怎么樣的。it這里是形式主語，為了避免句子頭重腳輕。根據(jù)題意，故選D。8．（2019·全國初二單元測試）Annusedthecomputerforshopping,_______?A．usedshe B．usedn’tshe C．didshe D．didn’tshe【答案】D【解析】句意：Ann用電腦去購物，是不是？此處use...for...用……來(做某事),句中used是過去式,反意疑問句，一般遵循前面是肯定陳述句，后面是否定一般疑問句。反之亦然。所以應(yīng)借助助動詞did,根據(jù)“前肯后否”原則，故選D。9．（2019·全國初二單元測試）—TherearemanyoldhousesinBeijing,aren’tthere?—_______Onlyafewremainnow.A．Yes,theyare. B．No,theyaren’t.C．No,therearen’t. D．Yes,thereare.【答案】C【解析】句意：——在北京有許多舊房子，是不是？——不，沒有，現(xiàn)在只剩下少數(shù)了?？疾榉匆庖蓡柧涞幕卮稹淖詈笠痪涞囊馑?“僅有一些還存留著,”故上句應(yīng)是否定的。又由于上句是therebe句型，排除AB，這里是否定回答用No,therearen’t.不，沒有。故選C。10．（2019·全國初二單元測試）Howterrible!Thetruckhitthewalltoavoidthechild.A．hurt B．tohurt C．hurts D．hurting【答案】D【解析】句意：多么可怕！卡車為了避免傷到孩子撞到了墻上。avoiddoingsth.避免做某事。結(jié)合句意可知，答案為D。二、完形填空（每小題1分,共10分)（2019·邢臺市第二中學(xué)初二課時練習(xí)）Ineachcountry,therearesomeplacesofinterest,likeBigBeninBritain,theGreatWallinChinaandsoon.Soyoumust11theLeaningTowerofPisa(比薩斜塔).Butdoyouknowwhyitleans(傾斜)?Itleans12amistake.In1173,peopleof13wantedtobuildabelltower.Theywantedthetowertobe14belltowerinthewholecountry.Beforepeoplefinished15thethirdfloorofit,thetowerbegantolean.Peopletriedtomakethebuilding16again.However,astheyadded(增加)morefloors,thetoweronlygot17.It18almost180yearstofinishthetower.Today,theLeaningTowerhaseightfloors.It’s54.5meterstall,anditleansabout5meterstoone19.Ifsomeonecannotthinkoutagoodway20thetower,likealltheotheroldbuildings,it’llfallapart(倒塌)inthefuture.11．A．hear B．listen C．know D．learn12．A．because B．becauseof C．so D．a(chǎn)s13．A．Pisa B．London C．Beijing D．NewYork14．A．thebeautiful B．themorebeautiful C．themostbeautiful D．mostbeautiful15．A．building B．tobuild C．built D．bebuilt16．A．lean B．straight C．straighter D．tolean17．A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst18．A．spent B．cost C．used D．took19．A．bell B．side C．floor D．way20．A．tosave B．saves C．saving D．save短文大意：本文是文化類閱讀，介紹了世界著名建筑比薩斜塔的建造歷史和傾斜原因。指出，如果有人想不出一個好辦法來拯救這座塔，就像所有其他的老建筑一樣，它將來會倒塌的。11．C【解析】句意：所以你一定知道比薩斜塔。考查動詞辨析。A.聽到；B.聽，listen和介詞to連用可接賓語；C.知道；D.學(xué)習(xí)。but表轉(zhuǎn)折，根據(jù)下文Butdoyouknowwhyitleans?可知know符合句意。故選C。12．B【解析】句意：它傾斜是因為一個錯誤?？疾檫B詞短語辨析。四個選項都表因果，because（因為）、so（所以）和as（由于）都接句子，可排除。becauseof后接短語，根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，可知選B。13．A【解析】句意：1173年，比薩人想建造一座鐘樓?？疾槊~辨析。A.比薩；B.倫敦；C.北京；D.紐約。根據(jù)SoyoumustknowtheLeaningTowerofPisa.可知選A。14．C【解析】句意：他們希望這座塔成為全國最漂亮的鐘樓?？疾樾稳菰~最高級。beautiful是多音節(jié)形容詞，最高級需用most；定冠詞the修飾最高級，根據(jù)句意語法，可知選C。15．A【解析】句意：人們還沒建完第三層樓，塔就開始傾斜了?？疾閯釉~形式辨析。finishdoing完成做某事，固定結(jié)構(gòu)；根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，可知選A。16．B【解析】句意：人們試圖把這座建筑物再理直?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。make是使役動詞，“makesth.+adj.”表示“讓某物處于某種狀態(tài)”，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)；C項是比較級，D項是不定式，都可排除。lean傾斜的，straight直的；again又/再，根據(jù)句意語境，可知是想把它重新弄直，故選B。17．C【解析】句意：然而，隨著樓層的增加，這座塔只會變得更糟（更傾斜）?？疾樾稳菰~比較級。get是表變化系動詞，需接形容詞，badly（更壞地）是副詞，可排除。根據(jù)get可知和前面是比較關(guān)系，形容詞bad需用比較級worse，故選C。18．D【解析】句意：這座塔花了將近180年才建成?？疾閯釉~辨析。四個選項都可表示“花費(fèi)”，但本句是固定句型“Ittakessb+時間段+todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“某人做某事花了……時間”。根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，可知選D。19．B【解析】句意：它有54.5米高，向一側(cè)傾斜約5米?？疾槊~辨析。A.鐘；B.側(cè)；C.層；D.小路。建筑物傾斜都是向一邊傾斜，根據(jù)句意語境，可知ACD三項意思都不合句意，故選B。20．A【解析】句意：如果有人想不出一個好辦法來拯救這座塔，就像所有其他的老建筑一樣，它將來會倒塌的?？疾閯釉~形式辨析。save拯救；本句用不定式表目的，根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)和語境，可知選A?！军c睛】完形填空。主要題型有（1）考查詞義辨析：名詞辨析，形容詞副詞辨析，冠詞辨析，介詞連詞辨析等；（2）考查句子時態(tài)，語態(tài)，要根據(jù)語境，選擇正確的時態(tài)和語態(tài)的選項；（3）考查從句（賓語從句，定語從句，主語從句等）；（4）根據(jù)固定句型或短語結(jié)合語境選擇正確的選項。本題主要考查單詞或短語辨析，做此類型題時，要知道每一個詞的意義，然后結(jié)合上下文背景語境，選擇適合語境的選項。例如小題8，考查動詞辨析。四個選項都可表示“花費(fèi)”，但本句是固定句型“Ittakessb+時間段+todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“某人做某事花了……時間”；根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，可知選D。三、閱讀理解（每小題2分,共40分)A（2020·北京朝陽初二期末）HelptheAnimalsHipposarelargeanimalswithsmalleyesandears.InAfrica,theyliveintherivers.Buttheriversaredryingup.Thereareabout3,000hipposinthewildnow.Kakapoisthebiggestparrotintheworldanditlookslikeanowl(貓頭鷹).Thisparrotcannotfly.Therats(老鼠)killedmanyofthiskindofparrots.Nowthereareonly100left.Amanateelooksabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal(海豹).Inordertolive,themanateesswimtowherethereismorewater.Manygetstranded(擱淺)andsomearekilled.Nowthereareabout6,600left.Theaye-ayehasearslikeabat(蝙蝠)andabodylikeacat.Peoplekilledmanyofthembecausetheythinkitbringsbadluck.Thereareonly32aye-ayeinthezoos.21．Wheredohipposlive?A．Inthesea B．Inthezoos. C．Intherivers D．Intheforests.22．Howmanykakaposareleftintheworld?A．Only32. B．Only100. C．About3,000. D．About6,600.23．Whatdoesamanateelooklike?A．Ithasearslikeabatandabodylikeacat.B．Itisabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal.C．Itisalargeanimalwithsmalleyesandears.D．Itisthebiggestparrotandlookslikeanowl.文章大意：本文主要向我們介紹了河馬、鸮鸚鵡、海牛、狐猴的一些情況和現(xiàn)狀。21．C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hipposarelargeanimalswithsmalleyesandears.InAfrica,theyliveintherivers.河馬是大動物，眼睛和耳朵都很小。在非洲，它們生活在河流里?？芍?，河馬生活在河里，故答案選C。22．B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theratskilledmanyofthiskindofparrots.Nowthereareonly100left.老鼠殺死了許多這種鸚鵡。現(xiàn)在只剩下100只了。可知，世界上還剩下100只鸮鸚鵡，故答案選B。23．B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Amanateelooksabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal.海?？雌饋碛悬c像河馬，又有點像海豹。可知，海牛有點像河馬，又有點像海豹，故答案選B。B（2019·河北路北初二期中）Whydoplantsgrowinsomeplacesandnotinothers?Whydoessomelandhavesomuchgrowingonit,whileotherlandhasalmostnoplantsgrowingonitatall?Togrow,plantsneedseveralthings.Oneiswarmth.Inverycoldplacesalmostnothinggrows.Plantsalsoneedwater.Inverydrypartsoftheearthonlyafewunusualplantscangrow.That’swhydrydesertseverywherearealmostnotcoveredbytreesorgrass.Plantsmustalsohaveaplaceinwhichtoputdowntheirrootsandgrow.Theyfinditdifficulttogrowonhardland.Thetownisbuiltonhardland.Theplantsherehaveonlythesoilfoundbetweenthecracks(縫隙)ofthestonestogrowin.Anotherthingplantsmusthavebeforetheycangrowisfood.Whatwillhappenifwetrytomakethingsgrowonthesandybeach?Afewplants,suchasbeachgrass,willgrowinsand,butmostplantswon’t.Eveniftheweatheriswarmenoughandwewatertheplantseachday,manyofthemwilldiebecausethesandonthisbeachhasalmostnofoodforplants.24．Accordingtothepassage,plantsneed________thingstogrowwell.A．two B．three C．four D．five25．Fromthepassage,wecanknowitis________forplantstogrowindryplaces.A．easy B．difficult C．impossible D．important26．Thereasonwhymostplantscan’tgrowonthesandybeachisthat________.A．thereisn’tenoughsunlight B．thereistoomuchwaterC．itistoocrowdedthere D．ithaslittlefoodforplants本文是一篇說明文。文中介紹了植物生長需要的東西。24．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Togrow,plantsneedseveralthings.Oneiswarmth.”和“Plantsalsoneedwater.”和“Plantsmustalsohaveaplaceinwhichtoputdowntheirrootsandgrow.”和“Anotherthingplantsmusthavebeforetheycangrowisfood.”可知，植物要生長好需要溫暖，水，可以扎根生長的地方，養(yǎng)料，因此一共是四樣?xùn)|西，故選C。25．B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Inverydrypartsoftheearthonlyafewunusualplantscangrow.That’swhydrydesertseverywherearealmostnotcoveredbytreesorgrass.”可知，植物在干旱的地方很難生長，故選B。26．D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Eveniftheweatheriswarmenoughandwewatertheplantseachday,manyofthemwilldiebecausethesandonthisbeachhasalmostnofoodforplants.”可知，大多數(shù)植物不能在沙灘上生長的原因是它缺少植物的養(yǎng)料。故選D。C（2019·南京師范大學(xué)附屬蘇州石湖中學(xué)初二）Mr.WangisateacherfromSuzhou.HeaskedhisstudentstohandintheirhomeworkthroughaQRcode(二維碼).“Wespentanhourortwoinclasslearninghowtogenerate(使產(chǎn)生)thecodes,andintheendeverythinggetseasier,”saidWang.“Whenstudentsfinishthehomework,theykeepitonWeChat(微信).Then,eachstudentmakeshisownQRcodeandgivesittome.SoIcanchecktheirworkeverywhereusingmycomputerortelephone.”TheQRcodescanbesenttoMr.Wangbyemail,QQandWeChat.WhenWangscans(掃描)hisstudents’QRcodes,theirhomeworkappearsonhisphone.Hefindsthattheirhomeworkbecomesmorecreative(創(chuàng)新的),withmanypictures,musicandevenvideos.Wang’sstudentslikethenewwayandthinkitisinteresting.“Wearelivingintheinformationage.Manystudentsliketoworkwithcomputers,whichmakeslearningmorefun.”saidTingting,astudentofWang’s.“Thepaperisnoteasytokeep,butthecodeiseasytokeepandshare.”Wangsaid.“Itisworthtryingtousenewtechnologyineducation.Educationitselfisakindofcreation.Idon’twantmystudentstofallbehindthetimes.”However,someparentsareworried.Theyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtimeoncomputersandlesstimecommunicatingwithteachers.Butinfact,it’sunnecessary.Studentsstillneedtolookupinformationinbooksandwriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework.Theyonlyusethecodewhentheyhandintheirwork,whichdoesn’ttakethemtoomuchtime.Alsoforteachers,itallowsthemtocheckthestudents’workatanytime.Andit’salsoaneasywaytosharehomeworkwithotherstudents.27．Accordingtothepassage,studentscankeeptheirhomeworkon________.A．WeChat B．QQ C．email D．blog(博客)28．Wang’sstudentsthinkthenewwayis________.A．strange B．boring C．inter