2025屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測試專題一閱讀理解第一講細(xì)節(jié)理解題-定位信息找答案

專題一閱讀理解[研高考·辨考向]年份卷名體裁題目類型細(xì)節(jié)理解題推斷判斷題主旨大意題詞句猜測題2024新高考全國卷Ⅰ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；議論文；說明文9411新高考全國卷Ⅱ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；說明文；書評76112023新高考全國卷Ⅰ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；說明文；議論文6711新高考全國卷Ⅱ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；說明文；說明文85112022新高考全國卷Ⅰ應(yīng)用文；議論文；新聞報(bào)道；說明文6711新高考全國卷Ⅱ應(yīng)用文；記敘文；說明文；說明文8412[抓規(guī)律·找依據(jù)]第一講細(xì)節(jié)理解題——定位信息找答案一、題型特點(diǎn)需了解[題型分析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題考查理解具體信息，在閱讀總題量中占比較大，是最重要的得分點(diǎn)。細(xì)節(jié)理解題的命題方法很多，如可能是對某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)用同義結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換后進(jìn)行考查，也可能是將文章中的幾個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)放在一起要求學(xué)生判斷是非或?qū)讉€(gè)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行排序等。主要考查直接細(xì)節(jié)題、間接細(xì)節(jié)題、數(shù)字計(jì)算題等?？疾榉绞届`活，常見的設(shè)問形式有：1．特殊疑問句形式，常以when、where、what、which、who、how等疑問詞開頭引出問題；2．填空題形式，通常涉及與主題有關(guān)的事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)；3．?dāng)?shù)字詢問，就文中的數(shù)字進(jìn)行提問。[選項(xiàng)特征]1．正確選項(xiàng)特征同義替換與原文關(guān)鍵信息相同含義的不同表達(dá)信息歸納對分散或復(fù)雜的信息進(jìn)行概括或比較正話反說把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)原文原詞利用原文原詞作為正確選項(xiàng)2.干擾選項(xiàng)特征張冠李戴是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容無中生有符合常識，但不是文章的內(nèi)容曲解文意極其相似但是細(xì)節(jié)處與原文有出入顛倒是非在意思上與原文大相徑庭或者完全相反正誤參半部分正確，部分錯(cuò)誤二、方法技巧要知曉題型一直接細(xì)節(jié)題直接細(xì)節(jié)題主要針對文中涉及的某個(gè)具體事物、人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、結(jié)果等提問。[典例1](2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ閱讀A片段)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.22．WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．5. B．10.C．15. D．18.[解析]第一步：閱讀題干，找出關(guān)鍵詞theloweragelimit。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位到原文中的“Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.”，可知加入生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊(duì)的最低年齡是10歲。第三步：比對選項(xiàng)得出答案。[答案]B技法點(diǎn)撥：題型二間接細(xì)節(jié)題間接細(xì)節(jié)題是直接信息的轉(zhuǎn)述、原文信息的間接表達(dá)、直接信息背后隱含內(nèi)容的表達(dá)。[典例2](2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ閱讀A片段)We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.23．Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A．Bringtheirowntools.B．Workeveninbadweather.C．Wearateamuniform.D．Doatleastthreeprojects.[解析]第一步：閱讀題干，找出關(guān)鍵詞arethevolunteersexpectedtodo。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位到原文中的“We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.”通過語義轉(zhuǎn)換可知，志愿者甚至?xí)趷毫犹鞖庀鹿ぷ鳌５谌剑罕葘x項(xiàng)得出答案。[答案]B技法點(diǎn)撥：題型三數(shù)字計(jì)算題此類試題要求考生對具體細(xì)節(jié)信息，尤其是對相關(guān)的時(shí)間、數(shù)量等數(shù)字和信息進(jìn)行分析和理解，利用加、減、乘、除等運(yùn)算方法進(jìn)行計(jì)算，但此類試題重點(diǎn)不在于計(jì)算，而在于考查考生對具體細(xì)節(jié)信息的處理能力，因此考生在解題時(shí)必須找出計(jì)算背后所隱含的信息。[典例3](2023·新高考全國卷Ⅰ閱讀A片段)PricesHandBrake，ThreeGearsFootBrake，NoGears1hour7.505.003hours11.007.501day(24hours)14.759.75Eachadditionalday8.006.0022.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays？A．15.75. B．19.50.C．22.75. D．29.50.[解析]第一步：閱讀題干，找出關(guān)鍵詞abikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays。第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文定價(jià)表第二列最后兩行，由表格可知，租一輛帶手剎和三檔的自行車一天需要14.75歐元，每加一天需要8歐元。所以租一輛帶手剎和三檔的自行車兩天需要14.75＋8＝22.75歐元。第三步：比對選項(xiàng)得出答案。[答案]C技法點(diǎn)撥：A體裁主題語境難度應(yīng)用文室內(nèi)旅游景點(diǎn)★★☆☆☆(2024·泰安二模)Shrek'sAdventure!Shrek'sAdventure!isaone-of-a-kindindoor“walk-and-ride”touristattractioninLondoninspiredbythehitDreamWorksfilmsShrek,Shrek2,andShrektheThird.ItallowschildrentocomefacetofacewithShrek,Fiona,Donkey,andmanyothers.Shrek'sAdventure!hastenfunnyshowsfeaturingclassicsets,likeShrek'sswamp(沼澤地),frommanyShrekfilms,abreathtaking4Dridewithspecialeffects,andmostimportantly,atourwherekidscanhelpbreakthecodeandsaveShreksohegetsbacktohisbelovedswampsafely.Activities·Goingaboardthemagical4DDreamWorksToursbus(withDonkeyactingasthetourguide).·LearninghowtobeaVikingofBerk.·CookingupamagicspellattheMuffinMan'shouse.BasicRules·Allchildrenundertheageof15mustbeaccompaniedbyanadultatalltimes.·Allbagsandcoatsmustbebroughtwithyouduringthetour.·Allvisitorsmustarrivewithinthetimeonyourbookingconfirmationandyoumustbringaprintedversionofthebookingwithyouduringyourvisit.Ifyoudonotarrivewithinyourreservedarrivaltime,youmayhavetowaituntilthenextavailableshowtime.TicketCosts·￡27(atthedoor)or￡18.90(online)forpeopleaged16andover.·￡21.85(atthedoor)or￡15.30(online)forchildrenaged3to15.·Childrenundertheageofthreecangetinforfree.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了倫敦獨(dú)一無二的室內(nèi)旅游景點(diǎn)——史瑞克冒險(xiǎn)樂園。1．WhatcanchildrendoinShrek'sAdventure??？A．Learntocookameal.B．WatchtheDreamWorksfilmShrek.C．HelpShrekreturntohisswamp.D．Actastheguideonthetourbus.C直接細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“andmostimportantly,atourwherekidscanhelp...Shreksohegetsbacktohisbelovedswampsafely”可知，在史瑞克冒險(xiǎn)樂園，孩子們可以幫助史瑞克安全回到他心愛的沼澤。2．Whatwillyoudoifyoumissthereservedshowtime?A．Enjoythenextavailableshow.B．Showtheprintedtickets.C．Bookanothershowonline.D．Getinimmediately.A直接細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)BasicRules部分中的“Ifyoudonotarrive...waituntilthenextavailableshowtime.”可知，如果錯(cuò)過了預(yù)定時(shí)間，可以欣賞下一場可以觀看的演出。3．Howmuchwillacoupleandtheir6-year-oldsonpayiftheybookonline?A．￡37.80. B．￡53.10.C．￡34.20. D．￡75.85.B數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)TicketCosts部分中的“￡27(atthedoor)or￡18.90(online)forpeopleaged16andover.”及“￡21.85(atthedoor)or￡15.30(online)forchildrenaged3to15.”可知，在網(wǎng)上購買一對夫婦和一個(gè)六歲的男孩的票應(yīng)該付18.9×2＋15.3＝53.10英鎊。B體裁主題語境難度夾敘夾議文培養(yǎng)孩子的天賦★★★☆☆(2024·潮州二模)WhenIwasaboutsixyearsold,mymothercamehomeonedayandfoundthatIhadcollectedhalfadozenbabiesoftheneighbourhood—allofthemtooyoungtowalk—andhadthemsittingbeforemeonthefloorwhileIwasteachingthemtowavetheirarms.Whensheaskedtheexplanationofthis,Iinformedherthatitwasmyschoolofdance.Shewasamused,andplacingherselfatthepiano.Shebegantoplayforme.Thisschoolcontinuedandbecameverypopular.Lateron,littlegirlsoftheneighbourhoodcameandtheirparentspaidmeasmallsumtoteachthem.Thiswasthebeginningofwhatafterwardsprovedaveryprofitableoccupation.Mymothertookmetoafamousballetteacher,buthislessonsdidnotpleaseme.Whentheteachertoldmetostandonmytoes(腳趾)Iaskedhimwhy,andwhenhereplied“Becauseitisbeautiful.”IsaidthatitwasuglyandagainstnatureandafterthethirdlessonIlefthisclass,nevertoreturn.Thisstiff(僵硬的)andcommonplacegymnasticswhichhecalleddancingonlydisturbedmydream.Idreamedofadifferentdance.Ididnotknowjustwhatitwouldbe,butIwasfeelingouttowardsaninvisibleworldintowhichIguessedImightenterifIfoundthekey.MyartwasalreadyinmewhenIwasalittlegirl,anditwasowingtotheheroicandadventurousspiritofmymotherthatitwasnotprevented.Ibelievethatwhateverthechildisgoingtodoinlifeshouldbebegunwhenitisveryyoung.Iwonderhowmanyparentsrealizethatbytheso-callededucationtheyaregivingtheirchildren,theyareonlydrivingthemintothecommonplace,andtakingawayfromthemanychanceofdoinganythingbeautifulororiginal.【語篇解讀】本文通過作者小時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)舞蹈的經(jīng)歷，以及媽媽對她的支持和理解，告訴父母們應(yīng)該發(fā)現(xiàn)并培養(yǎng)孩子的天賦，而不是用所謂的教育把孩子推向平凡。4．Whatwasthewriterdoingwhenhermothercamehomeoneday?A．Teachingsomebabiestodance.B．Directingsomebabiestowalk.C．Gettingsomebabiestogether.D．Makingsomebabiessitstill.A直接細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“mymothercamehome...Iinformedherthatitwasmyschoolofdance”可知，媽媽回家時(shí)作者正在教一些小孩跳舞。5．Howdidthewriterfindtheballet?A．Oldandunpopular.B．Uglyandunnatural.C．Gracefulandoriginal.D．Dreamlikeandgymnastic.B直接細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Isaidthatitwasuglyandagainstnature”可知，作者認(rèn)為芭蕾舞很丑且違背自然。6．Whatdidthewriterowehersuccessinartto?A．Theballetclassesshehadattended.B．Herinborntalentandgreatefforts.C．Theluckychanceherparentsgaveher.D．Hermother'ssupportandunderstanding.D間接細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“itwasowingtotheheroicandadventurousspiritofmymotherthatitwasnotprevented”可知，作者把自己在藝術(shù)方面的成功歸功于媽媽的支持和理解。7．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Childrenshouldbeencouragedtobeeducatedasearlyaspossible.B．Childrenshouldbedriventodeveloptheirinterestinartatanearlyage.C．Parentsshoulddiscoveranddeveloptheiryoungchildren'snaturalgift.D．Parentsshouldinstructtheirchildrentodecideonapromisingoccupation.C主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合最后一段最后兩句可知，文章通過作者小時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)舞蹈的經(jīng)歷，以及媽媽對她的支持和理解，告訴父母們應(yīng)該發(fā)現(xiàn)并培養(yǎng)孩子的天賦，而不是用所謂的教育把孩子推向平凡。專題強(qiáng)化練(一)A(2024·廣州畢業(yè)班綜合測試)UCBerkeleyYouthRecreationSummerCampsUCBerkeleyYouthRecreationwillprovideawidevarietyofone-weekoutdoorexperiencesandactivitiesfortheyouthonsummercamps.Herearefourbestsummercamps.WindsurfingCampThiscampisdesignedtoteachstudentsthebasicsofwindsurfing,includingbalanceandself-rescues.Throughacombinationofclassroominstruction,demonstrationandwatertime,campersareabletomasterthebasicsofthesport.Acomfortwithwindandwaterisstronglyencouraged.Campersmustbeages10-17toregister.Allcampersmustbeabletoswimandweigh100poundsormoretosafelyusepublicwindsurfingequipment.Price:$330.Thosewhohaveparticipatedbeforecanreceive10%off.SailingCampCamperslearnandreviewtheessentialsofsailingattheirexperiencelevelonthebeautifulSanFranciscoBay!Thisyearbringsexcitingupdatestothecampandhelpssailorsmasternewskills.Previoussailingexperienceisrequired.Campersmustbeages12-18toregister.Allcampersmusthavebasicswimmingskills.Price:$255.SkateboardingCampInthiscamp,skateboarderswilllearnmechanicsandbasicridingskillssuchasbalance,ridingswitches,anddropping-in.Skaterswillbeassessedonthefirstdayofthesessionandthelessonswillbeadaptedtotheirability.Allparticipantsareeducatedinskateboardsafety.Campersmustbeages8-16toregister.Participantsmustbringtheirownskateboard,helmet(頭盔)andknee&elbowpads(護(hù)具).Price:$300.$240perpersonforgroupregistration.RockClimbingCampLearnclimbingskills,knot-tying,top-ropeclimbingandequipmentcare.SitesincludeStrawberryCanyon,Remillard,IndianRockandCragmontParks.Campersmustbeages9-15toregister.Allcamperscanenjoythebusservicetoandfromthecampsites.Price:$275.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了加利福尼亞大學(xué)伯克利分校的四個(gè)青少年休閑夏令營。1．WhatisamustfortheparticipantsofWindsurfingCamp?A．Firstaidknowledge.B．Appropriateweight.C．Previouslearningexperience.D．Personalprotectiveequipment.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WindsurfingCamp部分中的“Allcampersmustbeabletoswimandweigh100poundsormoretosafelyusepublicwindsurfingequipment.”可知，帆板夏令營要求所有參加者必須有適當(dāng)?shù)捏w重。2．WhatisspecialaboutSkateboardingCamp?A．Itisintendedforprimarypupils.B．Itwillissuecertificatesofexcellence.C．Itbasesitslessonsoncampers'levels.D．Itgivesa10%discountforgroupregistration.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SkateboardingCamp部分中的“thelessonswillbeadaptedtotheirability”可知，滑板夏令營的課程以露營者的滑板水平為基礎(chǔ)。3．Whichcampofferspublictransportationforcamp-goers?A．WindsurfingCamp.B．SailingCamp.C．SkateboardingCamp.D．RockClimbingCamp.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RockClimbingCamp部分中的“Allcamperscanenjoythebusservicetoandfromthecampsites.”可知，攀巖夏令營給所有露營者提供公共交通。B(2024·常德3月模擬)Afour-year-oldboydiscoversthatcompassion(同情)forthelessfortunatecanproduceamazingresults.Ourhero'soriginstorystartedfromthedaywhenhisfather,TJPerine,tookhimtotheFirehouseMinistries,alocalshelterthatprovideshousing,food,andotherservicesforhomelessmen.Astheydrovebytheredbrickbuilding,theysawagroupof25homelessmenstandingonthestreetcorner.“Dad,theylooksad，”Austinsaid.“Canwetakethemsomefoodandmakethemsmile？”Thatday，Austinusedhisallowancetobuyeachmanasandwichandhandedthefoodouthimself.Seeingwhattheirpresencemeanttothemenattheministry,AustinandTJreturnedthenextweek.Austinagaindippedintohispiggybanktobuysandwiches,whichhehandedoutalongwithhisnewcatchphrase，“Don'tforgettoshowlove！”Afterhereturnedeveryweekforfiveweeks,wordofAustin'sactsofkindnessspreadthroughsocialmediaandnationalnewsoutlets.Afast-foodenterprisejumpedaboard,agreeingtodonate$1，000amonthforanentireyeartowardthecause.Soon,churchesandsheltersacrossthecountrybeganinvitingAustintocomeanddistributefoodinotherpoverty-proneareas.WhereasbeforeAustinandTJcouldfeed25to50peopleatatime,now,thankstocorporateandcommunitysupport,theycanfeed800to2，000peopleatonce.Austin'spassionhasnowbecomehisfamily'scalling.HismotherAudreyestablishedtheShowLoveFoundation,anonprofitdedicatedtofightinghomelessness.Shenowservesaspresident,andTJlefthisjobtooverseepublicrelationsforthefoundationfull-time.He'sintalkswiththecityofBirminghamtosecuretheredbrickbuildingwhereitallstarted—FirehouseMinistriesismoving—asthesiteoftheirownshelter,whichwilloffermedicalandmentalcareaspreventivestepsagainsthomelessness.AsforAustin,hecontinuestogiveoutfood,smiles,andhisinspirationalmessageoflove.“ItmakesmefeellikeI'msavingtheday，”hesaidproudly.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)四歲的小男孩奧斯汀主動(dòng)為無家可歸的人提供食物，這件事情在社會(huì)上引起反響，從而讓更多無家可歸的人受益的故事。4．WhatdidAustindowithhispocketmoney?A．Travelacrossthecountry.B．Buildashelterforthepoor.C．Improvethelifeofhisfamily.D．Buysomefoodforthehomeless.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thatday，Austinusedhisallowancetobuyeachmanasandwichandhandedthefoodouthimself.”可知，奧斯汀用他的零花錢給無家可歸的人買了些食物。5．Whydidtheauthormentionafast-foodenterpriseinparagraph3?A．Tomakeanadvertisementforit.B．ToshowtheeffectofAustin'sact.C．Topraiseitskindnessandsupport.D．Toseekitshelpforthelessfortunate.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句可知，奧斯汀的善舉在社交媒體和國家新聞媒體上傳播開來。隨后一家快餐企業(yè)的加入和捐贈(zèng)正凸顯了奧斯汀的善行的影響。6．WhatcanwelearnabouttheShowLoveFoundation?A．Itishighlyprofitable.B．ItwassetupbyAustin.C．Itwillprovidehealthcare.D．It'sfundedbythegovernment.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“whichwilloffermedicalandmentalcareaspreventivestepsagainsthomelessness”可知，“秀愛基金會(huì)”將提供醫(yī)療保健。7．WhichwordcanbestdescribeAustinandhisparents?A．Warm-hearted. B．Peace-loving.C．Hard-working. D．Quick-minded.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文講述的奧斯汀主動(dòng)為無家可歸的人提供食物的故事以及倒數(shù)第二段介紹他父母的內(nèi)容可知，奧斯汀和他的父母都很熱心。C(2024·沈陽質(zhì)檢)TheSaharaistheworld'slargestandmostmagicdesert,butknowledgeaboutitissurprisinglylimited.Evenestimatesofwhenitformedvarywidely,frommorethanfivemillionyearsagotomerethousands.Now,however,geographersstudyingwind-carriedSaharandustontheCanaryIslandshavecomeclosertosettlingthis:itis,theyreport,closetofivemillionyearsold.OnereasonfortheuncertaintyovertheSahara'sageisthatresearchersusedifferentmethodstoestimateit.Theseincludestudyingdesertdustfoundinsediment(沉積物)undertheAtlanticOcean,analyzingsandstoneandmodelingtheancientclimate.Tohelpsettletheuncertainty,Daniel,geographeroftheU.S.GeologicalSurvey,andhisworkmateslookedatsedimentonSpain'sCanaryIslands.TheyfoundevidenceofSaharandust.Thedustappearedinancientsoillayers(層),whoseagetheyassessedonthebasisoffossils(化石)foundinthesamelayers—andthatageagreedwiththeearlierocean'ssedimentstudies.TheresearchersreportedtheirfindingsinNovemberinPalaeogeography.“Theconclusionofthestudyisverygood，”saysZhongshiZhang,aclimatemodelerattheUniversityofBergeninNorway,whowasnotinvolvedinthework.“Becausethedustfoundontheislandsisdistinctfromtheocean'srecord，”Zhangadds,“ithelpstobuildthecaseforafive-million-yearage.”TheSaharaisthebiggestsourceofwind-carrieddustintheworld—andthatdust'sjourneydoesnotendintheCanaryIslands,whichliejustoffthewesterncoastofAfrica.ItcontinuesontoplacessuchastheAmazonRainForestinSouthAmerica,Danielnotes.Amazonsoilsarepoorinnutrients,andhesaysthenewresultshelptoshowhowrichdustfromAfricacouldhavebeensupportingtheSouthAmericanregion'sincrediblebiodiversityformillionsofyears—addingtotheAmazon'sownoriginstory.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了研究人員通過研究西班牙加那利群島的沉積物，發(fā)現(xiàn)了撒哈拉塵埃的證據(jù)，通過評估古代土層中灰塵的年齡確定了撒哈拉沙漠的形成時(shí)間。8．HowdidDanielsettletheformationtimeoftheSahara?A．BymodelingtheancientclimateinSpain'sislands.B．BystudyingthedesertdustundertheAtlanticOcean.C．Byassessingtheageofthedustinancientsoillayers.D．Byanalyzingthewind-carriedsandstoneintheSahara.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句和第二段中的“...whoseagetheyassessedonthebasisoffossilsfoundinthesamelayers—andthatageagreedwiththeearlierocean'ssedimentstudies.”可知，丹尼爾通過評估古代土層中灰塵的年齡來確定撒哈拉沙漠的形成時(shí)間。9．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theirfindings”intheparagraph2referto?A．Theappearanceofthedust.B．Theformationoftwolayers.C．TheageoftheSaharandust.D．Theagreementoftwolayers.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句的前一句“Thedustappearedinancientsoillayers...sedimentstudies.”可知，“theirfindings”指代前文提及的“撒哈拉塵埃的年齡”。10．WhatcontributestothebiodiversityoftheSouthAmerica?A．TheSaharandust.B．TheAmazonsoils.C．TheAmazonRainForest.D．Thecoastalwaters.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...howrichdustfromAfricacouldhavebeensupportingtheSouthAmericanregion'sincrediblebiodiversity”可知，撒哈拉沙漠的塵土對南美洲的生物多樣性做出了貢獻(xiàn)。11．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A．TheStudyoftheSaharaB．TheBirthoftheSaharaC．TheSourceoftheSaharaD．TheEffectoftheSaharaB標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章講的是撒哈拉沙漠的誕生時(shí)間的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，B項(xiàng)“撒哈拉的誕生”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。專題強(qiáng)化練(二)A(2024·淄博一模)Intheyear-and-a-halfsinceBroadwayreopened,tourismandticketsaleshavenotreturneditsformallevel.So,youneverknowwhat'sgoingtobeahitormiss.Oftenallyoucandowhentryingtopredictwhatwillbeworthseeingistolookatwhowrotethescriptandwho'sdirectingandstarring.HerearefourBroadwayandoff-BroadwayshowsI'mkeepinganeyeon.BadCinderellaImperialTheatre;beginspreviewsFebruary17,opensMarch23ComposerAndrewLloydWebberbringshislatestshow,acontemporaryretellingoftheCinderellastory,toNewYork.WillLordLloydWebberfindsuccesswiththisnewmusical?TheJungleSt.Ann'sWarehouse;beginsperformancesFebruary18Thisimmersiveproduction,firstseenin2018,putstheaudiencerightinsidethetentsofarefugee(難民)campinCalais，F(xiàn)rance.Ittellstheheart-breakingstoriesofrefugeesfromtheMiddleEastandAfrica.FatHamAmericanAirlinesTheatre;beginspreviewsMarch21,opensApril12JamesIjames'PulitzerPrize-winningcomedywasahitonasmallstagein2022.AsaretellingofHamlet,setataBlackfamilycookout,itdealswithquestionsofmanlinessandisbothfunnyandjoyous.PrimaFacieGoldenTheatre;beginspreviewsApril11,opensApril23EmmyAward-winningactressJodieComer,whoactsasalawyer,appearsinthisone-personplaybySuzieMiller,whichwasahitinLondon.Itwillbeexcitingtoseethisactressinperson.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾部百老匯和百老匯外的劇目。1．Whichisputonshowforthefirsttime?A．BadCinderella. B．TheJungle.C．FatHam. D．PrimaFacie.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BadCinderella部分中的“ComposerAndrewLloydWebberbringshislatestshow,acontemporaryretellingoftheCinderellastory,toNewYork.”可知，《壞灰姑娘》這部戲劇第一次上映。2．Onwhichdaycanyouenjoyashowwithamusingplots?A．February18. B．March23.C．April12. D．April23.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FatHam部分中的“AsaretellingofHamlet...isbothfunnyandjoyous.”及opensApril12可知，在《胖哈姆》中，你能欣賞有趣的情節(jié)，這部戲劇在4月12日上映。3．WherecanaudiencesmeetJodieComeronthespot?A．ImperialTheatre.B．St.Ann'sWarehouse.C．AmericanAirlinesTheatre.D．GoldenTheatre.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PrimaFacie部分中的GoldenTheatre及“EmmyAward-winningactressJodieComer...appearsinthisone-personplaybySuzieMiller”可知，觀眾可以在黃金劇院見到朱迪·科默。B(2024·汕頭畢業(yè)班質(zhì)監(jiān))AsmallaccidentledtoprofoundchangesinthelifeofYangLi,anartisan(手藝人),whoisfromtheMiaoethnicgroup.In2011,Yang,fromTongrencityinGuizhouProvince,createdleafvein(脈絡(luò))embroidery(刺繡)threemonthsafteraleafcutherhand.Theworkisaperfectcombinationoftraditionalembroiderypatternsandthenaturaltextures(紋理)oftheleaves.Ithasauniqueaestheticappealoftraditionalembroiderymatchedwiththecharacteristicsofcontemporarycraftsmanship.AsanativeMiaowomanwithaninbornloveofembroidery，Yangopenedafolkcultureproductsshopwithhersisterin2011.“Peoplearebecominglessfamiliarwithtraditionalhandicrafts,andIwanttocontributeallIcantochangethissituation，”Yangsays.Atfirst,thesmallshopdidnotearnasignificantincomeasthereweremanysimilarproductsonthemarket.Shegraduallyrealizedthatitwasimportanttoestablishherownbrandandlaunchproductswithdistinctfeatures.That'swhenshewasinspiredbythecut.InJuly2011，YangaccidentallycutherhandonathornyleafwhenshewashikinginFanjingMountain.Aboldideacameintoherhead:“Thereareleaf-veinbookmarksandleaf-veinpaintings.Whyhasnobodycreatedleaf-veinembroideryet？”O(jiān)bviously,thereasonbehindthisisthatembroideringonleavesrequiresdelicateskillsthatfewpossess.ThebiggesttechnicalchallengeYangfacedwasimprovingtheflexibilityoftheleavesandmakingthemassoftascloth.OnOct.16,adayshewillneverforget，Yangfinallycreatedashiny,thinandunbreakablepieceofleafvein.Herideaofleaf-veinembroiderycametocompletionafterhundredsofexperiments.Twoyearslater，Yangopenedanembroideryprocessingfactoryandofferedjobstomorethan500laid-offfemaleworkers,ruralwomenandpeoplewithdisabilities.“Iwillkeepdoingtheleaf-veinembroideryfortherestofmylifebecauseitismeaningful，”shesays.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位苗族繡娘楊麗因手指被樹葉劃破而創(chuàng)作出“葉脈繡”的故事。4．WhatdoweknowaboutYangLi'sfolkcultureproductsshop?A．Itwasinspiredbyacutbyaleafinherhand.B．Itwasafailurebeforeshebegantosellsimilarproducts.C．ItwasintendedtopreservetraditionalChinesehandicrafts.D．ItperfectlycombinedtraditionalChinesebooksanddrawings.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Peoplearebecominglessfamiliarwithtraditionalhandicrafts,andIwanttocontributeallIcantochangethissituation”可知，楊麗的民俗文化特產(chǎn)店是為了保護(hù)中國的傳統(tǒng)手工藝。5．WhatisYangLi'sdifficultyinmakingherleaf-veinembroidery?A．Findingclothwithvein-liketextures.B．Creatinganewembroiderypattern.C．Changingleavesintounbreakablecloth.D．Softeningupleavesforbetterflexibility.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ThebiggesttechnicalchallengeYangfacedwasimprovingtheflexibilityoftheleavesandmakingthemassoftascloth.”可知，楊麗在制作葉脈繡時(shí)遇到的困境是如何軟化葉子以獲得更好的靈活性。6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYangLi?A．Ambitiousandinnovative.B．Caringandpatient.C．Persistentanddemanding.D．Humorousandoptimistic.A推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，楊麗創(chuàng)作出了“葉脈繡”并開設(shè)了自己的工廠，由此可推知，楊麗有雄心并且有創(chuàng)造力。7．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Anembroideryskill.B．Apromisingcareer.C．Aculturalshop.D．Anadmirableartisan.D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了一位苗族繡娘楊麗因手指被樹葉劃破而創(chuàng)作出“葉脈繡”，并致力于發(fā)展刺繡產(chǎn)業(yè)，幫助傳承民族傳統(tǒng)技藝的故事。D項(xiàng)能夠總結(jié)文章大意。C(2024·江門一模)AcityinDenmarkisabouttobecomethefirstintheworldtoprovidemostofitscitizenswithfreshwaterusingonlytheenergycreatedfromhouseholdwastewater.TheMarselisborgWastewaterTreatmentPlant(MWTP)inAarhushasundergoneimprovementsthatmeanitcannowproducemorethan150percentoftheelectricityneededtoruntheplant.Theextrapowercanbeusedtopumpdrinkingwateraroundthecity.Aswellasregularlypoweringtheentirewatersystemof200，000peoplelivingintheinnercityarea,anyunwantedelectricitycouldbesoldintothelocalpowernetwork.Theplantproducesenergyfromthebiogas(沼氣)whichcreatesoutofhouseholdwastewater.Carbonisremovedfromthewastewaterandpumpedintodigesters(沼氣池)keptat38℃filledwithbacteria.Theseproducebiogas—mostlymethane(甲烷)—thatisthenburnedtomakeheatandelectricity.UpgradingthefacilitiesinMarselisborgrequirednearly3million,butAarhusWaterexpectsthattoberecoveredinjustfiveyears.OthercitiesinDenmark,includingCopenhagen,havebeentryingtocopytheexampleofAarhus.WhentalkingaboutcopyingDenmark'sexperience，MollyWalton,energyanalystatInternationalEnergyAgency,says,scientistsandengineerswouldfirstlyhavetoimproveenergyefficiency;anditrequiresanenormousamountofmoneythatcouldconsiderablyincreasethepriceofthewater.Moreover,towork,thewastewaterplantneedstobebigenoughtoproduceenoughbiogas,andeventhewastewaterhastobetherightmix.Ifit'swatereddownbymuchstormorgroundwater,itwillbealmostimpossibletorecoverenergy，Waltonsays.Withrisingglobaltemperatures,moreenergywillbeneededtoprovidefreshwaterfromothersourcessuchasseawater.Thecity'sactionmaynotsolvetheproblems,butitisabigstepintherightdirection.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了丹麥奧胡斯的馬塞利堡污水處理廠將廢水轉(zhuǎn)化為能源。8．WhatcanwelearnaboutthecityAarhus?A．AarhuscansellgreenenergytoDenmark.B．TheplantinAarhuscanproduceextrapower.C．TheplantinAarhusmakesgooduseofcarbon.D．Aarhusisthefirstcitytobenefitfromhouseholdwastewater.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知，奧胡斯的馬塞利堡污水處理廠生產(chǎn)的電力高于運(yùn)行該廠所需電力的150%，即奧胡斯的污水處理廠可以產(chǎn)生額外的電力。9．WhyisitdifficulttopractisethewayofMWTP?A．Theglobaltemperatureisrising.B．Energyefficiencyneedsimproving.C．Theplantistoobigtoproducebiogas.D．MWTPrequiresdemandingconditions.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，馬塞利堡污水處理廠的經(jīng)驗(yàn)很難復(fù)制是因?yàn)樗枰量痰臈l件。10．WhatisMollyWalton'sattitudetowardscopyingDenmark'sexample?A．Doubtful. B．Negative.C．Uninterested. D．Positive.A觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可推知，莫莉·沃爾頓認(rèn)為要復(fù)制丹麥的做法很困難，即對其持懷疑的態(tài)度。11．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．CopyingtheexampleofAarhuscostsalot.B．MWTPhasimprovedtheprocessingofbiogas.C．AplantinAarhusturnswastewaterintoenergy.D．ThewaterserviceinAarhusneedsmoreenergy.C主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了丹麥奧胡斯的馬塞利堡污水處理廠將廢水轉(zhuǎn)化為能源。專題強(qiáng)化練(三)A(2024·昭通診斷性檢測)DrivinginIcelandIt'snotuncommonforpeoplevisitingIcelandtohiretransportorevenbringtheirowncarsviatheferryservice.There'ssomeimportantinformationaboutdrivinginIcelandyouneedtoknowfirst.DrivingregulationsInIceland,youshoulddriveontherightsideoftheroadandovertake(超車)ontheleft.Thegeneralspeedlimitis30-50km/hourinpopulatedareas,80km/houronstoneroadsinruralareasand90km/houronpavedroads.Carheadlightsmustbeswitchedonatalltimes,dayornightwhendrivinginIceland.Theuseofmobilephoneswhiledrivingisprohibited.DrivingaroundIcelandDrivingaroundIcelandisawonderfulwaytoexperienceallthosewondersofnatureatyourownpace.Mostpeoplevisitingherechoosetodriveontheringroad,sinceitrunsbytheisland'sbeautifulcoastconnectinglotsofnaturalwondersandattractions.Don'tbedistractedWhendrivingintheIcelandiccountryside,it'sveryeasytogetdistractedbythegorgeoussurroundings.Nomatterhowbeautifulsomethingis,don'tletitdistractyoufromyourdriving.Ifyouseesomethingthatdemandsyourattention,pleasefindasafeplacetoparkandgivetheattractionyourfullattentioninstead.ParkinginReykjavikFeeZonePriceTimeP1370kr/perhour9：00-18：00P2190kr/perhourWeekdays：8：00-16：00P3190kr/first2hours；55kr/perhourafterSaturdays：AlldayP4190kr/perhourWeekends：8：00-16：00【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一些關(guān)于在冰島開車的重要信息。1．WhatshouldyoukeepinmindwhendrivinginIcela