專題12議論文2例證法之列事實講道理(學(xué)校生活)

專題12議論文例證法之列事實、講道理論證（概括事實、各種現(xiàn)象、統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)） （一）關(guān)于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)、校園生活以及參與的各項校內(nèi)外活動相關(guān)的話題 目錄范文1【2014年上海卷】欄目增減及其理由（TopicalIssues,InterestsandHobbies）范文2【2009年江西卷改編】如何將壞心情變?yōu)楹眯那?Health,Emotions) 范文3近視眼產(chǎn)生的原因及應(yīng)對措施(Health) 范文4虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后ModestyHelpsOneGoforwardWhereasConceitMakesOneFallbehind(TopicalIssues) 范文5Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?（LiteratureandArt） PracticeI【2016年江蘇卷】網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票（TopicalIssues） PracticeII學(xué)校運動會浪費現(xiàn)象(TopicalIssues,Schoollife) PracticeIII【2014年浙江卷】向?qū)W校圖書館推薦新書(TopicalIssues,LiteratureandArt) PracticeIVWhetherisHarryPottersuitableforchildrentoread?（LiteratureandArt） 二、列事實、講道理論證（概括事實、各種現(xiàn)象、統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)）采用列事實、講道理論證的議論文主要有兩大類話題：第一類是與同學(xué)們的學(xué)習(xí)、校園生活以及參與的各項校內(nèi)外活動密切相關(guān)的話題；第二類會涉及到世界、環(huán)境和社會相關(guān)的話題（目前的熱點問題），讓同學(xué)們描述這些現(xiàn)象并分析討論該現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因或?qū)е碌暮蠊詈笤偬岢隹尚械慕鉀Q措施。本專題將分別列舉兩類話題。（一）關(guān)于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)、校園生活以及參與的各項校內(nèi)外活動相關(guān)的話題范文1【2014年上海卷】欄目增減及其理由（TopicalIssues,InterestsandHobbies）學(xué)校英語報正在改版，擬從現(xiàn)有的三個欄目（健康、娛樂、文化）中去除一個，并從三個備選欄目（時尚、職業(yè)規(guī)劃、讀者反饋）中挑選一個納入該報。假設(shè)你是該校學(xué)生程飛，給校報編輯寫一封電子郵件，表達你的觀點。郵件須包括以下內(nèi)容：你建議去除的欄目及去除的理由；2.你建議增加的欄目及增加的理由。=1\*ROMANI審題體裁：書信體應(yīng)用文+議論文主體時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時主要人稱：第一人稱寫作要點：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________=2\*ROMANII寫作提綱Para.1交代寫信背景和寫信目的；Para.2刪除項目及理由；增加項目及理由；Para.3提出希望。=3\*ROMANIIIUsefulexpressionsundergosomereform正在改版addsth.to…把sth.添加到…(上/中/里)addtosth.增加sth.crosssth.out=crossoutsth.=deletesth.刪除sth.broadenourhorizons開闊我們的眼界Foronething,readingaboutfashioncanmakeourlifemorecolorful.Foranother,fashionisanessentialpartofourlifewhichdoesn’tconflictwithourstudy.一方面，閱讀有關(guān)時尚的書籍可以使我們的生活更加豐富多彩。另一方面，時尚是我們生活中不可或缺的一部分，與我們的學(xué)習(xí)不相沖突。Ihopethatmysuggestionswillproveofsomevalueinyourconsideration,andthattheEnglishnewspaperwillbemorepopularamongusstudents.我希望我的建議在你考慮時能有價值，同時希望英語報紙將受同學(xué)們的歡迎。Ihopethatmysuggestionsarehelpfulforyourdecision,andthattheEnglishnewspaperwillbemorepopularamongusstudents.我希望我的建議對你的決定有幫助，同時希望英語報紙將受同學(xué)們的歡迎。參考范文ADearEditor,WhatapleasantsurpriseitistoknowthatourschoolEnglishpaperisundergoingsomereform.Ofthethreecolumnsyouareconsideringremoving,I’dratherthatyoudeletedthecolumnof“Health”.Thecolumn“Entertainment”isappealingtousstudents,providinguswithsomeformsofrelaxationfromourroutinestudies,while“Culture”cangiveusaglimpseofdifferentcultures,thusbroadeningourhorizons.Astowhichcolumntoaddtoourpaper,“Fashion”iswhatappealstomemost.Foronething,readingaboutfashioncanmakeourlifemorecolorful.Foranother,fashionisanessentialpartofourlifewhichdoesn’tconflictwithourstudies.Ihopethatmysuggestionswillproveofsomevalueinyourconsideration,andthattheEnglishpaperwillbemorepopularamongusstudents.Student,參考范文BChengFeiDearSir,WordcamethatourschoolEnglishnewspaperispreparingforchange.AsanEnglishnewspaperfan,Ihavesomeadvice.Inmyopinion,school’snewspaperhasagoodinfluenceonourstudyandlife.It’smuchappreciatedbystudentsandteachers.Ifyoumustcrossoutonecolumn,Ithinkitwillbemorebeneficialifyoucancross“Entertainment”out.Afterall,itisveryimportantforustoworkhard.Weshouldtakemoretimetostudy;toomuchentertainmenthasabadeffectonourstudy.Ialsosuggestthatyoushouldadd“Careerplanning”toournewspaper,becauseithasbecomeahottopicamongpeople,especiallyamongtheyoung.Mostimportantly,notonlycanitmakemiddleschoolstudentslearnmoresocialchangesandrealizetheirfuture,butalsoitcanhelpthemtoadaptthemselvestothedevelopmentofsocietybetter.Ihopethatmysuggestionsarehelpfulforyourdecision,andthattheEnglishpaperwillbemorepopularamongusstudents.Student,ChengFeiUsefulexpressionMostimportantly,notonlycanitmakemiddleschoolstudentslearnmoresocialchangesandrealizetheirfuture,butalsoitcanhelpthemtoadaptthemselvestothedevelopmentofsocietybetter.更重要的是，他不僅可以讓同學(xué)們了解社會的變化，明確自己的未來，而且還有助于他們更好地適應(yīng)社會的發(fā)展。范文2【2009年江西卷改編】如何將壞心情變?yōu)楹眯那?Health,Emotions)學(xué)校即將舉行以“TurningaBadMood(心情)intoaGoodOne”為題目的英語作文比賽，請按下列要求寫一篇議論文。（1）好心情的重要性；（2）產(chǎn)生壞心情的原因；（3）應(yīng)該如何調(diào)整心情。TurningaBadMoodintoaGoodOneItisveryimportantforustohaveagoodmoodinourdailylife.Ifyouhaveagoodmood，youwillbehappywitheverythingintheworld，andmostimportantly，youwillhaveanoptimisticeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.Weallwillliveaharmonious,happyandhealthylife.However,sometimeswhenyoumeetsomedifficulties,quarrelwithothersorfailindoingsomething,youmayhaveabadmood.Ifso,youshouldthinkmoreaboutitsbrightsidebecauseeverythinghasitstwosides.Wearesurethateverythingwillbebetterwithtimepassingby.Remember:Onlyyoucanmakeyourselfhappy.Ihopethateveryonehasagoodmoodeveryday!Usefulexpressions1.Ifyouhaveagoodmood，youwillbehappywitheverythingintheworld，andmostimportantly，youwillhaveanoptimisticeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.如果你有好心情，你會對世界上的一切感到滿意，并且最重要的是，你會對周圍的人有一種樂觀的影響。2.Weallwillliveaharmonious,happyandhealthylife.我們都會過著和諧、幸福和健康的生活。范文3近視眼產(chǎn)生的原因及應(yīng)對措施(Health)現(xiàn)在越來越多的學(xué)生成了近視眼，請分析一下此現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因及應(yīng)對措施。參考范文Nowmoreandmorestudents,seniororjunior,eventhepupilsinprimaryschools,arenear-sighted.Howseriousthesituationis!Whatcausethemtobenear-sighted?It’sbecausewereadbooksallday,andeyesaretootired.Atthesametime,mostofusdon’tpayattentiontotherightpostureofwriting.Itiswell-knownthateyesaretheimportantpartofourbody.Weusethemtoseeallthethingsaroundus.Withouteyeswecannotstudyorworkwell.Thougheveryoneknowstheimportanceofoureyes,notallofusunderstandhowtoprotectthem.Ithink,first,afterwehaveworkedforaboutanhourorso,we’dbetterletoureyeshavearest--eitherclosetheeyesforashorttimeorlookintothedistance.Second,weshouldn’treadinthesun,orinapoorlight,orinamovingbus,anddorememberreadingonbedisabadhabit.What’smore,weshouldpayattentiontothedistancefromeyestothebook.Lastbutnotleast,weshouldinsistondoingeye-exerciseeveryday.Inshort,weshouldtryourbesttokeepoureyesbright.Usefulexpression1.Atthesametime,mostofusdon’tpayattentiontotherightpostureofwriting.同時，我們大多數(shù)人沒有太注意正確的書寫姿勢。2.Ithink,first,afterwehaveworkedforaboutanhourorso,we’dbetterletoureyeshavearest--eitherclosetheeyesforashorttimeorlookintothedistance.我認為，首先，在用眼工作一小時之后，我們最好休息一下眼睛?？梢远虝r間讓兩只眼睛靠近練習(xí)，也可以看遠處的地方。范文4虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后ModestyHelpsOneGoforwardWhereasConceitMakesOneFallbehind(TopicalIssues)ModestyHelpsOneGoforwardWhereasConceitMakesOneFallbehindAsisknown，modestyisoneofChinesetraditionalvirtues.Weweretaughtearlyinourlivesthatmodestyhelpsonegoforwardwhereasconceitmakesonefallbehind.ThisadviceisofgreatvalueandIcan’tagreemorewiththesaying.Beingmodest,onetendstobeawareofhisshortcomingsandwouldliketolearnmoresoastobecomemorecompetent.Andamodestmangetsalongwellwithotherswhileotherswouldrespecthimandhelphimwhenhemeetsdifficulties.Incontrast,aconceitedpersontendstoswellwithprideandover-estimatehimself.Consequently,hewouldstopwhereheis，makingnomoreprogress.Meanwhile,peoplemaydislikehimandhemayfeellonely.Personally，I’llstaymodesteventhoughImayhaveachievedsomethinginlife.(135words)Usefulexpressions1.Asisknown，modestyisoneofChinesetraditionalvirtues.眾所周知，謙虛是中國傳統(tǒng)美德之一。2.Weweretaughtearlyinourlivesthatmodestyhelpsonegoforwardwhereasconceitmakesonefallbehind.在我們的生活中，我們很早以前就被教導(dǎo)，虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后。3.Beingmodest,onetendstobeawareofhisshortcomingsandwouldliketolearnmoresoastobecomemorecompetent.保持謙遜，人們就會意識到自己的缺點，并且也愿意學(xué)到更多，這樣一來就會變得更有能力。4.Incontrast,aconceitedpersontendstoswellwithprideandover-estimatehimself.相比之下，自負的人會驕傲自大，高估自己。范文5Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?（LiteratureandArt）根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容，以Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?為題寫一篇100詞左右的短文。現(xiàn)狀原因建議許多年輕人喜歡奇幻文學(xué)，他們讀奇幻文學(xué)時往往忘記吃飯、睡覺。奇幻文學(xué)情節(jié)曲折驚險，能夠吸引年輕人。適量閱讀一些奇幻文學(xué)，但不要沉溺其中，以免不適應(yīng)現(xiàn)實生活。奇幻文學(xué)生動有趣，富有教育意義，容易感動年輕人。奇幻文學(xué)往往描繪年輕人在現(xiàn)實生活中無法實現(xiàn)的事情，對年輕人理想的實現(xiàn)是一個彌補。參考范文Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?Atpresentmanyyoungpeopleliketoreadfantasyliterature.Whentheyreadsomefantasyliterature,theyoftenforgettoeatandsleep.Whyisfantasyliteraturesopopularwithyoungpeople?Herearesomemainreasons.First,theplotoffantasyliteratureisusuallyindirectandthrilling.Soitcanattractyoungpeople.Atthesametime,fantasyliteratureisusuallylively,interestingandinstructive.Asaresult,itcaneasilymoveyoungpeople.Besides,fantasyliteraturesusuallydescribesomethingthatyoungpeoplecan’tdoinreallife,soitmakesupfortherealizationofyoungpeople’sdreams.Itisusefultoreadaproperamountoffantasyliterature,butdon’tbecomeaddictedtoitoryoumaynotadaptyourselftoreality.Usefulexpressions1.Atthesametime,fantasyliteratureisusuallylively,interestingandinstructive.Asaresult,itcaneasilymoveyoungpeople.同時，奇幻文學(xué)生動有趣，富有教育意義，容易感動年輕人。2.makeupfor彌補3.becomeaddictedto對……上癮的4.adaptyourselftoreality.適應(yīng)現(xiàn)實生活Practice=1\*ROMANI【2016年江蘇卷】網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票（TopicalIssues）請閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。Inrecentyears,InternetvotinghasbecomeincreasinglypopularinChina.Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves,butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”.LiJiang,ahighschoolstudent,isinvitedtovoteinthe“BestPoliceOfficer”competition,organizedbythelocalgovernmenttoletthepublichaveabetterunderstandingofpoliceofficers’dailywork.LiJiangvisitsthewebsiteandreadsallthestories.Heisdeeplymovedbytheirgloriousdeeds.Heisalreadythinkingofbecomingapolicemanhimselfinthefuture.SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger”competition.Hehasalreadyreceivedthreesimilarinvitationsthisweek.Hisuncletellshimthatifhiscousinwinsthecompetition,thefamilywillwinanoverseastourforfree.SuHualikeshiscousinverymuch,buthefindsothersingersperformevenbetter.Tovote,ornottovote?Thisisaquestionthattroubleshimverymuch.【寫作內(nèi)容】用約30個單詞寫出上文概要；用約120個單詞闡述你對網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票的看法，并用2-3個理由或論據(jù)支撐你的看法?！緦懽饕蟆繉懽鬟^程中不能直接引用原文語句；作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校；不必寫標題。I審題體裁：議論文主體時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時主要人稱：第三人稱、第一人稱要點：1.用約30詞概括所給材料的主要內(nèi)容；2.用約120詞闡述自己對網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票的看法；3.適當?shù)慕Y(jié)尾。=2\*ROMANII寫作提綱Para.1用約30詞概括所給材料的主要內(nèi)容；Para.2用約120詞提出觀點闡述自己對網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票的看法,并加以論證說明；Para.3總結(jié)全文。參考范文AOn-linevotingbecomesincreasinglypopular,andmanycompetitionsgetpeopleinvolvedinit.Itisbeneficialtosomepeople,whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.Inmyopinion,on-linevotingisaninseparablepartofmodernlifeandshouldbewelcomed,sinceitisnomorethanawaytoparticipateinpubliclife.Itmakesnodifferencefromordinaryvotingevents,inwhichcandidatesgoaroundtoseeksupport.Inaddition,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.Furthermore,votingontheInternetmakesinstantfeedbackpossible.Tobehonest,voterssometimesfeelannoyed,notbecausetheyhatevoting,butbecausetheyaredividedbetweenemotionandfairness.Thingswillturnforthebetterifwecanworkoutsomeparticipationrulesforpeopletoobey.Therefore,Iholdapositiveattitudetowardsonlinevoting.UsefulexpressionsOn-linevoting:Internetvoting;votingontheInternet網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票Itisbeneficialtosomepeople,whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.一方面，它確實對一些人來說有利，然而另一方面，它將其余的人在投與不投的問題上推向了兩難境地。bebeneficialtosb.對sb.有好處putsb.intoadilemmaoversth.在某事上將sb.推向了兩難的境地beinadilemmaaboutsth.在某事上進退兩難3.Inmyopinion,on-linevotingisaninseparablepartofmodernlifeandshouldbewelcomed,sinceitisnomorethanawaytoparticipateinpubliclife.Itmakesnodifferencefromordinaryvotingevents,inwhichcandidatesgoaroundtoseeksupport.在我看來，網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票是現(xiàn)代生活中不可分割的一部分,并且理應(yīng)受到歡迎，因為它提供了另一種參與公眾生活的途徑。雖然它與普通的投票形式?jīng)]有區(qū)別，但是對于普通的投票而言，候選人需要四處（走動）去尋求（他人）支持。inseparableadj.不可分割的參考范文BInternetvotingisquitepopularnowadays.Manypeoplearesomewhatpuzzledatthenegativesideofthevoting,althoughsomearequitehappywithit,andactiveindoingit.Inmyopinion,Internetvotinghasbeguntoshowitsnegativeimpactsonpeopleandsociety.Firstly,peoplemayfeelforcedwhenaskedtodothingsthattheydon’twantto.Secondly,votingofthiskinddoesnotdependonthestrongpointsofthecompetitors,butratheronhowmanysocial-networkingresourcestheyhave.Thirdly,thevotersoreventhecompetitorsinmanycasesarepossiblytakingadvantageofcommercialadvertisement.Inshort,Internetvoting,tosomeextent,isunfair,ifnotimmoral,andcannotbetrusted.Therefore,rulesshouldbeworkedoutandstrictlyobserved.Everyoneinoursocietyshouldhelpthoseinneed,butitismoreimportanttobesincereandearnest.Usefulexpressions1.Manypeoplearesomewhatpuzzledatthenegativesideofthevoting,althoughsomearequitehappywithit,andactiveindoingit.盡管一些人樂于網(wǎng)上投票，也積極參與其中，但是許多人還是擔心其消極的一面。puzzlevt.使困惑bepuzzledatsth.對sth.感到困惑puzzlevi.冥思苦想puzzleabout/oversth.苦苦思索某事2.showitsnegativeimpactsonpeopleandsociety對人們和社會都有負面影響。3.Secondly,votingofthiskinddoesnotdependonthestrongpointsofthecompetitors,butratheronhowmanysocial-networkingresourcestheyhave.第二、這種投票不取決于競爭者的強項，而取決于他們所擁有社會關(guān)系資源的數(shù)量。social-networkingresources社會關(guān)系資源4.commercialadvertisement商業(yè)廣告5.Everyoneinoursocietyshouldhelpthoseinneed,butitismoreimportanttobesincereandearnest.我們社會上的每一個人都應(yīng)該幫助那些需要幫助的人，但是更重要的是應(yīng)該誠實和認真。sincereadj.真誠的，誠實的sincerethanks誠摯的謝意earnest(1)adj.serious認真的，誠摯的；(2)n.(u)認真seriousnessinearnest認真地beinearnest鄭重其事ThistimeI’minearnest.這次我是認真的。Practice=2\*ROMANII學(xué)校運動會浪費現(xiàn)象(TopicalIssues,Schoollife)近年來，部分學(xué)校的運動會花費越來越高?，F(xiàn)在，請你就此現(xiàn)象，按以下提示，寫一篇英語短文。寫作內(nèi)容：花費增高體現(xiàn)：買運動服、做海報等；相應(yīng)弊端：造成浪費、增加負擔；提出建議：培養(yǎng)團隊意識、減壓和娛樂參考范文Inrecentyears,someschoolsportsmeetingshavecostmoreandmore.Forexample,itistypicalofmanymorestudentstopurchasethesportsuniforms,whichtheydon’tusuallywearintheirdailylife.Besides,postersandslogansforthesportsmeetingsaremadealmosteverytime,whichusuallycostalargeamountofmoney.Andunfortunately,thesebehaviorsresultinabigwasteofmoneyandtheywillalsoputaheavyburdenonourparents.Inmyopinion,whenwearehavingaschoolsportsmeeting,we’dbetterfocusonthesportseventsthemselves,trytodeveloptheteamspirit,relieveourpressureandgetfunaswell.Practice=3\*ROMANIII【2014年浙江卷】向?qū)W校圖書館推薦新書(TopicalIssues,LiteratureandArt)學(xué)校圖書館需要購置一批新書，現(xiàn)向?qū)W生征求意見。假如你是李越，你認為學(xué)校圖書館最需要購置科普類圖書（popularsciencebooks）和文學(xué)類圖書（literarybooks）。請你用英語給圖書館王老師寫一封100-120詞的信，推薦這兩類書，并分別說明推薦理由。=1\*ROMANIUsefulexpressions1.Knowingthatourlibraryisgoingtobuybooks,I’dliketogivesomesuggestions.得知我們學(xué)校圖書館將采購書籍，我想提供一些建議。

2.Theyhelpusunderstandsciencesubjectsbetterandarouseourcuriosityaboutscientificdiscoveries他們幫助我們更好地理解自然科學(xué)學(xué)科并且也能激發(fā)我們對科學(xué)探索的好奇心。

3.Theycannotonlyhelpusunderstandwhatwelearninourclassbetter，butalsohelpbroadenourhorizons.他們不僅可以幫助我們更好地理解我們在課堂中所學(xué)的知識，而且可以幫助我們拓寬視野。

4.Theyalsocankeepusstudentsinterestedinscience.他們也可以讓學(xué)生對科學(xué)產(chǎn)生興趣。

5.Inadditiontoreadingforknowledge,wereadforfunandinspiration.除了為學(xué)知識而閱讀外，我們也為了娛樂和受到啟迪而閱讀。

6.Classicworkspresentgreatthoughtsthroughfascinatingstoriesandlanguage.古典的作品通過精彩的故事和具有感染力的語言來傳遞偉大的思想。

7.Theynotonlyofferusjoyandexcitement,butalsoencourageustothinkcritically.他們不僅可以給我們帶來快樂和興奮，而且可以鼓勵我們進行批判性思考。

8.I'llbegladifyoucanconsidermyrecommendation.如果你能考慮我的建議，我將非常高興。

9.Iwouldbeveryglad/pleased/happyifmyadvicecanbeofsomehelp.如果我的建議對你有用，我將非常高興。=2\*ROMANII句型練習(xí)Foronething,_________________________________________________________________.Foranother,______________________________________________________________________.參考范文ADearMr.Wang,I’mLiYue,astudentwhostudiesinourschool.Aswestudentsknow,ourschoollibraryisgoingtopurchasesomenewbooks.Consequently,I’mwritingtoyoutogivesomesuggestions.AsfarasIamconcerned,popularsciencebooksarethebestchoice,whichwillnotonlycontributetohelpingusunderstandwhatwelearninourclass,butalsocanhelpbroadenourhorizons.Moreimportantly,booksofthiskindwillsurelykeepusstudentsinterestedinscience.Besides,whenwearetiredfromstudy,wecanturntoliterarybooksforfun.Ithinksuchbooksarealsowhatweneed,whichwillhelprelaxourselves.SoIadvisethatyoushouldconsiderbuyingliterarybooksaswell.Iwouldbeverygladifmyadvicecanbeofsomehelp.Yourssincerely,LiYue參考范文BDearMr.