2021西安市高考英語沖刺選練及答案8

閱讀理解。Britain’slong-termunemployedcouldbeforcedtocarryoutmanualworkorrisklosingtheirwelfarebenefitsunderplansbeingputforwardbythegovernment.TheU.S.-styleschemewouldseethelong-termjoblessorderedtotakeupfour-weekplacementsinordertogetthemusedtohavingafull-timejob.Theideaispartofmajorreforms,duetobeunveiledthisweek,tomakecutstoBritain’shugewelfarebill,reducedependencyonbenefitsandweedoutthoseearningmoneybutnotdeclaringit,paperssaid.“Whatwearetalkingabouthereispeoplewhohavenotbeenusedtoworkinghavingboththeopportunityandperhapsabitmoreofapushaswell,toexperiencetheworkplacefromtimetotime.ThevastmajorityofpeopleinBritainwillthinkthatistherightthingtodo.”ForeignSecretaryWilliamHaguetoldBBCTV.ShortlyaftertheConservative-LiberalDemocratUniontookpowerinMay,WorkandPensionsSecretaryIainDuncanSmithunveiledplanstosimplifythecomplexwebofbenefitsavailabletoreduceerrorsandinefficiencies.DuncanSmithsaidthesystemhadbecomeregressiveandwasnotgivingpeopletherightencouragementtoworkasmanywerefinanciallybetteroffunemployed.Underhisplans,separatebenefitsforitemssuchashousing,incomesupportordisabilitywillbereplacedbya“universalcredit”systemwhereby(靠那個)individualhouseholdswouldgetasinglewelfarepaymenttoensurethoseinworkwouldbebetteroff.TheObservernewspapersaidthatinreturn,long-termunemployedwouldbetoldtotakeupworkplacementsofatleast30hoursaweekforafour-weekperiod.Iftheyrefuseorfailtocompletetheprogramme,theirjobseekers’allowance,worth64.30poundsaweekforthoseover25,couldbestoppedforatleastthreemonths.【文章大意】由于英國的福利過高,再加上近年來的經濟危機造成的高失業(yè)率,越來越多的英國人不愿再去勞心費勁地工作,干脆賴在家里向政府伸手要錢。當局為了削減養(yǎng)“好逸惡勞者”的經費,出臺強制性勞動方案,要求失業(yè)的人從事勞力工作,以此督促他們樂觀查找工作。1.Whatwilltheunemployedwithwelfarebenefitsfaceifthemajorreformtakeseffect?A.Theywilllosetheirwelfarebenefitsiftheydon’twork.B.Theywillbeencouragedtobuytheirownfarms.C.Theywilldosomekindsofjobs.D.EitherAorC.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。第一段第一句話的carryoutmanualworkorrisklosingtheirwelfarebenefits說明在新政下“懶漢”們面臨的兩種選擇。2.WhatwillmostBritishpeoplethinkofthenewreformaccordingtoWilliamHague?A.Theyareagainstitsincetheunemployedarepoor.B.Theyareforitsincetheunemployedshouldkeepfit.C.Theyareforitsinceit’sunfairfortheemployedandunemployed.D.Theydon’tcareasthere’reafewunemployedpeoplehavingwelfarebenefits.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。第四段中ThevastmajorityofpeopleinBritainwillthinkthatistherightthingtodo.說明絕大多數英國人支持新政。4.TheunderlinedwordinParagraph6mostlikelymeans.A.well-received B.far-reachingC.old-fashioned D.live-and-let-live【解析】選C。詞義猜想題。從該詞所在句的wasnotgivingpeopletherightencouragementtowork可知即將取消的措施就要過時了。4.WhatistheaimofBritain’smajorreformforthelong-termunemployed?A.Toreducethecostofwelfarebillwithhealthyeconomysystem.B.Tomakethemhealthierandsavecostinmedicalcare.C.Tohelpmorepeoplegothroughfinancialcrisis.D.Toincreasepayandbonusforthoseemployed.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。第三段的tomakecutstoBritain’shugewelfarebill是直接目的,最終的目的還是要建立合理健康的福利制度體系。閱讀理解。Batteriescanpoweranythingfromsmallsensorstolargesystems.Whilescientistsarefindingwaystomakethemsmallerbutevenmorepowerful,problemscanarisewhenthesebatteriesaremuchlargerandheavierthanthedevicesthemselves.Universityof“Toprovideenoughpower,weneedcertainmethodswithhighenergydensity”，saidJaeKwon,assistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatMU.“Theradioisotope(放射性同位素)batterycanprovidepowerdensitythatismuchhigherthanchemicalbatteries.”Kwonandhisresearchteamhavebeenworkingonbuildingasmallnuclearbattery,presentlythesizeandthicknessofapenny,intendedtopowervariousmicro/nanoelectromechanicalsystems(M/NEMS).Althoughnuclearbatteriescancauseconcerns,Kwonsaidtheyaresafe.“Peopleheartheword‘nuclear’andthinkofsomethingverydangerous,”hesaid,“However,nuclearpowersourceshavealreadybeensafelypoweringavarietyofdevices,suchaspace-makers,spacesatellitesandunderwatersystems.”Hisnewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssize,butalsoinitssemiconductor(半導體).Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.“Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergy,partoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructureofthesolidsemiconductor,”Kwonsaid,“Byusingaliquidsemiconductor,webelievewecanminimizethatproblem.”TogetherwithJ.DavidRobertson,chemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactor,Kwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuture,theyhopetoincreasethebattery’spower,shrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatbatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.16.WhichofthefollowingistrueofJaeKwon?A.HeteacheschemistryatMU.

B.Hedevelopedachemicalbattery.C.Heisworkingonanuclearenergysource.D.Hemadeabreakthroughincomputerengineering.17.JaeKwongaveexamplesinParagraph4_________.A.toshowchemicalbatteriesarewidelyapplied.B.tointroducenuclearbatteriescanbesafelyused.C.todescribeanuclear-poweredsystem.D.tointroducevariousenergysources.18.Liquidsemiconductorisusedto_________.A.getridoftheradioactivewaste

B.testthepowerofnuclearbatteries.C.decreasethesizeofnuclearbatteries D.reducethedamagetolatticestructure.19.AccordingtoJaeKwon,hisnuclearbattery_______.A.usesasolidsemiconductor

B.willsoonreplacethepresentones.C.couldbeextremelythin

D.haspassedthefinaltest.20.Thetextismostprobablya________.A.sciencenewsreport

B.bookreview

C.newspaperad

D.sciencefictionstory【參考答案】16—20、CBDCA閱讀理解。Whenmostpeoplethinkoftropicalislands,linedwithwhitesandybeachesandbrightblueseas,itisoftentheCaribbeanorSouthPacificthatcomestomind.ButforChinesetouristswhowantatasteofparadiseonEarththereisanewplacetoconsider.Mauritius,anislandlyingoffthesoutheastofAfricaintheIndianOcean,hasjustbeenaddedtoChina’slistoftouristdestinations.Richinhistory,naturalbeautyandculture,theislandhasbeenapopulardestinationfortheworld’stouristsformanyyears.OnDecember15atotalofeightAfricancountrieswereaddedtothelist.TheothersareTunisia,Tanzania,Ethiopia,Kenya,Zimbabwe,ZambiaandtheSeychelles.TheislandhaspassedthroughthecontrollinghandsofanumberofEuropeanpowers,includingDutch,FrenchandBritish.In1968,Mauritiuswonitsindependence.Atpresent,overhalfthepopulationofMauritiusisHinduandanotherfifthisMuslim.Bothgroupsaredescendants(后裔)fromworkersbroughttotheislandfromIndiabytheBritish.SomeChinesewerealsobroughtovertowork.TherearealsodescendantsofAfricanslavesandFranco-Mauritians,theoriginalsettlersoftheisland.Oneofthebestthingsabouttheislandisthefood.Thereisamouth-wateringmixofEuropean,ChineseandIndianflavoursandseafoodisverypopular.AtypicalMauritiandinnermighthaveIndianchickencurry,Chinesepork,BritishroastbeefandFrench-stylevegetables.Boiledriceisservedwithjustabouteverything.Allthatiswasheddownwithaplentifulsupplyoflocalbeerandrum(朗姆酒).Thepleasanttropicalclimateandsceneryprovidetheperfectsettingtoenjoyeverything.Theseaisfullofcolorfullifethatlivesaroundthecoralreef.ThismakesMauritiusawonderfulplaceforswimminganddiving.Thelargenumberofinterestingfishmeansitisalsoanexcitingplaceforthosewholiketogofishing.(from)5.Whichofthefollowingcan’tbeusedtodescribeMauritius?A.Tropicalisland,whitesandybeachandbrightbluesea.B.Beautifulscenery,richhistoryandculture.C.MostofthepeopleinMauritiusareblack.D.Deliciousfoodmixedwitheasternandwesternflavours.6.Whichgroupofthefollowingtopicsisnotdiscussedinthetext?A.Foodandhistory.B.Sceneryandpopulation.C.Locationandsports.D.Naturalresourcesandagriculture.7.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.MauritiushassomethingsimilartotheCaribbeanorSouthPacific.B.Mauritiushasahistoryoflessthan40years.C.MauritiushasbeenapopulardestinationforChinesetouristsformanyyears.D.ThemainfoodinMauritiusislocalbeerandrum.8.Theunderlinedword“This”inthelastparagraphrefersto________.A.Pleasanttropicalclimate B.BeautifulsceneryC.Theseawithcolorfullife D.Thecoralreef5.C事實細節(jié)題。第五段“overhalfthepopulationofMauritiusisHindu”的意義：毛里求斯現在一半的人口為印度人。依據我們中同學應當具備的常識，印度人不屬于黑色人種，由此推斷可知6.D事實歸納題。通讀全文，短文中沒有涉及“自然資源和農業(yè)”。其他幾項都能找到。7.A推想題。短文第一段的意義是：一提起以白色的沙灘和迷人的大海而著稱的熱帶群島，人們大多會想起加勒比海或是南太平洋上的島嶼。而現在，中國游客又多了另外一個天堂般的好去處——毛里求斯。由此襯托出毛里求斯與加勒比?；蚰咸窖笊系膷u嶼有相類似的風光。毛里求斯1968年贏得獨立，獨立不到40年，但不能說她有不到40年的歷史，可排解B項。其次段提到毛里求斯日前對中國公民開放旅游，可排解C項。倒數其次段“Boiledriceisservedwithjustabouteverything.Allthatiswasheddownwithaplentifulsupplyoflocalbeerandrum”的意思是：主食為米飯。用餐的時候少不了喝一些當地的啤酒和朗姆酒，可排解D項8.C指代題。依據這兩句的意義：五顏六色的小生物在珊瑚礁四周生存和繁衍，把大海點綴得格外秀麗。(這樣的大海)使毛里求斯成為游客暢游、潛水的好地方。因此，This指代Theseawithcolorfullife。（2022大綱卷）其次節(jié)書面表達(滿分25分)一家英語報社向中同學征文，主題是“十年后的我”、請依據下列要求和你的想象完成短文、家庭工作業(yè)余生活留意：1、次數100左右；2、可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭語已為你寫好Ioftenimaginewhatmylifewillbelikeinthefuture.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【考點】考察半開放性作文【寫作指導】本文的話題是“十年后