新課標2024高考英語二輪復習專題練習13構詞法

PAGEPAGE1專題練習十三構詞法A(2024·河南項城高三段考)TheSilkRoadisinfact__1__relativelyrecentterm.Theseancientroadshadnoparticularnameuntilinthemid-nineteenthcentury;BaronFerdinandVonRichthofennamedthetradeandcommunicationnetworktheSilkRoad.Sincethentheterm__2__(accept)globally.Inthenineteenthcentury,anewtypeoftravelerssteppedontotheSilkRoad:archaeologistsandgeographers,enthusiasticexplorerswhowereeager__3__(look)foradventure.ResearcherswhocamefrommanycountriestraveledthroughtheTaklamakanDesert,__4__isnowinXinjiang,toexploreancientsitesalongtheSilkRoad,__5__(lead)tomanydiscoveriesandstudies,andmostofall,arenewedinterest__6__thehistoryoftheseroutes.Today,manyhistoric__7__(build)andmonumentsstillstand,markingthepassageoftheSilkRoadthroughhotels,portsandcities.What'smore,thelong-standinglegacy(遺產)ofthis__8__(remark)networkisreflectedinalargenumberofcultures,languages,customsandreligionsthathavedevelopedformanyyearsalongtheseroutes.Thepassageofmerchantsandtravelersofmanydifferentnationalitiesresultednotonlyincommercialexchange,__9__inawidespreadandcontinualprocessofculturalinteraction.__10__(obvious),ithasbecomeadrivingforceintheformation(形成)ofdiversesocieties.這是一篇說明文。主要講解并描述絲綢之路的歷史和它的現代意義。1．a解析：考查副詞。句意：絲綢之路是一個相對近期的術語。term“術語”是可數名詞，結合語境用單數，故填a。2．has_been_accepted解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。由Sincethen可推斷，句子用現在完成時，且主語theterm和accept之間是被動關系，故用現在完成時的被動語態(tài)。故填hasbeenaccepted。3．to_look解析：考查固定搭配。beeagertodosth.“渴望做某事”，是常用搭配，故填tolook。4．which解析：考查非限制性定語從句?！癬_4__isnowinXinjiang”作定語，先行詞是theTaklamakanDesert，在從句中作主語，指物，用關系代詞which引導非限制性定語從句。故填which。5．leading解析：考查非謂語動詞。“__5__(lead)tomanydiscoveriesandstudies”是狀語，lead與其邏輯主語Researchers之間是主動關系，表示意料之內的結果用現在分詞，故填leading。6．in解析：考查介詞。interestin“對……的愛好”，是常用搭配。故填in。7．buildings解析：考查名詞的單復數。many修飾可數名詞復數，句意：今日，很多歷史性的建筑和紀念碑仍舊聳立在那里。故填buildings。8．remarkable解析：考查形容詞。修飾名詞network用形容詞作定語，remark“評論”是名詞，形容詞是remarkable“非凡的；卓越的”。故填remarkable。9．but解析：考查固定搭配。句意：很多不同民族的商人和旅行者的到來不僅帶來了商業(yè)溝通，而且?guī)砹藦V泛而持續(xù)的文化互動過程。notonly...but(also)．..“不僅……而且……”，是固定搭配，結合語境，故填but。10．Obviously解析：考查副詞。obviously是狀語，作狀語用副詞形式，置于句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Obviously。B(2024·四川省成都外國語學校月考)ForNigelPortman,aloveoftravellingbeganwithwhat'scalleda“gapyear”.IncommonwithmanyotherBritishteenagers,hechose__1__(take)ayearoutbeforesettlingdowntostudyforhisdegree.Afterdoingvarious__2__(job)toraisesomemoney,helefthometogainsomeexperienceoflifeindifferentcultures,visitingAmericaandAsia.Themoreadventurousayoungperson,the__3__(great)challengetheyarelikelytoset__4__(them)forthegapyear,andforsome,likeNigel,itcanresultinathirstforadventure.Nowthathisuniversitycourse__5__(come)toanend,Nigelisjustabouttoleaveonathree-yeartripthatwilltakehimrightaroundtheworld.What'smore,heplanstomakethewholejourney__6__(use)onlymeansoftransportwhicharepoweredbynaturalenergy.Inotherwords,he'llberelying__7__(main)onbicyclesandhisownlegs;andwhenthere'sanoceantocross,hewon'tbetakingashortcut(捷徑)__8__flyingaboard—he'llbejoiningthecrewofasailingship,instead.Aswellasdoingsomemountainclimbingalong__9__way,Nigelhopestopassontothepeoplehemeetstheenvironmentalmessage__10__liesbehindthewholeidea.本文是一篇記敘文，講解并描述的是NigelPortman的旅行。對NigelPortman來說，對旅行的酷愛始于所謂的“間隔年”。和很多其他英國青少年一樣，他選擇了一年的時間，然后才安定下來攻讀學位。1．to_take解析：考查固定搭配。choosetodosth.選擇做某事，故答案為totake。2．jobs解析：考查名詞復數。依據various(各種各樣的)可知后面用名詞復數，故答案為jobs。3．greater解析：考查固定句式。句意：年輕人越喜愛冒險，他們就有可能在間隔年給自己設定更大的挑戰(zhàn)。The＋比較級，the＋比較級，越……就越……。故答案為greater。4．themselves解析：考查反身代詞。句意：年輕人越喜愛冒險，他們就有可能在間隔年給自己設定更大的挑戰(zhàn)。結合句意可知此處用反身代詞，故答案為themselves。5．has_come解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：高校課程已經結束了。句子用現在完成時態(tài)，句子主語是course，單數第三人稱形式，故答案為hascome。6．using解析：考查現在分詞。句意：他安排用自然能源驅動的交通工具來完成整個旅程。動詞use和主語he之間構成邏輯上的主動關系，故此處用現在分詞作方式狀語，故答案為using。7．mainly解析：考查副詞。此處rely是動詞，副詞修飾動詞，故答案為mainly。8．by/through解析：考查固定結構。by/throughdoingsth.通過做某事，故答案為by/through。9．the解析：考查固定詞組。句意：除了沿途爬山之外，Nigel還希望把他遇到的環(huán)境信息傳遞給人們，這是整個想法背后的緣由。alongtheway沿途，一路上，故答案為the。10．that/which解析：考查定語從句。此處message是先行詞，指物，后面是定語從句，缺少主語，故答案為which/that。C(2024·福清華僑中學高三期中)Asasayinggoes,hewhodoesn'treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.TheGreatWallinChina__1__(impress)everyonewhoseesforthefirsttime__2__thegeneraltouriststoscholars.Thevastnessofthestructurehelpschildrengraspthegreat__3__(achieve)inhumanhistoryandcanhelpinspirethem__4__(learn)moreabouthumansuccessoveronethousandyears.__5__(construct)overaperiodof2,000years,thestonesolider__6__(actual)consistsofmanygreatwalls,someof__7__datebacktothefifthcenturyBC.ThefirstemperorofChina,QinShiHuang,__8__(order)theseearlierlongwallsectionslinkedandextendedwithwatchtowerstoprotectthenewempirefromnortherntribes.Succeedingemperorsanddynastiescontinuedtheconstruction,__9__(spread)westwardintotheGobideserttoguard__10__SilkRoad.Alltogether,thewallsmayhavestretchedmorethan30,000miles.文章講解并描述了世界奇跡長城的起源、建設過程和深遠影響。1．impresses解析：考查動詞。此處指長城給每個第一次看到它的人留下深刻印象，與主語一樣用第三人稱單數，故填impresses。2．from解析：考查介詞。此處表示從一般游客到學者，from...to...“從……到……”，故填from。3．achievements解析：考查名詞。此處由great修飾，用名詞，指宏大的成就。故填achievements。4．to_learn解析：考查動詞不定式。inspiresb.todosth.激發(fā)某人做某事，故填tolearn。5．Constructed解析：考查過去分詞。句中主語thestonesoldier和動詞construct是被動關系，指被建立。此處是過去分詞作狀語，故填Constructed。6．actually解析：考查副詞。此處修飾動詞consist，用副詞，指實際組成，故填actually。7．which解析：考查關系代詞。句中包含定語從句，先行詞是walls，指物，放在介詞of后用關系代詞which，故填which。8．ordered解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。依據ThefirstemperorofChina,QinShiHuang，可知是敘述秦始皇時期的事，指秦始皇吩咐把各段長城連接起來，用一般過去時。故填ordered。9．spreading解析：考查動詞形式。此處指隨后的皇帝和朝代接著建設長城，使它向西延長到戈壁沙漠。此處是現在分詞作賓補，補充說明theconstruction。故填spreading。10．the解析：考查冠詞。此處特指絲綢之路theSilkRoad，用定冠詞the表特指，故填the。D(2024·安徽宿城一中高三質檢)Tosupporttheactivityname“GreenTravel,StartwithMe”，Italktomyparentsaboutmyideas.Theywereverysupportive,saytheywouldnotdriveworkfromthenon.Inthefollowingweeks,astheypromised,Iwenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,whilemyparentswenttoworkbybus.Thoughweweretired,butweallfelthappily.LastFriday,theclassmeetingwasheld.Someparentswereinvited,includingmyfatherandmother.Wesharedourthoughtduringthemeeting.Allofusheldthesameviewwhichenvironmentalprotectionissoimportantforourlife.答案Tosupporttheactivityeq\o(name,\s\do10(named))“GreenTravel,StartwithMe”，Ieq\o(talk,\s\do10(talked))tomyparentsaboutmyideas.Theywereverysupportive,eq\o(say,\s\do10(saying))theywouldnotdriveeq\o(∧,\s\do10(to))workfromthenon.Inthefollowingweeks,aseq\o(they,\s\do10(we))promised,Iwenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,whilemyparentswenttoworkbybus.Thoughweweretired,eq\o(but,＼)weallfelteq\o(happily,\s\do10(happy)).LastFriday,eq\o(the,\s\do10(a))classmeetingwasheld.Someparentswereinvited,includingmyfatherandmother.Wesharedoureq\o(thought,\s\do10(thoughts))duringthemeeting.Allofusheldthesamevieweq\o(which,\s\do10(that))environmentalprotectionissoimportantforourlife.E(2024·攀枝花市高三其次次統考)IamaGradeThreestudentinChina.IhopetogotoyouruniversitytolearnEnglishafterfinishmyhighschool.EnglishplayedanimportantpartinourdailylifebutIlikeitsomuchthatIwanttobeateacherofEnglish.IhavealittledifficultinEnglish.ButIwillstudyhardlytoimproveitifIhaveanopportunitygotoyouruniversity.Besides,Ilikeyourcitybecauseithasanenvironmentwhichdifferswithmycity.AndIwillmakemanyfriendandcommunicatefrequentlywithhim.I'dappreciateitifyoutakemyapplicationintotheconsideration.答案IamaGradeThreestudentinChina.IhopetogotoyouruniversitytolearnEnglishaftereq\o(finish,\s\do10(finishing))myhighschool.Englisheq\o(played,\s\do10(plays))animportantpartinourdailylifeeq\o(but,\s\do10(and))IlikeitsomuchthatIwanttobeateacherofEnglish.Ihavealittleeq\o(difficult,\s\do10(difficulty))inEnglish.ButIwillstudyeq\o(hardly,\s\do10(hard))toimproveitifIhaveanopportunityeq\o(∧,\s\do10(to))gotoyouruniversity.Besides,Ilikeyourcitybecauseithasanenvironmentwhichdifferseq\o(with,\s\do10(from))mycity.AndIwillmakemanyeq\o(friend,\s\do10(friends))andcommunicatefrequentlywitheq\o(him,\s\do10(them)).I'dappreciateitifyoutakemyapplicationintoeq\o(the,＼)consideration.F(2024·廈門雙十中學高三期中)Ilikedcyclingverymuch.Atageoftwelve,myfatherboughtmeabikeasabirthdaygiftsandtaughtmehowtoride.Everytimemyfathertookhimoutforpractice,mylittlebrotherwouldcomealong.Oneday,wewerepracticingwhilesuddenlymybro