重慶市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題

2024年重慶一中高2026屆高二上期半期考試英語(yǔ)試題卷英語(yǔ)試題卷共9頁(yè)。滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2．作答時(shí)，務(wù)必將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷及草稿紙上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1分，滿分5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whatshouldthemandotosavehisplant?A．Giveitmorefood.B．Giveitlesswater.C．Giveitlesssunlight.2．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Sheisshortwithdarkhair.B．Shehasacousinwithgoldenhair.C．Shedreamedofmakinghairchanges.3．Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A．Addhertothelist.B．Bookaticketforher.C．Giveheraphonenumber.4．Whatarethespeakersprobablydoingrightnow?A．Attendingaparty.B．Goingfoodshopping.C．Searchingforaparkingspace.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirplansforthefuture.B．Afriendoftheirs.C．Amoviecharacter.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whycan’tthemanusehisownphone?A．Ithasrunoutofbattery.B．Hehaslostitsomewhere.C．There’saproblemwiththescreen.7．Howdoestheapphelpthewomansleep?A．Itplaysrelaxingmusic.B．Itblocksoutthebluescreenlight.C．ItpreventsInternetuseintheevening.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatistheman’sproblem?A．Hehasatemperature.B．HeisstrugglingtosaveenergyC．Heistoocoldtodohiswork.9．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?.A．Inanoffice.B．Inthewoman’shouse.C．Inaschool.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A．Startingworkingfromhome.B．TakingbettercareoftheirhealthC．Discussingtheissuewiththeleader.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Howdothespeakersfeelnow?A．Bored.B．Disappointed.C．Excited.12．Whatisprobablythewoman’smaininterest?A．Gardening.B．Toyhouses.C．Modeltrains.13．Whatwillthemanprobablydofirst?A．Gotothebathroom.B．Getsomethingtoeat.C．Buythetickets.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Motherandson.B．Strangers.C．Teacherandstudent.15．Whatmonthisitnow?A．September.B．October.C．November.16．Whatsportwasthemaninvolvedin?A．Football.B．Swimming.C．Basketball.17．Whatdoesthemanprobablywanttobeinthefuture?A．Anartist.B．Anathlete.C．Adoctor.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．WhodidthespeakergototheAICanteenwith?A．Afamilymember.B．Alocalfriend.C．Abusinesspartner.19．Whatisonedisadvantageofthecanteenaccordingtothespeaker?A．Itlackedhumanemotions.B．Therewasn’tmuchchoice.C．Thefooddidn’ttasteverynice.20．HowmanypeoplecantheAIsystemserveinaday?A．100．B．200．C．300．第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APeoplehavebeenrecyclinghouseholdwasteforroughlytwodecades.Nevertheless,someuncertaintyexistsregardingwhichitemsarerecyclableandwhicharenot.Astechnologyprogresses,anincreasingnumberofitemshavebeerecyclable.COFFEECAPSULESOnaverage,Australiansareusingmorethanthreemillioncoffeecapsulesperday,andabout1.5millionhouseholdshaveautomaticcoffeemachines.Whilethecapsulesaredisastrousfortheenvironment,theycanstillberecycled.Nespressooffersafreereturnprogramandhasdropofflocations,allowingyoutobringthecapsulestoNespressostoresfordisposal(處理).LIGHTBULBSInsteadofdiscardinglightbulbsinthetrash,somelocalgovernmentsrunrecyclingcenters,whereyoucanplacesuchitems.Ifyouregularlyrecyclehouseholdglass,kindlyremembertowashtheglassandremoveanylidsbeforehand.PIZZABOXESNormallypizzaboxesdon’tmakeitintorecyclingbecausethey’recoveredingrease(油脂)andleftoverbitsofcheese.Whenapizzaboxistoooily,itwon’tbetakentoarecyclingprocessingplant.Ifpossible,removeasmuchoftheleftoversasyoucanbeforerecycling.Ifthepizzaboxcan’tberecycled,tearoffthelidwhichcanstillberecycled.HOUSEHOLDBATTERIESHouseholdbatteriescanalsoberecycled.Batteriesthatdoendupinlandfillscancauseaseriousproblemtotheenvironmentastheycanreleasepoisonouschemicalsintothesoilwhichareharmfultobothhumansandanimals.Buttoncellbatteries,whichareusedinhearingaidsandwatches,canalsoberecycled.1.HowdoesNespressohelpwiththecoffeecapsules?A.Byofferinggoodcoffeeforfree.B.Bycollectingcapsulesforrecycling.C.Byexchangingcoffeemachinesregularly.D.Bywarningpeopleoftheharmofcoffeecapsules.2.Whatdopeopleneedtodofirsttorecyclepizzaboxes?A.Washthemmanytimes. B.Dropoffboxesatthepizzashop.C.Takethemtothelocalgovernment. D.Cleartheleftoversasmuchaspossible.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Health. B.Entertainment. C.Environment. D.Culture.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要列舉了一些可以回收利用的生活垃圾?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Nespressooffersafreereturnprogramandhasdropofflocations,allowingyoutobringthecapsulestoNespressostoresfordisposal(處理).(Nespresso咖啡機(jī)提供免費(fèi)退還計(jì)劃，并設(shè)有放置地點(diǎn)，允許您將膠囊?guī)У絅espresso商店進(jìn)行處理。)”可知，Nespresso通過(guò)收集膠囊回收利用來(lái)幫助處理咖啡膠囊。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ifpossible,removeasmuchoftheleftoversasyoucanbeforerecycling.(如果可能的話，在回收之前盡可能多地清理殘留的飯菜。)”可知，要回收比薩盒子，首先就要盡可能將盒子上殘留的飯菜清理干凈。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplehavebeenrecyclinghouseholdwasteforroughlytwodecades.(大約二十年來(lái)，人們一直在回收生活垃圾。)”、第二段“Whilethecapsulesaredisastrousfortheenvironment,theycanstillberecycled.(雖然這些膠囊對(duì)環(huán)境是災(zāi)難性的，但它們?nèi)匀豢梢曰厥绽谩?”、第三段“Insteadofdiscardinglightbulbsinthetrash,somelocalgovernmentsrunrecyclingcenters,whereyoucanplacesuchitems.(一些地方政府沒(méi)有把燈泡扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，而是開(kāi)設(shè)了回收中心，你可以把這些東西放在那里。)”和最后一段“Batteriesthatdoendupinlandfillscancauseaseriousproblemtotheenvironmentastheycanreleasepoisonouschemicalsintothesoilwhichareharmfultobothhumansandanimals.(最終被填埋的電池會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題，因?yàn)樗鼈儠?huì)向土壤中釋放有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)，對(duì)人類(lèi)和動(dòng)物都有害。)”可知，文章主要講述了對(duì)一些對(duì)環(huán)境有害的生活垃圾的回收利用。故選C。BMycuriosityaboutbodylanguagestartedwithaparticularprofessorfrommyuniversity.Onabriskmorning,asheplayfullypointedoutmytendencytorubmynosewheneverIwoveexcusesforbeinglatetohislectures,hefascinatedmewiththegrippingnotionof“Pinocchio”.Actually,whensomeonetellsalie,theperson’sbloodrushestothenoseandtheextrabloodmakesititchy(發(fā)癢的).Thislittleexampleofnonverbalmunicationinspiredmetobeeabodylanguageexpert.Now,Iearnmylivingbytrainingpeopleinnonverbalmunication.Knowingwhensomeoneislyingandknowinghowtopersuadepeopleyou’retellingthetrutharetwoofthemostimportantskillsyou’lleverlearn.Ihavespentalotoftimestudyingthewaysthehumanbodygivesmorereliableinformationthanthewordswespeak.Thewordssayonethingbutthebodymaysaysomethingpletelydifferent.Weknowthatcrossedarmscanbeseenaseitherdefensiveoraggressive,butwhataboutfacialexpressions,posturesandgestures?Allofthesesayalotandcanonlybeunderstoodifyouknowhowtomakesenseofthesigns.BusinessclientsarealwaysinneedofmyservicesandItrytoimprovetheirconfidencebyteachingthemaboutbodylanguage.Igiveadviceabouthandshakes,whichshouldalwaysbefirmandsteady,andIteachtheimportanceofpersonalspace.Theymayseemlikeminormatters,butthesecodesofbehaviourcanbethekeytomakingorbreakingabusinessdeal.Myworkinglifegivesmeagreatdealofsatisfaction.IfeelthatI’mprovidingapublicservice,butitisaservicethathashaditsdownside.WheneverImeetsomeonenewandItellthemwhatIdoforaliving,theyimmediatelyputtheirguardupandthey’renolongerrelaxed.TheyquiteliterallyfreezeintheattempttohideallthesignalsthattheythinkI’mreading.Itmakeslifedifficultattimes,butIconsideritasmallpricetopayforajobIenjoysomuch.4.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningtheauthor’sprofessorinthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowhowhumoroushisprofessorwas.B.Tointroducewhattheconceptof“Pinocchio”is.C.Todescribehowinterestinghisuniversitylifewas.D.Toexplainwhatencouragedhimtopickhiscareer.5.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.Crossedarmsalwaysindicatedefensiveness.B.Understandingbodylanguagerequiresspecificskills.C.Spokenwordsaremoretrustworthythanbodysignals.D.Facialexpressions,postures,andgesturesconveyinsignificantinformation.6.Whydopeopleactinanunusualwayafterknowingtheauthor’soccupation?ATheybelieveheisstudyingthem. B.Theyconsiderhimaggressive.C.Theydon’tlikehisservice. D.Theyarerootedinshock.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisjob?A.Stablebutdifficult. B.Flexiblebutdemanding.C.Fulfillingbutchallenging. D.Innovativebutfastpaced.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作為研究肢體語(yǔ)言的專(zhuān)家，作者論述了肢體語(yǔ)言的重要性，并提到這份特別的工作對(duì)自己的影響。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Mycuriosityaboutbodylanguagestartedwithaparticularprofessorfrommyuniversity.Onabriskmorning,asheplayfullypointedoutmytendencytorubmynosewheneverIwoveexcusesforbeinglatetohislectures,hefascinatedmewiththegrippingnotionof“Pinocchio”.Actually,whensomeonetellsalie,theperson’sbloodrushestothenoseandtheextrabloodmakesititchy(發(fā)癢的).Thislittleexampleofnonverbalmunicationinspiredmetobeeabodylanguageexpert.Now,Iearnmylivingbytrainingpeopleinnonverbalmunication.(我對(duì)肢體語(yǔ)言的好奇始于我大學(xué)里的一位教授。在一個(gè)清爽的早晨，他開(kāi)玩笑地指出，每當(dāng)我為他上課遲到編借口時(shí)，我就會(huì)蹭鼻子。他用“匹諾曹”這個(gè)扣人心弦的概念吸引了我。事實(shí)上，當(dāng)一個(gè)人說(shuō)謊時(shí)，血液會(huì)涌到鼻子上，多余的血液會(huì)讓鼻子發(fā)癢。這個(gè)非語(yǔ)言交流的小例子激勵(lì)我成為一名肢體語(yǔ)言專(zhuān)家。現(xiàn)在，我通過(guò)培訓(xùn)人們的非語(yǔ)言溝通來(lái)謀生)”可知，作者大學(xué)時(shí)的一位教授從作者的肢體語(yǔ)言中發(fā)現(xiàn)了他在撒謊，這激起了作者研究肢體語(yǔ)言的興趣。由此推知，作者提到教授是為了解釋什么鼓勵(lì)他選擇自己的職業(yè)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Allofthesesayalotandcanonlybeunderstoodifyouknowhowtomakesenseofthesigns.(所有這些都說(shuō)明了很多，只有你知道如何理解這些符號(hào)，你才能理解它們)”及本段介紹了一些體態(tài)語(yǔ)表示的內(nèi)容可知，理解肢體語(yǔ)言需要特定的技能。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WheneverImeetsomeonenewandItellthemwhatIdoforaliving,theyimmediatelyputtheirguardupandthey’renolongerrelaxed.TheyquiteliterallyfreezeintheattempttohideallthesignalsthattheythinkI’mreading.(每當(dāng)我遇到一個(gè)新朋友，我告訴他們我是做什么的，他們就會(huì)立刻提高警惕，不再放松。他們真的會(huì)愣住，試圖隱藏他們認(rèn)為我在讀的所有信號(hào))”可知，接觸作者的人聽(tīng)說(shuō)他的職業(yè)后會(huì)表現(xiàn)得不自然，是因?yàn)樗麄冇X(jué)得作者會(huì)研究他們。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Myworkinglifegivesmeagreatdealofsatisfaction.(我的工作生活給了我很大的滿足)”及“Itmakeslifedifficultattimes,butIconsideritasmallpricetopayforajobIenjoysomuch.(這有時(shí)會(huì)讓生活變得困難，但我認(rèn)為這是為我喜歡的工作付出的小小代價(jià))”可知，作者的工作讓作者很有滿足感，但有時(shí)候會(huì)有挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。CDuringthe1960s,whileresearchingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChrisencounteredamysterythat,surprisingly,hadneverbotheredanyonebefore:hewasunabletolocatethepark’svolcano.IthadbeenwellestablishedforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that’swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChriscouldn’tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,onlythinkoftheclassiccone(圓錐體)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptinglava(巖漿)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,withafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknownsortofvolcanothatdoesn’tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesevolcanoesaresopowerfulthattheyexplodeinonelargecrack,leavingahugeholecalledacaldera.Yellowstoneclearlybelongedtothissecondsort,butChriscouldn’tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhighaltitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceenlargementforoneofthevisitors’centers.AssoonasChristsawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wasacaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.8.WhatconfusedChriswhenhewasstudyingYellowstone?A.Itssteamyfeatures. B.Itsgeographicdiversity.C.Themysteryofitshistory. D.Thelocationofitsvolcano.9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thetypesofvolcanoes.B.Theprocessoflavaeruption.C.Theimpactofvolcanoforming.D.TheexperienceofaMexicanfarmer.10.Whatmadeitdifficultforpeopletofindthecaldera?A.Thecaldera’ssize. B.NASA’sequipment.C.Visitors’carelessness. D.Yellowstone’shistory.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Yellowstone’sHiddenTreasure.B.TheMagicalBirthofYellowstone’sVolcano.C.Yellowstone’sHiddenCalderaRevealedbyNASA.D.TheDiscoveryofYellowstone’sMissingMountain.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了二十世紀(jì)六十年代BobChristiansen在研究黃石公園的火山歷史時(shí)，奇怪地發(fā)現(xiàn)到處看不到火山的影子，原來(lái)，這兒的火山并不是像我們大部分人想象的那種圓錐體形狀的高聳的樣子，而是一個(gè)巨大的洞，這個(gè)洞太大了以至于從地面上的任何地方都看不見(jiàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Duringthe1960s,whileresearchingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChrisencounteredamysterythat,surprisingly,hadneverbotheredanyonebefore:hewasunabletolocatethepark’svolcano.(在20世紀(jì)60年代，BobChristiansen在研究黃石國(guó)家公園的火山歷史時(shí)，遇到了一個(gè)以前從未困擾過(guò)任何人的謎團(tuán)：他無(wú)法找到公園里的火山。)”可知，Christiansen在研究黃石公園時(shí)，火山的位置讓他困惑。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,onlythinkoftheclassicconeshapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptinglavapilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,withafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknownsortofvolcanothatdoesn’tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesevolcanoesaresopowerfulthattheyexplodeinonelargecrack,leavingahugeholecalledacaldera.Yellowstoneclearlybelongedtothissecondsort,butChriscouldn’tfindthecalderaanywhere.(當(dāng)我們談到火山時(shí)，大多數(shù)人只會(huì)想到富士山或乞力馬扎羅山的經(jīng)典錐形，這是熔巖噴發(fā)時(shí)堆積起來(lái)的。它們的形成速度非?？?。1943年，一位墨西哥農(nóng)民驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，他的一小塊土地上冒出了煙。不到一個(gè)星期，他就成了一個(gè)500英尺高的圓錐體。不到兩年，它的頂峰已經(jīng)達(dá)到了近1400英尺，直徑超過(guò)了半英里。地球上總共有大約一萬(wàn)個(gè)這樣的火山，其中有幾百個(gè)已經(jīng)不再?lài)姲l(fā)了。然而，還有另一種不太為人所知的火山，它與造山活動(dòng)無(wú)關(guān)。這些火山非常強(qiáng)大，它們?cè)谝粋€(gè)大裂縫中爆炸，留下一個(gè)巨大的洞，叫做火山口。黃石公園顯然屬于第二種類(lèi)型，但Christiansen在任何地方都找不到火山口)”可知，本段主要講述了火山的兩種類(lèi)型。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AssoonasChristsawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wasacaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.(Christ一看到照片，就意識(shí)到他為什么沒(méi)能發(fā)現(xiàn)火山口：幾乎整個(gè)公園——220萬(wàn)英畝——都是一個(gè)火山口。爆炸留下了一個(gè)40多英里寬的洞——太大了，從地面上的任何地方都看不見(jiàn))”可知，火山口的巨大尺寸使其難以被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhighaltitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceenlargementforoneofthevisitors’centers.AssoonasChristsawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wasacaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.(就在這個(gè)時(shí)候，美國(guó)宇航局決定通過(guò)拍攝黃石公園的照片來(lái)測(cè)試一些新的高空相機(jī)。一位深思熟慮的官員把其中的一些復(fù)印件交給了公園管理部門(mén)，他認(rèn)為這些復(fù)印件可以用于擴(kuò)建某個(gè)游客中心。Christ一看到照片，就意識(shí)到他為什么沒(méi)能發(fā)現(xiàn)火山口：幾乎整個(gè)公園——220萬(wàn)英畝——都是一個(gè)火山口。爆炸留下了一個(gè)40多英里寬的洞——太大了，從地面上的任何地方都看不見(jiàn)。在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)候，黃石公園一定以一種遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)人類(lèi)所知的規(guī)模的暴力爆炸了)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了NASA的高空相機(jī)揭示了黃石公園隱藏的火山口，所以C項(xiàng)“Yellowstone’sHiddenCalderaRevealedbyNASA(美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局揭示了黃石公園隱藏的火山口)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DOneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundincircles,crashwiththings,andjumpinpuddles—notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.Andthat’sexactlyhowpsychologistsdefineplay:asaselfdirected,intrinsically(內(nèi)在地)motivatedactivitywithnopurposeoutsidetheactivityitself.Playiswhatwedojustforthejoyofit.Inchildren,playisseenasnormalandnatural,andasapowerfulwaytolearn.Butaswegrowup,weetoseeplayasunnecessary.Wemayfaultourselvesforplayingwhenwecouldbegettingthingsdone.Atbest,weseeplayasrewardforalongday’swork,ameanstoupliftourselvesorawaytorelaxbeforedivingbackintothetroublesofoureverydaylives.Butplayisn’tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantforworkingproductivity.Playisabasicemotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjobsatisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playpreparesustotackletheunexpectedbybroadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnewchallenges.Whatseparatesplayfromreallifeisthelackofrisks.Playprovidesasafeenvironmenttolearncognitive(認(rèn)知的),motorandsocialskillsandtomakemistakeswithoutseriousconsequences.Whenasoldieronthebattlefieldtriestoavoidenemyfire,itmaycausethempsychologicaldamagebecausetheirlifeisontheline.Butifyoudothesamemovementinagame,you’reprobablyhavingagoodtime.Likeotherbasicdrivessuchaseating,playispleasurable.Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?Themostpossiblescientificexplanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldisunpredictable,andtosurvive,weneedtoadapttonewsituations.Playisawayofexperimentingwithvariousbinationstoseewhatworksanddevelopingflexibleresponsestounforeseenevents.We’renotbornwithanunderstandingofhowtheworldworks.Playishowwefigureitout.12.Whatisthemotivationforchildrentoplay?A.Thepurejoyofplayingitself.B.Theirkeeninterestineverything.C.Theirdesiretochallengethemselves.D.Theworkingproductivitytheyreceiveformplaying.13.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“l(fā)etoffsteam”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Getfreshexperience. B.Bravethedifficulties.C.Relievenegativeemotions. D.Beepowerfulgradually.14.Whatistheevolutionarypurposeofplay?A.Toimproveadults’creativity. B.Toprepareusfortheunknownfuture.C.Tohelpwiththepsychologicaldamage. D.Toboostchildren’scognitivedevelopment.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutplayfromthispassage?A.Playestobethebestsourceofentertainment.B.Playpromotescreativityandexplorationinusall.C.Playserveslittlepracticalpurposeinevolution.D.Playbenefitspersonallivesinnumerousways.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。研究表明玩耍時(shí)間可以讓我們更好地準(zhǔn)備面對(duì)意想不到的事情和解決問(wèn)題。12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundincircles,crashwiththings,andjumpinpuddles—notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.(孩子們玩耍的動(dòng)機(jī)是什么孩子的一個(gè)顯著特征是他們喜歡玩耍。他們繞著圈跑，撞到東西，在水坑里跳——沒(méi)有任何目的，只是為了好玩。)”可知，孩子們玩耍的動(dòng)機(jī)是游戲本身的純粹樂(lè)趣。故選A?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“Butplayisn’tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.(但玩耍不僅僅是一種letoffsteam和減壓的方式。)”可知，and前后并列的意思相近，reducestress“減少壓力”，意思就是relievenegativeemotions.表示“緩解負(fù)面情緒”。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?Themostpossiblescientificexplanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldisunpredictable,andtosurvive,weneedtoadapttonewsituations.(但是它的進(jìn)化目的是什么呢？最可能的科學(xué)解釋是，玩耍教會(huì)我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)意外情況。世界是不可預(yù)測(cè)的，為了生存，我們需要適應(yīng)新的情況。)”可知，游戲的進(jìn)化目的讓我們?yōu)槲粗奈磥?lái)做好準(zhǔn)備。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantforworkingproductivity.Playisabasicemotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjobsatisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playpreparesustotackletheunexpectedbybroadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnewchallenges.(在一天中安排娛樂(lè)時(shí)間對(duì)提高工作效率很重要。游戲是一種基本的情感系統(tǒng)，在兒童發(fā)展和成人創(chuàng)造力中都是必不可少的。研究還表明，它能提高工作滿意度、智謀和創(chuàng)新能力。更重要的是，當(dāng)你面對(duì)新的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，游戲可以拓寬你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，讓我們準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)對(duì)意想不到的事情。)”可知，游戲可以通過(guò)多種方式有益于個(gè)人生活。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ExploreYourOwnTownWhenwasthelasttimeyoutrulyexploredyourcity?It’seasytogetsobusyinyourlifethatyoubarelynoticethefascinatingworldwhereyoulive.Takingtimetoknowyourowntownorcitycanhelpyoulearnaboutitsheritageandseeyoursurroundingsinanewlight.____16____.Withtheweatheroutsidewarmingup,nowisagoodtimetogoexploringwithatrustedadult.Here’showtogetstarted.Pretendyou’reatouristManytimes,whenyouliveinaplace,youneverreallyexploresomeofthelocalhighlightsthatavisitormight.Startbyaskingyourselfthisquestion:IfIhadfriendsingtotownwhohadneverbeenherebefore,wherewouldIsuggesttheygo?____17____.Maybeit’sahistoricbuildingyoucantour,aniceparkthatyoucanhikein,oranewicecreamstoreyou’vebeenwantingtotry.____18____Dosomeresearchonlineandtalktoanadultaboutwhatsightsarewithinaclosedrive.Again,trytothinkaboutwhereyou’dgoifyouweretravelingtoyourcity.Alocalmuseumorzoomighthaveanewexhibityouhaven’tseensincethelasttimeyouvisited.YoucanalsofindoutwhetheranyTVshowsormovieshavebeenfilmednearyouandvisitthelocation.Checkoutsiteslikemovielocations.and.SeekoutaguidedtourWithanadult’ssupervision,lookupwalkingtoursforawholenewwaytoexploreyourcity.Somecitiesofferwalkingtoursfocusedonatheme,likefoodorlocalparks.(InNewYorkCity,forexample,therearepizzatours.)____19____Anotheroption:Morethan300UScitieshaveSegwaytours,whichcanbeafunwaytoexplorefarandwide.TakeaphotographywalkAnotherwaytoseewhereyoulivewithfresheyesistogoexploringwithyourcamera.Pickathemeforyourphotos,whetherit’sarchitecture,localwaterways,orbirdsandotherwildlifeinyourarea.____20____A.Considerlocalattractions.B.Discoverhiddenmuseums.C.Beinga“tourist”meanstryingsomethingnewinyourhometown.D.Youcanalsosearchforfreeselfguidedwalkingtoursinyourarea.E.Exploringyourtowncanrevealhiddenstoriesandgiveyouanewperspective.F.Captainingthesethemesmakesyourcityunique,givingyoumemoriestotreasure.G.Theyhighlightyoursurroundings,butyoumayfindotherplacesaremorespecial.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。主要講述了如何花時(shí)間去探索自己所在的城鎮(zhèn)。【16題詳解】上文提到“Takingtimetoknowyourowntownorcitycanhelpyoulearnaboutitsheritageandseeyoursurroundingsinanewlight.(花時(shí)間了解自己的城鎮(zhèn)或城市可以幫助你了解它的遺產(chǎn)，并以新的視角看待你的環(huán)境)”，由此可知，此空應(yīng)承接上文，說(shuō)明探索自己所居住城市的好處，E項(xiàng)“Exploringyourtowncanrevealhiddenstoriesandgiveyouanewperspective(探索你的城鎮(zhèn)可以揭示隱藏的故事，并給你一個(gè)新的視角)”符合語(yǔ)境，此句中的“anewperspective”與上文中的“seeyoursurroundingsinanewlight”相呼應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句“Pretendyou’reatourist(假裝你是一個(gè)游客)”和下文“Maybeit’sahistoricbuildingyoucantour,aniceparkthatyoucanhikein,oranewicecreamstoreyou’vebeenwantingtotry.(也許是一座你可以參觀的歷史建筑，一個(gè)你可以徒步旅行的美麗公園，或者一家你一直想嘗試的新冰淇淋店)”可知，本段是說(shuō)以游客的身份去探索家鄉(xiāng)的一些地方，C項(xiàng)“Beinga‘tourist’meanstryingsomethingnewinyourhometown(做一個(gè)‘游客’意味著在你的家鄉(xiāng)嘗試一些新事物)”符合語(yǔ)境，呼應(yīng)主題句。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】空處是段落主題句，根據(jù)下文“Alocalmuseumorzoomighthaveanewexhibityouhaven’tseensincethelasttimeyouvisited.YoucanalsofindoutwhetheranyTVshowsormovieshavebeenfilmednearyouandvisitthelocation.(當(dāng)?shù)氐牟┪镳^或動(dòng)物園可能有你上次參觀以來(lái)從未見(jiàn)過(guò)的新展品。你還可以查找是否有任何電視節(jié)目或電影在你附近拍攝，并參觀拍攝地點(diǎn))”可知，本段是有關(guān)當(dāng)?shù)氐木包c(diǎn)，A項(xiàng)“Considerlocalattractions(考慮當(dāng)?shù)氐木包c(diǎn))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文提到“Somecitiesofferwalkingtoursfocusedonatheme,likefoodorlocalparks.(一些城市提供以某個(gè)主題為重點(diǎn)的徒步旅行，比如食物或當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@)”，由此可知，此空應(yīng)承接上文，繼續(xù)說(shuō)明徒步旅行的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，D項(xiàng)“Youcanalsosearchforfreeselfguidedwalkingtoursinyourarea.(你也可以在你所在地區(qū)搜索免費(fèi)的自助徒步旅行)”符合語(yǔ)境，此句中的“walkingtours”與上文中的“walkingtours”相呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文提到“Pickathemeforyourphotos,whetherit’sarchitecture,localwaterways,orbirdsandotherwildlifeinyourarea.(為你的照片選擇一個(gè)主題，無(wú)論是建筑、當(dāng)?shù)氐乃?，還是你所在地區(qū)的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和其他野生動(dòng)物)”，由此可知，此空應(yīng)承接上文，說(shuō)明選擇主題拍照的好處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Captainingthesethemesmakesyourcityunique,givingyoumemoriestotreasure(捕捉這些主題使你的城市獨(dú)一無(wú)二，給你值得珍藏的記憶)”符合語(yǔ)境，此句中的“thesethemes”指代上文提到的照片主題。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中，選出可以填入空表處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Thepolarbearwasatinypointinafrozenwhiteworld.Afilmcrewbegantofollowatadistance,graduallygetting____21____,hopingto____22____agoodpicture.However,thebearcametoarestataholeintheiceandstartedtowait.Sodidthecrew.For12hoursthebearlayhalfasleep,half____23____withoutamove.Thecrewhadbeenworkingfor22hours____24____ontheseaice.Coldandexhausted,they____25____defeat.Hoursofwaitingforlittlerewardisnotunmon.Onrareoccasions,apolarbearmightdisplayitsplayfulnature,rollingontheiceorplayingwithsnow.Theselightheartedmomentsstoodinsharpcontrasttotheotherwiseharshenvironment.“It’sthepricewe____26____togetuniqueimages,”saysawardwinningphotographerFlorianLedoux.“Itisa_____27_____forustogeteachshotintheArctic—wepushourlimits.”Theirperseveranceoftenpaidoff.Onsomeluckydays,theteamcapturedrarescenesofpolarbearshuntingsealsorinteractingwiththeircubs.Thesemoments,thoughbrief,wereworthalltheeffort.However,thebattleisintense,especiallyduringwinter:____28____darknessaffectsyourmood,thelackofroutine____29____yourbodyclock,youareforeverfightingagainstthebittercold,andeverythingyoutouchwith_____30_____handsstickstoyourskin.Howeverthickyourclothesare,thecold_____31_____through.AnArcticphotographerforyears,Ledouxhas_____32_____thesignificantchangesthere.Forinstance,oncesolidicefieldsnowbreakapartearlierintheseason,forcingpolarbearstoswimlongdistancestofindfood.Itisheatingup,causingicetomeltand_____33_____agreatthreattothewholeecosystem.“AmIjustphotographing?No,”hesays.“Itrytocatchsomeuniquebeautyof_____34_____togivea_____35_____totheonethatcanno