統(tǒng)考版2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)40分閱讀理解提分練二含解析新人教版

PAGE40分閱讀理解提分練(二)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A[2024·武漢市中學(xué)畢業(yè)生6月供題]Thebestwaytoseetheworld'sarchitecturalmarvelsistovisittheminperson.SingaporeThearchitectureofSingaporeisfuturistictothepointwherevisitorsmayfeelliketheyhavesteppedontoasciencefictionfilm.TheGardensbytheBayisoneofthemostvisuallystrikingcreationsthatithastooffer,consistingoflargeparklanddottedwithstrangebutwonderfulstructures.BarcelonaEveryyearmillionsofpeoplefloodintothiscolorfulSpanishcitytoseetheuniqueworksoffamedarchitectAntoniGaudí.TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamíliaisthemostpopularoftheseandisstillbeingbuilt,inspiteofthefactthatworkbeganallthewaybackin1882.Soifyouwanttoavoidthecrowds,youcantakeyourpickonyourtrip.AthensAncientarchitectureisabundantinAthens,withbuildingsthathavestoodforthousandsofyearsstillmanagingtotower.FromtheinspiringremainsoftheParthenontovariousspiritsincludingZeusandHephaestus,Athensistheplacetovisitifyouareeagertoseearchitecturefilledwithhistory.DubaiIfyouarelookingforbreathtakingarchitecture,Dubaiwillsatisfyyourcuriosity.FromtheunusualheightoftheBurjKhalifatotheimpressiveachievementofthePalmIsland,everythingseemsbiggerinDubaiandthereisluxury(奢華)inalmosteveryaspectofthecity,earningitaseriousreputationontheinternationaltravelscene.1．WhatisspecialaboutthearchitectureofSingapore?A．Supermodern.B．Extremelyold.C．Prettycolorful.D．Ratherplain.2．WhichisoneoftheworksofarchitectAntoniGaudí？A．BrujKhalifa.B．TheGardensbytheBay.C．TheParthenon.D．TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamília.3．Wherewillyoutravelifyouarecuriousaboutoldtalesbehindarchitecture?A．ToSingapore.B．ToBarcelona.C．ToAthens.D．ToDubai.B[2024·濰坊市高三下學(xué)期模擬考試(二)]IworkatagrocerystoreinMontreal'sPlateauneighbourhood,whichgetsalotofregulars.OnMarch12,theQuebecgovernmentannouncedtocloseallpublicplacestostopthespreadofthepandemic(流行病)ofcoronavirus.ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilclose.It_was_nuts.Ididn'thavetimetoeatlunch,andwheneveroneofusoncashhadtousethebathroom,we'dhavetobringinaco-workeroffthefloortocoverforus.Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.Customersaremostlyconsiderate,butwheneversomeonecoughsorsneezes,everyoneturnsaroundtomakesurethatpersonsneezedintotheirelbow.I'veevenseencustomerscomeinwearingsomestrangeget-ups.OneguyevencameinwithaplasticWalmartbagwrappedaroundhisentirehead,withaslitcutoutforhiseyes.Alotofmyco-workershavelefttoavoidapublic-facingjobduringthepandemic.GrocerystoreworkersacrossCanadaareputtingtheirhealthatriskeverytimetheycomeintowork,butalotofusarestillmakingclosetominimumwage.IrealizedthatIfeelmoreexhaustedthannormaleventhoughI'mworkingthesamehours.Therestillhavebeensomemomentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.I'veoverheardpeopletalkingonthephonewhosoundedasthoughtheywereorganizinggrocerydeliveriesforthosestuckathome.Andthispastweekendaveryniceladythankedusforcontinuingtowork.Iknoweveryoneisworried,butit'suselesshavingthesamescaryconversationsdayafterday.Instead,tellusafunnyanecdote,oraboutsomethingnice.We'llappreciatethedistraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.4．Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowby“Itwasnuts.”inParagraph2?A．Thegoodswereinshortsupply.B．Thestorewashavingabigsale.C．Thecashierscomplainedabouttheirwork.D．Thelocalsrushedtodoshoppinglikecrazy.5．WhatdoesParagraph3conveyaboutcustomers?A．Theyliketoshophereindisguise.B．Theyarepanickyaboutthedisease.C．Theyaremorefriendlytoeachother.D．Theyhavetakenproperpreventivemeasures.6．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A．Optimistic.B．Talented.C．Ambitious.D．Efficient.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ItisnotworkbutworrythatkillsB．HelpingothersishelpingourselvesC．MomentsofkindnessshineinatimeofchaosD．Hereiswhatit'slikeworkinginthepandemicC[2024·湖南省名校聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考]Anewdevice,ananti-solarpanel(板),canharvestenergyfromthecoldnightsky.Thecenterofthenewnightlightisathermoelectricgenerator(熱電發(fā)電機(jī)).Thesky-facingsideofthegeneratorisattachedtoanaluminumplatesealedbeneathatransparentcoverandsurroundedwithmaterialsthatcankeepheatout.Thisplatestayscoolerthanthesurroundingairbygivingoffheatitabsorbs.Meanwhile,thebottomofthegeneratorisattachedtoanexposedaluminumplatethatiscontinuallywarmedbysurroundingair.Atnight,whennotbakingunderthesun,thetopplatecangetacoupleofdegreesCelsiuscoolerthanthebottomofthegenerator.Whenonesideofthegeneratoriscoolerthantheother,itproduceselectricity.EngineerWeiLiofStanfordUniversityandcolleaguestesteda20-centimeterprototype(雛形)ofthedeviceonaclearDecembernightinStanford.Thegeneratorproduceduptoabout25milliwattsofpowerpersquaremeterofthedevice—enoughtolightasmallLEDorlightbulb.Theteambelievesthatfurtherdesignimprovementscouldincreaseproductionuptoatleast0.5wattspersquaremeter.Thepowerproductionismuchlessthansolarpanels,butenoughforemergencybackuppower.Atypicallightbulbmightconsumeafewwattsofelectricity,saysShanhuiFan,anelectricalengineeratStanfordAaswathRaman,amaterialsscientistandengineeratUCLA,alsoimaginesusingtheirteam'sgeneratortohelppowerremoteweatherstations.Thismaybeespeciallyusefulinpolar(極地的)regionsthatdon'tseesunlightformonths,Ramansays.“Ifyouhavesomelow-powerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.”8．Whyistheuppersideofthegeneratorcoolerthanthesurroundingair?A．Ithascoolmetal.B．Itsendsoutheat.C．Ittakesinnoheat.D．Itabsorbssurroundingair.9．Howdoesthenewdeviceproduceelectricity?A．Bycoolingairaroundit.B．Bymakingatransparentcover.C．Byusingtemperaturedifference.D．Bybeingexposedtothesunlight.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthegenerator?A．Itoccupiesmuchspacetosetup.B．It'sofgreatuseinsunlessareas.C．It'swidelyusedaroundtheworld.D．Itequalssolarpanelsinpowerproduction.11．Whatistheengineers'attitudetothefutureofthedevice?A．Hopeful.B．Cautious.C．UncertainD．Objective.D[2024·泰安市高三其次輪復(fù)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)]Theoceancoversover70percentofthesurfaceofEarthtoday,butover3billionyearsagotheentireplanetmayhavebeencoveredinwater.Toinvestigatewhatourplanetwaslikebillionsofyearsago,ateamofresearchersturnedtoindirectmethodsofanalysisatageologicalsiteintheAustralianOutbackknownasPanorama(全景畫(huà))inthePilbaraCraton.Today,theregionis100kilometersinland,but3.2billionyearsago,itwasdeepunderwater.Infact,therewerealsoonceancienthydrothermalvents(熱水口)therewhereseawaterbubbledupthroughtheoceanfloor.“Therearenosamplesofreallyancientoceanwaterlyingaround,butwedohaverocksthatinteracted_withthatseawaterandrememberedthatinteraction，”leadauthorBenjaminJohnson,anassistantprofessoratIowaStateUniversity,saidinastatement.Theresearcherscollectedover100oftheserocksamplesandfoundsomethingpeculiarinthem:aslightlyhigheramountofaparticularisotope(同位素)ofoxygen.ThevastmajorityofoxygenonEarthisOxygen-16andcontainseightprotons(質(zhì)子)andeightneutrons.However,about0.20percentisOxygen-18.SamplesfromAustraliashowtheregion'sancientwatercontainedmoreOxygen-18thanpresenttimes.Sincecontinentsarecoveredinclay-richsoilthatisefficientattrappingOxygen-18,theteamsuggeststhatwithoutcontinentscoveredinsoil,moreOxygen-18wouldhavebeenpresentintheocean.Theirdiscoveryindeedsuggeststherewasn'tmuchdrylandavailable3.24billionyearsago.“There'snothinginwhatwe'vedonethatsaysyoucan'thavetiny,micro-continentsstickingoutoftheoceans，”addedco-authorBoswellWing.“Wejustdon'tthinktherewereglobal-scaleformationsofcontinentalsoilslikewehavetoday.”Theresearchersdon'tknowwhenandhowcontinentsbegantoemergeoutoftheoceanbuttheyplantoinvestigate“younger”rockformationstopiecetogetheramoreprecisetimeline.12．Whereistheresearchsite?A．Inaregiondeepunderwater.B．InaregionoffAustralia.C．InaregioninlandAustralia.D．InaregionoutsidethePilbaraCraton.13．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“interactedwith”inParagraph2mean?A．Haveaneffectoneachother.B．Haveaone-wayeffect.C．Haveamysteriouseffect.D．Haveanegativeeffect.14．What'stheresearchers'conclusionafteranalyzingsamplesfromAustralia?A．Modernearthmusthavebeenawaterworld.B．Modernearthmusthavebeenacontinentalworld.C．Ancientearthmayhavebeenawaterworld.D．Ancientearthmayhavebeenacontinentalworld.15．What'stheresearchers'nextfocusofthestudy?A．Toresearchcontinentalsoils'formations.B．Toresearchtheocean'sformations.C．Toresearch“older”rockformations.D．Toresearch“younger”rockformations.其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。[2024·濰坊高三下學(xué)期二模]Includingchildreninthefarminglifestylehasmanybenefits.Sure,itisnicetohavetheadditionalhelpwithchores(家庭雜務(wù)),butitalsofosterssomuchgrowth,sendingourkidsdownagoodpathtowardswhotheywillsomedaybecome.Itispossiblethatourchildrenwillgrowuptoleadlivesthatdonotincludefarming.__16__Throughcaringforfarmanimals,kidslearnthatinlifeothersoftencomebeforeself.__17__Itdoesn'tmatterifwedon'tfeellikeitorifwearesickandtired.Whatmattersisthatwetakecareoftheanimalsthattakecareofusanddosoinatimelymanner.__18__Iftheworkonafarmdoesnotgetdone,theoperationfails.Ittakesdisciplineandcommitmenttogetdowntobusinesseveryday,andseeingthisinactionwillgivekidsagoodworkattitude.Theywillknowandunderstandthatnothinggoodcomeseasyandthattheyhavetoworktosurvive.__19__Functioningaspartofaproductiveteamwillsurelybeplayingacrucialrolesoonerorlaterinallwalksoflife.Additionally,farmingteachespatience.__20__Cattlewillbedifficulttocontrol.Horseswillrunawaywhenyoutrytocatchthem.Goatswillkickoverthatbucketofhard-earnedmilk.Aroosterwilldecideyougottooclosetohishensandgiveyouarunforyourmoney.Inspiteofallthat,kidswilllearntobepatientandtakethingseasy.Theremaynotbeanyinstantreward,butinthelong-termkidswillseethebenefitofalltheireffortsduringthoseharddays.A．Atthesametime,theylearntoworkwithothers.B．Farmlifealsoteacheskidsthevalueofhardwork.C．Childrenlearntobegratefulforanimalsforeatingpurpose.D．Teamworkisnolongeranimportantskilltodevelopanduse.E．Therearegoingtobealotofdayswhenthingsdonotgoyourway.F．However,whattheylearnonafarmcanalsobeinstrumentalintheirfuturelives.G．Animalsneedtobefed,watered,andcaredforbeforewegettositdownandrelax.40分閱讀理解提分練(二)第一節(jié)A語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型：應(yīng)用文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——建筑技術(shù)——世界建筑奇跡[文章大意]文章介紹了新加坡、巴塞羅那、雅典及迪拜的建筑特色及其代表建筑。1．答案與解析：A考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)Singapore部分第一句“ThearchitectureofSingaporeisfuturistictothepointwherevisitorsmayfeelliketheyhavesteppedontoasciencefictionfilm.”可知，新加坡的建筑是特別現(xiàn)代的。故選A。2．答案與解析：D考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)Barcelona部分第一句中的“toseetheuniqueworksoffamedarchitectAntoniGaudí”以及其次句中的“TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamíliaisthemostpopularofthese.”可知，TempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamília是AntoniGaudí的作品。故選D。3．答案與解析：C考查推理推斷。依據(jù)Athens部分最終一句中的“Athensistheplacetovisitifyouareeagertoseearchitecturefilledwithhistory.”可推知，假如你對(duì)建筑背后的古老故事感到新奇，你可以去雅典參觀(guān)。故選C。B語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型：記敘文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——新型病源——新型冠狀病毒性肺炎的出現(xiàn)[文章大意]文章主要敘述了作者在新型冠狀病毒性肺炎大流行期間的工作狀況。4．答案與解析：D推理推斷題。該題問(wèn)的是作者在其次段提到“Itwasnuts.”是要說(shuō)明什么。依據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilclose.”(其次段第一、二句)可知，商店特別勞碌，收銀機(jī)從早到晚始終開(kāi)著。由此可推知，作者想說(shuō)明當(dāng)?shù)厝睡偪竦刳s去購(gòu)物。故選D。5．答案與解析：B推理推斷題。該題問(wèn)的是第三段傳達(dá)了關(guān)于顧客的什么信息。依據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“Customersaremostlyconsiderate,butwheneversomeonecoughsorsneezes,everyoneturnsaroundtomakesurethatpersonsneezedintotheirelbow.I'veevenseencustomerscomeinwearingsomestrangeget-ups.OneguyevencameinwithaplasticWalmartbagwrappedaroundhisentirehead,withaslitcutoutforhiseyes.”(第三段其次至四句)可推知，他們對(duì)這種疾病感到恐慌。故選B。6．答案與解析：A推理推斷題。該題問(wèn)的是哪一項(xiàng)最適合描述作者。依據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“Iknoweveryoneisworried,butit'suselesshavingthesamescaryconversationsdayafterday.Instead,tellusafunnyanecdote,oraboutsomethingnice.We'llappreciatethedistraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.”(第五段最終三句)可知，作者認(rèn)為不該每天都談?wù)撃切┮鹂只诺氖虑?，而?yīng)用輕松美妙的故事來(lái)分散人們的留意力，調(diào)整心情。由此可推知，作者是樂(lè)觀(guān)的。故選A。7．答案與解析：D標(biāo)題概括題。該題問(wèn)的是本文的最佳標(biāo)題是什么。通讀全文可知，文章主要敘述了作者在新型冠狀病毒肺炎大流行期間的工作狀況。因此，本文的最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)是“這是疫情期間工作的狀況”。故選D。C語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型：說(shuō)明文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——科技——新型發(fā)電機(jī)[文章大意]文中介紹了通過(guò)溫差發(fā)電的新型發(fā)電機(jī)。8．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)其次段中的“Thisplatestayscoolerthanthesurroundingairbygivingoffheatitabsorbs.”可知，發(fā)電機(jī)面對(duì)天空的一面比四周的空氣溫度低，因?yàn)樗馨鸭橙〉臒崃堪l(fā)散出去。故選B項(xiàng)。9．答案與解析：C考查推理推斷。其次段介紹了發(fā)電機(jī)面對(duì)天空的一面比四周的空氣溫度低，第三段介紹了發(fā)電機(jī)的底部持續(xù)被加熱，夜晚，發(fā)電機(jī)的上面比下面低好幾度。再結(jié)合第三段最終一句“Whenonesideofthegeneratoriscoolerthantheother,itproduceselectricity.”可知，當(dāng)發(fā)電機(jī)的一面比另一面溫度低時(shí)就會(huì)產(chǎn)生電力。由此可推知，該發(fā)電機(jī)是利用溫差發(fā)電的。故選C項(xiàng)。10．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Thismaybeespeciallyusefulinpolar(極地的)regionsthatdon'tseesunlightformonths.”可知，該發(fā)電機(jī)在數(shù)月都沒(méi)有陽(yáng)光的極地很有用，即它在缺乏陽(yáng)光的地區(qū)用途很大。故選B項(xiàng)。11．答案與解析：A考查觀(guān)點(diǎn)看法。依據(jù)第四、第五段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Soadevicethattookupafewsquaremetresofroofspacecouldlightuparoomwithenergyfromthenightsky”“Ifyouhavesomelow-powerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.”可知，這些工程師們都認(rèn)為該設(shè)備很好用，即對(duì)其前景充溢希望。故選A項(xiàng)。D語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型：說(shuō)明文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自然——人文地理——十億年前的地球[文章大意]文章介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于數(shù)十億年前地球是什么樣子的探討。12．答案與解析：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“Toinvestigatewhatourplanetwaslikebillionsofyearsago,ateamofresearchersturnedtoindirectmethodsofanalysisatageologicalsiteintheAustralianOutbackknownasPanorama(全景畫(huà))inthePilbaraCraton.”(第一段其次句)可知，該探討的探討地點(diǎn)在澳大利亞內(nèi)陸的一個(gè)地區(qū)。故選