專題12 閱讀理解（科普或環(huán)境保護類或健康類）-2017年中考英語試題分項版解析匯編 帶解析

專題12閱讀理解（科普或環(huán)境保護類或健康類）1.【2017年內(nèi)蒙古赤峰市】閱讀短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。請將正確答案序號按要求涂在答題卡指定位置。Labworkisfunbutyoumustbecareful.Listencarefullywhenyourteacherreadsandexplainstherulesbeforeyourfirstlablesson.LABRULESThroughoutthelessons*Donotenterthesciencelabwithouttheteacher'spermission(允許).*Nofoodordrinksaretobeallowedinthesciencelab.BeforetheExperiment*Readallinstructionscarefullybeforeeveryexperiment(實驗).*Prepareallapparatus(儀器)andputtheminrightplacessothatyouwillnotknockthemoverwhiledoingtheexperiment.DuringtheExperiment*Ifyouareunsureofhowtouseanyapparatusorhowtooperate,askyourteacherforhelp.*Neversmellortastechemicalsunlessyourteachergivespermission.AftertheExperiment*Washallapparatusafteruseandreturnthemtotheplaceswheretheywere.*Throwwastematerialsintoproperwastebaskets.FirstAid*Reportallaccidentstoyourteacherimmediately.*Ifyouspillanychemicalsontoyourbodyorclothing,washwithplentyofwaterandreporttoyourteacher.31.【小題1】YoumustknowtheLABRULES______thefirstlablessons.A.beforeB.sinceC.duringD.after32.【小題2】Itisnecessaryforyouto______beforeeveryexperiment.A.readallinstructionscarefullyB.takeenoughfoodanddrinksC.smellchemicalsimmediatelyD.talkwithyourclassmates.33.【小題3】Ifyouarenotsureofhowtouseanyapparatus,______.A.readtherulescarefullyB.trythemagainandagainC.askyourteacherforhelpD.returnallapparatustotheplaceswheretheywere34.【小題4】Theunderlinedword“spill”means______.A.照射B.傷害C.摔下D.濺出35.【小題5】Whenyouareinthesciencelab,youmustn’t______.A.becarefulinordertopreventinjuryB.listencarefullywhenyourteacherexplainstherulesC.tastechemicalswithouttheteacher’spermissionD.throwwastematerialsintoproperwastebaskets【答案】31.【小題1】A 32.【小題2】A33.【小題3】C34.【小題4】D35.【小題5】C【解析】34.【小題4】D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)假設(shè)的情景Ifyouspillanychemicalsontoyourbodyorclothing,及washwithplentyofwaterandreporttoyourteacher.可知如果把藥品濺到了身體或者衣服上，要用大量的水沖洗，并且報告老師。故選D。學(xué)@科網(wǎng)35.【小題5】C是非判斷題。根據(jù)Neversmellortastechemicalsunlessyourteachergivespermission.可知沒有老師的允許不可以聞或者嘗藥品，故選C?？键c：科普類短文閱讀。2.【2017年山東青島】閱讀理解Ourabagthatwein.InsidethebagourbodiesaremostlyOurwaterthewaterthesea.ItAlso,theocean,wecanloseourThewindandthesuncouldOurbagofkeepsouroceanfromup.Ourskinkeepsoutsunshine.muchsunshinecanhurtus.alsokeepsoutimportantbecausekindsofdirtcanusOurskinfeelsItfeelswarmcoldtouches,andthathurtAcampfirefeelsAsnowballthrownourfacefeelscoldandhurtsus.Ahugthetouchofanotherskinonourown.OurhairaspecialkindofIthelpsuskeepoutofoureyes,earsandnose.HairalsogoodforkeepingusWhenwegoosebumps(雞皮疙瘩),ourbodyhairsstandup.Thenthehairsholdaircloseourskinathickblanket(毯子).Hairkeepstoo.Someanimalshavehairthanothers,sotheyhaveabetterblanketforcoldOurnails(指甲)areanotherspecialskinwhicharehard.Theyhelpkeepourfromgettinghurt.Ournailsasstrongasthenailsthatanimalshave.Buttheyaregoodforupcoins.【小題1】Ourabagfullof【小題2】Ourkeepsoutdirtandsunshine.【小題3】Ourhelpsusfeeltouchorhurtothers.【小題4】Ourhairhelpsprotectoureyes,earsandnose.【小題5】Ournailsareweakerthanthenailsthatanimalshavebutcankeepoursafe.【答案】16.【小題1】B 17.【小題2】A18.【小題3】B19.【小題4】A20.【小題5】A【解析】18.【小題3】B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OurskinfeelsItfeelswarmcoldtouches,andthathurt19.【小題4】A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ithelpsuskeepoutofoureyes,earsandnose.可知毛發(fā)可以阻止東西進入我們的眼睛，耳朵和鼻子，故選A。20.【小題5】A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theyhelpkeepourfromgettinghurt.Ournailsasstrongasthenailsthatanimalshave.故選A?？键c：科普類短文閱讀。3.【2017年山東泰安】閱讀理解Youdon’tneedtogetinatime-travellingmachinetoseehowtechnologywillchangeourlives,suchasthewayweshop.Severalnewtechnologiesthataretochangeyourbuyinghabitsalreadyappear.Let’sseewhat’sinstoreforyourfutureshopping.Tryiton,virtually（虛擬地）.Wanttoshoponlineforanewpairofglasses?Youdon’tneedtoguesswhichpairlooksbestonyou—usetheeBayFashioniPhoneapptotryapairofglassesyou’recheckingoutonapictureofyourface.Butwhataboutbuyingsomethingbigger?ThankstoMicrosoftKinect’sactiontracking（跟蹤）camera,youcancoverclothesonyourscreenbody.Youcanevenchoosethebackgroundofyourvirtualfittingroomtoimproveyourshoppingexperience.Getaperfect,customfit.Everyone’sbodyisshapeddifferently.Togetaperfectfit,yousometimeshavetogetyourclotheschanged.Butbyusing3Dscanningtechnology,alltheclothesyoubuywillfityourbodyperfectly.Somecompaniesscan（掃描）yourbodyusingHigh-techtogettherealsizes,sotheycanmakespecialclothesjustforyou.學(xué)科+網(wǎng)High-techshoppingcarts（推車）andcheckoutcounters（收銀臺）.High-techshoppingcartscouldbecommoninmallsandsupermarketsinthefuture.MicrosoftKinect-enabledcartsareundertest.Thecartcanfollowyoualongtheaisles（通道）,controlledonlybyyourmovementandyourvoice.IntheUnitedStates,severalsupermarketsuseacertainsetcalled“ScanIt”thatgivesbuyersthefreedomtoscanproductsontheirownwhiletheyshop.Ifwedon’twanttowaitinlinebeforethecheckoutcounters,wecanuseToshiba’snewobjectRecognitionScanner.Themachineidentifies（辨認）aproductassoonasit’splacedinfrontofacamerajustbyitsshapeandcolor,evenifithasnobarcode.57.【小題1】AccordingtoParagraph2,theeBayFashioniPhoneappcan______.A.onlymakepicturesofourfacesB.helpussellmoreclothesonlineC.createusavirtualdressingroomD.choosesuitableglassesforus58.【小題2】Whichofthefollowingcanhelpgetthecorrectshapeofourbody?A.ObjectRecognitionScanner.B.TheeBayFashioniPhoneapp.C.3Dscanningtechnology.D.MicrosoftKinect-enabledcarts.59.【小題3】Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.Checkoutcounterswilldisappearfromsupermarketsinfuture.B.High-techshoppingcartswillbewidelyusedinmallsandsupermarketsC.“ScanIt”cannotbeusedbybuyersthemselves.D.Thenewtechnologiesareonlydreamsthatareimpossibletocometrue.60.【小題4】Thispassagemainlytalksabout______.A.anewtime-travellingmachineB.theinfluenceofnewtechnologyC.someinventionstochangehabitsD.thewaysforfutureshopping【答案】 57.【小題1】D58.【小題2】C59.【小題3】B60.【小題4】D【解析】59.【小題3】B推斷理解題。根據(jù)High-techshoppingcartscouldbecommoninmallsandsupermarketsinthefuture.MicrosoftKinect-enabledcartsareundertest.可以推斷將來高科技購物車在將來有可能在商場和超市使用，故選B。60.【小題4】D歸納理解題。根據(jù)作者通過選購方式，付款方式等為例詳細介紹了未來在商店購物的方式。故選D?？键c：科普類短文閱讀。4.【2017年四川成都】閱讀下面兩篇短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案。Animalsgrowupindifferentways.Somenewbornanimalsarehelplessbuttheirmothersprotectthem.Anewbornkangarooisverysmall.Itisonlyafewcentimeterslong.Itclosesitseyesanddoesn'thavehair.Itstayssafeinitsmother'spouch（育兒袋）foralongtime.Anewbornmonkeycannotwalk,Itsmothercarriesiteverywhere.Otherbabyanimalscanwalksoonafterthey'reborn.Theylearntorunwiththeirmotherswhendangerisnear.Abayzebracanrun,anhourafteritisborn.Somebabyanimalsareborninaplacethatissafe.Babywolvesareusuallyborninbigholeswithlittlelight.Otherbabyanimalsarebornintheopen.Ababyelephantisoftenbornontheopenland.Animalsthatdrinktheirmothers'milkarecalledmammals.Amotherbear'smilkisrich.Babybearshavemilkforafewmonths.Thisisthesamewithbabyzebras.Asbabyanimalsgrow,theyneedsolid（固體的）food.Babylionseatwhattheirmothercancatch!71.【小題1】Accordingtothepassage,manynewbornanimalsneedtheirmothers'helpbecausethebabiescan't_______.A.lookafterthemselvesB.eatanyfoodC.walkbythemselves72.【小題2】Anewbornmonkey'smothercarriesiteverywherebecause______.A.itisverysmallB.itcan'twalkC.itclosesitseyes73.【小題3】Babywolvesareusuallybornina(an)______place.A.openB.brightC.safe74.【小題4】Newbornmammals'mainfoodis________.A.mother'smilkB.solidfoodC.smalleranimals75.【小題5】Howmanykindsofbabyanimalsarementionedinthispassage?A.SixB.SevenC.Eight【答案】71.【小題1】A72.【小題2】B73.【小題3】C74.【小題4】A75.【小題5】B【解析】73.【小題3】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Somebabyanimalsareborninaplacethatissafe.Babywolvesareusuallyborninbigholeswithlittlelight.可知，狼一般出生在一個安全的地方。故選C。74.【小題4】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Animalsthatdrinktheirmothers'milkarecalledmammals.可知，哺乳動物出生后主要喝媽媽的奶水。故選A。75.【小題5】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容提到了袋鼠、猴子、狼、大象、斑馬、熊和獅子等七種動物。故選B。考點：科普類短文閱讀。5.【2017年浙江金華】閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Almostallanimalsneedtosleeptostayhealthy.Butsleepingcanalsobedangerousbecauseotheranimalsmayhurtthosewhoaresleeping.Thisleadstomanydifferentwaysofsleepingthathelpthemstaysafe.Someofthesewaysmaysurpriseyou!Almostallbatssleepupsidedown.Theyhangfromabranchofatreeortheceilingofacave.Uphigh,batsaresafefrommostotheranimals.Iftheyareindanger,theyjustflyaway.Adolphinsleepswithjusthalfitsbrainatatime.Itmuststayawaketobreatheandtowatchfordanger.Dolphinmothersandbabiescangowithoutsleepforaslongastwomonthstostaysafe.Someduckssleepwithjusthalftheirbrains,too.Theseducksoftensleepinaline.Theducksatbothendshelptokeepthegroupsafe.Theykeeponeeyeopentowatchfordanger.Theducksinthemiddlesleepdeeplywithbotheyesclosed.Sealsbreatheair,butthatdoesn’tstopsomeofthemfromsleepingunderwater.Theyholdtheirbreathanddivedeeptosleepforuptotwentyminutesatatime.Sleepingdeepunderwaterhelpsthesesealsstaysafefromanimalsthathuntthemnearthesurface.Horsesoftensleepstandingup.Theirlegslockinplacesotheydon’tfallover.Ifahorseislyingdown,itneedsalongtimetogetup.Ahorsecanrunfromdangermorequicklyifitisalreadystanding.Aflamingocansleepwhilestandingononeleg.Thestandingleglockssoitstaysstraight.Theotherlegremainsclosetotheflamingo’sbody.Itsheadrestsonitsback.Aflamingolives(andsleeps)nearmanyotherbirdstostaysafe.Someseabirdscansleepwhiletheyfly.Theselargebirdsspendmostoftheirlivesovertheocean.Theyareindangeronthewater,buttheyaresafeintheair.Theyflyformanyhourswithoutflapping（拍打）theirwings.Sometimestheysleepwhiletheyareflying.Wouldyouliketosleephowtheysleep?38.【小題1】Theanimalsthatsleepwithhalftheirbrainsare_______.A.ducksandsealsB.dolphinsandducksC.batsanddolphinsD.flamingosandseabirds39.【小題2】Horsesoftenstandupwhentheysleepbecause_______.A.theycanrunfromdangerquicklyB.theyareafraidoffallingoverC.thishelpsthemtosleepdeeplyD.ittakesthemalongtimetogotosleep40.【小題3】Theunderlinedword“hunt”inParagraph5probablymeans_______.A.offertohelpB.cometoteachC.refusetoprotectD.wanttokill41.【小題4】Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowanimalssleepB.SleeptostayhealthyC.SleepasanimalsdoD.Whatsleepinganimalsarelike【答案】38.【小題1】B 39.【小題2】A40.【小題3】D41.【小題4】A【解析】試題分析：這篇短文主要介紹了動物為了避免在睡覺時受到傷害形成的不同的睡眠方式。作者介紹了海豚、蝙蝠、鴨子等動物特殊的睡眠方式。38.【小題1】B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Adolphinsleepswithjusthalfitsbrainatatime.及第四段 Someduckssleepwithjusthalftheirbrains,too.故選B。39.【小題2】A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段Ahorsecanrunfromdangermorequicklyifitisalreadystanding.可知馬站立睡眠是為了能更快的逃離危險，故選A。40.【小題3】D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Sleepingdeepunderwaterhelpsthesesealsstaysafefromanimalsthathuntthemnearthesurface.睡在深水下能幫助海豹保持安全遠離那些在水面捕獵的動物。thathuntthemnearthesurface作animals的定語，而animals是海豹遠離的對象，故可以推測hunt意思是D，故選D。41.【小題4】A標題歸納題。根據(jù)短文通過作者舉例說明了動物為了避免在睡覺時受到傷害而形成的不同的睡眠方式。故選A。考點：科普類短文閱讀。6.【2017年浙江麗水】閱讀理解。閱讀下列材料,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項.Thinkofasimpleobject—apieceofchalk,forexample.Areyourememberingitsname,itsshape,itscolororitssize?Areyourememberingwhatitisusedfor,orthesounditmakeswhentheteacherwritesontheblackboard?Scientistssaythatmemoryincludesdifferentpartsofthebrain,suchaslanguageandtheabilityofsense.Theybelievethatyoubegintocreateamemorywhenyounoticesomethingyou’reyoursenses.Thenmessagesaresenttodifferentbraincells,whichjointogethertoformconnections.Anewconnectiongoesintoyourshort—termmemory.Itisstoredthereforabout30seconds,andthenitiseitherlostorstoredinyourlong—termmemory.Havingagoodmemorymeansmakinglotsofconnectionsandstoringtheminyourlong—termmemory.Todothis,youneedtokeepyourbrainingoodshape.Eatplentyofbrainfoodsuchasfishoil,fruitandvegetables.Laughteralsomakesyourbrainmoreactive.Also,don’tforgettoexercise.Sodosomesportsorjustmovearoundalotinthehouse.Finally,getplentyofsleep.Thiswillmakeyourmemoriesgrowstronger.Whenyouwanttoremembernewinformation,youmustpayspecialattention.Useyoursenses--sight,smell,hearingandtouch-andkeeprepeatingtheinformation.Todowellinyourexamsthisyear,turnofftheTV,silenceyourmobile,andreviewyourworkregularly.Toremembersomethingspecial,useyourimaginationtocreatevisual(視覺的)connections.Forexample,youneedtotakeapencil,aneraser,yourIDcardandchipstoyournextexam.ImaginetheIDcardasthebodyofananimal,thepencilitslongneck,andtheeraseritshead.Youranimalishungry,sonowimagineiteatingabagofchips.Itmaysoundcrazy,butitsfunanditworks.Anotherwayistodosomethingdifferenttoyourroom.Turnapictureupside-down,ortieasockaroundthedoorhandletoremind(提醒)yourselfofsomethingtoremember!38.【小題1】Atthebeginning,thewritergivesanexampleto_________.A.leadinthetopicofthearticleB.showtheimportanceofchalkC.letreadersrememberthewordD.makereadersknowhisfavorite39.【小題2】HowmanywaysarementionedtohaveagoodmemoryinParagraph2?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.40.【小題3】Themainideaofthethirdparagraphis___________.A.howtodowellinexamsB.howtoremembernewinformationC.whytoreviewyourworkD.whattoeattomakememoriesstronger41.【小題4】WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Memoryhasnothingtodowithlanguages.B.Laughtercanhelptoimproveourmemory.C.Apictureofeatingchipsisthemostuseful.D.Ourbrainisdifficulttokeepingoodshape.【答案】38.【小題1】A 39.【小題2】C40.【小題3】B41.【小題4】B【解析】40.【小題3】B歸納理解題。根據(jù)第三段的中心句Whenyouwanttoremembernewinformation,youmustpayspecialattention.Useyoursenses--sight,smell,hearingandtouch-andkeeprepeatingtheinformation.可知主要介紹了怎么記住新信息。故選B。41.【小題4】B是非判斷題。根據(jù)Laughteralsomakesyourbrainmoreactive.可知笑也能提升我們的記憶，故選B。考點：科普類短文閱讀。7.【2017年浙江紹興】閱讀理解。閱讀下面材料，然后從各題所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。Haveyoueverseenacarwithoutadriver?Itsoundscrazy,butthesecomputer-drivendriverlesscarswillsoonbefillingroadsnearyou.CompanieslikeGoogleandTeslahavebeendesigningandtestingthesecars,andthetechnologyisthere.Sohow?Thecarshavesensors（感應(yīng)器）allaroundwhichcanfindothercarsandobjectsintheroad.Roadsignsarereadbycameras,andsatellitenavigationsystems（衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)）areusedsothecarknowshowtogetwhereyouwanttogo.Allyouhavetodoistypeintheaddress!Finally,acentralcomputersystemtakesinalltheinformationthatitreceivesfromthesensorsandcamerasandworksoutwhentospeedup,stopandturn.Soundlikeyourideaofheaven（天堂）?Sittingback,lookingoutofthewindowsandevenwatchingafilmorreadingabookwhile‘driving’wouldbepossiblewiththisnewtechnology.Youwouldn’thavetoworryaboutrememberingdirectionstowhereyou’regoing.Inaddition,computerswouldalsodrivemoresafelythanpeople—theywouldobeytherulesandhavequickeractiontimeswhenindangeroussituations.However,therearemanydrawbacksofdriverlesscars.Computerswouldhavedifficultiesmakingethical（道德的）decisions:ifachildranintotheroad,wouldthecomputerchoosetohitthechildorturnsuddenlyandpotentiallykillthecar’spassengers?Moreover,Ipersonallyfinddrivingfun–I’dmissneverdrivingacarmyself.Therewouldalsobemanyotherdecisionstobemade–shouldchildren,ordrunkpeople,beallowedinadriverlesscarbythemselves?Orwouldthereneedtobeapersonwithadrivinglicenseinthecaratalltimes?I’mnotcertainI’dwantadriverlesscar–butit’sonlyamatteroftimebeforethey’llbecomemoreaffordableandpopularonourroads.42.【小題1】Whenusingadriverlesscar,youneedonly.A.readtheroadsignscarefullyB.checkthecamerasC.puttheaddressintothecomputerD.rememberthedirections43.【小題2】Thethirdparagraphmainlytellsusabouttheofdriverlesscars.A.instructionsB.standardsC.advantagesD.tests44.【小題3】Theunderlinedword“potentially”inParagraph4means““.A.possiblyB.successfullyC.especiallyD.naturally45.【小題4】What’sthewriter’sopinionaboutfuturedriverlesscars?A.They’llcausemoreaccidents.B.They’llbelessexpensive.C.They’lluselessenergy.D.They’llrunmuchfaster.【答案】42.【小題1】C43.【小題2】C44.【小題3】A45.【小題4】B【解析】試題分析：本文介紹了無人駕駛車需要人們做的僅僅輸入要去的地址，介紹了它的優(yōu)點及缺點。42.【小題1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Allyouhavetodoistypeintheaddress!可知，你需要做的是僅僅輸入要去的地址，故選C。43.【小題2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)的內(nèi)容主要敘述的無人駕駛車的優(yōu)點。故選C。44.【小題3】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)killthecar’spassengers可推知，這里指有可能，故選A。45.【小題4】作者觀點題。根據(jù)butit’sonlyamatteroftimebeforethey’llbecomemoreaffordableandpopularonourroads.可知，作者認為無人駕駛的車不會太貴。故選B?？键c：科普類短文。8.【2017年貴州安順】Manyofusdon'tpaymuchattentiontotheuuportanceofeyecare.Itissaidthatifyoutakecareofyourbody,thenyoucansurelybehealthy.Thatiswhyoureyesshouldbegivenalotofcare.Naturaleyecareshouldbeputinanumberoneplace.Thereareseveralcausesleadingtopooreyesightlikenotenoughfood,genes(基因)andaging(老化).Televisions,coruputersandreadingarealsothecausesofhavingpooreyesight.Ifyouworkinfrontofthecomputer,itisbesttotakeabreakeveryonceinawhile.Somethingdirtycancauserednessandtheywillmakeyoufeeluncomfortable.Itisbadforyoureyes,too.Ifthishappens,thebestwayistocleanyoureyesbyusingcoldwater.Youmustalsotryyourbesttoprotectyoureyesfromharmfulthings.Forexample,sunglassesarenotjustforfashionbuttheycanalsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesightfromultravioletrays.Eatinghealthyfoodswilldogoodtoyoureyesight.RememberthatvitaminsA,CandEaregoodforeyes.Trytoeatfoodgroupsthathavethesevitamins.Andyoushoulddoeyeexercisesbecauseexerciseprotectsyoureyesight,too.Ifapersonexercisesregularly(定期地)andeatstherightkindoffood,hiseyeswillstayingoodconditionforalongtime.Allabovearenaturalwaysofeyecarethathelpuskeephealthyeyes.Beinghappyallthetimecanbehelpfultoaperson'seyesight,too.Inaword,eyecareisveryimportant,nomatterhowoldapersonis.71.【小題1】isthemostimportantwaytoprotectoureyes.A.NaturaleyecareB.TakingmedicineC.SeeingthedoctorD.Beinghappyallthetime72.【小題2】Allthefollowingcausescanleadtobadeyesightexcept___________.A.ageB.heightC.readingD.computers73.【小題3】Whatshouldyoudoifyouhavetoworkinfrontofthecomputer?A.Eathealthyfoods.B.Cleantheeyesbyusingcoldwater.C.Wearapairofsunglasses.D.Havearestafterworkingforawhile.74.【小題4】Whatdotheunderlinedwords"ultravioletrays"mean?A.沙塵B.閃電C.紫外線D.超聲波75.【小題5】Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WaysofEyeCareB.WaysofEyeExercisesC.WaysofBeingHappyD.WaysofBeingHealthy【答案】71.【小題1】A72.【小題2】B73.【小題3】D74.【小題4】C75.【小題5】A【解析】試題分析：本篇短文主要講述了保護眼睛的重要性，以及保護眼睛．保護眼睛的方法有，多吃健康的食物，多吃含有維生素A，C，E的食物，要做眼保健操；總之眼睛對一個人來說是最重要的，我們一定要保護好它！73.【小題3】D細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段第二行句子Ifyouworkinfrontofthecomputer，itisbesttotakeabreakeveryonceinawhile．如果你在電腦前工作，最好每隔一段時間休息一下．可知如果你必須在電腦前工作，最好每隔一段時間休息一下．故選D．74.【小題4】C詞義理解題．根據(jù)第二段第四行句子Forexample，sunglassesarenotjustforfashionbuttheycanalsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesight．例如，太陽鏡不僅是時尚的，還可以作為一種保護視力的好方法．ray是射線的意思．通過閱讀我們可知，太陽鏡可以阻擋是"紫外線"．所以"ultravioletrays"應(yīng)該是紫外線的意思．故選C．75.【小題5】A主旨理解題．根據(jù)第二行句子"naturaleyecareshouldbeputinanumberoneplace"自然的眼睛護理應(yīng)該放在第一位．第三段第一行句子Eatinghealthyfoodswilldogoodtoyoureyesight．RememberthatvitaminsA，CandEaregoodforeyes．Trytoeatfoodgroupsthathavethesevitamins．Andyoushoulddoeyeexercisesbecauseexerciseprotectsyoureyesight，too．健康飲食有利于你的視力．記住，維生素A，C和E對眼睛有好處．盡量吃這些維生素的食物．你應(yīng)該做眼保健操，因為運動保護你的視力．通過閱讀全文可知本文主要講述保護眼睛的方法．故選A．考點：健康保健類短文。9.【2017年黑龍江哈爾濱】Therearemanykindsofamazinganimalsintheworld．Haveyoueverwatchedoneofthem﹣Canadageese（雁）？Theycanteachusalessonaboutteamwork（合作）．Inautumn，CanadageesehavetoflytothewarmsouthtogetawayfromCanada'coldwinter．Whentheyleavethegroundandriseintotheair，theyflyinnoorder．ThentheyquicklyformaVshape，withonebirdleadingthegroup．TheVshapeallowsCanadageesetosaveenergy．Theheadbirdmovesitswings（翅膀）upanddown．Theresulting（產(chǎn)生的）forceoftheairhelpliftthenextbird．Eachbirdwilldosountiltheygettothesouthernpart．Thebirdattheheadofthegrouphasthehardestjob．Whenitgetstired，anotherbirdmovestothefrontandtakesitsplace（代替它）．Bysharingthisjob，thegroupcantravelgreatdistances．CanadageeseflyinginaVshapecanflyseventypercentfartherwithouthavingarestthanthebirdsflyingalone．Duringthelongflyingjourney，Canadageesecommunicatewithoneanother，Theyhonk（鳴叫）toencouragethebirdsupfronttokeepupthespeed．Theyalsocheeroneanotherupwhileworkingtowardthesamedestination．WhathavewelearnedfromthelovelyCanadageese'sexperienceandskills？Worktogether!Whetherinourpersonallivesorourjobs，weneedthespiritofteamwork!根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤．（注意：考生將答題卡相應(yīng)位置涂黑．正確的涂"A"，錯誤的涂"B"）41.【小題1】BecauseofCanada'scoldwinter，Canadageesehavetoflytothewarmsouthinautumn．42.【小題2】Whentheheardbirdgetstired，anotherbirdmovestothefrontandbecomesannewheadbird．43．【小題3】CanadageeseflyinginaVshapecanflyseventeenpercentfartherwithouthavingarestthanthebirdsflyingalone．44．【小題4】Duringthelongflyingjourney，Canadageesehardlycheeroneanotherupwhileworkingtowardthesamedestination．45．【小題5】Fromthepassage，we'velearnedthatthespiritofteamworkisimportanttous．【答案】41．【小題1】A42．【小題2】A43．【小題3】B44．【小題4】B45．【小題5】A【解析】45．【小題5】A細節(jié)理解題，文中提到"Worktogether!Whetherinourpersonallivesorourjobs，weneedthespiritofteamwork!"團隊協(xié)作是很重要的，只有這樣才能獲得成功，由此推測此題正確．考點：閱讀判斷題。10.【2017年黑龍江哈爾濱】Drugscomeindifferentforms．However，canyouimaginethatdrugscomeinchickeneggs？AteamofscientistsfromEnglandprovethatitcancometrue．Theyhavedevelopedspecialchickensthatlayeggswithdrugsinside．Thesespecialdrugscanhelptreatsomekindsofdiseases．Untilnow，theyhavemadetwokindsofdrugs．Onedrugcantreatskincancerandtheothercantreatanervedisease（神經(jīng)性疾?。瓹ertaindrugsareproducedbythespecialchickensinsidetheireggwhites．Thesedrugsaremadeofproteins（蛋白質(zhì)）whichcanbefoundinanimals'skin，hair，milkandmeat．ThescientistsalsouseDNAtechnologytomakesurethatthedrugsareonlyinsidetheeggwhites．Inthisway，thechickenscanstayhealthy．Besideseggwhites，drugsmadeofproteinscomeinmilkofcowsandsheep．Comparedwithcowsandsheep，thespecialchickenshaveascendancyoverthem．First，theyarecheapertoraise．Second，theyneedlessroomandgrowfaster．Thesespecialchickencanpassontheirdrug﹣producingabilitytotheirchildren．Sofar，fivegenerations（代）ofthespecialchickenshaveappeared．Butscientistsmayneedmoretimetomakethedrugsperfect．It'ssaidthatscientistswillrealizetheirdreaminfivetotenyears．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案．學(xué)+科網(wǎng)46．【小題1】Theunderlinedword"ascendancy"inthepassagemeans""inChinese．A．情況B．優(yōu)勢C．劣勢47．【小題2】Accordingtothepassage，thespecialdrugsare．A．pillsthatcantreatallcancersB．justthescientists'imaginationC．madeofproteins48．【小題3】Accordingtothepassage，thespecialchickens．A．needlessroomandgrowfasterB．weredevelopedbyscientistsfromFranceC．producecertaindrugsoutsidetheeggs49．【小題4】WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A．ThescientistsneveruseDNAtechnologytokeepthespecialchickenshealthy．B．Itmaytakescientistsmoretimetomakethedrugsperfect．C．Untilnow，scientistshavemadethreekindsofdrugs．50．【小題5】Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A．It'smainlyaboutaseriousdisease．B．It'smainlyaboutanaturalabilityofthespecialchickens．C．It'smainlyaboutthespecialdrugs．【答案】46．【小題1】B47．【小題2】C48．【小題3】A49．【小題4】B50．【小題5】C【解析】試題分析：文章主要講述的是一種來源于雞蛋的藥物。英國科學(xué)家研制出了一種雞，這種雞產(chǎn)的雞蛋的蛋清中含有一種蛋白藥物，可以用來治?。m然目前實現(xiàn)了藥物來源于雞蛋，但是科學(xué)家還需要很多年來優(yōu)化這種藥物，使其發(fā)揮更好的作用。46．【小題1】B詞義猜測題，文中提到"First，theyarecheapertoraise．Second，theyneedlessroomandgrowfaster"第一，養(yǎng)雞比較便宜，第二，養(yǎng)雞不會占用太多空間，這兩點是相對于養(yǎng)牛和羊的優(yōu)點，由此推測詞意為優(yōu)勢，故選B．50．【小題5】C推理判斷題，文中首句提到"Drugscomeindifferentforms．However，canyouimaginethatdrugscomeinchickeneggs？AteamofscientistsfromEnglandprovethatitcancometrue"藥物來源于各種方式，但是還沒有藥物來源于雞蛋，近來科學(xué)家將其成為現(xiàn)實，下文也主要介紹的是藥是如何來源于雞蛋的，故選C．考點：科普知識類閱讀。11.【2017江蘇南京】Justlikeacarengineneedspetrol(汽油),yourbodyneedsfuel(燃料;養(yǎng)料).Itneedsfood!Thethingsyoueatanddrinkareturnedintoenergy.Youneedenergyforeverything—playing,walking,running,thinking—evensleeping.Feelinghungrymaymeanyouarerunninglowonenergy.Ifitisnotmealtime,youmayneedasnacktore-fuel.Butwhatsortofsnackshouldyoueat?Thisislikechoosingtherightfuelforacar.Somecars,suchasracingcars,needthebestfueltogofastandkeeptheirenginesrunningsmoothly.So,ifyouwanttobeatyourmostlively,choosethebestfuel.Thismeanseatinghealthysnacks.Thereisnobetterwaytokeepyourenginerunningsmoothly!HealthySnacksEattheseoften.Unheal