人教版高考英語一輪復(fù)習講義必修一　Unit1Friendship

第一部分基礎(chǔ)知識必修一Unit1Friendship1.與同伴討論友誼和朋友的重要性，了解同學(xué)們的交友觀；2.重點掌握與促進友誼、提升人際關(guān)系相關(guān)的詞匯、短語和句式。What'sfriendshipforateenager?Apartnerwhoaddstoyourhappiness?Upsettoanswer?Youhavegottocalmyourselfdown.Setdownaseriesoftipsinordertofindatruefriend.Hewon'tignoreorgettiredofyouonpurposewhenyousufferfrompains.Evenifhedoesn'texactlydisagreewithyouorevenquarrelswithyoufacetoface,hewon'tdislikeyou.Hewillwalkthedogwithyouonthehighwayatduskandwashyourovercoatanddustycurtainsandpackthemintothesuitcase.Youcangetalongwellwithhimorherbecauseyouaregratefultohiminthathejoinsinyourdailylife,whichmakesyourecoverfromyourpain.Youmaynotfallinlovewithhimbutyourheartwillentirelysettledownsoonerorlater.1.addtoone'shappiness給某人增添快樂2.inordertodosth.為了3.begratefultosb.forsth.因為某事對某人感激4.joinin加入1.為了找到真正的朋友，你可以寫一些小貼士。Setdownaseriesoftipsinordertofindatruefriend.2.即使他不完全同意你的看法，或者會和你面對面吵架，他也不會不喜歡你。Evenifhedoesn'texactlydisagreewithyouorevenquarrelswithyoufacetoface,hewon'tdislikeyou.3.你可以跟他或她相處得很好，因為他和你的生活息息相關(guān)而讓你心懷感恩之心。Youcangetalongwellwithhimorherbecauseyouaregratefultohiminthathejoinsinyourdailylife.★upsetadj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的vt.(upset,upset)使不安；使心煩★ignorevt.不理睬；忽視★calmvt.&vi.(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的★concernvt.(使)擔憂；涉及；關(guān)系到n.擔心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系★powern.能力；力量；權(quán)力★facetoface面對面地★partnern.伙伴；合作者；合伙人★suffervt.&vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷★get/betiredof對……厭煩★getalongwith與……相處；進展★packvi.&vt.捆扎；包裝；打行李★fallinlove相愛；愛上★disagreevi.不同意★gratefuladj.感激的；表示謝意的★disliken.&vt.不喜歡；厭惡★joinin參加；加入★entirelyadv.完全地；全然地；整個地★dustyadj.積滿灰塵的★settlevi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居；安排；解決★recovervi.&vt.痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得★exactlyadv.確實如此；正是；確切地一、重點單詞需牢記1.upsetvt.&vi.(upset,upset,upsetting)使不安；使心煩adj.心煩意亂的；不適的；不舒服的upsetoneselfaboutsth.為某事煩惱beupsetover/about/atsth.為……感到不安beupsetby...被……打亂beupsetthat為……感到不安Don'tupsetyourself—noharmhasbeendone.不要難過——并沒有造成任何傷害。Ourarrangementsfortheweekendwereupsetbyhervisit.她的到來把我們周末的安排給打亂了。Hewasquiteupsetover/aboutherillness.他為她的病而憂心忡忡。2.ignorevt.不理睬，忽視Isaidhellotoher,butsheignoredmepletely.我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。ignorancen.無知；愚昧；不知道ignorantadj.(對某事物)不了解的；無知的；無學(xué)識的beinignoranceof/aboutsth.不知道某事beignorantof/aboutsth.不知道；沒有意識到3.calmvt.&vi.(使)平靜，(使)鎮(zhèn)定adj.平靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的calmdown平靜下來calmsb.down使某人平靜下來Haveabrandy—it'llhelptocalmyou(down).來點兒白蘭地——它能使你平靜下來。calmlyadv.平靜地；寧靜地；沉著地calm指氣候、海洋“風平浪靜的”，指人“從容鎮(zhèn)靜”quiet指因無騷擾產(chǎn)生的“安靜、無動靜、無聲響”silent指“寂靜無音的、沉默無言的”或“一片靜寂”still指“靜止的、一動不動的、寂靜的”，側(cè)重于靜止不動和完全無聲，帶有感情色彩。4.concernvt.&n．使擔心，使不安；關(guān)于，關(guān)系到beconcernedabout/for對……擔心beconcernedwith涉及；論述as/sofarassb.beconcerned就某人而言concernoneselfwith/in/aboutsth.關(guān)心某事，忙于某事havenoconcernwith...與……無關(guān)Weareratherconcernedaboutfather'shealth.我們相當擔心父親的健康。ThebookisprimarilyconcernedwithSoviet－AmericanrelationsduringtheColdWar.這部書主要講的是冷戰(zhàn)時期的蘇美關(guān)系。5.settlevi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居，安家；解決settledown鎮(zhèn)定下來；居住下來settlein在……定居settleinto習慣于；適應(yīng)于settledowntosth.專心致志于UncleGeorgedidn'tsettledownuntilhewasnearlyfifty.喬治叔叔一直到快五十歲時才安頓下來。ThefamilyhassettledinCanada.這家人已定居加拿大。Howarethekidssettlingintotheirnewschool?孩子們在新學(xué)校習慣嗎？settlementn.定居；定居點settlern.移居者；殖民者6.suffervt.&vi.遭受，蒙受，經(jīng)歷；受苦，患??；(常用于否定句)忍受sufferfrom遭受，蒙受She'ssufferingfromlossofmemory.她患有遺忘癥。Ourcitysufferedseriousdamagefromthehurricane.我市因颶風遭到嚴重破壞。Duringthewartheysufferedmanyhardships.他們在戰(zhàn)爭期間吃了許多苦頭。Thiswouldcausegreathardshipandsuffering.這將造成極大的艱難困苦。Sheborehersufferingsbravely.她勇敢地忍受著苦難。sufferingn．(身體，精神上的)痛苦，苦惱；令人痛苦的事二、重點短語需精通1.addup(to)合計Thefiguresaddupto137.這些數(shù)目加起來總和是137。addto增添；增加；增進add...to...把……增添到……Ifyouadd4to3youget7.四加三得七。Iwouldliketoaddthatwearepleasedwiththetestresult.我還要補充一下，我們對測試結(jié)果很滿意。Idon'twanttoaddtoyourtroubles.我不想給你添麻煩。2.getsth.done讓別人做某事/使得某事被做Afterwork，shegotchangedandwentdancingwithherfamily.下班后，她換好衣服同家人一起去跳舞。Hetalksloudlyandfast，andwaveshishandsaboutalotwhenhegetsexcited.他講話聲音洪亮，語速很快，當他激動時經(jīng)常四處揮舞他的雙手。getsb./sth.doing使某人/某事物……起來getsb.todosth.使/讓某人做某事getdone(狀態(tài)的改變)get作系動詞，相當于beDon'tgetTonywaitingforyououtsideallthetime.不要讓托尼一直在外面等著。Ourteachergotustofinishourhomework.老師讓我們完成我們的作業(yè)。gethurt受傷getkilled遇難getbroken破了getlost丟掉，迷路gettired累了getdressed穿衣3.gothrough經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；(仔細)檢查；通過；瀏覽；用完，做完Thecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywars.這個國家經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭。Theywentthroughourluggageatthecustoms.海關(guān)人員仔細檢查了我們的行李。Theropeistoothicktogothroughthehole.繩子太粗，穿不過這個孔。Wespentseveraldaysgoingthroughallrelatedreferencematerials.我們花了幾天時間查了所有的相關(guān)資料。Ican'tgothroughwiththisperformance,I'msonervous.我無法完成這場表演，我好緊張。4.inorderto為了……Hehastogetupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.為了趕上頭班車他不得不早起。inorderto意為“目的是，為了(引導(dǎo)目的狀語)”，可位于句首或句中；soasto意為“為了，以便”，也可引導(dǎo)目的狀語，不能放在句首，只能位于句中。它們的否定式均為在to前加not。Shearrivedearlyinorderto/soastogetagoodseat.她早早到場，以便找個好位置。Inordertogetapletepicture,furtherinformationisneeded.為掌握全面情況，還需要詳細資料。Goinquietlysoasnottowakethebabyup.悄悄進去，別把寶寶吵醒。三、重點句式能熟用1.Whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.當你在遛狗的時候，你不小心松開了它，結(jié)果它被車撞了。當從句的主語和主句的主語一致時，若從句的謂語動詞是系動詞be或包含be的某種形式，此時從句的主語和be動詞通常可以一同省略。While(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。If(itis)heated,watercanbeturnedintovapour.如果受熱，水會變成蒸氣。當從句的主語是it,且謂語動詞是be或包含be的某種形式時，it和be?？赏瑫r省略。If(it/is)possible/necessary,thisoldtemplewillberebuilt.如果可能/必要的話，將重修這座古廟。Thereareonlyafewbooksinourschoollibrary,if(thereare)any.我們學(xué)校圖書館有書，但不多。2.Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故。我變得對一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無比狂熱。句中it's...that...是強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。強調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis/was＋被強調(diào)成分＋that/who＋其他成分”。強調(diào)句型可以用來強調(diào)除謂語以外的各種成分。ItwasonMondaynightthatallthishappened.(強調(diào)時間狀語)這一切都發(fā)生在周一晚上。ItwasMarythat/whoImetinthestreet.(強調(diào)賓語)我在街上遇見的是瑪麗。ItwasIthat/whometMaryinthestreet.(強調(diào)主語)是我在街上遇見了瑪麗。ItwasinthestreetthatImetMary.(強調(diào)地點狀語)我是在街上遇見的瑪麗?！咀⒁狻?1)判斷方法：將Itis/was...that/who...去掉，看剩下部分是否仍然完整。若完整，則是強調(diào)句型；若不完整，則為某種從句。(2)強調(diào)主語時，that或who后面的謂語動詞必須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。3....itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface...這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚……It/That/Thiswas(wouldbe)thefirst(second,third...)time＋that從句(過去完成時)。It/This/Thatis(willbe)thefirst/secondtime＋that從句(現(xiàn)在完成時)。ItwasthesecondtimethatshehadvisitedLondon.這是她第二次游覽倫敦。ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseensuchabigwatermelon.這是我第一次見這么大的西瓜?！咀⒁狻咳绻鹴ime前有l(wèi)ast修飾，一般不用完成時態(tài)。(1)該句型的反意疑問部分為isn'tit或wasn'tit。(2)Itis(high)＋time＋從句[用一般過去時或should(should不能省略)＋動詞原形]。(3)thefirsttime意為“第一次”，用作連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。(4)forthefirsttime意為“第一次”，用作介詞短語，單獨作狀語，不接從句。四、話題寫作多積累訓(xùn)練一：寫建議信建議信是向收信人對某事提出寫信人的建議和忠告。建議信有可能是寫給個人，就其遇到的某個問題提出自己的看法和觀點；也可能是寫給某個組織和機構(gòu)，就改進其服務(wù)提出建議或忠告。建議信要寫出寫信的原因，建議的內(nèi)容，提出建議的理由，提出的理由要入情入理，語氣一定要禮貌當先。因此建議信要寫得簡明扼要、目的明確、具有合理性和說服力。第一段：交代所建議針對的背景事件，說明寫該信的目的。應(yīng)該首先肯定對方的優(yōu)點，然后再寫需要改進的地方或針對具體情況提出具體建議或忠告。千萬注意不要讓別人以為你是在投訴，而不是提建議。第二段：具體闡述自己的建議并說明理由。理由可以一次列出，盡量不少于兩條，以使得所給出的理由更充分，更有說服力。針對該事所存在的可能發(fā)生的不良后果提出建議，引出對建議的具體闡述。第三段：雖然自己給出的建議對方未必接受，但是寫信者也要衷心地表達良好的祝愿和期望。注意：在寫建議信的整個過程中都要注意有禮貌，這樣收信人讀了你的建議信之后才有可能意識到你的出發(fā)點是為他著想的，從而更有可能接受你的建議。(1)表達“建議”的常用句型：Iwouldliketosuggestthat...AsfarasIamconcerned.../Inmyopinion...IfIwereyou,Iwould...Itseemstomethatyoucould...(2)建議信結(jié)尾常用語：Ithinkitwouldbemorebeneficialifyoucould...Ibelieveyouwilltakemyadviceintoconsideration.Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionsuseful.Iwillbemorethanhappytoseeimprovementsinthisregard.Iwillbereadyforfurtherdiscussingthismatterintodetails.Dear________，Iam______.Yourcollectionofsuggestionon______is______.Asisknown，________.Mysuggestionsare________：First，________.(Peoplecan________．)Second,(tomakeeconomicprofits，)________．Third，________.(Asmanyofthem________．)【例1】(1)用upset的適當形式填空①Thefood__upset__mystomach.②Shefeltrather__upset__onhearingthenews.③Isitan__upsetting__message?④Don'tbe__upset__.ItwillbeOK.(2)使用恰當?shù)慕樵~填空Shewaspletelyupsetabout/overhercarelessnessbecauseshelostthenecklaceborrowedfromherfriend.upset的過去式和過去分詞相同，均為upset，且其本身是一個兼類詞，作形容詞的時候也是upset。【例2】用ignore的適當形式填空(1)He__ignored__thespeedlimitanddroveveryfast.(2)Iamembarrassedbymyplete__ignorance__ofhistory.(3)Peopledon'tliketoaskquestionsforfearofappearing__ignorant__.【例3】翻譯句子①天空碧藍，海上風平浪靜。The__sky__is__blue,__and__the__sea__is__calm.②他在鄉(xiāng)間過著安靜的生活。He__had__a__quiet__life__in__the__countryside.③房子里空無一人，寂靜無聲。The__house__is__empty__and__silent.④萬籟俱寂。All__sounds__are__still.__calm是一個典型的兼類詞，應(yīng)該根據(jù)語法常識判斷其在句中的詞性。這幾個形容詞雖然各有“靜”意，但是也各有側(cè)重，使用之前必須了解它們各自在什么語境下使用?！纠?】(1)用concern的適當形式填空①Thereisanarticlethat__concerns__theriseoftheprices.②Thechildrenarerather__concerned__abouttheirmother'shealth.③Officialsshould__concern__themselveswithpublicaffairs.(2)單句改錯Themeetingwasconcernedaboutreformsandallpresentwereconcernedfortheirowninterests.about__改為withconcern既可作動詞，也可作名詞。用作動詞時，經(jīng)常用其系表結(jié)構(gòu)。而concerning是一個介詞，意為“關(guān)于”；concerned是一個形容詞，意為“有關(guān)的；擔心的”。Sheshowedagreatdealofconcernforherson'sillness.她非常擔心她兒子的病情。Ihavenoconcernwiththepany.我和該公司沒有任何關(guān)聯(lián)?！纠?】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(1)He__settled__hischild__in__(安頓在)acornerofthepartment.(2)Thenewlawispartlyintended__to__settle__the__problem__(解決……問題)offoreignlorrydriversignoringlimitstoweightandhoursatthewheel.(3)Isortedoutmymail,andthen__settled__down__to__some__serious__work__(開始做一些嚴肅的工作).settler是指早期到達一個地方定居拓荒的人，早期乘五月花號船為躲避政治迫害而到達美洲大陸的那一批英國人屬于settler之列。而immigrant是指一個國家成立后，從外國到這個國家定居的移民，20世紀初大量涌入美國的意大利人就屬于immigrant之列?！纠?】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(1)Those__who__suffer__from__headaches__(那些頭痛的人)willfindtheygetrelieffromthismedicine.(2)He__suffered__much__difficulty__(受過許多苦難)beforehebecameafootballstar.(3)TheRepublicanPartyonce__suffered__a__huge__defeat__(遭到慘敗)inthepolls.suffer作及物動詞時，后面常跟pain/loss/punishment/hardship/injustice(不公正)/defeat/insult(侮辱)；作不及物動詞時，常與from連用，意為“受……折磨”，“患……病”，其后的名詞多表示非常具體的不幸或痛苦，如：cold/headaches/hearttrouble/overwork/floods/droughts?！纠?】用add有關(guān)短語的適當形式填空(1)Hewrotedowntheweightofeachstoneandthen__added__up__alltheweights.(2)ThatistheverycoinIneedto__add__to__mycollection.(3)He__added__somewood__to__increasethefire.addup與addupto的用法區(qū)別在于，addup的主語通常為人，而addupto的主語多為事或物，且不用于被動語態(tài)?！纠?】(1)根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子①講解后，老師讓我們思考問題。Shortlyaftertheexplanation,theteachergotus__thinking.②我們將很快為你訂制一套新衣服。Wewillgetanewsuit__made__foryou.③她試圖使他說話。Shetriedtogethim__to__talk．(2)用所給詞的適當形式填空Alexandertriedtogethiswork__recognized(recognize)inthemedicalcircles.getsth.done是“讓別人做某事”，即“使得某事被做”，get為使役動詞，表示“使；促使”，done是過去分詞作賓語補足語，與sth.有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，這與havesth.done句型的用法一樣?！纠?】根據(jù)句意，在橫線上寫出gothrough的含義(1)Thestreamgoesthroughthefieldbehindourhouse.流過(2)Hewentthroughtheforestforthemissinggirl.穿過(3)Wehaveallgonethroughtherequiredentranceexams.通過(4)Shewentthroughhisjacketsandeventuallyfoundthekeys.仔細檢查【例4】一句多“譯”他努力學(xué)習，以趕上他的同學(xué)。(1)Heworkshardso__that/in__order__that__hecouldkeepupwithhisclassmates.(2)Heworkshardin__order__to/__so__as__tokeepupwithhisclassmates.(3)In__order__to__keepupwithhisclassmates,heworkshard.sothat,inorderthat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時，從句中需加情態(tài)動詞may,might,could,can等。在使用inorderto/soasto時，不定式動作的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致?！纠?】用所給單詞的適當形式填空(1)Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhenpared__(pare)tosuchartformsasmusicandpainting.(2)Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,unlessacpanied(acpany)byanadult.(3)Whencrossing__(cross)thestreet,youshouldbecareful.當所給的詞為動詞時，判斷動詞與其邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系還是被動關(guān)系有助于迅速確定答案，即主動使用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動使用過去分詞。狀語從句同時具備下列兩個條件：①主句和從句的主語一致，或從句主語為it；②從句謂語動詞是be的某種形式。【例2】使用強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)完成句子(1)It__was__playing__puter__games__that(就是玩電腦游戲)costtheboyalotoftimeheshouldhavespentonhislessons.(2)It__was__I__who/that(就是我)wastoblame.(3)It__was__in__the__museum__that(就是在博物館)Ifirstmethim.(4)It__was__at__three__o'clock__that__(就是在三點鐘)Igothome.被強調(diào)的部分是人時，連詞可用that或who；其他一律用that。在句型“Itis/wasnotuntil＋被強調(diào)部分＋that＋其他部分”中，只用until，不用till。但如果不是強調(diào)句型，till，until可通用；因為句型中Itis/wasnot...已經(jīng)是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句，且使用正常語序。【例3】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(1)這是我最后一次問你要錢。Thiswasthe__last__timethatIhadaskedyouforthemoney.(2)是發(fā)表這篇文章的時候了。It'shigh__time__thatthearticlewere/shouldbepublished.(3)對初次到倫敦的學(xué)生們來說，下面哪一個提供了最可靠的信息呢？Forstudentsgoing/whogotoLondonfor__the__first__time,__whichofthefollowingprovidesthemostreliableinformation?(4)第一次給旅行團講解時，我心情很不好。Ifeltbadthe__first__timeItalkedtoatourgroup.(2018屆江蘇南京質(zhì)檢)為了更好地了解中學(xué)生課外閱讀狀況，最近你校分別對初中和高中學(xué)生進行了一次問卷調(diào)查。以下是調(diào)查的部分結(jié)果。調(diào)查內(nèi)容初中生高中生喜歡閱讀的材料幽默故事、卡通雜志通俗小說、科幻小說、經(jīng)典作品每年閱讀5本以上人數(shù)比例21%37%課外閱讀少的原因作業(yè)太多，沒時間假設(shè)你是李華，請給ChinaDaily的編輯寫一封信，簡述以上調(diào)查結(jié)果，并就目前中學(xué)生課外閱讀狀況發(fā)表你自己的看法和建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)：120左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearEditor，Recentlyasurveyhasbeendonetofindoutthereadinghabitsofmiddleschoolstudents.Whenaskedwhattheyliketoread,juniorstudentssaidtheypreferjokes,storiesandcartoonmagazines,whileseniorstudentsliketoreadpopnovels,sciencefictionandclassicworks.Thesurveyalsoshowsthatonly21percentofthejuniorstudentsand37percentoftheseniorstudentsreadmorethan5booksperyear.Asforwhytheyreadsolittle,nearlyallthestudentsquestionedsaidtheyhavenotimetodoafter－classreadingbecausetheyhavetodoendlesshomework.Undoubtedly,after－classreadingdoeshelpwithourstudyandcangreatlyenrichourlife.Westudentsshouldbegivenmoretimetoread,andofcourse,lesshomeworktodo.Yours,LiHua第一段：先明確調(diào)查的對象是中學(xué)生，調(diào)查的項目是他們的課外閱讀狀況。第二段：呈現(xiàn)調(diào)查結(jié)果和內(nèi)容，從三個角度體現(xiàn)出不同，分別是：1.喜歡閱讀的材料；2.每年閱讀5本以上人數(shù)比例；3.課外閱讀少的原因。通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)初中生更喜歡幽默故事、卡通雜志，而高中生喜歡通俗小說、科幻小說、經(jīng)典作品，且每年閱讀5本以上的人數(shù)比例有一定差別。第三段：結(jié)合調(diào)查結(jié)果給出建議，既要考慮到學(xué)生的首要任務(wù)是完成學(xué)業(yè)，也要就豐富學(xué)生的課余知識給出合理的建議。計策1：找邏輯主語計策2：判斷主動還是被動考向二在閱讀理解中考查“友誼”到“人際關(guān)系”(2018浙江卷一，A)WhenIwasinfourthgrade,Iworkedpart－timeasapaperboy.Mrs.Stanleywasoneofmycustomers.She'dwatchmeingdownherstreet,andbythetimeI'dbikeduptoherdoorstep,there'dbeacolddrinkwaiting.I'dsitanddrinkwhileshetalked.Mrs.Stanleytalkedmostlyaboutherdeadhusband,“Mr.StanleyandIwentshoppingthismorning.”she'dsay.Thefirsttimeshesaidthat,soda(汽水)wentupmynose.ItoldmyfatherhowMrs.StanleytalkedasifMr.Stanleywerestillalive.Dadsaidshewasprobablylonely,andthatIoughttositandlistenandnodmyheadandsmile,andmaybeshe'dwork__it__out__of__her__system.Sothat'swhatIdid,anditturnedoutDadwasright.Afterawhilesheseemedcontenttoleaveherhusbandoveratthecemetery(墓地)．Ifinallyquitdeliveringnewspapersanddidn'tseeMrs.Stanleyforseveralyears.Thenwecrossedpathsatachurchfund－raiser(募捐活動).Shewasspooningmashedpotatoesandlookinghappy.Fouryearsbefore,she'dhadtoofferherpaperboyadrinktohavesomeonetotalkwith.Nowshehadfriends.Herhusbandwasgone,butlifewenton.Iliveinthecitynow,andmypaperboyisaladynamedEdnawiththreekids.SheasksmehowI'mdoing.WhenIdon'tsay“fine”，shesticksaroundtohearmyproblems.She'slivedinthecitymostofherlife,butsheknowsaboutmunity.munityisn'tsomuchaplaceasitisastateofmind.Youfinditwheneverpeopleaskhowyou'redoingbecausetheycare,andnotbecausethey'regettingpaidtodoso.Sometimesit'sgoodtojustsmile,nodyourheadandlisten.1.Whydidsodagouptheauthor'snoseonetime?A.Hewastalkingfast. B.Hewasshocked.C.Hewasinahurry. D.Hewasabsent－minded.2.WhydidtheauthorsitandlistentoMrs.StanleyaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Heenjoyedthedrink.B.Hewantedtobehelpful.C.Hetookthechancetorest.D.Hetriedtopleasehisdad.3.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“workitoutofhersystem”？A.recoverfromhersadnessB.moveoutoftheneighborhoodC.turntoheroldfriendsD.speakoutaboutherpast4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkpeopleinamunityshoulddo?A.Openuptoothers. B.Dependoneachother.C.Payforothers'help. D.Careaboutoneanother. 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者在當報童時遇到一位終日悲傷的顧客。作者總是與她聊天，幫助她走出悲傷。1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句話可知當作者第一次聽Stanley夫人說到自己與已經(jīng)去世的丈夫購物時，肯定會感到非常驚訝。2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，作者坐下來傾聽Stanley夫人說話的目的是為了陪她，給她解解悶，安慰她，使她早日走出悲傷。3.A詞義猜測題。前一句提到作者坐下來傾聽Stanley夫人說話的目的是為了給她解悶，使她早日走出悲傷，由此可以判斷workitoutofhersystem意為“從悲傷中恢復(fù)過來”。4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句話可知，作者認為有時候?qū)e人點點頭，微笑一下或者停下來傾聽別人都是有好處的?？枷蛞辉谡Z法填空中設(shè)題(2018浙江卷一)Youneedtoreallyreadatleastonegoodbookaweek,preferablyaclassic.Thisisn'tashardasitsounds,anditisfarbetterthananyothermethodbecauseyouimproveyourvocabularywhile______(read)aninterestingpieceofliterature.【答案】reading考查非謂語動詞。當你在閱讀一篇有趣的文學(xué)作品的時候可以提高你的詞匯量，read的邏輯主語是you，兩者之間是主動關(guān)系，所以使用動詞的－ing形式。whilereading相當于whileyouarereading?！叭穗H關(guān)系類”閱讀理解解題技巧人際關(guān)系包括師生關(guān)系、父子關(guān)系、同學(xué)關(guān)系、朋友關(guān)系等，常指人與人交往關(guān)系的總稱。該類語篇以記敘文為主。為了突出人物，往往通過事件渲染不同人物的特點，再通過不同人物之間的關(guān)系交織呈現(xiàn)一個故事，多為蘊含生活真理的故事。分析這類文章時有兩個計策。計策1：花開兩朵，各表一枝即抓住文章中兩個主角各自的主線，然后將其交織得出文章想要表達的中心。在本文中，可以這樣展開分析：人物IStanley活動Paperboy，herdoorstep，shocked，listenandnod，church，fund－raisercustomers,sitanddrinkandtalked,herdeadhusband，leaveherhusband，lifewenton交織shehadfriendsbecauseofmypany影響Iandmypaperboyaregoodtojustsmile,nodourheadandlisten.計策2：緊抓作者的情感線索該話題的文章多數(shù)以第一人稱為主，抓住作者的情感，以此為樹干再結(jié)合可能涉及的其他人的活動，最后回到主題。例如本文中除了作者之外，還涉及了另外三個人：IOthers&theiractionskind,shockedbutlistened，surprisedStanleytalkedmostlyaboutherdeadhusband，anewlookpuzzled，understandingDadgavereasonableadviceolderandfacedwithproblemsEdnasticksaroundtohearmyproblemsit'sgoodtojustsmile,nodyourheadandlisten.一、詞匯拓展1.addvt.增加→__addition__n．增加物2.ignorevt.不理睬，忽視→__ignorance__n.忽視；不理睬3.calmadj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的→__calmness__n．平靜4.concernvt.涉及；關(guān)系到→__concerned__adj.關(guān)心的；掛念的5.entirelyadv.完全地；全然地；整個地→__entire__adj.完全的；全然的entirely＝pletely＝totally＝whollyadv.完全地；徹底地6.powern．能力；力量；權(quán)力→__powerful__adj.有權(quán)力的7.settlevi.&vt.安家；定居；停留→settlementn．安頓→settlern.定居者；殖民者8.suffervt.&vi.遭受；經(jīng)歷；忍受→sufferingn.苦難，痛苦9.recovervt.&vi.痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得→recoveryn．恢復(fù)10.packvt.&vi.捆扎；包裝→packagen．包裹11.exactlyadv.確實如此；正是；確切→exactadj.確切的12.disagreevi.不同意→disagreementn．不同意13.gratefuladj.感激的；表示謝意的→gratituden.感激；感謝二、單句語法填空1.Themotherisconcerned(concern)abouthersonwhostudiesabroad.2.Ican'tmakeajudgmentonthisideauntilIhaveunderstooditentirely(entire).3.Pleasetakeoffyourdusty(dust)clothesandthrowthemintothewashingmachine.4.Sometimesasmileisso__powerful__(power)thatitcanchangeaperson'slife.5.Howwonderful!Whatyousaidis__exactly__(exact)whatIwasthinking!6.The____curtains(curtain)weresuddenlydrawnandabrightlightpouredinthroughthewindow.7.Mr.Li__settled__(settle)inAmericathreeyearsago.動詞時態(tài)的選擇除了看句中的時間狀語，還可以根據(jù)語境進行判斷。8.People__suffered__(suffer)alotduringtheWorldWarⅡ.9.She__packed__(pack)allherbelongingsintoasuitcase.10.Ittookhimhalfayear__to__recover__(recover)fromhisleginjury.11.Many__teenagers__(teenager)arespendingtoomuchtimeonputergames.12.Herearesometips__(tip)foryoutoimproveyourspokenEnglish.13.Hisparents____disagreed__(disagree)withhisplantogoswimming,whichmadehimunhappy.14.Hewassurprisedather__calmness__(calm)infaceofdanger.15.Ifyoudon'tstop__gossiping__(gossip)aboutothers,you'lllosemostofyourfriends.16.Hesuggeststhatanyonewhodislikes__(dislike)theideadropthegameimmediately.17.Firstly,smokingisharmfultothesmokers;secondly__(second),itcausessecondhandsmoke.18.Actuallyyoudon'tneedtosetdowntoomany__items__(item)．19.Mrs.Browngavemesomuchhelp,soIamverygrateful__to__her.20.Tonyswappedhisbasketball__for__atoycar.三、用短語的適當形式填空gothrough,facetoface,packup,sufferfrom,get(be)tiredof,onpurpose,aseriesof,fallinlove,recoverfrom,getalongwellwith,settledown,nolonger,joinin,disagreewith,(be)gratefulto1.Accordingtothelatestsurvey,manypeopleare__suffering__fromheartdisease.2.I__get/am__tired__of__watchingTV;let'sgoforawalk.3.Haveyou__packed__yourbrother'sthings__up?4.Ittooktherestofthewinterforhertorecover__from__herheartoper