專(zhuān)題10健康飲食-備戰(zhàn)2022年中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解熱點(diǎn)話題特訓(xùn)

10健康飲食Passage1Chinesepeopleusedtogreeteachotherwith"Haveyouhadyourmeal?toshowtheirfriendliness.Recently,however,anewgreetinghasemergedinmanyChinesecities,namely"Haveyoulostweight?"ChenXin,amanagerofacompanyinHangzhou,succeededinlosingweight."Followinginstructionsfrommycoach,Iwentonadiet(飲食)andlost10kilograms,"Chensaidwithasatisfiedsmile.Inrecentyears,food-delivery(食物速遞)serviceshavebeengrowingfastandenteringeverycornerofChinesecities.Also,Chinesepeoplecaneasilygetdifferentkindsoffoodsfromallovertheworld.Butpeoplearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontotheirhealth.Foodwrittenwith"lowcalories"and"lightfood"arebecomingpopular.Morepeoplearebecomingfamiliarwithhealthyideaslike"sugarcut-off"and"low-calorieFastDietplan".Exceptforhealthierdiets,manypeoplebelieve,toloseweight,itisnotenoughifyouonlycontrolyourfoodintake.Doingsportsisalsoofgreatimportance.JiangYichen,ateacheratauniversityinBeijing,doessportsinatrainingcenterifhefinishesworkearly."Doingsportsprovidesmewithenergy,andenergybringsmealotofpleasure,"Jiangsaid.LikeJiang,manypeoplelikesports,andsomeeventakefitnessequipment(健身器材)home.Overthepasttwoyears,theonlinesalesoffitnessequipmenthaveincreasedquickly,especiallyamongwomenwhobelievethatit'simportanttomanagethebody,accordingtoa2019surveyonTmall.Peopleevenliketorunmarathons.InChina'sbigcities,holdingmarathonshasbecomeafashion.AccordingtotheChinaMarathonAnnualReport,1,828marathonswereheldnationwidein2019,covering31provinces,with7.12millionplayers.1．Theunderlinedword"emerged"inParagraph1hastheclosestmeaningto________.A．a(chǎn)ppeared B．continued C．changed D．improved2．Paragraph3mainlytellsusthatinChina________.A．food-deliveryservicesaregrowingfast B．newideasarechangingpeople'slifegreatlyC．peoplebegintocaremoreabouttheirhealth D．it'seasiertoenjoyfoodfromdifferentcountries3．TheexampleofJiangYichenistakenbythewritertoshow________.A．controllingfoodintakeisveryimportant B．mostteachersareinterestedindoingsportsC．fitnessequipmenthelpstomanageourbody D．sportsbecomeapartofmanypeople'slivesPassage2Jerrylikesfood.Helikesfruitsandvegetables.Helikesmeatandmilk,too.Heisnotpicky,andheeatseverything.OnedayhegoestovisithisfriendLeo.It’sabirthdaypartyforLeo.Heenjoysthepartywithhisfriends.Theydanceandhavefun.Attheendofthenight,Leo’smothercomeswithacake.Everyoneisveryhappy.Theylikesweetcakes.Leo’smothergiveseveryoneapieceofcake.Jerryisthefirstonetogetthecake.Atthebeginning,heisveryhappy,butafterafewminutes,hefeelssick（感到惡心）andrunsoutside.Whenhecomesback,everyoneisverysurprised（驚訝的）.Leoasks,“Jerry,areyouOK?”Jerryissurprised.“Why,Leo?Whydoyousaythat?”“Well,”Leoanswers,“Youusuallylovefoodverymuch!Youdon’trunawayfromanyfood!”Jerrysmilesandsays,“Yes,Leo.Ilovefood.Butthatcakeisnotfoodforme!”4．WhatdoesJerrydoatLeo’shouse?A．Hedanceshappilywithhisfriends.B．HemakesacakewithLeo’smum.C．HesingsandplaysgameswithLeo.D．HehelpsLeowithhishomework.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“picky”inParagraph1meaninChinese?A．淘氣的 B．健康的 C．挑食的 D．聰明的6．WhydoesJerryrunawayfromthecake?A．Becausethecakeisanotarealcake.B．Becausehebecomessad.C．Becausehedoesn’tlikethecake.D．Becausehewantssomemorecakes.Passage3Weknowhealthandhappinessareimportantineveryone’slife.Herearesomewaystomakethemeasy.★Eatabalanceddiet(平衡飲食).Eatalotoffruitandvegetables,somegrains(谷物)andalittlemeat.★Exercisetwiceorthreetimesaweek.★Getenoughsleep.Itisbesttogeteighthours’sleepaday.★Keepyourselfbusy.Thisisgoodbecauseitstopsyoufromhavingbadhabits.Tokeepyourselfbusy,youcanwalkaroundthehouse,spendtimewithyourpets,doasport,ordoahobbyyouenjoy.★Gooutandmakefriends.Spendtimeandhavefunwiththem.Talkwiththem,butyoumustbesurenottotalkaboutanythingbad.Youshouldstaywiththepeoplewhoarehealthyandhappythemselves.7．Howoftenshouldyouexerciseifyouwanttogethealthandhappiness?A．Everyday. B．Twiceaday C．Twiceorthreetimesaweek. D．Threetimesamonth.8．Howmanywaysdoesthewritergivetomakeushealthyandhappy?A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six9．Theunderlinedword“it”refersto(指的是)“________”.A．eatingabalanceddiet. B．exercisingmoreC．keepingyourselfbusy D．makingfriends10．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Weshouldeatalotofmeattokeephealthy. B．Weshouldexercisetokeephealthy.C．Thepeoplewhomwemakefriendswithmustbehealthyandhappythemselves. D．Wecanspendourfreetimedoingasportordoinghobbyweenjoy.11．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．EatingHabit B．HealthyLifestyle C．Makingfriends D．WaystoHaveHealthandHappinesPassage4Thereareallkindsoffood.Somearegoodforhealth.Someareunhealthy,likehamburgersandice-cream.Thepassagetalksaboutsomefoodthatcanhelpuskeephealthy.Orangesandorangejuice.Theygiveusenoughvitamin(維生素)C．Startingadaywithasmallglassoforangejuiceinthemorningisgoodforourhealth.Greenvegetables.Theyhelpusstayawayfromcancer(癌癥).Theyalsogiveusdifferentvitamins.Yogurt(酸奶).Itismadefrommilk.Itisgoodforusandcanmakeourbodystrong.Sonexttimeyouwanttodrinkacupofcoffee,getyourselfacupofyogurt.Greentea.Ihelpsustobethin.Weshouldtrytodrinkmore.However,trynottodrinkitbeforeyougotobed.It’snothardtoputthesekindsoffoodintoourdailydiet(日常飲食).Ofcourse,wecanhavethemtogetherwithotherkindsoffood.Thatwillmakemealshealthyanddelicious.12．Accordingtothepassage,weshoulddrinkorangejuice________.A．a(chǎn)tbreakfasttime B．beforebedtime C．a(chǎn)tlunchtime D．a(chǎn)fterdinner13．Yogurtcanhelpus________.A．takeinenoughvitaminC B．haveastrongbodyC．liveahappylife D．stayawayfromcancer14．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthepassage?A．CookingEating B．FoodHealth C．FoodSports D．SportsDietPassage5Moderation（自我調(diào)節(jié)）Payattentiontohowyouleadyourlifemostofthetime.Ahealthylifestyleisonethatdoesn’ttakeextremes（極端）asawayoflife.Bemoderateinwhatyoudo.EatwellItisimportanttopayattentiontobothwhatyoueatandhowyoueat.AsSocratessaid:“Youshouldeattolive;notlivetoeat.”Adifferentdiet（飲食）withvegetablesandfreshfruitsisgoodforthebrain.Alsotaketimeoffformeals.ExerciseStudentsmustknowthevalueofexercisebecauseitplaysanecessarypartincounterbalancing（抵消）thestress（壓力）responsesproducedinourbodiesbyhavingtomeetexams.SleepStudentsaregettinglessandlessofsleepwhichmightleadtomorestress.Thehoursofsleepbeforemidnightarethoughttobethemosthelpful.Forthisreasonstudentsmustre-regulatetheirbodyclockandgotobedandgetupatregulartime.ExpressyourselfThewaystudentsfeelabouttheirworkandotherissuesintheirlifeplaysahugepartinhowtheydealwithstress.Itisadvisablethatstudentsshouldberealisticwhateverhappensintheirlives.Tosumup,studiesarereallyveryimportant,butneverattheexpense（代價(jià)）ofstudents’physicalandmentalwell-being.Besides,ifstudentsfeelwelltheywillbereadytofacethechallenges（挑戰(zhàn)）ofexamsaliveandkicking.15．Whatfoodisgoodforthebrainaccordingtoparagraphtwo?A．Vegetablesandfruits. B．Hamburgersandmeat. C．Riceandnoodles.16．Whenisthebesttimeforastudenttogotosleep?A．At7:00pm. B．At10:00pm. C．At1:00am.17．Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthisarticle?A．Inatourguide. B．Onawebpagefortips. C．Inadailynewspaper.18．What’sthebesttitleofthereading?A．Stressinpartofstudents’livesB．AhealthymindinahealthybodyC．PrepareforyourexamswithahealthybodyandmindPassage6Isitpossibletohaveadiet（日常飲食）that’sbothhealthyandfriendlytoourplanet?Hereareanswerstoyoureco-friendlyfoodquestions.DoeswhatIeatinfluenceclimate（氣候）change?Yes.Theworld’sfoodsystemisresponsiblefor（為……負(fù)責(zé)）aboutonequarteroftheplanet—warminggreenhousegasesthathumansproduceeachyear.Thatincludesraisingandharvestingalltheplants,animals,andanimalproductsweeat,aswellasprocessing,packaging,andshippingfoodtomarketsallovertheworld.Whichfoodshavethelargestinfluence?Ingeneral,beefandlambhavethebiggestclimatefootprintpergramofproteinwhileplant—basedfoodslikebeans,rice,cornandwheathavethesmallestinfluence.Pork,chicken,eggsaresomewhereinthemiddle.IsthereasimplefoodchoiceIcanmake?Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhoeatameat—heavydietcanreducetheirfood—relatedfootprintbyonethirdormorebymovingtoavegandiet—nomeat,dairy（乳制品）,oreggs.Ifyoudon’twanttogothatfar,justeatlessmeat.CanIreallymakeadifferencetoourplanet?Weneedmorefoodtofeedtheworld’sgrowingpopulation.Onepersonalonecanmakeonlyatinydifference.Ifmanypeoplemakechangestotheirdiets,thatwillstarttoaddup.Itwillmakeagreaterdifferenceiftheworld’sheaviestmeateatersmakesomechangestotheirdiets.19．Accordingtothepassage,whichfoodshavethesmallestinfluenceonourplanet?A．Beefandlamb. B．Riceandcorn. C．Chickenandpork. D．Beansandbeef.20．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Onepersonalonemakesnodifferencetoourplanet.B．Shippingfoodalovertheworldhasnoinfluenceonclimatechange.C．Alltheplanet—warminggreenhousegasescomefromthefoodsystem.D．Meateaterscanreducetheirfood—relatedfootprintbyeatinglessmeat.21．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Howtoproducemoremeat B．Howtomakemoreplant—basedfoodsC．Howtoeatbetterfortheplanet D．Howtoaskeco—friendlyfoodquestionsPassage7Mr.Lilivedinthecity.Hewasfatandunhealthy.Hehadanunhealthydiet（飲食）andhedidn'tdoanyexercise.MissChenwashiscousin.Shelivedinthecountryside.Shewasslim（苗條的）andhealthy.Shehadahealthydietandworkedinhergardeneveryday.Oneday,Mr.LiwenttovisitMissChenandhadlunchwithher.“Whatwouldyoulikeforlunch?”askedMissChen.“I'dlikesomepizza,somechipsandsomeice-cream,”saidMr.Li.“Idon'thavethatkindoffoodinmyhouse.Ieatalotofrice.Ieatplentyof（大量）freshfruitandvegetables.Ialsoeatsomemeatandfish,butIonlyeatalittlesaltandsweet,”saidMissChen.Mr.Listayedwithhiscousinforafewweeks.HeworkedinMissChen'sgarden.Heatealotofrice,plentyoffreshfruitandvegetables,somemeatandfishandalittlesaltandsweet.Hebecamestrongandhealthy.22．MissChenlikedtoeat_______.A．fruitandvegetables B．chipsandice-cream C．saltandsweet D．pizzaandchips23．MissChenwashealthybecauseshe__________.A．hadagarden B．livedinthecountrysideC．eatsmuchsalt D．hadagooddietandworkedinhergardeneveryday24．Mr.Lioftenhad_______sohewasfat.A．meatandfish B．fruitandvegetables C．pizzaandchips D．somerice25．AtMissChen'shome,Mr.Liate________saltandsweet.A．a(chǎn)little B．plentyof C．a(chǎn)lotof D．no26．AfterstayingwithMissChenforafewweeks,Mr.Libecame_______.A．slimandhealthy B．strongandhealthyC．fatandunhealthy D．fatbuthealthyPassage8Sometimesitcanfeelasifeatingahealthydiet(飲食)，gettingenoughexerciseandfindingthetimetoenjoyyourselfisimpossible.Butlearningtoliveahealthierlifestyleiseasywhenyouchange(改變)onesmallthingatatime.FollowRosalindRyan'sadviceandyou'llsoonbefullofideas.▲Eatbeet(甜菜)more.Itsoundsstrange,butdoctorssaydrinking500mlofbeetrootjuicecouldreducebloodpressure(降低血)afterjustonehour.Sodrinkupthepinkjuice.▲Thinkoutsidethebox.Inourlifewewillspend17yearsofourlivesonthesofa,andwewillspendsevenyearswatchingTV.Nexttimeyouhearyourselfsay,"Ihaven’tgottimetogotothegym.”Don'tfindthisexcusebutdosomethinghealthyinstead.▲Embrace(擁抱)goodhealth.Givingyourpartnerahug(擁抱)doesn’tjustwarmtheheart,itcanprotect(保護(hù))ittoo.Astudybyauniversityfoundthathuggingyourfriendfor20secondscouldreducebloodpressure,andmakeushappy.▲Reducesaltintake(攝入).Weeataround9.5gofsaltaday,butthegovernmentwantsustocutthistonomorethan6g,becauseahighlevelofsaltcanpushup(提高)yourbloodpressure.27．What'sthepinkjuiceinthefirstpieceofadvice?A．Fruitjuice. B．Orangejuice. C．Beetrootjuice. D．Vegetablesjuice.28．Wheredopeoplespendmuchtimeintheirlife?A．OnTVandsofa. B．Onthesofa. C．Onthegym. D．OnTV.29．Givingyourpartnerahugcould________.A．protecttheheart B．makeushappyC．reducebloodpressure D．a(chǎn)lloftheabove(A,BandC)30．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．SomeAdvice B．HealthyLifestyleC．HowToLiveLonger D．EatingAhealthyDiet【答案】1．A2．C3．D【分析】本文主要向我們介紹當(dāng)代人對(duì)于健康飲食和運(yùn)動(dòng)的看法和做法。1．詞義猜測(cè)題。分析“Recently,however,anewgreetinghasemergedinmanyChinesecities”可知，然而最近，一種新的問(wèn)候方式在中國(guó)的許多城市出現(xiàn)了，此處emerged的意思是“出現(xiàn)”，故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。分析第三段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹人們?cè)絹?lái)越關(guān)注他們的健康，推崇健康理念。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Doingsportsprovidesmewithenergy,andenergybringsmealotofpleasure”和“LikeJiang,manypeoplelikesports,andsomeeventakefitnessequipment(健身器材)home.”可知，蔣一晨如果下班早就會(huì)去鍛煉，很多人像他一樣，甚至把健身器材帶回家。所以本段想借這個(gè)例子證明體育運(yùn)動(dòng)已成為許多人生活的一部分。故選D。4．A5．C6．C【分析】杰瑞不挑食，什么都吃，但是在里奧的生日上，杰瑞吃了一塊蛋糕卻覺(jué)得惡心跑開(kāi)了，他不喜歡這個(gè)蛋糕。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theydanceandhavefun.”可知，他們跳舞，玩得很開(kāi)心。故選A。5．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Heisnotpicky,andheeatseverything.”可知，他什么都吃，所以不挑食。故選C。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Yes,Leo.Ilovefood.Butthatcakeisnotfoodforme!”可知，杰瑞喜歡食物，但是蛋糕不是他的食物，所以他不喜歡這個(gè)蛋糕。故選C。7．C8．C9．C10．A11．D【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了五種保持健康和快樂(lè)的方法。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Exercisetwiceorthreetimesaweek”可知，如果想要健康和快樂(lè)，我們應(yīng)該每周鍛煉兩到三次，故選C。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Eatabalanceddiet”；第三段中的“Exercisetwiceorthreetimesaweek”；第四段中的“Getenoughsleep”；第五段中的“Keepyourselfbusy”；第六段中的“Gooutandmakefriends”可知，作者給我們介紹了五種保持健康和快樂(lè)的方法，故選C。9．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“Keepyourselfbusy.Thisisgood”可知，it指代的是“Keepyourselfbusy”“讓自己忙起來(lái)”，故選C。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Eatalotoffruitandvegetables,somegrains(谷物)andalittlemeat”可知，我們應(yīng)該多吃水果和蔬菜，一些谷物和一點(diǎn)肉，所以A項(xiàng)我們應(yīng)該多吃肉來(lái)保持健康說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的，故選A。11．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了五種保持健康和快樂(lè)的方法，故選D。12．A13．B14．B【分析】本文主要介紹了一些能幫助人們保持健康的食物。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Startingadaywithasmallglassoforangejuiceinthemorningisgoodforourhealth”可知，應(yīng)該在早餐時(shí)間喝一杯橙汁，故選A。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Yogurt(酸奶).Itismadefrommilk.Itisgoodforusandcanmakeourbodystrong”可知，酸奶可以幫助我們有一個(gè)強(qiáng)壯的身體，故選B。14．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一些能幫助人們保持健康的食物，這屬于食物健康范疇，故選B。15．A16．B17．B18．B【分析】文章介紹了學(xué)生要學(xué)會(huì)從不同的方面進(jìn)行自我調(diào)節(jié)，學(xué)習(xí)確實(shí)非常重要，但決不能以犧牲學(xué)生的身心健康為代價(jià)。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Adifferentdiet（飲食）withvegetablesandfreshfruitsisgoodforthebrain.”可知，水果和蔬菜對(duì)大腦有好處，故選A。16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thehoursofsleepbeforemidnightarethoughttobethemosthelpful.”可知，午夜前的睡眠時(shí)間被認(rèn)為是最有幫助的。也就是12點(diǎn)之前睡覺(jué)是最好的，而7點(diǎn)又太早了，故選B。17．推理判斷題。根據(jù)整個(gè)文章的理解可知，主要是介紹學(xué)生要從幾個(gè)的方面教學(xué)生進(jìn)行自我調(diào)節(jié)，減輕壓力，應(yīng)該是來(lái)自一個(gè)健康網(wǎng)頁(yè)的提示，故選B。18．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)整個(gè)文章的理解可知，文章主要介紹了學(xué)生應(yīng)該如何調(diào)節(jié)自己，來(lái)獲得健康的身心，故選B。19．B20．D21．C【分析】本文是圍繞環(huán)保食品的四個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了解答，分別是：吃什么會(huì)影響氣候變化；哪些食物影響最大；能做出簡(jiǎn)單的食物選擇嗎；真的能改變我們的星球嗎。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“plant—basedfoodslikebeans,rice,cornandwheathavethesmallestinfluence”可知，豆類(lèi)、大米、玉米和小麥等植物性食品的影響最小，故選B。20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“heavydietcanreducetheirfood—relatedfootprintbyonethirdormorebymovingtoavegandiet—nomeat,dairy（乳制品）,o