2024屆上海市嘉定區(qū)高三二?？荚囉⒄Z試題（含聽力）（解析版）

學(xué)年高三年級(jí)第二次質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語試卷(滿分140分考試時(shí)間120分鐘)I.ListeningComprehension(25分)SectionA(10分)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Pepper. B.Salt. C.Water. D.Flavour.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Canyoupleasepassthesalt?Thisnoodleneedssomemoreflavor.W:Hereyougo!Letmeknowifyouneedanypepper,too.Q:Whatdoesthemanwantfromthewoman?2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Thecouplehasoverslept. B.Theflightwasoverbooked.C.Therewassevereweather. D.Amechanicalissueoccurred.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tbelieveourflightgotcanceledduetothestorm!W:Iknow,whatterribleluck!Shouldwetrybookingahotelforthenight?Q:Whycan’tthespeakersflyasoriginallyplanned?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.$155. B.$135. C.$165. D.$145.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,I’dliketoreserveacampsiteatSunsetLakeCampground.Doyouhaveavailability?W:Wesuredo!Forastandardcampsite,it’s$45pernightonweekdaysand$55pernightonweekends.Byweekend,wemeanFriday,SaturdayandSunday.Q:HowmuchshallthemanpayifhedecidestoreservethesitefromThursdaynighttoSaturdaynight?4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Hewasoutofmoney. B.Hemisplacedhiswallet.C.Hepaidbillslate. D.Hefeltstressedatwork.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whereismywallet?IthoughtIputithere.I’mgoingtobelatepayingmybills.W:Ohno,thatisstressful!Retraceyoursteps—Iamsureitwillturnupsomewhereobvious.Q:Whatproblemdidthemanhave?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Makingdetailedweekendplan. B.Whethertohavedinnertogether.C.Reasonsforbeinginarush. D.Timingofdinneraroundafilm.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:Doyouwanttograbdinnerbeforeorafterthemovietonight?W:Ithinkafterwouldbebettersowe’renotrushed.Q:Whatarethetwospeakersdiscussing?6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Hefailedthetest. B.Hemissedthetest.C.Hegotadecentgrade. D.Heearnedthecredit.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ugh.Ibombedthatphysicstest!W:Ohno!Maybeyoucantalktotheprofessorandseeifthere’sanywaytodoextracredit.Q:Howdidtheman’stestgo?7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Typinghispresentation. B.Overcominganxiety.C.Attendingjobinterviews. D.Critiquinghisspeech.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Canyouhelpmepracticemypresentation?Myhandswon’tstopshakingwhenIhavetospeakinpublic.W:Sure,repetitionswillhelpcalmyournerves.I’mhappytolistenandgivefeedback.Q:Whatdoesthemanwanthelpwith?8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.ThemancooksIndianfoodfrequently.B.Themandislikestherecommendedfood.C.Thewomanseemstoenjoycomplexflavour.D.ThewomantriedIndianmealstwoweeksago.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HaveyouevertriedIndiancuisine?Ithinkyouwouldreallyenjoythecomplexflavors.M:Actually,IjusthadmyfirstIndianmealacoupleweeksagoandlovedit!Anydishrecommendations?Q:Whatcanbelearnedfromtheconversation?9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Getanewcomputer. B.Closebrowserwindows.C.Addmorefreezingice. D.Purchasememorysticks.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:MycomputeralwaysfreezeswhenIopentoomanywebpages.WhatshouldIdo?W:Definitely,upgradingthememoryshouldhelpwiththeperformanceissues.Q:Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Guestspreferbeertowine. B.Shecouldn’tdecideonthedrinks.C.Havingvarieddrinkoptionsissafer. D.Biggroupsrequirelargequantitiesofdrinks.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Didyoudecideonredorwhitewineforthepartytonight?W:Igotboth!Neverhurtstohaveoptionswithabiggroupcomingover.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?SectionB(15)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.A.Itshowedupinaknowledgefair. B.Itwasdesignedbyagroupofstudents.C.Itwasmadeofrecycledmaterials. D.Itcouldworkwithoutthepowersource.12.A.Speakandintroduceitself. B.Movearoundinalargearea.C.Detectandavoidobstacles. D.Respondtovoicecommands.13.A.Heisthehostoftheknowledgefair. B.Heearnsalotofmoneyastheprize.C.HeuseselectronicskittobuildLarry. D.Heunderstandstheworkingsofrobots.【答案】11.C12.A13.D【解析】【原文】DanielGrapainfromMexicohasrecentlymadearobotusingrecycledmaterials.Afterlearningthathisschoolwasplanningtohostaknowledgefair,the15-year-oldwastednotimegettingreadyforit.Herecycledmaterials,usingthemtomakearobotnamedLarry.Innotime,hemadethechestoftherobotusingaplasticbowlandtheheadoutofadishcontainer.Filledwithconfidence,thestudentsuccessfullybuiltLarrybyputtingtogetherdifferentcircuits.Awirejoinedthedifferentbodypartstogether,includingasmallplatformthatallowedLarrytomove.Grapaindidn’tbuyanythingnewtobuildLarry,noteventhepowersourcethatbroughttherobottolife.“Everythingisrecycled,”Grapainsaid.Inavideo,GrapainusedaremotecontroltomakeLarrymoveitsarmsandhead.“Hello,I’mLarry.”therobotsaid,introducingitself.ItwentontoexplainhowGrapainmadehim.AfterLarry’simpressivepresentation,Grapaingotcongratulationsforbeingcreative.Asaprize,hegotanelectronicskit.Grapainsaidthathewouldusethekittocontinuemakingcoolthings.(Nowlistenagain,please.)Questions:11.WhatmakestherobotLarrystandout?12.WhatcantherobotLarrydo?13.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutDanielGrapain?聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.A.Theytrytodiscoverthefullpictureoflifeintheuniverse.B.Theystarttoemergeduetoenvironmentalproblems.C.Theyfocusonlyonrareorendangeredspecies.D.Theyareinterestedinthegraysidewalk.15.A.Asanacademicsubjectthatfewareinterestedin.B.Asanenjoyablelifestylechoiceforyoungpeople.C.Asaprofitablecareerpursuedbyuniversitystudents.D.Asagrowingenvironmentalmovementacrosssociety.16.A.Visitmorenaturalhistorymuseums.B.Makechangestowardsagreenerlifestyle.C.Pursueacareerasaprofessional.D.Contributetounderstandingthelifepuzzle.【答案】14.A15.B16.D【解析】【原文】Stepoutyourdoorandwhatdoyousee?Doyouseethegraysidewalk,ordoyouseealittleflowerlookingoutfromthecracks?Thereisascienceforthiskindofobservationalskill.It’scallednaturalhistory,andit’spracticedbypeoplecalled“naturalists”.Overtime,moreandmorenaturalistsgotbusystudying,collectingandorganizingtheworld’sanimals,plantsandminerals.Bylookingandthinkingaboutwhattheysaw,theytriedtoputtogetherthe“puzzle”oflifeonEarthandeventhewholeuniverse.Today,naturalhistorymuseumsaroundtheworldgivepeopleaplacetothinkaboutnaturalhistory.Butthisisonlyastartingpoint.TodayinChina,interestinnaturalhistoryisveryhigh.Fromnaturalhistorybooksandappstoenvironmentalgroupsandactivities,peopleareshowinggrowinginterest.ThiscomesatatimewhenChinaistryingtocreateagreenerworld.Naturalhistoryisnowseenasakindoflifestyle,especiallybyChineseyoungpeople.Theyliketothinkaboutittogetherwithotherthings,suchasart,literature,foodandtourism.Inthefollowingprogram,youwilldiscoverthis“naturalistlifestyle”andshowyouhowit’sgoodforthemind,bodyandsoul.Weneednaturalistsnowmorethanever.ThepuzzleoflifeonEarthisstillnotcomplete,andtheboardischangingquicklyduetothingslikeclimatechange.Solistenanddiscoveryourpart!(Nowlistenagain,please.)Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutnaturalists?2.Howisnaturalhistoryviewedintoday’sChina?3.Whatdoesthespeakerencouragelistenerstodo?聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.A.Theman’sfailureinfinalexams. B.Theman’scareerprospects.C.Thewoman’snewemployment. D.Thewoman’spersonalstory.18.A.Hehadtoofewinterviewsbecauseofheavycoursework.B.Herejectedthecompanybecausehedislikedtheboss.C.Hehadwaitedforamonthbeforereceivingtheoffer.D.Hewasrejectedbythecompanyandfeltdepressed.19.A.Themanshouldreadthejobadscarefully.B.Themanshouldaskhisseniorfriendsforhelp.C.Themanshouldtrytoselltheproductshimself.D.Themanshouldexploretheemployer’sbusinessfully.20.A.Memorizingfinancialknowledge. B.Solvingabusinesschallenge.C.Presentinghispersonalqualities. D.Arrivingearlyattheinterview.【答案】17.B18.A19.D20.C【解析】【原文】W:John!Heardyoujustgraduated.What’snew?M:Yeah,finishedlastweek.I’mnowhopingtolandafinancejob.Startedapplyingplacesthisweek.W:Didn’tcampushiringgetstartedlastmonth?Thoughtyou’dhavesomething.M:Itried,butIcouldonlygetoneinterviewwithacompanybecauseoftheheavycourseschedule.Ihaven’theardfromthem,though.W:Don’tloseheart.Withyourgrades,Ibetopportunitiescomeupsoon.Didyouprepareyourresumeandall?M:Yup,Ihavesentittoadozenfirmsalready.W:Goodmoves.Butbeforeinterviews,researchthoseemployersinsideandouttoo!Whatkindofbusinessisitin?Whattypesofproductsdoesitsell?Howisitdoinglately?M:Forsure,Iwanttobefullyreadywhentheycallmein.Butwhattypesofquestionswilltheyhitmewithanyway?Ifitisaboutsomefinancestuff,Icouldmanage…W:Theymayalsopresentabusinesssituationandseehowyouwouldtackleit.Plus,expectpersonalquestions—howyoudescribeyourstrengthsandweaknesses,workstyle,etc.M:Hmm,self-analysis.HowwouldIdescribemyself?Reallyneedtoworkonsellingmyqualities…I’llbepracticingthat.IknowonethingIwilldoisshowupearly!Firstimpressionsandall.W:That’sthekey!Butseemslikeyou’repreparingwell.Iknowtherightfitwillcomeupinnotime!(Nowlistenagain,please.)Questions:17.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?18.Howdidthecampushiringgofortheman?19.Whatadvicedoesthewomangiveabouttheresearch?20.Whatdidthemanthinkheneedstopracticemost?II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheDayISurvivedIthadbeenrainingbucketsthatweek,andauthoritieshadissuedafloodwarning,thoughnotforwhereIwas.Still,Ihadplacedsandbagsontheflooroutsidemygardendoorjustincase.AsIwasdriftingofftosleep,Isuddenlyheardthesoundofrushingwater,_____21_____Iwerelyingbesideawaterfallinsteadofinmybedroom.WhenI_____22_____(swing)mylegsoffthebed,Iwasshockedbythesensationofcoldwaterlappingagainstmykneesandrisingfast._____23_____(feel)mywayinthedarkness,Igrabbedmyphoneandturnedontheflashlight.AsIsteppedoutofmybedroom,waterwasshootingthroughthegapsofthegardendoor.Thewater_____24_____havegoneoverthesandbags,Ithought.Allaroundme,mythingsbegantofloat:chairs,bookshelves,andpiecesofmydrumset.Iheardthegardendoorstartingtobreakdown_____25_____thepressureoftheflood,andthewaterwasnowuptomywaist.Ibegantopanic.Inbarefeetandwithmyshorts_____26_____(glue)tomybody,Istartedtowalktomyonlyescape:thedoorthatleadsupstairs.Istruggledtothedoorandtriedtopullitopen,buttheforceofthewaterwouldn’tletmedoso.Ilookedaroundandgrabbedabroom_____27_____wasfloatingbehindme.Usingittopry(撬)openthedoor,Imanagedtomakeagapofaboutafoot,justwideenough_____28_____(force)myselfthrough.Finally,Imadeitoutside.IfIhadwokenupjustafewminuteslater,Iwouldhavedrowned.Theentireneighborhoodwasdestroyedbytheflood.Later,we_____29_____(assure)thatsomethinglikethishappensonlyonceevery100years.Ihopeso.Itpainsmetosee______30______wasoncealovely,cozystreetnowturnsintoawaterscape.【答案】21.asif22.swung23.Feeling24.must25.under26.glued27.that##which28.toforce29.havebeenassured##areassured30.what【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者經(jīng)歷洪水成功逃生的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：我正迷迷糊糊地睡著，突然聽到嘩嘩的水聲，仿佛我不是躺在臥室里，而是躺在瀑布旁邊。引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“好像”應(yīng)用asif，從句用虛擬語氣。故填asif?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)我把腿從床上甩下來時(shí)，我被冷水拍打著我的膝蓋并迅速上升的感覺所震驚。根據(jù)后文was可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填swung?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在黑暗中摸索著前進(jìn)，我抓起手機(jī)，打開手電筒。此處feel與邏輯主語I構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Feeling?！?4題詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我想，水一定淹過了沙袋。此處表示對(duì)過去的肯定猜測，用musthavedone。故填must。【25題詳解】考查介詞。句意：我聽到花園的門在洪水的壓力下開始破裂，現(xiàn)在水已經(jīng)到我的腰了。我開始恐慌起來。結(jié)合句意“在……的壓力下”可知短語為underthepressureof。故填under。【26題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：光著腳，短褲粘在身上，我開始走向唯一的逃生之路：通往樓上的門。此處shorts與glue為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故填glued?！?7題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我環(huán)顧四周，抓住了漂浮在我身后的一把掃帚。定語從句修飾先行詞broom，在從句作主語，指物。故填that/which?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我用它撬開了門，設(shè)法開了一個(gè)大約一英尺的缺口，剛好能勉強(qiáng)自己通過。此處為短語enoughtodosth.表示“足以做某事”。故填toforce?！?9題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：后來，我們確信這樣的事情每100年才會(huì)發(fā)生一次。此處主語we與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，助動(dòng)詞用have，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填havebeenassured/areassured。【30題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：看到曾經(jīng)可愛舒適的街道現(xiàn)在變成了汪洋一片，我感到很痛苦。引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句缺少主語，指物，故用what。故填what。SectionB(10)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.conserveB.wrinklyC.stationaryD.exceptionalE.odditiesF.nursingG.timelyH.soundingI.generalizeJ.compriseK.rulesTheCuriousWorldofBatsNotallbatsareunbelievablyadorable,liketheonebelow.Manyofthemhave____31____facesandlargeearsthathelpthem“see”inthedark,usingecholocation(回聲定位).Butallbatsare,withoutadoubt,____32____creatures.Scientistsaretypicallyreluctantto____33____aboutbatsbecausetheymakeupsuchalargeanddiversegroupofwingedanimals.Withnearly1,500species,bats____34____aboutone-fifthofallmammal(哺乳動(dòng)物)speciesonEarth.Butonethingthatcanbesaidaboutthemasagroupisthattheyare,innot-so-scientificterms,veryodd.“Theybreakallthe____35____,”saidCoriLausen,abatexpertattheenvironmentalgroupWildlifeConservationSocietyCanada.Beingabletoflyisjustoneoftheir____36____,sincemammalsrarelyfly.Apartfromthat,batscanalsopushtheirheartratetoextremehighsandlows-asslowasonebeatperminute.Manybatspeciescangointoaperiodofdeepsleep,knownas“torpor”,forafewhoursadayorevenforweeksto____37____energywhenit’scoldorfoodisunavailable.Andwhilemostsmallmammalshaveshortlivesandlotsofbabies,somebatscanlivefortwodecadesormoreandtypicallyhavejustonebabyperyear.Forhowmuchenergytheyneed,it’salsosurprisingthatmanybatspecies,includingmostofthoseintheUS,relyoninsectsaloneforfood.Theyhavetoeatridiculousquantitiesofthem.Amomthatis____38____ababycancatchmorethan4,000insectsinonenight.Oddlyalthoughbatscanfly,theycan’teasilytakeofffroma(n)____39____position,likemostbirdsandinsectsdo.That’sonereasonwhytheyhangupsidedown-batshavetogainthemomentumtheyneedbyfalling.“Forthem,it’snotupsidedown,”Fricksaid.“It’sflight-sideready!”Whilebatsremainhighlyunderstudiedrelativetobirdsandothermammals,scientistsare____40____thealarm.InNorthAmerica,morethanhalfofallbatspeciesareatriskofseverepopulationdecline.Climatechange,theysay,threatenstoonlyspeeduptheirextinction.【答案】31.B32.D33.I34.J35.K36.E37.A38.F39.C40.H【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是地球上的一種特殊的哺乳類動(dòng)物——蝙蝠?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他們中的許多人有皺紋的臉和大耳朵，幫助它們利用回聲定位在黑暗中“看”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞作定語修飾名詞，根據(jù)常識(shí)和句意可知，蝙蝠有著“有皺紋的”臉，所以此處使用wrinkly。故選B項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：但毫無疑問，所有蝙蝠都是特殊的生物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞作定語修飾名詞creatures，根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“特殊的”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：科學(xué)家們通常不愿意對(duì)蝙蝠進(jìn)行概括，因?yàn)樗鼈儤?gòu)成了一個(gè)龐大而多樣的有翼動(dòng)物群體。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空位于不定式符號(hào)to之后，所以此處使用動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)句意以及下文中的“becausetheymakeupsuchalargeanddiversegroupofwingedanimals.”可知，此處表示科學(xué)家不愿意對(duì)蝙蝠進(jìn)行“概括”符合語境。故選I項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：蝙蝠有近1500種，約占地球上所有哺乳動(dòng)物種類的五分之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“組成”應(yīng)為comprise符合句意，且講述的是客觀事實(shí)，所以此處使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語bats為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以此處使用動(dòng)詞原形comprise。故選J項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：“它們打破了所有的規(guī)則，”環(huán)保組織加拿大野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)的蝙蝠專家科里·勞森說。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前有all修飾，所以此處應(yīng)為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作break的賓語，根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“規(guī)則”符合語境，所以此處使用rules。故選K項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：會(huì)飛只是它們的一個(gè)奇特之處，因?yàn)椴溉閯?dòng)物很少會(huì)飛。根據(jù)“oneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，意為“……之一”可知，此處應(yīng)為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)合句意以及下文中的“sincemammalsrarelyfly”可知，此處表示“古怪的事”應(yīng)為oddities符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：許多種類的蝙蝠可以進(jìn)入一段時(shí)間的深度睡眠，被稱為“麻木”，每天幾個(gè)小時(shí)甚至幾個(gè)星期來保存能量。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to，所以此處使用動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“保存”應(yīng)為conserve符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：一個(gè)哺乳嬰兒的母親一晚上可以捕捉4000多只昆蟲。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空與is構(gòu)成句子的謂語，根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“哺育”應(yīng)為nurse符合語境，主語動(dòng)詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式與is構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。故選F項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：奇怪的是，雖然蝙蝠會(huì)飛，但它們不能像大多數(shù)鳥類和昆蟲那樣輕易地從靜止的位置起飛。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞作定語修飾名詞position，根據(jù)句意以及下文中的“That’sonereasonwhytheyhangupsidedown-batshavetogainthemomentumtheyneedbyfalling.”可知，它們倒掛的原因是為起飛獲得動(dòng)力，所以此處表示“靜止的”應(yīng)為stationary符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：雖然與鳥類和其他哺乳動(dòng)物相比，對(duì)蝙蝠研究還很不充分，但科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)敲響了警鐘。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空與are構(gòu)成句子的謂語，根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“拉響警報(bào)”為sound符合語境，sound與句子主語scientists之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在分詞形式sounding與are構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選H項(xiàng)。III.ReadingComprehension(45)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Picturethis:you’reouttodinnerwithafriendwhoyouknowmakesalotmoremoneythanyoudo.Whenyouopenthe____41____,yourheartsinks.There’snotadishinsightthatislessthan$35,andevenasoupisgoingtorunyou$18.Youprobablyvow(發(fā)誓)to____42____dollarpizzaslicestherestofthemonthtobalanceoutthisdinner.____43____,thistime,whatifyoujustturnedtoyourfriend,closedthemenu,andsaid,“Sorry,Ihavetobehonest.Ican’taffordthis.Let’sgosomewhereelse?”That’stheideabehind“l(fā)oudbudgeting”,atrendthatcouldnotonlyrelieveyouofthe____44____burden,buthelpyoudealwiththesesortsofstressfulsituationsbothmentallyandemotionally.Inanagewheneverybodyisshowingoffnicethingsonsocialmediaand____45____tobesomethingthey’renot,itfeelssomewhatrevolutionarytojusttellthetruthaboutwhatyoucan’tafford.ThetermwasfirstintroducedbyTikTok(抖音)comedianLukasBattle.Battleexplainedhisconceptinaninterview:simplyput,loudbudgetingisbeing____46____aboutwhatyoudoanddon’twanttospendmoneyon.Sincehisvideo,theconcepthascaughtonrapidlyamongthe____47____,whoarepointingoutthatithascomeatasignificanttimewheneverythingisuncontrollablyexpensive.It’snotjustaTikTokthingthough.Eventhoseinthefinancialservicesindustryareonboardwiththe____48____.NikolinaCuca,afinancialadvisor,saysthatshe’sseensocialmediaaddpressuretoherclients,causingthemtospend____49____onluxuryitems.“Thereshouldbenoshameabouttryingtomatchyourspendingtoyourmeans.Thistrendhelpsyoungpeoplemoderatespendingby_____50_____theideaoflivingwithinbudgets.”Beyondjustsavingmoney,loudbudgetingisalsobringingpeoplecloser.Honestmoneytalksleadtogreaterrespectamongfriendsandfamily.By_____51_____discussingmoneygoals,peoplearecreatingstrongerbondsbasedonmutualunderstandingforeachother’sfinancialsituations.Andperhapsthemostvaluablepartoftheloudbudgetingtrendisthatitprovidesasenseof_____52_____.Forexample,ifyoutellafriendyouaretryingtocutbackspendingondrinksout,youaremuch_____53_____tostickwiththegoalthanifyoujustkeepittoyourself.Withitsfocusonbeingopen,spendingwisely,andbuilding_____54_____,loudbudgetingismorethanjustapassingtrend,butacoolwayfortheyoungergenerationto_____55_____theirfinances.Asmorepeopleadoptthisapproach,itislikelytostayabigpartofhowwehandlemoneyinthefuture.41.A.door B.menu C.bill D.wallet42.A.appealto B.leadto C.stickto D.objectto43.A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile C.Therefore D.However44.A.financial B.cultural C.physical D.economical45.A.refusing B.pretending C.agreeing D.guaranteeing46.A.worried B.angry C.honest D.excited47.A.male B.female C.young D.old48.A.tradition B.truth C.treasure D.trend49.A.belowtheirstandards B.beyondtheirmeans C.towardstheirgoals D.despitetheirdifferences50.A.normalizing B.criticizing C.memorizing D.visualizing51.A.endlessly B.intelligently C.openly D.formally52.A.belonging B.accountability C.flexibility D.rigidity53.A.lessmotivated B.lessequipped C.morehesitant D.morelikely54.A.connections B.business C.habitats D.reputation55.A.losefaithin B.takechargeof C.doawaywith D.makeupfor【答案】41.B42.C43.D44.A45.B46.C47.C48.D49.B50.A51.C52.B53.D54.A55.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了“大聲預(yù)算”消費(fèi)理念，這種理念不僅可以減輕你的財(cái)務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)，還可以幫助你在情感和精神上應(yīng)對(duì)財(cái)務(wù)壓力?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你打開菜單時(shí)，你的心沉了下去。A.door門；B.menu菜單；C.bill賬單；D.wallet錢包。根據(jù)下文“There’snotadishinsightthatislessthan$35,andevenasoupisgoingtorunyou$18.”可知，此處指打開菜單。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：你可能會(huì)發(fā)誓要在這個(gè)月剩下的時(shí)間里堅(jiān)持吃美元披薩片來平衡這頓晚餐的花費(fèi)。A.appealto呼吁，吸引；B.leadto導(dǎo)致；C.stickto堅(jiān)持；D.objectto反對(duì)。根據(jù)上文“Whenyouopenthe____1____,yourheartsinks.There’snotadishinsightthatislessthan$35,andevenasoupisgoingtorunyou$18.”可知，這頓餐很貴，超過自己的承受能力，如果自己付賬就需要在這個(gè)月的剩下時(shí)間里堅(jiān)持一直吃便宜的披薩片來抵消這頓晚餐的高消費(fèi)，平衡賬單。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這一次，如果你只是轉(zhuǎn)向你的朋友，合上菜單，說：“對(duì)不起，我必須說實(shí)話。我買不起這個(gè)。我們?nèi)e的地方吧?”A.Otherwise否則；B.Meanwhile與此同時(shí)，在此期間；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。上文“Youprobablyvow(發(fā)誓)to____2____dollarpizzaslicestherestofthemonthtobalanceoutthisdinner.”與下文“whatifyoujustturnedtoyourfriend,closedthemenu,andsaid,“Sorry,Ihavetobehonest.Ican’taffordthis.Let’sgosomewhereelse?”之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，however“然而”符合語境。故選D。【44題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是“大聲預(yù)算”背后的理念，這種趨勢不僅可以減輕你的財(cái)務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)，還可以幫助你在精神上和情感上應(yīng)對(duì)這些壓力情況。A.financial財(cái)政的，財(cái)務(wù)的；B.cultural文化的；C.physical身體的；D.economical經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠的。根據(jù)上文“Ican’taffordthis.Let’sgosomewhereelse?”可知，這種依據(jù)自己的財(cái)力合理消費(fèi)，拒絕超過能力的消費(fèi)能夠減輕自己的財(cái)務(wù)壓力。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個(gè)時(shí)代，每個(gè)人都在社交媒體上炫耀美好的事物，假裝出他們事實(shí)上不是的樣子，說出你買不起的東西的真相感覺有點(diǎn)革命性。A.refusing拒絕；B.pretending假裝；C.agreeing同意；D.guaranteeing保證。根據(jù)上文“everybodyisshowingoffnicethingsonsocialmediaand”以及下文“tobesomethingthey’renot”可知，在這個(gè)時(shí)代，每一個(gè)人都在社交媒體上炫耀自己，營造一個(gè)虛假的自己。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Battle在一次采訪中解釋了他的概念：簡單地說，“大聲預(yù)算”就是誠實(shí)地說出你想花錢和不想花錢的地方。A.worried擔(dān)心的；B.angry生氣的，憤怒的；C.honest誠實(shí)的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)上文“itfeelssomewhatrevolutionarytojusttellthetruthaboutwhatyoucan’tafford”可知，“大聲預(yù)算”就是誠實(shí)地說出自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況與消費(fèi)計(jì)劃。故選C。【47題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：自從他的視頻發(fā)布以來，這個(gè)概念在年輕人中迅速流行起來，他們指出，這是在一個(gè)一切都不可控地變得昂貴的重要時(shí)刻出現(xiàn)的。A.male男性的；B.female女性的；C.young年輕的；D.old年老的。根據(jù)下文“butacoolwayfortheyoungergenerationto____15____theirfinances”可知，“大聲預(yù)算”是年輕一代掌控自己財(cái)務(wù)狀況的一種很酷的方式，這種理念很快在年輕人中流行起來。故選C。【48題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使是金融服務(wù)行業(yè)的人也加入了這一趨勢。A.tradition傳統(tǒng)；B.truth事實(shí)，真相；C.treasure財(cái)富；D.trend趨勢，風(fēng)氣。根據(jù)上文“That’stheideabehind“l(fā)oudbudgeting”,atrendthatcouldnotonlyrelieveyouofthe____4____burden”可知，此處指金融服務(wù)行業(yè)的人也加入了“大聲預(yù)算”這一新的趨勢。故選D。【49題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：財(cái)務(wù)顧問NikolinaCuca說，她發(fā)現(xiàn)社交媒體給她的客戶增加了壓力，導(dǎo)致他們?cè)谏莩奁飞铣?。A.belowtheirstandards低于他們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)/水平；B.beyondtheirmeans超出他們的能力范圍；C.towardstheirgoals朝著他們的目標(biāo)；D.despitetheirdifferences盡管他們有所不同/差異。根據(jù)上文“Inanagewheneverybodyisshowingoffnicethingsonsocialmediaand____5____tobesomethingthey’renot”以及空前“she’sseensocialmediaaddpressuretoherclients”可知，社交媒體上的炫耀行為給人們?cè)斐蓧毫?，?dǎo)致一些人超出自己能力去購買奢侈品；beyondtheirmeans表示“某人的消費(fèi)或行為超出了他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)承受能力或能力范圍”符合語境。故選B。【50題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這一趨勢通過使預(yù)算內(nèi)生活的理念正?；瘉韼椭贻p人適度消費(fèi)。A.normalizing正?；?；B.criticizing批評(píng)；C.memorizing記憶，熟記；D.visualizing使形象化，想象。根據(jù)上文“Thereshouldbenoshameabouttryingtomatchyourspendingtoyourmeans.”可知，“大聲預(yù)算”有助于讓預(yù)算內(nèi)生活的理念正?；?，使人們不會(huì)對(duì)量入為出感到羞恥。故選A。【51題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：通過公開討論金錢目標(biāo)，人們?cè)谙嗷チ私獗舜素?cái)務(wù)狀況的基礎(chǔ)上建立了更牢固的聯(lián)系。A.endlessly不斷地，無窮盡地；B.intelligently聰明地，明智地；C.openly公開地，坦率地；D.formally

正式地。根據(jù)上文“Honestmoneytalksleadtogreaterrespectamongfriendsandfamily.”以及下文“Withitsfocusonbeingopen,spendingwisely,andbuilding____14____,loudbudgetingismorethanjustapassingtrend”可知，此處闡述公開坦率地討論金錢目標(biāo)的益處。故選C。【52題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：也許“大聲的預(yù)算”這一趨勢最有價(jià)值的部分是它提供了一種責(zé)任感。A.belonging財(cái)產(chǎn)，所有物，歸屬；B.accountability問責(zé)，責(zé)任；C.flexibility靈活性；D.rigidity刻板，僵化。根據(jù)上文“peoplearecreatingstrongerbondsbasedonmutualunderstandingforeachother’sfinancialsituations”以及下文“ifyoutellafriendyouaretryingtocutbackspendingondrinksout,youaremuch____13____tostickwiththegoalthanifyoujustkeepittoyourself.”可知，“大聲預(yù)算”能夠使人們?cè)谙嗷チ私獗舜素?cái)務(wù)狀況的基礎(chǔ)上建立更牢固的聯(lián)系，能夠讓自己更可能堅(jiān)持自己的目標(biāo)，由此可知，“大聲預(yù)算”提供一種責(zé)任感。故選B。【53題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)詞義辨析。句意：例如，比起守口如瓶，如果你告訴一個(gè)朋友你正在努力減少外出喝酒的開支，你就更有可能堅(jiān)持這個(gè)目標(biāo)。A.lessmotivated欠缺動(dòng)力的；B.lessequipped欠缺裝備的；C.morehesitant更猶豫的；D.morelikely更有可能的。根據(jù)上文“By____11____discussingmoneygoals,peoplearecreatingstrongerbondsbasedonmutualunderstandingforeachother’sfinancialsituations.”可知，坦率地討論了金錢目標(biāo)，使彼此對(duì)財(cái)務(wù)狀況更加了解，會(huì)一起完成量入為出的“大聲預(yù)算”目標(biāo)，更可能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，節(jié)約消費(fèi)。故選D。54題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“大聲預(yù)算”的重點(diǎn)是公開、明智地花錢和建立聯(lián)系，它不僅僅是一種轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的趨勢，而是年輕一代管理自己財(cái)務(wù)的一種很酷的方式。A.connections聯(lián)系；B.business生意；C.habitats棲息地；D.reputation名聲。根據(jù)上文“By____11____discussingmoneygoals,peoplearecreatingstrongerbondsbasedonmutualunderstandingforeachother’sfinancialsituations.”可知，“大聲預(yù)算”使人們之間的聯(lián)系更緊密。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“大聲預(yù)算”的重點(diǎn)是公開、明智地花錢和建立聯(lián)系，它不僅僅是一種轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的趨勢，而是年輕一代管理自己財(cái)務(wù)的一種很酷的方式。A.losefaithin對(duì)……失去信心；B.takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)，掌管；C.doawaywith殺死，廢除；D.makeupfor彌補(bǔ)。根據(jù)下文“itislikelytostayabigpartofhowwehandlemoneyinthefuture”可知，“大聲預(yù)算”是年輕人處理和掌管自己財(cái)務(wù)的一個(gè)很好的方式。故選B。SectionB(22)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Whatmakesacertainpieceofwritinggreat?Well,itdependsonwhomyouask.Thereare,inmymind,threedifferentreaders:casua