（人教版）新七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)【暑假自學(xué)課】第03講 代詞（練習(xí)版）

第03講代詞【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】考點(diǎn)分布考點(diǎn)內(nèi)容命題焦點(diǎn)人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞不定代詞疑問(wèn)代詞人稱代詞的基本用法物主代詞的基本用法疑問(wèn)代詞的基本用法考查重點(diǎn)：人稱代詞、物主代詞和疑問(wèn)代詞的基本用法。?？碱}型：選擇題、填空題、完形填空【基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)】考點(diǎn)01人稱代詞人稱代詞是為了避免重復(fù)，用來(lái)代替前面提到過(guò)的人、動(dòng)物、事物的名稱的詞。數(shù)數(shù)格人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemsheheritit人稱代詞的用法：人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語(yǔ)。Iamateacher.我是一名教師。（I是主語(yǔ)）Wegotoschoolbybuseveryday.我們每天乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。（We是主語(yǔ)）人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作賓語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。Canyouhelpme?您能幫我一個(gè)忙嗎？（me是賓語(yǔ)）Pleaselistentomecarefully.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真聽(tīng)我講。（me是介詞賓語(yǔ)）It’sme.Openthedoorquickly.是我，快開(kāi)門。（me是表語(yǔ)）it的用法。代替前面已經(jīng)提到的事物。-Whereisyourbike?你的自行車在哪里？-It’sunderthetree.它在樹(shù)下。代替性別不明的嬰兒或者動(dòng)物等。It’salovelybaby.Isitagirlorboy?寶寶真可愛(ài)。是男孩還是女孩？代替不確定的人或事物，比如詢問(wèn)敲門人或者打電話時(shí)可以用it。-Whoisit？誰(shuí)呀？（it指敲門的人）-It’sme.是我。-Hello，mayIspeaktoSam,please?您好，我找一下Sam。-It’sSamspeaking.我就是。（it指的是接電話的人）用來(lái)表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。It’ssunnytoday.今天是晴天。It’shalfpastten.現(xiàn)在是十點(diǎn)半。Howfarisitfromheretothepark?從這里到公園有多遠(yuǎn)？人稱并列時(shí)，單數(shù)是“你、他、我”的順序，復(fù)數(shù)是“我們、你們、他們”的順序。簡(jiǎn)單記憶：?jiǎn)螖?shù)時(shí)時(shí)213，復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)是123。You,MikeandIaregoodfriends.你、Mike和我是好朋友?？键c(diǎn)02物主代詞物主代詞是表示所有關(guān)系的代詞，分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。數(shù)數(shù)類別人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱mymineourours第二人稱youryoursyouryours第三人稱hishistheirtheirsherhersitsits物主代詞的用法：形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用，在句子中作定語(yǔ)，后面跟名詞。Thisismymother.這是我的媽媽。（my用在名詞mother前，作定語(yǔ)）名詞性物主代詞具有名詞性質(zhì)，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。Theseapplesareyours.Oursareinthebasket.Wecaneattheirs.這些蘋果是你們的。我們的在籃子里。我們可以先吃他們的蘋果。（yours=yourapplesours=ourapplestheirs=theirapples，yours在句子中作表語(yǔ)，ours在句子中作主語(yǔ)，theirs在句子中作賓語(yǔ)。）考點(diǎn)03反身代詞人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myselfourselves第二人稱yourselfyourselves第三人稱himselfherselfitselfthemselves不定人稱oneself反身代詞的用法：主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)同為一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，用反身代詞。Davidhurthimselfwhilehewasridingabike.David在騎自行車的時(shí)候傷到了自己。強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣。Imyselfcandoit.我自己能做。在不強(qiáng)調(diào)的情況下，but,except,for等借此后面的賓語(yǔ)用反身代詞或人稱代詞作賓語(yǔ)。Noonebutmyself/mewashurt.只有我受了傷。和by連用，意指onmyown/onyourown.Icleanthekitchenbymyself.我自己打掃廚房。祈使句中的一些固定搭配常用到y(tǒng)ourself/yourselves。Lookafteryourself.照顧好你自己。Helpyourself.請(qǐng)自便。考點(diǎn)04指示代詞指示代詞數(shù)用法this/that單數(shù)后面接單數(shù)形式these/those復(fù)數(shù)后面接復(fù)數(shù)形式指示代詞的用法：this/these指空間上較近的事物；that/those指空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物。Thisismybook.這是我的書(shū)。Thatisyourbook.那是我的書(shū)。Thesearemybooks.這些是我的書(shū)。Thosearehisbooks.那些是他的書(shū)。可以指文中將要講到的事物或者已經(jīng)提到的事物，起承上啟下的作用。Igotuplate.That’swhyImissedtheschoolbus.我起晚了。這就是我為什么沒(méi)有趕上校車。Ididn’tfinishthereportontime.Thismademybossangry.我沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成報(bào)告。這使我的老板很生氣。打電話過(guò)程中，介紹自己時(shí)，通常用this指代“我”，而不用I；詢問(wèn)對(duì)方時(shí)用that指代“你”，而不用you。Hello，thisisMary.Who’sthat?喂，我是Mary。請(qǐng)問(wèn)您是哪位？ThisisMary.IsthatGeorge?我是Mary。你是George嗎？考點(diǎn)05不定代詞1some一些常用在肯定句中，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Thereissomemilkinthefridge.冰箱里還有一些牛奶。any一些常用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。Therearen’tanypeopleonthestreetbecauseoftheCOVID-19.因?yàn)橐咔椋稚蠜](méi)有一個(gè)人。no沒(méi)有用在肯定句中表示否定的意思。Ihavenoclass.我沒(méi)有課了。2many許多修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。IhavemanygoodfriendsinChina.在中國(guó)我有許多好朋友。much許多修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Don’tworry.Thereismuchtimeforus.不用著急，我們還有很多時(shí)間。toomuch和muchtoo.=1\*GB3①toomuch，譯為“太多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，置于名詞前；也可以修飾動(dòng)詞，置于動(dòng)詞后。Samhastoomuchhomeworktodo.Sam有太多家庭作業(yè)要做。Stopeatingtoomuch.停止吃那么多東西。=2\*GB3②muchtoo，譯為“太”，修飾形容詞或副詞。TheboxismuchtooheavyforSteve.對(duì)于Steve來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)箱子太重了。Youaredrivingmuchtoofast.你開(kāi)的太快了。3few幾乎沒(méi)有修飾可數(shù)名詞。Therearefewpeopleinthepark.公園里幾乎沒(méi)有人。afew有幾個(gè)，有些修飾可數(shù)名詞。Iateafewapplesanddrankalittlewater.我吃了一些蘋果，喝了一點(diǎn)水。little幾乎沒(méi)有修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Thereislittlewaterinthebottle.瓶子里幾乎沒(méi)有水了。alittle有幾個(gè)，有些修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Thereisstillalittletimeleft.還有一些時(shí)間。4either兩者中任何一個(gè)Ilikeeitherofthetwohats.這兩頂帽子中的任何一頂我都喜歡。neither兩者都不Ichooseneitherofthetwohats.兩頂帽子我都不要。any三者或三者以上中的任何一個(gè)I’mafraidIdon’tlikeanyoneofthesehats.恐怕這些帽子我一頂都不喜歡。none三者或三者以上都不Theredhat,thebluehatandtheyellowhatarebeautiful.Butnoneofthemaresuitableforme.這個(gè)紅帽子、藍(lán)帽子和黃色的帽子都很漂亮。但是它們都不適合我。5both兩者都Bothofmyparentsaredoctors.我的父母都是醫(yī)生。all三者或者三者以上都Allfivemenaregoodatpainting.這五個(gè)男人都很擅長(zhǎng)繪畫。6another三個(gè)或者三個(gè)以上中任意的另一個(gè)Idon’tlikethisone,pleaseshowmeanother.我不喜歡這一個(gè)，請(qǐng)給我看看另一個(gè)。other其他的Asksomeotherpeople.問(wèn)問(wèn)其他人吧。theother兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,theotherisateacher.他有兩個(gè)女兒。一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是老師。others=other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)Someofuslikessinging,otherslikedancing.我們一些人喜歡唱歌，別的人喜歡跳舞。theothers所有其余的人或事物Twoboyswillgotothezoo,theotherswillstayathome.兩個(gè)男孩將要去公園，剩下的其他人將要待在家里。7every每一個(gè)著重于全體，而不是個(gè)別的每一個(gè)。Everyoneofthemgoestothesamefactory.他們每個(gè)人都去了同一個(gè)工廠。each每一個(gè)著重于每個(gè)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念。Eachofthemgoestoadifferentfactory.他們各自去了不同的工廠。考點(diǎn)06疑問(wèn)代詞who誰(shuí)（主格）Whoishe?他是誰(shuí)？Whom誰(shuí)（賓格）Whomdidyouseeinthestreet?你在大街上看到了誰(shuí)？Whose誰(shuí)的Whosebooksaretheseonthedesk?桌子上的這些書(shū)是誰(shuí)的？which哪一個(gè)Whichisbigger,thegreenoneortheyellowone?哪個(gè)更大一點(diǎn)，綠色的還是黃色的？what什么Whathappened?發(fā)生了什么？when詢問(wèn)時(shí)間WhendoyougotoShanghai?你什么時(shí)候去上海？where詢問(wèn)地點(diǎn)Wherewillyougothissummerholiday?這個(gè)暑假你將去哪？howHowold…?年齡Howmany…?數(shù)量Howmuch…?價(jià)格Howlong…?多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間Howoldareyou?你多大了？HowmanydoctorsandnurseswenttoWuhaninyourprovince?在您的省份，有多少醫(yī)護(hù)人員去了武漢？Howmucharethemangoes?芒果多少錢？HowlongdoesittaketogettoLondonbyair?乘飛機(jī)去倫敦要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？附：人稱單復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves【考點(diǎn)剖析】考點(diǎn)1、人稱代詞1．ThisisJackand________isWangTao’snewfriend.A．we B．he C．she D．it2．Couldyoujusttellhimtocall________back?A．me B．I C．my D．mine考點(diǎn)2、物主代詞1．Thegirlisnewhere.What’s________name?A．she B．she’s C．her D．hers2．—Lucy,isthis________watch?—No,itisn’t.________isonmydesk.A．your;Mine B．yours;Mine C．your;My D．yours;My考點(diǎn)3、反身代詞TheGreensenjoy________verymuchinSydney,Australia.A．they B．them C．their D．themselves考點(diǎn)4、指示代詞________isanEnglishbookand________isaChinesebook.A．This;that B．that;this C．this;it D．it;that考點(diǎn)5、不定代詞1．—Wouldyoulike________juice?—No,thankyou.Ican’tdrink________more.A．some;any B．some;some C．a(chǎn)ny;some D．a(chǎn)ny;any2．________Maryandherbrothergothurtinthetrafficaccident.A．All B．Both C．Each3．Mayisveryhappybecauseshehasmadequite________friendsinhernewschool.A．little B．a(chǎn)little C．few D．a(chǎn)few4．Catherinehastwocousins.Oneisquiet,and________isnoisy.A．a(chǎn)nother B．theother C．other考點(diǎn)6、疑問(wèn)代詞1．—________isthepen?—It’sorange.A．Whatcolor B．Whatday C．Where D．How2．—________don’tyouliketigers?

—Becausetheyareveryscary.A．What B．Why C．How D．When【真題演練】1．Mybrotherlikesbasketball.Ioftenplaywith________afterschool.A．us B．her C．him D．them2．—Where’syoursister,Sam?—________isonthewaytomeetherfriends.A．You B．They C．She D．He3．Mr.LiisourChineseteacher.Wealllike________.A．her B．him C．us4．—Isthisyourbook,Betty?—Yes,it’s______.A．mine B．yours C．his D．hers5．LastSundayIwentforapicnicwithmyclassmatesandweenjoyed________.A．our B．us C．ourselves6．______isabookand______areboxes.A．Those;these B．This;these C．That;that D．These;this7．Idon’tfeellonely.Ihave______friendshere.A．a(chǎn)few

B．few

C．little8．—Tom,isthisthesockyouarelookingfor?—Yes,itis.Butwhereis_____one?A．Other B．theother C．others D．a(chǎn)nother9．—________doyouwant?—Blue.A．Howmuch B．Whatcolor C．What10．—________isyourlittlesister?

—She’sten.A．Howmany B．Howmuch C．Howfar D．Howold11．—________aretheseshoes?—Theyare$30.A．Howmuch B．Howold C．Howmany【過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Lucyismyfriend.________isfromBeijing.A．She B．He C．It D．Who2．MyfriendLanlanisanicegirl.Wealllike________verymuch.A．him B．them C．her D．you3．—Doyouknowthegirloverthere?—Yes.________nameisJenniferSmith.A．Her B．His C．My D．Your4．Thisisnot__________notebook.__________isblue.A．my;My B．mine;Mine C．my;Mine5．Look,theboyisenjoying________intheswimmingpool.A．he B．himself C．him D．his6．Mom,________mygoodfriends,MikeandBob.A．thisis B．itis C．theseare D．heis7．________aremycousins.________ismybrotheroverthere.A．Those,This B．This,That C．These,That D．That,This8．—Arethere________childreninthepark?

—Yes,thereare.A．some B．much C．a(chǎn)ny D．little9．IhaveplentyoftimebutIdon’thave________money.A．some B．much C．many D．a(chǎn)10．Theystillneed________peopletohelpthemfinishthework.A．little B．a(chǎn)little C．few D．a(chǎn)few11．—Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?—__________.Theyareallinthelab.A．Some B．None C．All D．Neither12．---Which

wouldyoulike,milkororangejuice?---isOK.A．Both B．EveryC．All D．Either13．Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.Somearereadingbooks._____arewriting.A．Other B．Theother C．Another D．Others14．Thispairofshoesistooexpensive.Pleaseshowme________pair.A．other B．a(chǎn)nother C．this D．theother15．Ilostmyredwatch,andImustfind________.Canyouhelpme?A．it B．one C．them D．they16．—Isthis