2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit3Theworldofscience四Writing知識基礎(chǔ)練含解析外研版必修第三冊

PAGEUnit3Theworldofscience課時作業(yè)(四)Writing必備學(xué)問基礎(chǔ)練進階訓(xùn)練第一層Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Inanyunsafesituation,simply________(按)thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.2．Theguardswereorderedto________(放射)onsightanyonetryingtoescape.3．Heisperfectly________(有實力的)offinishingtheworkbyhimself.4．Ihaveno________(欲望)todiscussthematterfurtherwithyou.5．Blindchildrentendtobemore________(被動的)inthisareaofmotordevelopmentthansightedchildren.6．ThebeautyoftheWestLakeisentirely________(無法)expression.7．Inarecentstudy，ProfessorBetsySparrowperformedsome________(試驗)．8．Sheissufferingfromphysicaland_________(精神的)illnesses.9．Thiskindofmaterial________(傳導(dǎo))heatwell.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Technologicaladvancesmeanmoreinformationcanbedeliveredonlinerapidlyand____________(flexible)．2．AyearlaterIfoundoutthetrue____________(significant)ofthename.3．Thetestcan____________(accurate)predictwhatabiggerexplosionwoulddo.4．Wereadthe____________(declare)postedontheboard.5．Schoolsaresupposedtoattachmoreimportance____________students'physicaltraining.6．Inthissituation，alivertransplant(肝臟移植)maybetheonlycure____________liverfailure.7．Howmanycars____________(produce)inthefactorysince1990?8．Threenewschools____________(open)inourcityinthepastfiveyears.9．NeitherInorhe____________(be)toblame.10．Shealongwithherfriends,____________(like)shopping.關(guān)鍵實力提升練進階訓(xùn)練其次層Ⅰ.閱讀Someday,umbrellasmaydomorethanjustkeeppeopledry.AresearcherintheNetherlandshasdesignedasimplesensor(傳感器)that“l(fā)istens”torain.Andthatsensorcanturnanumbrellaintoarain-measuringexpert.Toolslikethiscanletanyonegaugetheweather.Thatcanhelpscientistsmakesurethatsatellitesandradar(雷達)systemsthattrackstormsaredoingagoodjob.“Rainradarisabeautifulwayofseeingwhererainfallisupintheair.Butyouneverknowwhereithitstheground，”saysRolfHut.Hedesignedtheumbrellasensor.Researcherswanttoknowhowmuchrainmakesittotheplanet'ssurface.Notallrainthatfallsfromacloudreachestheground.Anditcanbedifficultforradarandsatellitestomeasurethatrain,particularlyincities.Ahostofbigbuildingscanchangehowairandrainmoveduringastorm.“Italsoexplainswhyasingle,expensivesensor—thekindthatmightbefoundatanofficialweatherstation—won'tgiveaccuratecitywidedata，”Hutsays.Butbyputtingalow-costrainmeasuringtoolintopeople'shands,scientistscanlearnmoreabouthowmuchrainfalldiffersintheseandotherhard-to-measureplaces.Ontheinsideoftheumbrellaisasmall,yellowdisk(磁盤).Itistherainfallsensor.ThesensorisattachedtoablackBluetoothheadsetthatsendsthecollecteddatatoasmartphone.Hutcameupwiththeideatostickthesametypeofsensoronanumbrellawhenhewastalkingtokidsaboutscience.Heshowedthemaphotoofapolicemanwhowasholdinganumbrellaandtalkingtoacrowdintoamicrophone.Whynotputthetwotogether?Hethoughtitcouldmakeacoolrainfallsensor.Whenthedataofastormcamethrough,Hutcomparedtheumbrella'snew“ear”forraintoofficialrainmeasuringequipment.Andtohisdelight,hefoundtheumbrella'smeasurementswereprettygood.Hisnextstepistoimprovetheumbrellasensortobemoreaccurate.1．Thepurposeofthispassageisto________.A．promoteauniqueumbrellaB．informusofanewinventionC．makereadersinterestedinscienceD．praisearesearcherforhisinvention2．Theunderlinedword“gauge”inParagraph2mostprobablymeans“________”．A．changeB．controlC．measureD．sense3．Whycanitbehardforofficialweatherstationstomeasuretherainincities?A．Theircollecteddatacannotbesenttosmartphones.B．Theyarelackinginweathermeasuringequipment.C．Rainfalldiffershugelydependingonvariousareas.D．Bigbuildingsinfluencethemoveofairandrain.4.WhatdoweknowaboutHut'snewinvention?A．Hutisnotsatisfiedwithhisnewinventionatall.B．Hut'sinventionissomethingusefulbutexpensive.C．Hutwillpaymoreattentiontotheaccurancyofthesensor.D．ApolicemanintherainhelpedHutwiththeinvention.Ⅱ.七選五Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.__1__.Inthunderstorms,lightningcanstrike(擊中)peopleandbuildingsandisverydangerous.Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatreeanddiedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.__2__.Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?Scientistssaythataperson'schancesofbeingstruckbylightningare1in600,000.__3__.Ifyouareindoorsduringathunderstorm：*Stayawayfromanythingthatismetalbecauselightningcancomeintothehousethroughit.*Don'tstandnearthewindows.*Don'ttakeashowerorbath.Lightningcantravelthroughwater.*Neverusethephone.__4__.Ifyouarecaughtinathunderstormoutdoors：*__5__.Ifthere'snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.*Donotgounderatreebecauselightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.*Alsoneveruseacellphone.A．TrytogethomeassoonaspossibleB．GointoanearbybuildingrightawayC．ButitisveryimportantforustolearnaboutlightningD．Infact,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyearE．LightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityouF．Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon'ttakethemseriouslyG．ButyoucanreducethosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrulesⅢ.語法填空TwonewsatellitesoftheBeiDouNavigation(導(dǎo)航)SatelliteSystem(BDS)1.________(send)intospaceonaLongMarch-3BcarrierrocketfromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCentreinSichuanProvince,Chinaat2：07a.m.onNovember19,2024.ThesatellitesenteredaMediumEarthorbit2.________(safe)morethanthreehourslaterandwillworkwith17otherBDS-3satellitesalreadyinspace.Theyarealsothe42ndand43rd3.________(member)oftheBDSsatellitefamily.Chinalaunchedthesesatelliteswith4.________aimofprovidingnavigationservicesforcountriesandregionswhichparticipateintheBeltandRoadInitiative(倡議)bytheendof2024.“ThisisakeystepforBDSdeveloping5.________aChineseexperimentalsystemtoaregionalandthena6.________(globe)navigationsystem,saidYangChangfeng,chiefdesigneroftheBeiDousystem.“Thepositioning7.________(accurate)oftheBDS-3systemhasbeenimprovedto2.5metresto5metres，”saidYang.8．________(name)aftertheChinesetermforthePlough,theBeiDousystemhasbeenservingChinafor18years9.________anothersixBDS-3satelliteswillbeputintotheMediumEarthorbitfrom2024to2024.Thesystemisexpected10.________(provide)first-classservicesaroundtheglobebytheendof2024.Ⅳ.寫作(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是光明中學(xué)的李華，請依據(jù)以下要點向你的美國筆友Tom寫一封英文信，介紹你校剛剛建成的試驗室和同學(xué)們上試驗課的狀況。內(nèi)容包括：1.試驗室設(shè)備齊全、先進；2.老師特別優(yōu)秀，試驗課生動、好玩、有意義；3.同學(xué)們動手動腦，主動活躍；視察和實踐實力快速提高。留意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；3．可以適當(dāng)增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearTom，Howareyougoing?NowI'mwritingto________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua其次節(jié)概要寫作閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Asadultswerealizethattherearedifferencesinvolvingboysandgirls.Onehugedifferencebetweenboysandgirlsismotion(運動).Boystendtomovefromtheminutetheyareborn.Girlswillfocusonaperson'sface,butaboyontheotherhandlikestofocusonmovement.Becauseboysaremorelikelytobeinmotion,theyaremorelikelytoharmthemselves,soIguessboysreallywillbeboys.Itappearsthatgirlsaresmarterthanboyswhenthey'rebabiesandtoddlers(學(xué)步的兒童).Evenoncetheystartschool,girlsappeartolearnfaster.Girlsaren'tsmarter;theyjusthavemuchmoreconcentrationwhentheyareyounger.Themotionthatbabyboysshowfrombirthstayswiththemthroughbeingatoddlerandintheirearlyschoolyears.That'swhygirlsseemtohittheirmilestonesquickerthanboys.Boyswillhavemoreconcentrationastheygetolder,andquicklycatchupinthoselaterschoolyears.Theconcentrationfactormightclarifywhyboysappearmuchlessfearfulthangirls.Whenweexplainissuestolittlegirls,theylistenbetter.Andwhenweclarifythingswithgreaterdetails,theyhaveagreaterunderstandingofwhatcouldoccur.Smallboysdon'tfocusasgirls,sotheyaren'tobtainingthefullreasonwhytheyoughtnottodosomething.Duetothelackofinformationtheyappeartotakegreaterrisks.Withallofthatbeingsaid,bearinmindeachboyandeachgirlisuniqueandgoesthroughmanystages.Forinstanceagirlwhoplayedwithtrucksandlovedsports,mightgrowuptobeasupermodelorthenextMarthaStewart.Thelittleboy,whousedtolovetoplaydolls'house,canbecomethebestquarterbackintheNationalFootballLeague,oracorporategiant.Childrengothroughseveralstagesinlife.Encouragethemtobewhotheyareandtrytoridyourselfofwhoyoubelievetheyshouldbe.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________課時作業(yè)(四)Writing必備學(xué)問基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．press2.shoot3.capable4.desire5.passive6.beyond7．experiments8.mental9.conductsⅡ.單句語法填空1．flexibly2.significance3.accurately4.declaration5.to6.for7．havebeenproduced8.havebeenopened9.is10.likes關(guān)鍵實力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項獨創(chuàng)，獨創(chuàng)者將能夠“聽”雨的傳感器放入雨傘內(nèi)，這樣這把傘就可以測量降雨量了。1．答案與解析：B考查寫作目的。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是第一段中的“AresearcherintheNetherlandshasdesignedasimplesensor(傳感器)that‘listens'torain”可知，文章主要介紹了一項獨創(chuàng)，獨創(chuàng)者將能夠“聽”雨的傳感器放入雨傘內(nèi)，這樣這把傘就可以測量降雨量了。2．答案與解析：C考查詞義揣測。由第一段中的“thatsensorcanturnanumbrellaintoarain-measuringexpert”可知，這個傳感器能將雨傘變成一個測量降雨量的專家，也就是說這樣的工具能幫助人們測量天氣。故應(yīng)選C項。3．答案與解析：D考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。由第四段中的“Ahostofbigbuildingscanchangehowairandrainmoveduringastorm.”可知，在城市中，大片的高樓能夠變更空氣和雨的活動。這也就是正式的天氣預(yù)報站難以精確地測量城市中的降雨量的緣由。4．答案與解析：C考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。由文章最終一句可知，Hut將會改善傳感器使其更精準(zhǔn)，故C項正確。Ⅱ.七選五【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了雷暴的危害以及幾條關(guān)于削減雷暴損害的平安措施。1．答案與解析：F空處承接上文，依據(jù)空前的“Inthespringandsummermonths，thunderstormsarecommon.”可知，在春季和夏季，雷暴是常見的。綜合選項可知，F(xiàn)項“因為雷暴時常發(fā)生，所以一些人并不重視”入選。F項中的“happenoften”照應(yīng)上文中的“common”。2．答案與解析：D由上文中的“butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld”可知，但是世界上隨時都有將近1800次雷暴發(fā)生。而空后及接下來的內(nèi)容是應(yīng)對雷暴天氣的平安措施，故空處要介紹的是雷暴對人類造成的危害，故D選項入選。3．答案與解析：G空處承上啟下，依據(jù)下文中介紹削減雷暴損害的平安措施可知，本空引出下文中的措施，故G項“但是通過遵守以下這些平安條例，你可以降低(被閃電擊中的)可能性”入選。4．答案與解析：E依據(jù)“Neverusethephone.”可知，在雷暴天氣時，你在屋內(nèi)不能用電話，故接下來要說用電話帶來的危害。故E項符合語境。5．答案與解析：B依據(jù)空后的“Ifthere'snobuildingaround，trytofindalowplacetostayin.”可知，假如旁邊沒有建筑，那就找個低矮的地方，待在那里。分析選項可知B項承接下文，告知我們在室外遭遇雷暴時，要立刻進入旁邊的建筑內(nèi)。故選B。Ⅲ.語法填空【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的信息以及兩顆衛(wèi)星的放射升空讓北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)更加完善。1．答案與解析：weresent考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。兩顆北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的衛(wèi)星在2024年由長征三號乙運載火箭送入太空。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句缺少謂語，send與主語為動賓關(guān)系，陳述的是過去的事情，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)weresent。2．答案與解析：safely考查副詞。句意：這兩顆衛(wèi)星三個多小時后勝利進入中地球軌道，并將與其他17顆BDS-3衛(wèi)星在太空中協(xié)同工作。修飾動詞應(yīng)用副詞，故用safely。3．答案與解析：members考查名詞。句意：它們也是北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的第42和第43顆衛(wèi)星。依據(jù)the42ndand43rd可知，本空應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式members。4．答案與解析：the考查定冠詞。中國放射這些衛(wèi)星的目的是為加入“一帶一路”倡議的國家和地區(qū)供應(yīng)導(dǎo)航服務(wù)。withtheaimof意為“目的是……”，故本空應(yīng)用定冠詞the。5．答案與解析：from考查介詞。句意：這對于北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)從中國的一個試驗系統(tǒng)發(fā)展成為一個區(qū)域性的系統(tǒng)，再到全球性的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)來說是關(guān)鍵的一步。分析句子可知，此處的結(jié)構(gòu)為“from...to”，故用from。6．答案與解析：global考查形容詞。句意：這對于北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)從中國的一個試驗系統(tǒng)發(fā)展成為一個區(qū)域性的系統(tǒng)，再到全球性的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)來說是關(guān)鍵的一步。本空修飾名詞system，故應(yīng)用形容詞global“全球的”。7．答案與解析：accuracy考查名詞。句意：BDS-3系統(tǒng)的位置精確性已經(jīng)提高到了2.5米至5米。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句缺少主語，故用名詞accuracy“精確性”。8．答案與解析：Named考查非謂語動詞。句意：以北斗七星的漢語名稱命名的北