2024-2025學年高中英語Unit1AlandofdiversitySection2作業(yè)含解析新人教版選修8

Unit1SectionⅡ請同學們仔細完成練案[2]Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．HeflewtoEuropeviatheNorthPole.2．AssoonasI'dgotthroughcustoms(海關)Ifeltathome.3．Herparentsarebothsocialists(社會主義者)．4．Hereportedonthewholeeventtothevice(副的)primer.5．Gostraightaheadandturnleftatthesecondcrossing(十字路口)．6．Thepossibilitythatshemightbewrongneverevenoccurredtoher.7．Therewereover500applicants(申請人)forthejob.8．Mylittlenephew(侄子)isverynaughty.Ⅱ.完成句子1．艾麗絲似乎根本不來參與晚會。ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.2．據(jù)報道中國又勝利地放射了一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星進入軌道。ItisreportedthatChinahassentanothermanmadeearthsatelliteintoorbit.3．你是贏是輸都無所謂。Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryouwinorlose.4．他們有可能提前完成任務嗎？Isitpossiblethattheymaycompletethetaskaheadoftime?5．今日的中國不再是過去的中國了。Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.Ⅲ.完形填空WhenIenteredBerkeley,Ihopedtoearnascholarship.HavingbeenaStraightAstudent,IbelievedIcould1.Atoughsubjectsandreallylearnsomething.OnesuchcoursewasWorldLiteraturegivenbyProfessorJayne.Iwasextremelyinterestedintheideashe2.Binclass.WhenItookthefirstexamofmybestsubjectEnglish,Iwas3.Atofinda77,Cplus,onmytestpaper.IwenttoProfessorJayne,wholistenedtomyargumentsbutremained4.D.Idecidedtotryharder,andIreadthebooksmorecarefully,butgotanother77again.I5.BwithProfessorJayne.Again,helistenedpatientlybutwouldn'tchangehis6.B.Onemoretestbeforethefinalexam.Onemorechancetoimprovemygrade.SoIredoubledmyeffortand,forthefirsttime7.Dthemeaningoftheword“thorough”．Butmyeffortdidnogoodandeverything8.Basbefore.Thelasthurdle(障礙)wasthefinal.Nomatterwhat9.AIgot,itwouldn'tcancelthreeCpluses.Imightaswellkissthe10.Agoodbye.Istoppedworkinghard.IfeltIknewthecoursematerialaswellasIeverwould.Thenightbeforethefinal,Ieven11.Cmyselftoamovie.ThenextdayIdecidedforonceI'dhave12.Awithatest.AWeeklater,IwassurprisedtofindIgotanA．IhurriedintoProfessorJayne'soffice.He13.Dtobeexpectingme,“IfIgaveyoutheAsyou14.C，youwouldn'tcontinuetoworkhard.”Istaredathim15.Dthathisanalysisandstrategy(策略)werecorrect.Iwasspeechlesswhenmycoursegradearrived:Aplus.ThenextyearIreceivedmyscholarship.IalwaysrememberedprofessorJayne'slesson:youalonemustsetyourownstandardofexcellence.文章大意：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過敘述自己在Jayne教授所教科目下，努力爭取A級并獲得獎學金的故事告知我們：不管做什么事，自身的努力不行或缺，任何人都有泄氣的時候，但只有通過不斷努力，給自己設定目標，才能不斷進步。1．A．take B．discussC．cover D．get解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個優(yōu)等生，我信任我可以選修一些困難的科目，并真正學到一些東西。A．take學習，讀，修(課程)；B.discuss探討；C.cover覆蓋，涉及；D.get得到。由下文的subjects可推斷，此處表示選修一些課程，學習一門課程，修一門課程，習慣上都用take。故選A。2．A．sought B．presented C．exchanged D．obtained解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我特別喜愛他在課堂上提出的一些觀點。A.sought尋求；B.presented提出；C.exchanged交換；D.obtained獲得。依據(jù)空格后的“inclass和theideas”可推斷，此處指的是老師在課堂上所提出的觀點思想，是我特別喜愛的，因此作者選修了這門課程，用presentideas。故選B。3．A．shocked B．worriedC．scared D．a(chǎn)nxious解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我參與第一次考試時，我震驚地發(fā)覺我的試卷上只有77分，一個C＋。A.shocked震驚的；B.worried擔憂的；C.scared膽怯 的；D.anxious著急的。第一段講我對自己信念滿滿，可其次段來個大轉折，第一次考試后，意外地發(fā)覺竟然只得了77分，所以是shocked特別驚訝，而worried擔憂，scared膽怯 ，anxious著急，都不符合人物心理感受。故選A。4．A．unchanged B．unpleasantC．unfriendly D．unmoved解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我去找杰恩教授，他聽了我的論點，但麻木不仁。A.unchanged不變更的；B.unpleasant不快樂的；C.unfriendly不友好的；D.unmoved不為所動。依據(jù)“butremained”可知，老師沒有變更給我的分數(shù)。故選D。5．A．quarreled B．reasonedC．bargained D．chatted解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我又一次和杰恩教授理論。A.quarreled爭吵；B.reasoned爭論，推理；C.bargained討價還價；D.chatted閑談。我再次遭受77分，于是再次去找老師理論，reasonwithsb.與某人講道理，勸服某人。故選B。6．A．a(chǎn)ttitude B．mindC．plan D．view解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他又一次耐性地聽著，但就是不愿變更辦法。A.attitude看法；B.mind辦法；C.plan安排；D.view觀點。這里，老師聽完之后，再次麻木不仁，他沒有變更他的．..，attitude迷惑性最大，留意，這里探討的還是分數(shù)能不能更改的事，而changeone'smind是英語中一個比較常見的搭配，意為“變更一個人的想法或確定”，相對于看法，改分數(shù)的事更多是關于變更確定的。故選B。7．A．memorized B．consideredC．a(chǎn)ccepted D．learned解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：于是我加倍努力，第一次懂得了“徹底”這個詞的含義。？A.memorized記憶；B.considered考慮；C.accepted接受；D.learned學習，得知。這一次，我明顯是舍命學習，那么是真的第一次了解到啥叫“徹底”了。故選D。8．A．stayed B．wentC．worked D．changed解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我的努力沒有奏效，一切都像以前一樣。A.stayed停留，保持；B.went進行；C.worked工作；D.changed變更。依據(jù)“myeffortswerenogood”可知我的努力結果不好，跟以前一樣，沒有變更。everythinggoeswell，一切都很順當，這里是一切都像從前一樣，用go就很合理了，故選B。9．A．grade B．a(chǎn)nswer C．lesson D．comment解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管我得多少分，都不能取消三個C＋。A.grade分數(shù)；B.answer答案；C.lesson課程；Dment評論。依據(jù)后文“threeCpluses”可知此處指的是分數(shù)。故選A。10．A．scholarship B．courseC．degree D．subject解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我還是跟獎學金說再見吧。A.scholarship獎學金；B.course課程；C.degree學位；D.subject科目。依據(jù)文章第一段“toearnascholarship”和最終一段“Ireceivedmyscholarship”可知，這里是我以為自己拿不到獎學金了。故選A。11．A．helped B．favoredC．treated D．relaxed解析：考查動詞和固定搭配，句意：在期末考試的前一天晚上，我甚至請自己去看了電影。A.helped幫助；B.favored贊同；C.treated對待；D.relaxed放松。treatsb.to＋飯/消遣活動，是固定搭配，意為“請某人吃飯/消遣等”。Ieventreatedmyselftoamovie表示考前很放松，自己掏錢去看電影。故選C。12．A．fun B．luck C．problems D．tricks解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其次天，我確定快樂地考一次試。A.fun樂趣；B.luck運氣；C.problems問題；D.tricks陰謀，花招。依據(jù)前文考前請自己看電影，可知這里指“樂趣”。發(fā)覺這時我是很放松的，甚至考試的時候，確定把考試當作一種fun樂趣，而與luck運氣，problems問題，trick把戲技巧，沒有關系。故選A。13．A．happened B．provedC．pretended D．seemed解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他似乎在等我。A.happened發(fā)生；B.proved證明；C.pretended假裝；D.seemed似乎，似乎。happento碰巧；意外，proveto證明，pretendto假裝，seemto似乎，似乎，依據(jù)語境可知，一周后，驚喜地發(fā)覺自己盡然得了A，跑去找老師，發(fā)覺老師似乎早料到我會來，所以在等。故選D。14．A．valued B．imaginedC．expected D．welcomed解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“假如我給了你所期望的A，你就不會接著努力學習了?！盇.valued珍惜；B.imagined想象；C.expected期盼；D.welcomed歡迎。依據(jù)下文“youwouldn'tcontinuetoworkhard”并結合上文內容可知，老師說，假如我原來給了你所期望的成果A，那么你就不會這么努力付出了。所以是expect期盼期望，其他的都不通。故選C。15．A．remembering B．guessing C．supposing D．realizing解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我盯著他，意識到他的分析和策略是正確的。A.remembering記??；B.guessing揣測；C.supposing猜想；D.realizing意識到；理解；領悟。下文“hisanalysisandstrategy(策略)werecorrect.”是我領悟的，意識到的東西。此處表示我看著他，這時才真正明白了他的專心。故選D。Ⅳ.閱讀理解ALikemanyyoungpeoplearoundtheworld,EmmanueldreamedofgettingauniversityeducationintheUnitedStates.The26yearoldisanundocumentedimmigrant.Thismeanshedoesnothavetheofficialpermissionneededtoenter,livein,orworkintheU．S.EmmanuelcametoAmericafromMexicofiveyearsago,whenhediscoveredthathehadtolearnEnglishandhisdreamwasmuchmoredifficulttoachieve.Themajordifficultyherealizedwasthattherewereveryfewopportunitiesforhimtoreallyreceiveaformaleducation.Federallawsdonotpreventimmigrantsfromgoingtocollege.Butlawsdobanillegalimmigrantsfromreceivinggovernmentfinancialaid.Theaveragecostofafouryeardegreeatapublicuniversityis$9,410.Bycomparison,theaveragecostataprivateuniversityisD|S32,405.ManyimmigrantscometotheU．S.withlittlemoney,sotheyusuallycan'taffordtheexpensiveeducation.EmmanuelreadaboutUniversityofthePeoplewhichhasnotuitionfee.Theclassesandteachingmaterialsareallfreeonline.Alltheteachersarevolunteers.Butstudentsmustbeatleast18yearsoldandhavecompletedhighschool.Theuniversityjustrequiresstudentstopaya$50applicationfeewhentheyareadmittedanda$100testfeewhentheycompleteaclass.ShaiReshefisthepresidentofUniversityofthePeople.HewasborninIsrael.Hedecidedtocreateatuitionfree(免費)universityaftervisitingseveralpoorcountries,wherepeoplehadlimitedhighereducationopportunities.HenotesthatUniversityofthePeopleisamodeltoshowuniversitiesandgovernmentsthattheissuecanbesolved.Highereducationcanbeaffordable,canbehighqualityandshouldn'tleaveanyonebehind.Currently,therearemorethan2,500studentsstudyingwiththeUniversityofthePeople.Itonlyprovidesdegreesincomputerscienceandbusinessadministration.Theuniversityexpectsthestudentnumbertodoublenextyear.文章大意：本文為說明文。伊曼紐爾幻想著在美國接受高校教化，他從墨西哥非法移民來到了美國，卻發(fā)覺自己的幻想比想象的更加難以實現(xiàn)，幸運的是他找到了美國人民高校。1．What'sthebiggestproblemforEmmanuel？CA．Hedidn'tunderstandEnglishatall.B．Ittookhimseveralyearstofindajob.C．Itwashardforhimtoreceiveeducation.D．Hemissedhisnativecountryverymuch.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Themajordifficultyherealizedwasthattherewereveryfewopportunitiesforhimtoreallyreceiveaformaleducation”可知，最大的困難是像他這樣的非法移民很難有機會在美國真正接受正規(guī)教化。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph2？DA．It'sagainsttheU．S.lawsforimmigrantstogetacollegeeducation.B．Thecostofpublicuniversitiesishigherthanthatofprivateones.C．Peoplepay$32,405eachyearforlearningataprivateuniversity.D．TheU．S.governmentdoesn'tofferillegalimmigrantsmoneyhelp.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段可知，美國聯(lián)邦法律未禁止移民上高校，但是法律禁止非法移民獲得政府的財政救濟。3．WhatdoesShaiReshefthinkabouthighereducation？CA．ItisdifficultinIsrael.B．Thecostofitneedstobeincreased.C．Itshouldbeaccessibletoeverybody.D．Peopleinpoorcountriesdon'tneedtoreceiveit.解析：推理推斷題。由第四段可知，校長沙伊·瑞希夫指出，美國人民高校是一個典范，向各個高校和政府表明高等教化問題是可以解決的。高等教化是可以負擔得起的、高質量的，而且不應當拋棄任何人。4．WhatdoweknowabouttheUniversityofthePeople？AA．Itisenjoyingagoodmarket.B．Thereareawidevarietyofcourses.C．Studentsneedtopaynothingtostudythere.D．Anybodyovertheageof18willbeaccepted.解析：推理推斷題。由最終一段“Theuniversityexpectsthestudentnumbertodoublenextyear”可知，美國人民高校預料明年的人數(shù)將翻番，即這個學校很有市場。由第三段可知，C、D兩項錯誤。B(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalemLikerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.文章大意：這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了競走相比跑步有諸多的優(yōu)勢，但是之前受過傷的人，要想從事這樣運動要謹慎，最好詢問專家的建議。5．Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes？CA．Theymustrunlongdistances.B．Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C．Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D．Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontactwiththegroundatalltimes.”可知，但這項運動的規(guī)則要求競