【高三暑假自學(xué)課】第01講 冠詞和名詞 原卷版

2023年新高三英語(yǔ)【暑假自學(xué)課】（課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷）第01講冠詞和名詞原卷版1.掌握不定冠詞、定冠詞和零冠詞的基本用法。2.掌握名詞的“數(shù)”及名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成。3.掌握名詞所有格和常見(jiàn)名詞構(gòu)詞法。一、冠詞基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)（一）冠詞用法思維導(dǎo)圖（二）定冠詞the的十大典型用法考點(diǎn)1：表示雙方都知道的人或事物。Wouldyoumindturningdowntheradioalittle?Thebabyissleeping.請(qǐng)把收音機(jī)音量調(diào)小點(diǎn)好嗎？嬰兒在睡覺(jué)?？键c(diǎn)2：表示特指的或上文已提到過(guò)的人或事物。（第一次提到用“a或an”以后再次提到用“the”）Doyouknowthegirlinred?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)穿紅衣服的女孩么？考點(diǎn)3：表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。Asisknowntous,theearthmovesaroundthesun.眾所周知，地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)?？键c(diǎn)4：用在序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級(jí)前面，以及對(duì)特定的兩個(gè)人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)的比較級(jí)前。LiuYangisthefirstwomanwhohasbeenintospaceinChina.在中國(guó)，劉洋是第一位進(jìn)入太空的女性。Heisthetalleststudentinourclass.他是我們班個(gè)子最高的?？键c(diǎn)5：用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前表示一家人或夫妻倆。TheSmithslivedintheapartmentaboveours.史密斯夫婦住在我們樓上的公寓里?？键c(diǎn)6：用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞前。theWestLake西湖考點(diǎn)7：與某些形容詞連用表示一類(lèi)人。thepoor窮人therich富人thewounded傷員考點(diǎn)8：用在表示方位或西洋樂(lè)器名稱(chēng)的名詞之前。JilinisinthenorthofChina.吉林位于中國(guó)的北部。樂(lè)器前一定要加定冠詞。PeterlikesplayingfootballwhileIamfondofplayingthepiano.彼得喜歡踢足球，而我喜歡彈鋼琴。考點(diǎn)9：用在表示某世紀(jì)、年代、時(shí)期或朝代的名詞前。Itisnotrareinthe1990sthatpeopleintheirfiftieswenttouniversityforfurthereducation.在二十世紀(jì)九十年代五十多歲的人上大學(xué)進(jìn)修并不罕見(jiàn)。考點(diǎn)10：用于某些固定詞組中。inthedaytime在白天inthehabitof習(xí)慣于makethemost/bestof充分利用inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處intheway擋路onthewhole總的來(lái)說(shuō)atthesametime同時(shí)atthemoment此刻forthetimebeing暫時(shí)gotothedoctor's去看醫(yī)生bytheway順便說(shuō)；順便問(wèn)一下theotherday前幾天ontheradio/phone通過(guò)無(wú)線電/電話(huà)onthespot在場(chǎng)；到場(chǎng)；立即；馬上；當(dāng)場(chǎng)totell(you)thetruth說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)，老實(shí)說(shuō)gotothecinema去看電影notintheleast一點(diǎn)也不forthemostpart通常，多半（三）不定冠詞a(n)的七大典型用法考點(diǎn)1：用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前。ThisisanEnglishbook.這是一本英語(yǔ)書(shū)。考點(diǎn)2：泛指人或事物的某一類(lèi)別，以區(qū)別于其他種類(lèi)。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.飛機(jī)是一種能飛的機(jī)器。考點(diǎn)3：泛指某人或某物。Agirliswaitingforyou.一個(gè)女孩正在等你?？键c(diǎn)4：用在表示數(shù)量、長(zhǎng)度、時(shí)間等的計(jì)數(shù)單位的名詞前，表示“每一”。Thecarmoves100milesanhour.這輛小汽車(chē)以每小時(shí)100英里的速度行駛考點(diǎn)5：抽象名詞具體化的情況下，不定冠詞a/an用于抽象名詞前，表示具體的人或事物。ItisasuccessforacountrytohosttheOlympicGames.對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)，主辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)是一件成功的事?？键c(diǎn)6：不定冠詞a與an的區(qū)別a用在以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前，an用在以元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前。要點(diǎn)：不見(jiàn)元音不加an，不看字母看發(fā)音。anhonestboy一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的男孩anumbrella一把傘 anunusualstory一個(gè)不同尋常的故事anunhappyboy一個(gè)不高興的男孩 auniversity一所大學(xué)aEuropeancountry一個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家ausefulbook一本有用的書(shū)考點(diǎn)7：用于某些固定詞組中。haveacold患感冒haveagoodtime玩得高興haveagiftfor有……的天賦haveawordwith與……談話(huà)make/earnaliving謀生goonadiet節(jié)食asaresult因此asamatteroffact事實(shí)上asarule通常，照例inahurry匆忙地inasense在某種意義上inaword總之inamoment立刻onceinawhile偶爾ataloss困惑，不知所措allofasudden突然（四）零冠詞的基本用法考點(diǎn)1：季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、假日、一日三餐、學(xué)科、球類(lèi)、棋類(lèi)等名稱(chēng)前一般不加冠詞。Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.春天是一年中最好的季節(jié)。Iwenttoschoolwithouthavingbreakfastthismorning.今天早上我沒(méi)吃早飯就去上學(xué)了。考點(diǎn)2：表示泛指意義的復(fù)數(shù)名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、專(zhuān)有名詞、人名、地名等前，一般不加冠詞。Sarahlookedatthefinishedpaintingwithsatisfaction.薩拉滿(mǎn)意地看著那幅完工的油畫(huà)?？键c(diǎn)3：在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，作表語(yǔ)的名詞前不加冠詞。Childas/thoughsheis,sheknowstoomuchFrench.盡管她是一個(gè)孩子，但她懂很多法語(yǔ)?？键c(diǎn)4：系動(dòng)詞turn后跟表職業(yè)的名詞時(shí)，名詞前不加冠詞。Theyounggirlhasturnedwriter.→Theyounggirlhasbecomeawriter.這個(gè)年輕女孩已經(jīng)成為一位作家?？键c(diǎn)5：no與such連用時(shí)應(yīng)放在such之前，such后的名詞前不用冠詞。There'snosuchthingasajobforlifeanylonger.不再有像終身職位這樣的事了。考點(diǎn)6：表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞的前面也常不用冠詞。Tombecamemonitorofourclass.湯姆成為我們班長(zhǎng)。Hewasappointedambassador.他被任命為大使?？键c(diǎn)7：在復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示一類(lèi)人或事物，一般不使用冠詞。Horsesareusefulanimals.馬是有用的動(dòng)物。Dogsarehumanbeings’friends.狗是人類(lèi)的朋友?？键c(diǎn)8：在與by連用的表示交通工具的名詞前。一般不使用冠詞。bybike,bybus,bytrain,byship,bysea,byland,byair(plane)等考點(diǎn)9：零冠詞的常見(jiàn)固定搭配givewayto給……讓路 onhand在手頭 onpurpose故意地 forexample例如inadvance提前indebt負(fù)債 bymistake錯(cuò)誤地，無(wú)意地underrepair處于維修中 loseheart灰心dayandnight夜以繼日地 catchfire著火frommorningtillnight從早到晚facetoface面對(duì)面地 outofcontrol失控indanger處于危險(xiǎn)之中atdawn/noon/dusk/night在黎明/正午/黃昏/夜晚inplace在恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?heartandsoul全心全意地二、名詞基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)（一）名詞所有格的用法考點(diǎn)1：表示兩者各自所有關(guān)系時(shí)，分別在每個(gè)名詞的詞尾加’s；表示兩者共有，在最后名詞詞尾加’s。如：mysister'stelephone姐姐的電話(huà)Jones’room瓊斯的房間Nurses’Day護(hù)士節(jié)Women’sday婦女節(jié)?？键c(diǎn)2：表示店鋪、辦公室或某人家時(shí)，名詞所有格后被修飾的名詞一般省略。如：atthebarber's在理發(fā)店atmyuncle's在我叔家HaveyouevermetTom'sandJim'sfathersbefore?湯姆父親和吉姆父親考點(diǎn)3：若一樣?xùn)|西為兩人所有，只在后一個(gè)名詞后加’s。ThisisTomandJim'sfather湯姆和吉姆的父親?？键c(diǎn)4：of所有格：無(wú)生命的名詞常用of所有格表示所有關(guān)系；名詞短語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)修飾的有生命的名詞用of所有格。thewindowoftheroom房間的窗戶(hù)考點(diǎn)5：雙重所有格：指＂名詞＋of＋名詞所有格＂或＂名詞＋of＋名詞性物主代詞＂。aplayofShakespeare’s(莎士比亞的一個(gè)戲劇)afriendofmine(我的一個(gè)朋友)（二）不可數(shù)名詞用法考點(diǎn)1：常見(jiàn)不可數(shù)名詞有fun/furniture,luggage,information,progress,advice/air,knowledge,news,equipment,work,homework,housework。這些名詞取首字母可以妙記為flipaknew(飛來(lái)品，牛)。不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，前邊也不能有不定冠詞a或an。這點(diǎn)在短文改錯(cuò)中頻繁考查。Forfurtherinformationonthediet,writetousatthisaddress.欲知規(guī)定飲食的詳情，請(qǐng)按這個(gè)地址給我們寫(xiě)信。Alltheequipmentshouldbecleaneddownregularly.所有設(shè)備都應(yīng)該定期徹底打掃?？键c(diǎn)2：具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、情感的抽象名詞在表示具體的概念時(shí)，可以與不定冠詞連用，?？嫉挠校?jiǎn)卧~抽象名詞意義具體化名詞意義success成功成功的人或事pleasure樂(lè)趣令人高興的事beauty美；美麗美麗的人或事物comfort安慰；慰藉令人感到安慰的人或事物danger危險(xiǎn)危險(xiǎn)的人或因素delight高興令人高興的事failure失敗失敗的人或事物surprise驚奇令人驚奇的事情shock震驚令人震驚的事情pride驕傲令人驕傲的事情Yourcontributionwillcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.你的貢獻(xiàn)一定會(huì)使這個(gè)事件很成功?？键c(diǎn)3：物質(zhì)名詞具體化drink飲料→twodrinks兩杯飲料coffee咖啡→acoffee一杯咖啡chalk粉筆→achalk一支粉筆hair頭發(fā)→ahair一根頭發(fā)考點(diǎn)4：抽象名詞與a(an)連用，淡化了抽象概念，轉(zhuǎn)化為似乎可以體驗(yàn)到的動(dòng)作、行為或類(lèi)別。例如：Beingabletoaffordadrinkwouldbeacomfortinthosetoughtimes.在那些艱難的時(shí)期，能夠買(mǎi)得起一杯酒會(huì)是一件欣慰的事。（三）可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)用法考點(diǎn)1：名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化種類(lèi)變化例詞一般情況詞尾加-sbook→books,pen→pens以-s，-x，-ch，-sh結(jié)尾詞尾加-esbus→buses，bench→benches，box→boxes，dish→dishes，但stomach例外，其后直接加-s以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾變y為i后加-esfamily→families，city→cities以“元音字母＋y”結(jié)尾詞尾加-skey→keys，boy→boys以-f或-fe結(jié)尾多數(shù)變f或fe為v后加-esleaf→leaves，life→lives,knife→knives少數(shù)詞尾加-schief→chiefs,roof→roofs,belief→beliefs以字母-o結(jié)尾詞尾加-eshero→heroes,potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes詞尾加-sphoto→photos,kilo→kilos,piano→pianos以-sis結(jié)尾的外來(lái)詞變sis為sesbasis→bases,analysis→analyses,crisis→crises考點(diǎn)2：名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化種類(lèi)例詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形deer,sheep,Chinese,aircraft,means,series,species,headquarters單數(shù)形式復(fù)數(shù)意義people,police,cattle復(fù)數(shù)形式單數(shù)意義news,physics,politics合成詞變復(fù)數(shù)passer-by→passers-by，son-in-law→sons-in-law,looker-on→lookers-on,go-between→go-betweens,grown-up→grown-ups詞形變化man→men，child→children，tooth→teeth,foot→feet,mouse→mice,medium→media,bacterium→bacteria（四）動(dòng)詞/形容詞變?yōu)槊~用法考點(diǎn)1：動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞的后綴后綴例詞－ion/－tion/－sion/ationcorrect→correction改正celebrate→celebration慶祝conclude→conclusion結(jié)論；結(jié)束discuss→discussion討論；論述admit→admission承認(rèn)；準(zhǔn)許加入permit→permission允許，許可invite→invitation邀請(qǐng)explain→explanation解釋graduate→graduation畢業(yè)expect→expectation期望－er/－orsail→sailor海員，水手drive→driver司機(jī)；駕駛員gather→gatherer收集者，采集者teach→teacher老師announce→announcer廣播員conduct→conductor指揮；售票員－mentpunish→punishment懲罰achieve→achievement成就argue→argument辯論；論據(jù)treat→treatment對(duì)待；治療equip→equipment裝備；設(shè)備govern→government政府－ance/－enceappear→appearance出現(xiàn)；外貌guide→guidance指引；指導(dǎo)perform→performance表演；表現(xiàn)exist→existence存在；生存prefer→preference偏愛(ài)refer→reference參考，查閱－ure/turefail→failure失??；倒閉press→pressure壓力depart→departure離開(kāi)；出發(fā)mix→mixture混合(物)－inghear→hearing聽(tīng)力，聽(tīng)覺(jué)begin→beginning開(kāi)始－yrecover→recovery恢復(fù)discover→discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)2：形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞的后綴后綴例詞－ageshort→shortage短缺percent→percentage百分比－cyefficient→efficiency效率fluent→fluency流利accurate→accuracy準(zhǔn)確性private→privacy隱私－domfree→freedom自由wise→wisdom明智；智慧－encedifferent→difference差異evident→evidence證據(jù)－nessweak→weakness虛弱；弱點(diǎn)thick→thickness厚度kind→kindness仁慈，友好careless→carelessness粗心大意－thstrong→strength力氣；優(yōu)勢(shì)warm→warmth溫暖；熱情－y/－ty/－itysafe→safety安全disable→disability缺陷；傷殘responsible→responsibility責(zé)任honest→honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)考點(diǎn)一：不定冠詞例1．Theheavyrainlasted3hoursonendandcameto______endwhentheclasswasover.【答案】an【解析】考查冠詞。句意：這場(chǎng)大雨連續(xù)不斷地下了三個(gè)小時(shí)，當(dāng)放學(xué)時(shí)才停住。結(jié)合句意可知空白處考查短語(yǔ)cometoanend結(jié)束。故填an?？键c(diǎn)二：定冠詞例2．Jane’sgrandmotherhadwantedtowriteachildren’sbookformanyyears,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotin________way.【答案】the【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)和冠詞。句意：簡(jiǎn)的祖母多年來(lái)一直想寫(xiě)一本兒童讀物，但總是有一件事或另一件事阻礙了她。根據(jù)句意可知，盡管簡(jiǎn)的祖母多年來(lái)一直想寫(xiě)一本兒童讀物，但總有事情阻礙了她；getintheway是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“擋道；妨礙”。故填the?？键c(diǎn)三：不定冠詞a(n)區(qū)別例3．Everymorninghespends________hourdoingexercise,thenhegoestowork.【答案】an【解析】考查冠詞。句意：他每天早上花一小時(shí)鍛煉身體，然后去上班。根據(jù)句意，空白處表示數(shù)量“一”，此處表示“一個(gè)小時(shí)”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且hour以元音音素開(kāi)頭，所以用an。故填an?？键c(diǎn)四：不定冠詞a(n)區(qū)別例4．Everymorninghespends________hourdoingexercise,thenhegoestowork.【答案】an【解析】考查冠詞。句意：他每天早上花一小時(shí)鍛煉身體，然后去上班。根據(jù)句意，空白處表示數(shù)量“一”，此處表示“一個(gè)小時(shí)”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且hour以元音音素開(kāi)頭，所以用an。故填an?？键c(diǎn)五：固定句型中冠詞的用法例5．morelearnedamanis,moremodestbeusuallybecome.【答案】The;the【解析】考查冠詞。句意：一個(gè)人越有學(xué)識(shí)，他就越可能更謙虛，使用the+比較級(jí)+主謂，the+比較級(jí)+主謂的句型，所以填The;the?？键c(diǎn)六：抽象名詞具體化的用法例6．Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGameswas_____success.【答案】a【解析】考查冠詞。句意：我們完全有理由相信2022年北京冬奧運(yùn)會(huì)是成功的。分析句子可知，success是抽象名詞具體化，表示泛指“一件成功的事”，且以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a?？键c(diǎn)七：名詞所有格用法例7．Thetouristcenterisfarawayfromhereindeed.It’stwo________(hour)walk.【答案】hours’【解析】考查名詞所有格。句意：旅游中心離這里確實(shí)很遠(yuǎn)。走路要兩個(gè)小時(shí)。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用名詞所有格形式作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞walk。所以用twohours’walk表示“兩小時(shí)的路程”符合語(yǔ)境。故填hours’。考點(diǎn)八：名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化例8．Statisticsconsistentlyshowthathalfof________(child)preferridingbicyclestoplayingoncomputersorsmartphones.【答案】children【解析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)一致顯示，有一半的孩子更喜歡騎自行車(chē)，而不是玩電腦或智能手機(jī)。child為可數(shù)名詞，零冠詞用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指。故填children?？键c(diǎn)九：固定句型中冠詞的用法例9．Now,nearly500acresofsandisbeingturnedintofarmsproducingcorn,________(tomato)andsunflowers.【答案】tomatoes【解析】考查名詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，近500英畝的沙地正在變成生產(chǎn)玉米、西紅柿和向日葵的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)用名詞，作“producing”的賓語(yǔ)，“tomato”意為“西紅柿”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意可知，生產(chǎn)的不止一個(gè)西紅柿，故空格處應(yīng)用“tomato”的復(fù)數(shù)形式“tomatoes”。故填tomatoes?？键c(diǎn)十：動(dòng)詞或形容詞變?yōu)槊~的用法例10．China’sindustrialoutputisexpectedtorisebyaround6.5percentthisyear,markingthebest________(perform)since2010.【答案】performance【解析】考查名詞。句意：中國(guó)今年的工業(yè)產(chǎn)出預(yù)計(jì)將增長(zhǎng)6.5%左右，這標(biāo)志著自2010年以來(lái)的最佳表現(xiàn)。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)用名詞，作“marking”的賓語(yǔ)，“perform”意為“表演，表現(xiàn)”，動(dòng)詞詞性，對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞為“performance”，意為“表現(xiàn)”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填performance。第一組（冠詞）閱讀下面句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.（2022新高考I卷）Coveringanareaaboutthreetimes___________sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.2.（2022新高考II卷）___________BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.3.（2022全國(guó)甲卷）___________friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.4.（2022全國(guó)乙卷）Tocelebrate___________festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.5.（2022浙江1月卷）Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeakifshecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersof___________time,theyagreed.6.（2021年新高考I卷）Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis___________musttovisit!7.（2021年全國(guó)甲卷）Ittookusabout3hourstogoall___________wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.8.（2021年全國(guó)乙卷）Dueto___________growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.9.（2020年浙江1月卷）AchildbornintheUStodayhas___________veryrealisticchanceoflivingbeyond100andneedstoplanaccordingly.10.（2021浙江卷）___________Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwostoriesin1856tomeettheneedsoftheirgrowingfamily.11.（2020年浙江卷）Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then，with___________riseofscience，changesbegan.12.（2020年全國(guó)II卷）Theplumtreesare___________firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.13.(2019全國(guó)I卷)Of___________nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,sixarestable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.14.(2019浙江卷)Everybodywears_________samestyleofclothes.15.（2018全國(guó)II卷）Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover

__________past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.16.（2018全國(guó)III卷）Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat_________topofherlungs.17.(2017·新課標(biāo)卷I)As65result，peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.18.(2017全國(guó)II卷)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover________top.19.（2017全國(guó)III）Instead,sheisearning$6500adayas___________modelinNewYork.20.（2015全國(guó)II卷）Theadobedwellings(土坯房)builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven___________mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.第二組（名詞）閱讀下面句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate_____________(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,andeventuallyachieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.2.（2022新高考II卷）Hesavedmy_____________(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknowhowtothankhim.”3.（2022全國(guó)甲卷）CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental_____________(protect).4.（2022全國(guó)乙卷）“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthelargesttea-producingcountry,Chinahasa_____________(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.5.（2022浙江1月卷）Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeakifshecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersofthetime,theyagreed.Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe_____________(invite).6.（2021新高考1卷）Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe_____________(human)are.7.（2021新高考II卷）Acompany_____________(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.8.（2021全國(guó)甲卷）Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand_____________(watchtower)totakepictures...9.（2021全國(guó)乙卷）_____________(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（遠(yuǎn)足）andaccommodationsaimtohavealowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.10.（2021全國(guó)乙卷）Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe_____________(develop)ofthelocalareas.11.（2022浙江1月卷）Itiscalculatedbydividinga_____________(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25isconsideredhealthy.12.（2021浙江6月卷）In1844theyboughtitfor＄1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir_____________(marry)ceremonyin1842.13.（2021北京卷）Whydowedream?Scientistsaren'tcompletelysure,andtheyhavediverse_____________(idea).Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.14.（2020全國(guó)I卷）Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular_____________(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山)，moresothanthefamiliarnearside.15.(2020全國(guó)II卷)ChineseNewYearisa_____________(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.16.(2020全國(guó)III卷)Filledwith_____________(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.17.（2020新高考卷）AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity’sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical_____________(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.18.（2020浙江6月卷）Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe_____________(season),plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas,making(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.19.（2020天津卷）Thehealthsecuritysystemsofmanycountriesareundergoingconsiderable_____________(transform).20.（2020北京卷）Now,lotsof_____________(country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.第一組（冠詞）閱讀下面句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.ThebookFromtheSoilprovides________uniqueopportunitytolearnmoreaboutChinesesociety.2.TwoChineseastronautsheadedoutsidethenation’sTiangongspacestationonFebruary9,2023for________seven-hour-longspacewalk,________firstoftheongoingShenzhou15mission.3.Itwas______pitythatJimmydidn’twinthefirstprizeintheEnglishcompetition,butitwasreally______unusualexperience.4.“Well,”saidtheCoachashehitPaulon________shoulder,“you’vejustearnedyourplaceontheteam.”5.Grandpasurvivedtheillnessintheend,anditwas____greatcomforttoourwholefamily.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)6.Withanyaccident,it’sneverjustonething.It’s__________seriesoffaultsthattogethercreateanunfortunateoutcome.7.Oneofmyroommatesincollegeworkedas________editorinthepublishinghousenexttomyapartmentbutwenevercameacrosseachother.8.G20isanintergovernmentalforumsetupin________efforttoaddresssuchissuesaseconomiccooperationandclimatechange.9.Historyismuchmorethanthestudyofdustyoldobjectsandeventslongpast.Itis_________essentialpartofwhowearetodayandwhowewillbecome.10.Inthiscompany,shehasworkedasasecretaryfor5years,orrather,_________personalassistant.11.Inourcitypeoplehaveusedsmartwatermeterstotake________placeoftraditionalwatermeters.12.OnMid-AutumnDay,peopleeatmooncakesandwatch_______moon.13.Aftertheearthquake,_______injuredwerequicklytakentodifferenthospitals.14.Couldyoutellmethewayto__________Johnsons,please?15.Themomenttheshakingstopped,MissBrownsenseditwas_________besttimefortheclasstomaketheirescape.16.In________last500years,modernartlikeabstractarthasmadeabigleap.17.Itseemsthatprotectingtheenvironmentisverycostly,butin________longterm,itwillbenefitthewholesociety.18.McGregormuststayinbedforamonthon__________basisofthemedicalreportshisdoctorhasreceived.19.Youdon’tnecessarilyhavetoown________latesteverythingbutyoushouldhave________roughideaofwhatischanging.20.LinShuhao,________NBAstar,isoneof________fewbasketballplayerswhoareverypopularwithChin