河北省十縣聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省十縣聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASomebeachesareperfectforrelaxing,whileothersofferactivitieslikehikingandwatersports.Visitthesebeautifulbeachesforanunforgettablevacation.CannonBeachIfyourperfectbeachvacationspotfeaturespostcard-worthysceneryandpeace,looknofurtherthanCannonBeach.InthisPacificNorthwesttown,youcanevenbuildafireonthebeachtorelaxbesidewhilewatchingthesunset.Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.HorseshoeBayBeachForaone-of-a-kindbeachexperience,headtoHorseshoeBayBeachonBermuda’sSouthShore.Knownforitspinksand,thisbeachisapopulardestinationforfamilieslookingtoplayinthecalmblue-greenwatersandbuildblush-coloredsandcastles.Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheself-guidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.MoheganBluffsThisbeachisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.Then,takethe141stepsdowntothesandtosunbathe.Afterthat,climbbackuptovisittheSoutheastLightforanup-closeviewofits18th-centurylighthouse.SouthBeachThistropicaldistrictonFlorida’sAtlanticCoastisworld-renownedforitspowderywhitesand.AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehigh-risebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.1.WhatsimilaritydoCannonBeachandHorseshoeBayBeachshare?A.Thechancetocyclearound. B.Theirlivelyartisticscene.C.Theuniquewatersports. D.Theirdistinctivesandcolor.2.WhoismostlikelyattractedtoMoheganBluffs?A.Thoseseekingwatersports. B.Fansofmodernlighthouses.C.Thoseinterestedinlocalculture. D.Enthusiastsofmountainclimbing.3.WhatsetsSouthBeachapartfromtherestoftheMiamiBeacharea?A.Itsbeachsand. B.Itsarchitecturalstyle.C.Itsoceandrive. D.Itshigh-risebuildings.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了一些美麗的海灘?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CannonBeach部分中“Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.(當(dāng)你需要離開(kāi)海灘休息一下的時(shí)候，可以騎上一輛自行車(chē)，前往市中心的藝術(shù)畫(huà)廊、商店和餐館)”和HorseshoeBayBeach部分中“Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheself-guidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.(喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人還可以參加島上的自助自行車(chē)之旅，或者參加刺激的水上運(yùn)動(dòng))”可知，兩個(gè)海灘的共同點(diǎn)是都可以在周?chē)T行，故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MoheganBluffs部分中“Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.(抵達(dá)后，停下來(lái)欣賞周?chē)沫h(huán)境，了解它與當(dāng)?shù)厝说穆?lián)系，他們的古老傳統(tǒng)，以及與土地的聯(lián)系，為您的海灘體驗(yàn)增添深度)”可知，對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)匚幕信d趣的人最有可能被MoheganBluffs所吸引，故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SouthBeach部分中“AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehigh-risebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.(雖然嚴(yán)格來(lái)說(shuō)是邁阿密海灘地區(qū)的一部分，但南海灘因其裝飾藝術(shù)建筑而引人注目，從海濱救生塔到著名的海洋大道沿線的高層建筑，隨處可見(jiàn))”可知，SouthBeach因其裝飾藝術(shù)風(fēng)格的建筑而脫穎而出，故選B。BAssocialcreatures,researchhashistoricallypointedusawayfromtimealone.Butrecently,morepeoplearespendingtimeawayfromthecrowd,andevenseemtodesireit.InSolitude(獨(dú)處)—Thescienceandpowerofbeingalone,abookco-writtenbyHeatherHansen,anaward-winningjournalistandauthor,withtheresearcherNguyen,theysetouttounderstandhoweverydaysolitudeaffectspeople’slives.Inthelargeststudyofitskind,thousandsagedbetween13and85participatedinonlinesurveys.Forsome,thinkoftheword“solitude”,andtheywillthinkofadeterminedhikeraloneinthewilderness.Mostpeopledescribedexperiencesofsolitudeachievedwhile,forexample,walkinginaparkorwritinginajournal.Surprisingly,somedescribedsolitudeashavingapsychologicaldistancefromothers,butnotnecessarilyaphysicalone.Inseveralseparateexperiments,Nguyenfoundthatwhenpeoplespend15minutesalone,thereisa“deactivationeffect”,meaning“highexcitement”emotionslikeanxietyaredecreased,whilepositive“l(fā)owexcitement”feelingslikecalmnessareincreased,whichwasn’tseenwhenpeoplespent15minuteswithanotherperson.Onecaveatisthatsometimessolitudealsoincreasesthenegativelowexcitementfeelingofloneliness.However,afurtherexperimentshowedthatthisincreasecouldbeweakenedwhenindividualschosetothinkaboutpositivethoughtsorwhentheyweregivenachoicewhethertospendtimealone.Thelistdoesn’tendthere,though.Severalstudieslinktimealoneandcreativity,butonlywhenpeopleavoidsocialinteractionsbecauseofwhatisknownasa“non-fearful”preferenceforsolitude.Ontheotherhand,thereisnosuchlinkinthosewhosefearoranxietypreventsthemfrominteractingwithothers,orbecauseofavoidance,wherepeopledislikedsocialinteractions.Nowthinkaboutthenexttimeyouwillbeonyourown.Willyouenjoyorsufferit?Asevidenceincreasesforhowtimealonecanbeapositiveforceinshapingourlives,Hansenandhercolleaguesrecommendplanningforit-andprotectingit.4.Whatisthesurveyinparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whensolitudeisneeded. B.Whatsolitudelookslike.C.Howsolitudeaffectspeople’slives. D.Howpeoplemakethebestofsolitude.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“caveat”inparagraph3mean?A.Trap. B.Bonus. C.Warning. D.Prediction.6.Accordingtothestudies,timealonewillboostcreativityforthosewho__________.A.prefertotakerisks B.choosetobealonewithoutfearC.dislikesocialinteractions D.enjoynegativeemotions7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePowerofOne B.ProfitofSocializingC.TheUrgetoLiveAlone D.BattleAgainstSolitude【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要討論了獨(dú)處對(duì)人們生活的積極影響，包括提高創(chuàng)造力和幫助人們更好地規(guī)劃自己的生活?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Forsome,thinkoftheword“solitude”,andtheywillthinkofadeterminedhikeraloneinthewilderness.Mostpeopledescribedexperiencesofsolitudeachievedwhile,forexample,walkinginaparkorwritinginajournal.Surprisingly,somedescribedsolitudeashavingapsychologicaldistancefromothers,butnotnecessarilyaphysicalone.(對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，一想到“獨(dú)處”這個(gè)詞，他們就會(huì)想到一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的徒步旅行者獨(dú)自在荒野中。大多數(shù)人描述了在公園散步或?qū)懭沼洉r(shí)獲得的獨(dú)處經(jīng)歷。令人驚訝的是，一些人將孤獨(dú)描述為與他人保持心理距離，但不一定是身體上的距離。)”可知，該段主要討論的是獨(dú)處的表現(xiàn)形式，即“獨(dú)處是什么樣子的”。故選B。【5題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Inseveralseparateexperiments,Nguyenfoundthatwhenpeoplespend15minutesalone,thereisa“deactivationeffect”,meaning“highexcitement”emotionslikeanxietyaredecreased,whilepositive“l(fā)owexcitement”feelingslikecalmnessareincreased,whichwasn’tseenwhenpeoplespent15minuteswithanotherperson.(在幾個(gè)獨(dú)立的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，Nguyen發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們獨(dú)處15分鐘時(shí)，會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種“失活效應(yīng)”，這意味著焦慮等“高度興奮”的情緒會(huì)減少，而平靜等積極的“低興奮”情緒會(huì)增加，而當(dāng)人們與另一個(gè)人相處15分鐘時(shí)，則不會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況。)”可知，上文提到獨(dú)處的好處，結(jié)合下文“sometimessolitudealsoincreasesthenegativelowexcitementfeelingofloneliness.(有時(shí)獨(dú)處也會(huì)增加消極的低興奮感)”可知，此處的意思是獨(dú)處不僅會(huì)增加積極的低興奮感，也會(huì)增加消極的低興奮感，這是值得警醒的事情，由此可知，caveat意為“警告，警醒”。故選C。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Severalstudieslinktimealoneandcreativity,butonlywhenpeopleavoidsocialinteractionsbecauseofwhatisknownasa“non-fearful”preferenceforsolitude.(幾項(xiàng)研究將獨(dú)處時(shí)間與創(chuàng)造力聯(lián)系起來(lái)，但只有當(dāng)人們因?yàn)樗^的“無(wú)所畏懼”的獨(dú)處偏好而避免社交時(shí)才會(huì)如此。)”可知，只有那些因?yàn)椤胺强謶帧钡钠枚x擇獨(dú)處的人，獨(dú)處時(shí)間才會(huì)促進(jìn)他們的創(chuàng)造力。故選B。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要討論了獨(dú)處對(duì)人們生活的積極影響，包括提高創(chuàng)造力和幫助人們更好地規(guī)劃自己的生活。因此，最適合的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)獨(dú)處的好處或力量的標(biāo)題，即“一個(gè)人的力量”。故選A。CTexan81-year-oldgoodfriendsEllieHambyandSandyHazeliptouredtheworldin80days,provingthatadventuredoesn’thaveanagelimit.Theirfirststopwasalocationchallengingevenmanyexperiencedtravelers:theAntarctic.GettingtothesouthernmostcontinentfirstrequiredcrossingtheDrakePassage,thewatersbetweenthesoutherntipofSouthAmericaandtheAntarctic’sSouthShetlandIslands.“Foralmosttwodays,wewererockingandrolling,slippingandslidingthroughtheDrakePassageandwewereholdingonfordearlife,“Hambysaid.Thevoyage,however,fadedfromtheirmindastheysetfootonthegroundoftheAntarctic,fascinatedbythebreathtakingbeautyofpenguins,icebergsandglaciers.Sincethatfirstventure,thepairhavevisited18countriesacrossallsevencontinents.Anddespitethechallengesinternationaltravelpresented,thegoodfriendssaidtheyhadfinishedtheirtripwithoutanyargument.Thoughthey’rebothindependentandstubborn,theyrespecteachother’sfeelings.Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethepeoplethattheymet.“Wemetsomeofthemostwonderful,kindest,friendliestpeople.Wejusthavefriendsnowallovertheworldthatwelovedearly,”Hambysaid.Thetwosharedacrucialpieceofadvicefortravelersworryingaboutthelanguagebarrierontheirownadventures.”Youknow,peopleoftenaskusaboutit,”saidHamby.”Wetellthemthere’soneuniversallanguage,andthat’sthesmile.WefounditworkedwondersbecausewewereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspokenandthatthesmilecouldcoveralllanguages.”Theyalsoencouragedotherolderpeoplenottoletageholdthemback.Asidefromsomeminorchangesinplans,theiragedidn’taffecttheiritinerary(旅程)abroad.Theysaidtheyfeltconfidentthatiftheywereinjuredduringtheirtrip,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhattheyabsolutelywanted.AndHazelipdescribed81astheperfectagetoembarkonatrip.”Gettingolderdoesgiveusalittlebitofwisdomofmakingdecisions,”shesaid.8.WhatmightthepairthinkoftheirtriptotheAntarctic?A.Briefbutexciting. B.Toughbutworthwhile.C.Interestingbutfruitless. D.Unpleasantbutmemorable.9.Whatisthehighlightofthepair’sadventuresforthemselves?A.Meetingnicepeoplealongtheway.B.Experiencingmanychallengingactivities.C.Learningaboutdifferentculturesfromtravelers.D.Avoidingconflictsdespitetheirstubbornnature.10.Whathelpedthepaircommunicatewithpeopleduringtheadventure?A.English. B.Thesmile.C.Crucialadvice. D.Universalgestures.11.Whatcanweinferaboutthepairfromthelastparagraph?A.TheyfelldownwhenridingabikeinBali.B.Theyregrettednotexploringtheworldearlier.C.Theirchildrenunderstoodandsupportedthem.D.Theirwisdomsavedthemlotsoftimeduringtheirtrip.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。來(lái)自得克薩斯州的兩位81歲的好友EllieHamby和SandyHazelip周游世界八十天?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的““Foralmosttwodays，wewererockingandrolling，slippingandslidingthroughtheDrakePassageandwewereholdingonfordearlife，”Hambysaid.Thevoyage，however，fadedfromtheirmindastheysetfootonthegroundoftheAntarctic，fascinatedbythebreathtakingbeautyofpenguins，icebergsandglaciers.(Hamby說(shuō):“在差不多兩天的時(shí)間里，我們?cè)诘吕卓撕{里搖晃著，打滑著，我們拼命地堅(jiān)持著?！比欢?，當(dāng)他們踏上南極的土地，被企鵝、冰山和冰川的驚人美景所吸引時(shí)，這次航行就從他們的腦海中淡去了。)”可知，ElieHamby和SandyHazelip前往南極洲的旅程非常艱辛，但見(jiàn)到南極洲的風(fēng)光后她們又覺(jué)得很值得。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethepeoplethattheymet.“Wemetsomeofthemostwonderful,kindest,friendliestpeople.Wejusthavefriendsnowallovertheworldthatwelovedearly,”Hambysaid.(他們記得最深刻的是他們遇到的人?！拔覀冇龅搅艘恍┳顑?yōu)秀、最善良、最友好的人。我們現(xiàn)在在世界各地都有我們深?lèi)?ài)的朋友?！?"可知。這兩個(gè)人旅行的亮點(diǎn)是沿途遇到一些善良的人。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Wetellthemthere’soneuniversallanguage,andthat’sthesmile.WefounditworkedwondersbecausewewereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspokenandthatthesmilecouldcoveralllanguages.(我們告訴他們世界上有一種通用語(yǔ)言，那就是微笑。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這很有效，因?yàn)槲覀兘?jīng)常意識(shí)到英語(yǔ)并不總是被說(shuō)的，而微笑可以涵蓋所有的語(yǔ)言。)”可知，Hammby推薦通用語(yǔ)言“微笑”，因此推斷“微笑”有助于她們與人的交流。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theysaidtheyfeltconfidentthatiftheywereinjuredduringtheirtrip,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhattheyabsolutelywanted.(他們說(shuō)，他們有信心，如果他們?cè)诼眯兄惺軅?，他們的孩子?huì)知道他們?cè)谧鏊麄兘^對(duì)想做的事情。)”可推斷，EllieHamby和SandyHazelip的孩子們是理解并支持她們的。故選C。DResearchershopebrainimplants(植入物)willonedayhelppeoplewhohavelosttheabilitytospeak,togettheirvoicebackandmaybeeventosing.Now,forthefirsttime,scientistshavedemonstratedthatthebrain’selectricalactivitycanbeinterpretedandusedtoreconstructmusic.AstudypublishedinPLOSBiologyanalyzeddatafrom29peoplewhoalreadyhadbrainimplantsthatmonitoredthemforepilepticseizures(癲癇).AstheparticipantslistenedtoPinkFloyd’ssong“AnotherBrickintheWall,Part1,”asongwhichis“verylayered,”andthereforeisinterestingtoanalyze,theirimplantedelectrodes(電極)obtainedelectricalactivityinseveralbrainregionsrelatedtomusicalelementssuchastone,rhythm,harmonyandlyrics.TheresearchersthenranthesedatathroughanAImodeltopartiallyreconstructwhatparticipantsheard.Thereconstructedmelodywasroughlycomplete,andthelyricswereunclearbutrecognizableifoneknewwhattolistenfor.Beyondmusic,theresultsmaybemostusefulfortranslatingbrainsignalsintohumanspeech,whichitselfcontainsmelodicdifferences,includingtempo,stress,accentsandintonation.Thesesubtledifferences“carrymeaningthatwecan’tcommunicatewithwordsalone,”Belliersays.Theresearchershopetheirnewmodelwillimprovebrain-computerinterfaces,devicesthatturnbrainactivityintosynthesized(合成的)speechforthosewhocannolongerspeakontheirown.“Insteadofroboticallysaying,‘ILove.You,’youcanyell,‘Iloveyou!”saysthestudy’sseniorauthor,RobertT.Knight,acognitiveneuroscientist.Thecurrentmodelreliesonsurgicallyimplantedelectrodes.Butasbrain-recordingtechniquesimprove,itmaybepossibletogathersuchdatawithmoresensitiveelectrodesattachedtotheoutsideofthescalp(頭皮).Fornowtheresearchershopetogeneratecrispermusicalplaybackbypackingtheelectrodesclosertogetheronthebrain’ssurface,enablinganevenmoredetailedlookattheelectricalsymphonytheorganproduces.“Todaywereconstructedasong,”Knightsays.“MaybetomorrowwecanreconstructtheentirePinkFloydalbum.”12.Whathaveresearchersachievedatthepresentstage?A.Theyhaverecreatedalittlebrainmusic.B.Theyhaveimplantedelectrodestointerpretlyrics.C.Theyhavefoundacureforpeoplewithepilepticseizures.D.Theyhavegivenpeoplewhocan’tspeakthepowertocommunicate.13.WhatdidthestudypublishedinPLOSBiologyanalyze?A.Theeffectsofbrainimplantsonepilepticseizures.B.TheimpactofPinkFloyd’smusiconbrainfunction.C.Themusicalpreferencesofindividualswithbrainimplants.D.Theelectricalactivityinthebrainwhilelisteningtoaspecificsong.14.AccordingtoRobertT.Knight,what’sthesignificanceofthenewmodel?A.Itwillmakeroboticvoicemorepleasanttohear.B.Itcanhelppeopleexpressthemselvesmorefluently.C.Itmayhelpsomedisabledpeoplebetterconveytheirmeaning.D.Itislikelytofreepeople’shandswhenoperatingthecomputer.15.What’sthedecisivefactorofthefurtherdevelopmentofthestudy?A.Thearrangementofimplantedelectrodes.B.TheeffortstoreconstructPinkFloyd’sentirealbum.C.Thedevelopmentoftechniquestopickupbrainsignals.D.Theinterpretationoftheelectricalactivityofthebrain.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。詳細(xì)描述了科學(xué)家們?nèi)绾瓮ㄟ^(guò)研究大腦的電活動(dòng)來(lái)重建音樂(lè)，以及這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的潛在應(yīng)用和未來(lái)的發(fā)展方向?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AstheparticipantslistenedtoPinkFloyd’ssong“AnotherBrickintheWall,Part1,”asongwhichis“verylayered,”andthereforeisinterestingtoanalyze,theirimplantedelectrodes(電極)obtainedelectricalactivityinseveralbrainregionsrelatedtomusicalelementssuchastone,rhythm,harmonyandlyrics.TheresearchersthenranthesedatathroughanAImodeltopartiallyreconstructwhatparticipantsheard.Thereconstructedmelodywasroughlycomplete,andthelyricswereunclearbutrecognizableifoneknewwhattolistenfor.(當(dāng)參與者聽(tīng)平克·弗洛伊德(PinkFloyd)的歌曲AnotherBrickintheWall,第一部分時(shí)，他們植入的電極在與音調(diào)、節(jié)奏、和聲和歌詞等音樂(lè)元素相關(guān)的幾個(gè)大腦區(qū)域獲得了電活動(dòng)。這首歌“非常有層次”，因此分析起來(lái)很有趣。然后，研究人員通過(guò)人工智能模型運(yùn)行這些數(shù)據(jù)，部分重建參與者聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容。重建的旋律大致完成了，歌詞不清楚，但如果你知道要聽(tīng)什么，就能辨認(rèn)出來(lái))”可知，目前研究人員重新創(chuàng)造了一段大腦音樂(lè)。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AstheparticipantslistenedtoPinkFloyd’ssong“AnotherBrickintheWall,Part1,”asongwhichis“verylayered,”andthereforeisinterestingtoanalyze,theirimplantedelectrodes(電極)obtainedelectricalactivityinseveralbrainregionsrelatedtomusicalelementssuchastone,rhythm,harmonyandlyrics.TheresearchersthenranthesedatathroughanAImodeltopartiallyreconstructwhatparticipantsheard.Thereconstructedmelodywasroughlycomplete,andthelyricswereunclearbutrecognizableifoneknewwhattolistenfor.(當(dāng)參與者聽(tīng)平克·弗洛伊德(PinkFloyd)的歌曲AnotherBrickintheWall,第一部分時(shí)，他們植入的電極在與音調(diào)、節(jié)奏、和聲和歌詞等音樂(lè)元素相關(guān)的幾個(gè)大腦區(qū)域獲得了電活動(dòng)。這首歌“非常有層次”，因此分析起來(lái)很有趣。然后，研究人員通過(guò)人工智能模型運(yùn)行這些數(shù)據(jù)，部分重建參與者聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容。重建的旋律大致完成了，歌詞不清楚，但如果你知道要聽(tīng)什么，就能辨認(rèn)出來(lái))”可知，研究人員讓參與者聽(tīng)PinkFloyd的歌曲，并通過(guò)植入電極監(jiān)測(cè)他們大腦中與音樂(lè)元素相關(guān)的幾個(gè)區(qū)域的電活動(dòng)，如音調(diào)、節(jié)奏、和聲和歌詞等。因此，該研究的重點(diǎn)是分析在聽(tīng)特定歌曲時(shí)大腦的電活動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchershopetheirnewmodelwillimprovebrain-computerinterfaces,devicesthatturnbrainactivityintosynthesized(合成的)speechforthosewhocannolongerspeakontheirown.“Insteadofroboticallysaying,‘ILove.You,’youcanyell,‘Iloveyou!”saysthestudy’sseniorauthor,RobertT.Knight,acognitiveneuroscientist.(研究人員希望他們的新模型能改進(jìn)腦機(jī)接口——那些將大腦活動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為合成語(yǔ)音的設(shè)備，服務(wù)于無(wú)法自行說(shuō)話的人群?！澳憧梢月曀涣叩睾俺觥覑?ài)你’，而不是機(jī)械地說(shuō)出‘我，愛(ài)你’，”該研究的主要作者、認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)家RobertT.Knight說(shuō)道)”可知，新模型可以幫助不能說(shuō)話的人更好地傳達(dá)自己的意思，讓他們能夠更準(zhǔn)確、更自然地表達(dá)自己的情感和需求，這是RobertT.Knight所提到的新模型的重要意義。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thecurrentmodelreliesonsurgicallyimplantedelectrodes.Butasbrain-recordingtechniquesimprove,itmaybepossibletogathersuchdatawithmoresensitiveelectrodesattachedtotheoutsideofthescalp(頭皮).(目前的模型依賴(lài)于手術(shù)植入的電極。但隨著大腦記錄技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，在頭皮外部安裝更靈敏的電極，收集這些數(shù)據(jù)可能成為可能)”可知，目前的研究模型依賴(lài)于手術(shù)植入的電極，但隨著大腦記錄技術(shù)的改進(jìn)，可能通過(guò)使用更靈敏的、附著在頭皮外側(cè)的電極來(lái)收集此類(lèi)數(shù)據(jù)。因此，進(jìn)一步研究的決定性因素是大腦信號(hào)采集技術(shù)的發(fā)展。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoMakeYourWritingFlow?Writingflowreferstohowsmoothlytextflowsfromonesentencetothenextandoneparagraphtoanother.____16____Ontheotherhand,choppy(不連貫的)writinglackingflowdisruptsthereadingexperience.Luckily,youhavethetipsbelowtoimprovetheflowofyourwriting.1.Varyyoursentencestructure.Usingonlyshort,choppysentencescreatesadisconnectedrhythmthatdisruptstheflow,whileaseriesoflong,complexsentencesoverwhelmreaders.____17____Varyingsentencestructurekeepsreadersengagedandcreatesnaturalmovementfromoneideatothenext.2.Usetransitionwordsandphrases.Transitionwordsandphrasesactlikebridgesbetweensentencesandparagraphs.Theycreatelogicalconnectionsbetweenideas.Usetransitionslike“however,”“therefore,”“similarly,”and“incontrast”togluesentencesandparagraphstogethersmoothly.____18____3.Structureparagraphsaroundacentralidea.____19____Thesupportingsentencesintheparagraphshouldworktogethertoexplain,develop,orarguethatcentralidea.Thiscreatescohesionwithinparagraphsandconnectsthemtoeachotherlogically.Usetopicsentencestointroducethemainideaofeachparagraph.Paragraphsstructuredaroundasingularfocusimprovewritingflowandreadability.4.____20____Revisitingwritingwithfresheyesmakesflawsinflowandtransitionsmorenoticeable.Letyourdraftsrestforadayortwotopreventgettingstuckreworkingthesamepassagerepeatedly.Approachingwritinganewallowsyoutoevaluateflowandsmoothoutimperfectionswithdistanceandobjectivity.A.Don’tleaveouttherevisingprocess.B.Letcompleteddraftsrestbeforeediting.C.Thekeyistomixsentencelengthstocreatefluidvariety.D.Placethematthebeginningofasentenceorbetweenindependentclauses.E.Flowingwritingmaintainsthecontinuityofideasandtransitionslogically.F.Eachparagraphshouldhaveacontrollingidearelatingtoyouroveralltheme.G.Asawriter,itisyourresponsibilitytopresentyourreaderswithacentralidea.【答案】16.E17.C18.D19.F20.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是如何讓你的寫(xiě)作流暢?！?6題詳析】空后“Ontheotherhand,choppy(不連貫的)writinglackingflowdisruptsthereadingexperience.(另一方面，不連貫的寫(xiě)作會(huì)破壞閱讀體驗(yàn))”說(shuō)明了不連貫的寫(xiě)作會(huì)破壞閱讀體驗(yàn)，由“Ontheotherhand”可知，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)連貫的寫(xiě)作會(huì)帶來(lái)什么好處，E選項(xiàng)“Flowingwritingmaintainsthecontinuityofideasandtransitionslogically.(流暢的寫(xiě)作保持了思想的連續(xù)性和邏輯上的過(guò)渡)”說(shuō)明了連貫的寫(xiě)作的好處，因此引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?7題詳析】空后“Varyingsentencestructurekeepsreadersengagedandcreatesnaturalmovementfromoneideatothenext.(不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)能讓讀者保持專(zhuān)注，并使從一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)到下一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)形成自然的過(guò)渡)”說(shuō)明了不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)的好處，空格處應(yīng)該引出要用不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，C選項(xiàng)“Thekeyistomixsentencelengthstocreatefluidvariety.(關(guān)鍵是要混合句子長(zhǎng)度，以創(chuàng)造流暢的變化)”說(shuō)明了要混合句子的長(zhǎng)度，也就是用不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，因此引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?8題詳析】空前“Usetransitionslike“however,”“therefore,”“similarly,”and“incontrast”togluesentencesandparagraphstogethersmoothly.(使用“however”、“therefore”、“similar”和“incontrast”這樣的過(guò)渡詞，將句子和段落流暢地粘合在一起)”說(shuō)明要用過(guò)渡詞，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)該怎么用，把它們放在哪里，D選項(xiàng)“Placethematthebeginningofasentenceorbetweenindependentclauses.(把它們放在句子的開(kāi)頭或獨(dú)立分句之間)”說(shuō)明了要把過(guò)渡詞放在什么位置，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?9題詳析】本段小標(biāo)題是“Structureparagraphsaroundacentralidea.(圍繞中心思想組織段落)”，說(shuō)明本段主要講的是每一段都要有一個(gè)中心思想，空格處也是關(guān)于中心思想的，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Eachparagraphshouldhaveacontrollingidearelatingtoyouroveralltheme.(每一段都應(yīng)該有一個(gè)與你的整體主題相關(guān)的控制思想)”說(shuō)明了每一段都要有中心思想，符合本段語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?0題詳析】空格處是本段小標(biāo)題，由空后的“Letyourdraftsrestforadayortwotopreventgettingstuckreworkingthesamepassagerepeatedly.(讓你的草稿休息一兩天，以防止反復(fù)修改相同的段落)”可知，本段主要講的是要讓草稿休息一兩天，B選項(xiàng)“Letcompleteddraftsrestbeforeediting.(在編輯之前讓完成的草稿休息一下)”說(shuō)明了要讓草稿休息一下，因此概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為小標(biāo)題，故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ItwaslateNovember.Mostoftheleaveshadfallenoffthetrees,leavingonly____21____brancheswavinginthesurroundingmountains.Theskywasgraywithclouds____22____downacold,bone-chillingrain.Mymood____23____theday.TheolderIgot,thelessitseemedIlikedthewintermonths.WhenIwasaboy,theymeantplayinginthesnow,makingsnowmen,havingsnowballfights,andthencurlingupwithmydogbythe____24____andreadingmyfavoritebooks.Butnowtheyjustmeantwatchingthedaysget____25____drivingondarkroads,andfeelingthecoldwind____26____myfacelikeaslap.Isighedandlaydownonmybed.Afeelingof____27____settledovermyspiritandIwishedIcouldgetunderthecoversandsleepuntilspring.Justthenmylittledog____28____ontomybedandlookedatmewithherbig,weteyes.Shelookedsosadand____29____thatIlaughedandpettedher.I_____30_____sheoftenmirroredmymoods.Ismiledandcontinuedtopetherhead_____31_____shetoobrokeintoahappysmile.Isnuggledup(依偎)withher,lookinguptothegraysky.Thelittledog_____32_____methatinlifethewholeworldaroundusisourmirror.Wecaneitherbea_____33_____oflightorashadowofdarkness.Wecaneithergivetheworldourkindnessorour_____34_____.Mylittlepupshowedmeonceagainthatlifeis_____35_____whatwemakeitandthatwecanreflectourwarmth,love,andlighteveninwinter’sdarkestdays.21.A.rough B.bare C.dead D.thick22.A.throwing B.going C.falling D.breaking23.A.influenced B.attacked C.matched D.lifted24.A.wall B.river C.snow D.stove25.A.warmer B.longer C.shorter D.colder26.A.over B.againstC.beneathD.towards27.A.happiness B.panic C.curiosity D.depression28.A.jumpedup B.heldup C.tookup D.liftedup29.A.exhausted B.doubtful C.disappointed D.miserable30.A.disapproved B.challenged C.complained D.acknowledged31.A.while B.unless C.until D.after32.A.reminded B.persuaded C.warned D.stimulated33.A.temperature B.reflection C.recovery D.shape34.A.hope B.mood C.anger D.joy35.A.rarely B.possibly C.partially D.truly【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.B27.D28.A29.D30.D31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要通過(guò)自己和狗狗的在一個(gè)冬天的經(jīng)歷，體會(huì)到生活真的是我們自己創(chuàng)造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我們也能反映出我們的快樂(lè)、愛(ài)和光明?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：樹(shù)上的葉子大多落了，只剩下光禿禿的樹(shù)枝在周?chē)娜荷街袚u曳。A.rough粗糙的；B.bare光禿禿的；C.dead死的；D.thick厚的。根據(jù)上文“Mostoftheleaveshadfallenoffthetrees”可知，葉子都掉落了，所以是光禿禿的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：天空灰蒙蒙的，烏云密布，下著刺骨的冷雨。A.throwing投；B.going去；C.falling降落；D.breaking打破，折斷。根據(jù)下文“downacold,bone-chillingrain”可知，下著刺骨的冷雨。固定搭配throwdownrain“下雨”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的心情與天氣相符。A.influenced影響；B.attacked襲擊；C.matched匹配；D.lifted提起，舉起。根據(jù)下文“Isighedandlaydownonmybed.AfeelingofsettledovermyspiritandIwishedIcouldgetunderthecoversandsleepuntilspring.”可知，作者的心情與陰沉的天氣相符。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我還是個(gè)小男孩的時(shí)候，它們意味著在雪地里玩耍，堆雪人，打雪仗，然后和我的狗蜷縮在火爐旁，讀我最喜歡的書(shū)。A.wall墻；B.river河流；C.snow雪；D.stove爐子。根據(jù)下文“readingmyfavoritebooks.”可知，是在溫暖的爐火旁，享受著讀書(shū)的快樂(lè)。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在，它們只意味著看著白天越來(lái)越短，在黑暗的道路上開(kāi)車(chē)，感覺(jué)冷風(fēng)打在我的臉上，就像打了我一巴掌。A.warmer溫暖的；B.longer較長(zhǎng)的；C.shorter較短的；D.colder較冷的。根據(jù)下文“ondarkroads”可知，白天越來(lái)越短。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在，它們只意味著看著白天越來(lái)越短，在黑暗的道路上開(kāi)車(chē)，感覺(jué)冷風(fēng)打在我的臉上，就像打了我一巴掌。A.over懸在……上面；B.against迎著；C.beneath在……下方；D.towards朝向。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ikeaslap”可知，冷風(fēng)打在作者的臉上。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一種沮喪的感覺(jué)籠罩著我的精神，我希望我能鉆進(jìn)被窩，睡到春天。A.happiness快樂(lè)；B.panic恐慌；C.curiosity好奇；D.depression沮喪。根據(jù)上文“Isighedandlaydownonmybed”可知，作者是沮喪的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我的小狗跳上我的床，用她濕漉漉的大眼睛看著我。A.jumpedup跳起來(lái)；B.heldup支撐；C.tookup從事；D.liftedup提升。根據(jù)下文“ontomybedandlookedatmewithherbig,weteyes”可知，小狗跳上床。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她看起來(lái)那么悲傷和痛苦，我笑著撫摸著她。A.exhausted筋疲力盡的；B.doubtful懷疑的；C.disappointed失望的；D.miserable痛苦的。根據(jù)上文“sosad”可知，看起來(lái)那么悲傷和痛苦。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我承認(rèn)她經(jīng)常反映我的心情。A.disapproved不同意；B.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；C.complained抱怨；D.acknowledged承認(rèn)。根據(jù)下文“sheoftenmirroredmymoods.”可知，這是作者承認(rèn)的內(nèi)容。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：我笑了笑，繼續(xù)撫摸著她的頭，直到她也露出幸福的笑容。A.while然而；B.unless除非；C.until直到；D.after之后。根據(jù)句意可知，本句為until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：小狗提醒我，在生活中，我們周?chē)恼麄€(gè)世界都是我們的鏡子。A.reminded提醒；B.persuaded說(shuō)服；C.warned警告；D.stimulated刺激。根據(jù)上文“sheoftenmirroredmymoods.”可知，小狗在提醒作者，周?chē)恼麄€(gè)世界都是我們的鏡子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們既可以成為光明的反射，也可以成為黑暗的陰影。A.temperature溫度；B.reflection反射；C.recovery恢復(fù)；D.shape形狀。根據(jù)常識(shí)及下文“oflightorashadowofdarkness”可知，光具有反射性，這里指我們可以是光明的反射，即傳遞光明和正能量。故選B項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以給世界善意，也可以給世界憤怒。A.hope希望；B.mood心情；C.anger憤怒；D.joy快樂(lè)。根據(jù)上文“k