關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句總結(jié)

指人，在從句中做主語（1）TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.（2）YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，常可省略。（1）Mr.Liuistheperson（whom）youtalkedabout.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。（2）Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.（which在句子中做主語）Thisisthepen（which）heboughtyesterday.（which在句子中做賓語）指人時，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。（1）Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.（在句子中做主語）（2）Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?（在句子中做賓語）通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語（1）hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.（2）Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替（3）theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.（4）theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.（5）doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?（6）doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?二、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)（1）theschool（that/which）heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.（2）theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.（3）tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazine（that/which）youaskedfor.（4）tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.（5）we'llgotohearthefamoussinger（whom/that/who）wehaveoftentalkedabout.（6）we'llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.注意：.含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等（1）thisisthewatchwhich/thatiamlookingfor.（turth）thisisthewatchforwhichiamlooking.（false）.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時用which，不能用that；themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.（t）themanwho/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend.（f）theplaneinwhichweflewtocanadaisverycomfortable.（t）theplaneinthatweflewintocanadaisverycomfortable.（f）.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.解答"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"類型的定語從句題時，關(guān)鍵在于分析定語從句中的謂語動詞（該動詞是不及物動詞）習(xí)慣上常與什么介詞搭配使用。這就需要同學(xué)們在平時學(xué)習(xí)時要注重某些不及物動詞和介詞慣用的情形，并要靈活運(yùn)用。例如：Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp.thatwhofromwhomtowhom簡析:本題定語從句中的turn與介詞to構(gòu)成固定短語"turntosb.forhelp（向某人求助）"。定語從句由關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose、which和關(guān)系副詞where、when、why等引導(dǎo)，但須記住：不能引導(dǎo)定語從句.2.關(guān)系詞的分析須考慮它在定語從句中的成分。一.指人的關(guān)系代詞有who、whose、whom、that.試分析：Theoldmanwho/whom/thatwevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing.Themanwithwhommyfathershookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.（Themanwho/whomthatmyfathershookhandswithjustnowisourheadmaster.）注：A. 指人時有時只用who不宜用that。.先行詞為one、ones或anyone(1)ThecomradeIwanttolearnfromistheonewhostudieshardandworkshard.Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished..先行詞為these時ThesewhoaregoingtoBeijingarethebeststudentsofourschool..在therebe開頭的句子中Thereisastudentwhowantstoseeyou..一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關(guān)系代詞是that,另一個宜用who,以免重復(fù)。Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshards..在非限制性定語從句中A。Imetafriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromJapan..主句以who開頭的句子中，只用that,不用who。二.指物的關(guān)系代詞有which、whose(=ofwhich)、that.試分析：Ilikethebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyLuXun.Thedesks(which/that)wemadelastyearwereverygood.Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.(=Thisis the housewhich/that we lived inlastyear.)Iliveintheroomwhosewindowsfacesouth.(=Ilivein the room,thewindows of which facesouth.)注：A.介詞如果位于作為其賓語的關(guān)系代詞之前時，只能用whom、which不能用who或that.⑴.Thegirlaboutwhomtheyweretalkingisourmonitor.(2).ThebookinwhichtherearemanyinterestingthingswaswrittenbyLiMing.B.部分短語動詞中的介詞不可與動詞拆開，在定語從句中其介詞不可前置，只能放在其動詞之后。Isthisthebookwhichsheislookingfor?Theoldmanwho/whomtheyarewaitingforisProfessorLi.Thechildwho/whomsheislookingafterisWangPing'sson.C. 指物時，下列情況下只能用that，不宜用which。(1)先行詞為不定代詞，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、theone等。Wearewillingtodoanythingthatisgoodtothepeople.Ihavetoldthemall(that)Iknow.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.(2)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、修飾時。ThefirstbookthatIreadlastnightwasanEnglishnovel.(3)先行詞是形容詞最高級或被最高級修飾時。ThisisoneofthemostinterestingfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.Thisisthebestthatcanbedonenow.(4)如果有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時(先行詞既有人又有物)，定語從句的關(guān)系代詞用which和who都不合適，只能用that。Weknownothingaboutthedoctorsandthehospitalsthatyouaretalkingabout.Therearesheepandmenthatcanbeseenonthehill.(5)如果先行詞被theonly、thevery、thelast、thesame、any、few、little、no、all、oneof、just修飾時。Thisistheonlybookthatcanbelenttoyou.(6)當(dāng)主句是以which開頭的特殊問句時，關(guān)系代詞只用that。注意：1.不用that的情況(a)在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時。(錯)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.(b)介詞后不能用。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.2.只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況(a)在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。(b)在不定代詞，如：anything,nothing,theone,all等作先行詞時，只用that，不用whicho(c)先行詞有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just修飾時，只用that。(d)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that,不能用which。.(e)先行詞既有人，又有物時。(f)先行詞指物，在主句中作表語時.(g)為了避免重復(fù).(h)先行詞是theway或thereason時，that可作關(guān)系副詞，也可省略Whichisthedictionarythatheusedyesterday?D.只物時，下列情況下只能用which,不宜用that。(1)關(guān)系代詞放在介詞之后Thisisthefactoryinwhichweonceworked.(2)非限制性定語從句中Thisisthebook,whichiswrittenbyLuXun.(3)that,Those作主語時ThosewhichareonthedeskareEnglishbooks.E.先行詞前有such、thesame、as時，關(guān)系代詞用as,不用that,但thesame…as…表示同樣的，thesame…that…表示同一的Heknowsasmanypeopleasarepresentatthemeeting.Suchpeopleasyourefertoarerarenowadays.what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句【典型例題解析】例1Thesecondbook IwanttoreadisBusiness@theSpeedofThought.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.as解析先行詞book被序數(shù)詞修飾時要用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選C。例2I'llneverforgetthedays Istayedwithyou.A.whenB.inwhichC.thatD.forwhich解析本題指時間，故選A。例3Thebook issoldoutatthemoment.A.youneedB.whatyouneedC.whichyouneeditD.thatyouneedit解析B、C、D中的what和it與先行Thebook相抵觸，故選A。例4Isthistheplace Lincolnoncelived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when解析本題指地點(diǎn)，故選C。例5I'moneoftheboys neverlateforschool.A.thatisB.whoareC.whoamD.whois解析本題中who用作主語，謂語動詞與先行詞theboys保持一致，故選B。【選講例題】例6Hersister, youmetatmyhome,wasateacherofEnglish.A.whomB.thatC.whichD.whois解析非限制性定語從句中， 關(guān)系代詞用which,不用that,但指人時用who或whom.故選A。例7Thesebookareforstudents motherlanguageisnotEnglish.A.ofwhomB.thatC.whichD.whose解析whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,whose用作定語，故選D。

三、單項(xiàng)選擇（）YourteacherofChineseisayounglady comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose( )A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose( )Ilikethehouse windowsfacesouth.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zA.whoseB.who'sC.it's D.its( )Hewastheonlypersoninhisoffice wasinvited.A.whomB.whose C.thatD.which( )Thisisthemuseum wevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.inthat( )Charlietoldhismotherall hadhappened.A.thatB.what C.whichD.wholWhereistheSchoolEnglishSpeechContestgoingtobeheldtonight?—I'mnotsure.Isitinthehall canhold300people?A.where B.what C.that D.wheniWhatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Ilikemovies scarymonsters.A.whichhasB.thathaveC.whathasD.whyhaveyouknowtheman istalkingtoMissWu?A.heB.whomC.whoD.whichlWhichisyournewneighbor,LiuHua?—Theman T-shirtisred.A.that B.who C.which D.whose—Doyouknowthegirl istalkingwithourteacher?—Oh,she'smysister.A.who B.whoseC.whom D.where overweightneedmorewaterthanthinpeople.A.whoisB.whichareC.thatisD.whoareSorry,wedonthavethecoat youneed.A.whatB.whoC.whomD.whichThisisthedictionary Mumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whomyouknowtheman issittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whombook heboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A./B.whyC.whenD.what狀語從句專練I.選擇填空： 1.Themancan'tgetonthebusbecausetherenoroomonit.A.wasB.is C.are D.were2.Iwaslisteningtothemusic therewasaknockatthedoor.A.whileB.whenC.because D.until3.Idon'tknowifhe tomorrow,ifhe ,I'llmeethim.A.willcome,comes B.comes,comesC.willcome,willcome D.come,willcome4Theteacherunderstandsthat Mathshadalwaysbeeneasyforhim,itisnoteasyforthestudents.sinceB.unless C.though D.when5. Iread,themoreIunderstand.ThemoreB.Somuch C.Howmuch D.Forall6.WouldyougiveJohnnythisletterifyou toseehimthisweek.A.willhappenB.happenarehappenedD.happened7.Shewasbusy, shecouldn'tgotoyour

birthdaypartylastnight.A.andB.soC.orD.but8.Englishisbirthdaypartylastnight.A.andB.soC.orD.but8.Englishis ausefullanguageitisspokeninmanycountriesoftheworld.A.so…that B.such…that C.so…becauseD.such…because9.Youwillsucceedifyou harder.A.willworkB.won’tworkC.workdon’twork10.Writeclearly yourteachercanunderstandyoucorrectly.A.sinceB.for C.becauseD.sothat11.Hisbrotherhasworkedthere heleftschool.whenB.afterC.since D.until12.Theboydidn’tstoptalking thesecondbellrang.whenB.untilafter D.because13.Heranasfastaspossible hecouldreachschoolontime.inordertoB.soastoC.when D.sothat初中賓語從句練習(xí)題1.Idon'tknow hewillcometomorrow. hecomes,I'lltellyou．A.if;WhetherB.whether;Whether C.if;Thatif;If2.Couldyoutellme thenearesthospitalis?A.what B.how C.whetherD.where3.Doyouknowwhere now?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive4.Doyouknowwhattime ?A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves5.Shewantedtoknow hermotherlikedthepresent.AwhichBthatyouknowhasbeenselectedtoattend（參加）themeeting?A．whoB.howC.whyD.that7.know hedoesn’twanttotakepartintheproject.A.whoB.whatD.whosedoesn’tknow tostayornot.A.whetherB.ifC.whyD.whatteachertoldmethatlight fasterthansound.A.traveledB.istravelingC.hadtraveledD.travelswillfindout .A.whyishelateB.whyisn’thelateC.whylateheisD.whyheislate初中英語定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題與答案詳解place interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhichyouknowtheman ?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspokeisthehotel lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayedyouknowtheyear theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhichistheday I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.whenfactory we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhichchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory weareworking.A.wherethatC.whichD.thereisoneofthebestfilms .A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalkedyoulendmethebook theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalkedpen heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhicharrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.thatengineer myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhomthereanyoneinyourclass familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose'minterestedin youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.whichwanttousethesamedictionary wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.asisn'tsuchaman heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.asisgoodatEnglish, weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.whatMing, totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentwentwithhimdon'tlike asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovelstalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whatletterisfrommysister, isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whoourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who'retheonlyperson I'veevermet coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;wholostabook, Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitlethetitleofitD.thetitleofthatsummerwevisitedtheWestLake, Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.whathaveboughtsuchawatch wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.itcanneverforgettheday weworkedtogetherandtheday wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;whenway helooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./isthereason hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhichmachine, formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.reasonwhichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafterreason hedidn'tcomewas hewasill.A.why;that;whyC.forthat;thatwhich;whatisworkinghard, willmakehimpassthefinalexam.whichisnottheway Idoit.A./whichwhichhavetwogrammars, areofgreatuse.A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhichwanttousethesametools usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.whichneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble, wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.itisthemagazine Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhichisnotsuchaman wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise hemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whoseSmoking, isabadhabit,is,however,popular.A.thatB.whichC.itthough41.---Didyouasktheguard happened?---Yes,hetoldmeall heknew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears Ilivedonthefarmwiththefarmers, hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho cars increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are44.Duringthedays ,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed45.Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall, hecouldsee wasgoingoninsidehouse.A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that47.Is someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?A.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere48.Johngotbeateninthegame, hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens, writeswell.A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich50.Allthatcanbeeaten eatenup.A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen答案及解析for初中英語定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題與答案詳解（第2套）參考答案及解析A.which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。C."和誰講話”要說speaktosb.本題全句應(yīng)為DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。D.where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。C.when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。A.which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個答案都不能作賓語。C.解析同第5題。A.解析見第3題。A.本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念，其謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動語態(tài)havebeenshown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the,則theone應(yīng)該視為先行詞。A.“談到某事物”應(yīng)說talkaboutsth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語，不能用that。10.A.withwhich是〃介詞+關(guān)系代詞〃結(jié)構(gòu)，常用來引導(dǎo)定語從句.with有〃用”的意思，介詞之后只能用which,不能用that.withwhich在定語從句中作狀語，即heiswritingwithapen.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.Infrontofwhich在從句中作狀語.D.withwhom引導(dǎo)定語從句.withwhom放在從句中即為:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.13.D.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語family的定語.A.that引導(dǎo)定語從句，因?yàn)橄刃性~是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo).D.thesame ..as是固定用法，as引導(dǎo)定語從句時，可以作主語，賓語或表語.在本句話中，as作從句的主語.16.D.such as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語從句時,可以作主語，賓語或表語.在本題中，as作表語.17.B.as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨(dú)用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。這時as所指代的不是主句中某個名詞，而往往指代整個主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語、賓語。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語.18.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句,withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定語從句.withwhom放在從句中為：IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.19.C.as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時，要用sucha……..，本題中suchbooks,such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞.20.B.things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時,其關(guān)系代詞要用that.21.D.who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,who作從句的主語.2