移動(dòng)車(chē)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)的外文翻譯

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<文獻(xiàn)翻譯一：原文>FiniteAnalysisandResearchofLift-slidingStereoGarageStructureLongbiaoZhu,HuiWang,JingliangWang,LiuPeng,TianchengZhu,ZhihuiZhu.FiniteAnalysisandResearchofLift-slidingStereoGarageStructure[A].InformationEngineeringResearchInstitute,USA.Proceedingsof20163rdInternationalConferenceonMechanicLongbiaoZhu,HuiWang,JingliangWang,LiuPeng,TianchengZhu,ZhihuiZhu.FiniteAnalysisandResearchofLift-slidingStereoGarageStructure[A].InformationEngineeringResearchInstitute,USA.Proceedingsof20163rdInternationalConferenceonMechanical,Industrial,andManufacturingEngineering(MIME2016)[C].InformationEngineeringResearchInstitute,USA:智能信息技術(shù)應(yīng)用學(xué)會(huì),2016:10.ABSTRACT:Thepapertookthelift-slidingstereogaragewithfourfloorsandsixcolumnsastheresearchobject,establishedsteelstructurefinitemodel,determinedtheloadtypeandputforwardloadconversionmethods.Onthisbase,aimingatsteelstructurefinitemodel,staticanalysis,modelanalysis,dynamicanalysisandseismicresponsespectrumanalysiswerecarriedout.Itcalculatedandobtainedthemaximumdisplacementofthebeams,steelstructureinherentfrequencyandvibrationmodeaswellasdisplacementchangesofsteelstructureundertheactionofseismicload.Thesimulationresultsshowthestiffnessofsteelstructurecanmeetthedesignrequirementforresisting8gradewindandM7earthquake,andhasgreatsafetymargin.1INTRODUCTIONInrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofnationaleconomy,thedramaticincreaseoftheconsumerswhopossessthecarleadstoamajorityofsocialproblems,suchastrafficcongestionandthedifficultyofparking,etc,andseriouslyaffectsthepeople'slivingenvironment,therefore,solvingthedifficultiesofparkinghasbecomeaurgentsocialproblemtoberesolved.However,thelift-slidingstereogaragebecomesthemostwidelyusedparkingequipmentintermsoftheadvantagesthatincludesmalllandoccupied,amajorityofeffectiveandconvenientparkingstalls,convenientlyparkingandtakingcars,lowercostofconstructionandmaintenanceaswellashighersafetyandreliability.Basedonthecomplexityofbearingofgaragestructure,theadditionofloadcanleadtothelargerdeformationontheweakpartsofthestructure,whichaffectstheoverallperformanceandevencausessomeunpredictablesafetyaccidentsofthefailureofthegarage.Toassurethesafe,reliableandefficientoperationofthegarage,itisverynecessarytodothesimulationaboutfiniteelementanalysisonthegaragestructureforensuringthatstructurehasenoughstrength,stiffnessandstability.Takingliftslidingstereogaragewith4floorsand6columnsastheresearchobject,thedrivingmodeofacombinationofmotor,chainandsteelwirerope,theverticalspeedandtransversespeedarerespectively5m/minand8m/min.Thegaragebuiltmustmeettherequirementofresisting8gradewindandM7earthquake.2CREATEFINITEELEMENTMODELOFGARAGESTRUCTUREPlaneviewoflift-slidingstereogaragewith4floorsand6columnsisshownasfigure1,itismainlycomposedofbearingframe,liftingmotor,trailerpalletandmovabletrailerframe.Forstereogaragebelongtoakindofthelarge,highredundancyandcomplexstructuresystem,itisdifficulttodirectlydofiniteelementanalysisofthegarage,sobeforecarryingoutthesimulation,thestructureofgaragemustbereasonablysimplified.Figure1.Planeviewoflift-slidingstereogarage.Thesteelstructureofgaragesimplifiedisshownasfigure2,itismainlycomposedoffrontandrearcolumns,frontandrearbeams,longitudinalbeamsandinclinedsupports.ThematerialisQ235,elasticmodulusE=2.0×1011pa,poisson'sratioμ=0.3,thedensityρ=7850kg/m3.ThespecificationofcolumnisH200*100,specificationoflongitudinalbeamsarerespectivelyH300*150andH200*200,specificationofhalfH-beam’sisH200*100,specificationofinclinedsupportisH50*50.ThepaperchoseANSYSsoftwaretocreatefiniteelementmodelofsteelstructurethroughtheparameterizedmethod.Intheprocessofbuildingthemodel,thebeams,columnsandinclinedsupportadoptBEAM188unit,thestyleofconnectionofthecomponentsisrigid[1].ThedistancebetweenadjacentparkingstallofthegarageinXdirectionis2.5m,thedistanceinZdirectionis6.4m,theheightoffirstflooris2.54m,theheightofeachfloorsfromthesecondfloortotheforthflooris1.7m.Themodelbuilthasfourfloorsandsixcolumns,andcanprovide21parkingstalls.ThegaragegivesprioritytoDtypeofcars,thesizeofvehicleis5000mm×1850mm×1550mm,theweightis1700kg,theweightofcalculationis2000kg.Figure2.Steelstructureofstereogaragesimplified.3STATICSANALYSISOFGARAGESTRUCTURETheloadsofsteelstructureofstereogaragearedividedintofourcategories,whichincludeconstantload,variableload,windloadandearthquakeload.Theconstantloadismadeupofbearingframe,trailerpallet,liftingandtransferringmotor,andmovabletrailerframeandsoon,applyingthespecificmechanicsformulacalculatestheconstantload,andthentheloadconvertedisallottedtothenodesbearingloadsofsteelstructure.Thevariableloadincludesvehicleload,snowload,andweightofstaffandequipment,etc.Inthispaper,itonlyconsiderscarloadandsnowload.Forcarload,accordingtotherate,itisabletobeevenlyallottedtothenodesbearingloadsofsteelstructurethroughfourpadlocksfromthetrailerpallet[2].Snowloadandwindloadhavesimilarconversionmethod,butthesnowloadisuniformlydistributedtothenodesbearingloadsofsteelstructureontheroofofgarage.Intheprocessoftrailerpalletthatbearsthecarmovingalongthehorizontaldirection,itwillimpactonsteelstructure.Theimpactloadcanbecalculatedthroughthemethodof1.25timesoffullmassthatincludestheloadoftrailerpallet,movabletrailerframeandthecar,anditusuallyisaddedtothenodesbearingloadsofsteelstructureonthesecondandthirdfloor.Themonsoonhavinganeffectontheanti-winddevicecanproducewindload.Thewindloadiscalculatedwiththelinearconversionmethodandevenlyallottedtosteelstructure[3].Theearthquakewillgenerateseismicloadthatisimposedtothegaragestructure,therefore,theseismicloadcanbecalculatedwiththeconversionmethod,andthenaddedtosteelstructureintheformofacceleration[4].Accordingtoloadconditions,theforcestatusofmodelcanbedividedintothetwocategoriesofemptyloadandfullloadconditions.Theload-calculatingundertheconditionofemptyloadismainlymadeupoftheconstantloadsthatincludebearingframe,trailerpallet,motor,movabletrailerframe,etc,butexceptforvehicleloads.Theload-calculatingundertheconditionoffullloadisconsistedoftheconstantloadundertheconditionofemptyloadandtheloadofthecarparkingonthetrailerpallet.3.1ConversionofloadThemassoftrailerpalletis400kg,themassofliftingmotoronthesecondandthirdflooris60kg,themassofliftingmotorontheforthflooris70kg.themassoftransversemotoris8kg.Themassofmovabletrailerframeis1000kg.Dtypeofthecaris1700kg,themassoftheload-calculatingis2000kg.Theweightofthefrontaxleis7kN,theweightoftherearaxleis13kN.Itcanobtainthedatumofloadsunderthetwoworkingconditionsofemptyloadandfullloadthroughtheconversionprocessing[5].AccordingtoAHandbookofArchitectureStructureLoadDesign[6],itcandeterminethecalculationformulaofstandardvalueofsnowload:SIntheformula,Skisthestandardvalueofsnowload,theunitisonethousandnewtonpersquaremeter,μrisdistributioncoefficientofroofsnow,anditsvalueis1.0inthispaper,S0isbasicsnowpressureanditsvalueis0.25kN/m.Intheanalysisofstaticsanddynamics,thecombinationcoefficientofsnowloadisusually0.7,themostunfavorablecombinationcoefficientofsnowloadis0.98,whichhasannegativeeffectonsteelstructure.Intheprocessofseismicanalysis,thecombinationcoefficientofthevariableloadis0.5.Basedontheabovedatum,itcancalculatetheloadsthatroofsnowofthegaragegenerates,andthensnowloadconvertedisaddedtothenodesbearingloadsofsteelstructureontheroofofthegarage.3.2ConversionofloadChoosingANSYSsoftwarecreatesfiniteelementmodelwiththeparameterizedmethod,andthenthemodelismeshed,itcanobtain1108unitsand2080nodes.Undertheconditionofstaticsmodule,itcansetupthesolvercontroloption,addthedisplacementconstraintstothebottomofthecolumns,andequivalentlyaddtheloadstothenodesofsteelstructure[7].Inordertogetthedeformationofsteelstructure,findouttheweakpositionofsteelstructure,anddeterminewhetherthesteelstructureisabletomeetthedesignrequirementsornot,thestaticsanalysisunderthetwoworkingconditionsofemptyloadandfullloadiscarriedout.Thestaticsnephogramofsteelstructureisshownasfigure3andfigure4.Basedonthedatumoffigure3,figure4andtable1,undertheworkingconditionsofemptyloadandfullload,itcancometotheconclusionthatthemaximumdeformationofYdirectionandthetotalvectordisplacementofsteelstructureislocatedattheupperlongitudinalbeamthatplaysanroleofsupport,andbendingdeformationofthelongitudinalbeamoccurredalongthenegativeYdirection.Theresultsofsimulationshowthemaximumdeformationofthetotalvectordisplacementliesinthemiddlelocationoflongitudinalbeamontheforthfloorandfifthcolumn,thevaluesofdeformationarerespectively1.594mmand2.381mm.Accordingtodesignrequirements,allowabledeflectionvaluesoflongitudinalbeamandcrossbeamarerespectively12.8mmand15.2mm,thedeformationvalueshouldnotbegreaterthanrespectiveallowabledeflectionvalue.Undertheconditionoffullload,themaximumdeformationvaluesoflongitudinalbeamandcrossbeamarelessthantheallowabledeflectionvalue,soitsstiffnesscanmeetthedesignrequirements.Table1.Maximumdeformationvaluesofsteelstructureunderdifferentworkingconditions.Figure3.Displacementchangenephogramofsteelstructureundertheconditionofemptyload.Figure4.Displacementchangenephogramofsteelstructureundertheactionoffullload.

<文獻(xiàn)翻譯一：譯文>升降式立體車(chē)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)有限元分析與研究摘要：以四層六柱升降式立體車(chē)庫(kù)為研究對(duì)象，建立了鋼結(jié)構(gòu)有限元模型，確定了荷載類(lèi)型，提出了荷載轉(zhuǎn)換方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上，針對(duì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)有限元模型，進(jìn)行了靜力分析、模型分析、動(dòng)力分析和地震反應(yīng)譜分析。計(jì)算得到了地震荷載作用下梁的最大位移、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的固有頻率和振型以及鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的位移變化。仿真結(jié)果表明，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)剛度滿(mǎn)足8級(jí)風(fēng)和7級(jí)地震的設(shè)計(jì)要求，具有較高的安全性。一、引言近年來(lái)，隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的大幅增長(zhǎng)，擁有汽車(chē)的消費(fèi)者增多，造成了許多的社會(huì)問(wèn)題如交通擁堵和停車(chē)難等，產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)重影響。因此，對(duì)于人的生存環(huán)境問(wèn)題,解決停車(chē)難已成為社會(huì)迫在眉睫的、有待解決的大事。所以，升降式立體車(chē)庫(kù)成為應(yīng)用最廣泛的停車(chē)場(chǎng)。升降式立體車(chē)庫(kù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)包括：占地面積小、提供較多的停車(chē)位、方便停車(chē)、降低建設(shè)成本和維護(hù)以及更高的安全性和可靠性?；谲?chē)庫(kù)軸承的復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)中，荷載的增加會(huì)導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)薄弱部分的變形，會(huì)影響整體表現(xiàn)，甚至?xí)l(fā)生一些不可預(yù)知的車(chē)庫(kù)的故障，甚至安全事故。為了確保安全、可靠和車(chē)庫(kù)的高效運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，有限元分析仿真車(chē)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)是非常必要的，可以確保結(jié)構(gòu)具有足夠的強(qiáng)度、剛度和穩(wěn)定性。本文以4層6柱升降式立體車(chē)庫(kù)為例研究對(duì)象，一個(gè)正在運(yùn)行的電機(jī)，由鏈條和鋼絲繩組合，其垂直速度和橫向速度分別是5m/min和8m/min。建造的車(chē)庫(kù)必須滿(mǎn)足符合抵抗8級(jí)風(fēng)和M7地震的要求。二、建立有限元模型車(chē)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)圖1為4層6列的升降式立體車(chē)庫(kù)的平面圖，主要由軸承架，升降馬達(dá)，拖車(chē)托盤(pán)和可移動(dòng)拖車(chē)框架組成。由于立體車(chē)庫(kù)屬于大型，高冗余，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)之一，很難直接對(duì)車(chē)庫(kù)進(jìn)行有限元分析，因此在進(jìn)行仿真之前，必須合理簡(jiǎn)化車(chē)庫(kù)的結(jié)構(gòu)。圖1升降式立體車(chē)庫(kù)平面圖簡(jiǎn)化后的車(chē)庫(kù)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)如圖2所示，主要由前后柱，前后橫梁，縱梁和傾斜支撐組成。材質(zhì)為Q235，彈性模量E=2.0×1011pa，泊松比μ=0.3，密度ρ=7850kg/m3。柱的規(guī)格為H200*100，縱梁的規(guī)格分別為H300*150和H200*200，半H型鋼的規(guī)格為H200*100，傾斜支撐的規(guī)格為H50*50。本文選擇ANSYS軟件通過(guò)參數(shù)化方法建立鋼結(jié)構(gòu)有限元模型。在建立模型的過(guò)程中，梁、柱和傾斜支撐采用BEAM188單元，構(gòu)件的連接方式是剛性的[1]。車(chē)庫(kù)的相鄰?fù)＼?chē)位之間在X方向上的距離為2.5m，在Z方向上的距離為6.4m，第一層的高度為2.54m，從第二層到第四層的每層高度為1.7m。建造的模型有四層、六列，可提供21個(gè)停車(chē)位。車(chē)庫(kù)優(yōu)先使用D型汽車(chē)，汽車(chē)尺寸為5000mm×1850mm×1550mm，重量為1700kg，計(jì)算重量為2000kg。圖2立體車(chē)庫(kù)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化三、車(chē)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析立體車(chē)庫(kù)的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)荷載分為恒荷載，變荷載，風(fēng)荷載和地震荷載四類(lèi)。恒定載荷由軸承架、拖車(chē)托盤(pán)、起重和運(yùn)輸馬達(dá)以及可移動(dòng)的拖車(chē)框架等組成，應(yīng)用特定的力學(xué)公式計(jì)算出恒定載荷，然后將轉(zhuǎn)換后的載荷，分配給鋼結(jié)構(gòu)體的承重節(jié)點(diǎn)。變荷載包括車(chē)輛荷載，雪荷載以及人員和設(shè)備的重量等。在本文中，它僅考慮車(chē)荷載和雪荷載。對(duì)于轎廂負(fù)載，可以根據(jù)比率，通過(guò)掛車(chē)托盤(pán)上的四個(gè)掛鎖將其平均分配給承受鋼結(jié)構(gòu)負(fù)載的節(jié)點(diǎn)[2]。雪荷載和風(fēng)荷載具有相似的轉(zhuǎn)換方法，但是雪荷載均勻地分布在車(chē)庫(kù)屋頂上的承受鋼結(jié)構(gòu)荷載節(jié)點(diǎn)上。在承載汽車(chē)的拖車(chē)托盤(pán)沿水平方向移動(dòng)過(guò)程中，它將對(duì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生影響。沖擊載荷可以通過(guò)質(zhì)量的1.25倍的方法計(jì)算得出，其中包括拖車(chē)托盤(pán)，活動(dòng)拖車(chē)框架和轎廂的載荷，通常將其添加到承受第二層和第三層鋼結(jié)構(gòu)載荷的節(jié)點(diǎn)上。影響防風(fēng)裝置的季風(fēng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生風(fēng)荷載。用線(xiàn)性轉(zhuǎn)換法計(jì)算風(fēng)荷載并將其平均分配給鋼結(jié)構(gòu)[3]。地震會(huì)產(chǎn)生施加在車(chē)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)上的地震荷載，因此，可以用轉(zhuǎn)換方法計(jì)算地震荷載，然后以加速度的形式添加到鋼結(jié)構(gòu)中[4]。根據(jù)載荷情況，模型的受力狀態(tài)可分為空載和滿(mǎn)載兩種?？蛰d條件下的載荷計(jì)算主要由軸承架、拖車(chē)托盤(pán)、電動(dòng)機(jī)、活動(dòng)拖車(chē)架等恒定載荷組成，但車(chē)輛載荷除外。滿(mǎn)載條件下的載荷計(jì)算包括空載條件下的恒定載荷和拖車(chē)托盤(pán)上的停車(chē)場(chǎng)的載荷。3.1負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)換拖車(chē)托盤(pán)的質(zhì)量為400kg，第二和第三層的起重電動(dòng)機(jī)的質(zhì)量為60kg，第四層的起重電動(dòng)機(jī)的質(zhì)量為70kg。橫向電機(jī)的質(zhì)量8kg?？梢苿?dòng)拖車(chē)架的質(zhì)量為1000kg。D型車(chē)為1700kg，計(jì)算負(fù)荷的質(zhì)量為2000kg。前軸的重量為7kN，后軸的重量為13kN。通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)換處理可以得到空載和滿(mǎn)載兩種工況下的載荷數(shù)據(jù)[5]。根據(jù)《建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》[6]，可以確定雪荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的計(jì)算公式：S公式中，Sk為雪荷載的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值，單位為千牛頓/平方米，μr為屋頂雪的分配系數(shù)，本文值為1.0，S0為基本雪壓，值為0.25千牛/米。在靜力學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)分析中，雪荷載的組合系數(shù)通常為0.7，最不利的雪荷載的組合系數(shù)為0.98，這會(huì)對(duì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生不利影響。在地震分析過(guò)程中，變荷載的組合系數(shù)為0.5。根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)，可以計(jì)算出車(chē)庫(kù)屋頂積雪產(chǎn)生的載荷，然后將轉(zhuǎn)換后的積雪載荷加到車(chē)庫(kù)屋頂承受鋼結(jié)構(gòu)載荷的節(jié)點(diǎn)上。3.2負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)換選擇ANSYS軟件，通過(guò)參數(shù)化方法創(chuàng)建有限元模型，然后對(duì)該模型進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分，可獲得1108個(gè)單位和2080個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)。在靜力學(xué)模塊的條件下，它可以設(shè)置求解器控制選項(xiàng)，在柱的底部添加位移約束，并等效地將載荷添加到鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的節(jié)點(diǎn)[7]。為了得到鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的變形，找出鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的薄弱位置，確定鋼結(jié)構(gòu)是否滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求，在空載和滿(mǎn)載兩種工況下進(jìn)行靜力分析。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的靜電云圖如圖3和圖4所示。根據(jù)圖3，圖4和表1的數(shù)據(jù)，在空載和滿(mǎn)載的工作條件下，可以得出以下結(jié)論：Y方向的最大變形和鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的總矢量位移位于上方縱梁起支撐作用，縱梁的彎曲變形沿負(fù)Y方向發(fā)生。仿真結(jié)果表明，總矢量位移的最大變形位于縱梁在第四層和第五列的中間位置，變形值分別為1.594mm和2.381mm。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求，縱梁和橫梁的允許撓度值分別為12.8mm和15.2mm，變形值應(yīng)不大于相應(yīng)的允許撓度值。在滿(mǎn)載條件下，縱梁和橫梁的最大變形值均小于允許的撓度值，因此其剛度可以滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求。表1不同工況下鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的最大變形值圖3空荷載作用下鋼結(jié)構(gòu)位移變化云圖圖4全荷載作用下鋼結(jié)構(gòu)位移變化云圖<文獻(xiàn)翻譯二：原文>DesignofFiveParkingLiftingStereoGarageBasedonS7-200ChenHuiqin,ChenYulin.DesignofFiveParkingLiftingStereoGarageBasedonS7-200[A].ResearchInstituteofManagementScienceandIndustrialEngineering.Proceedingsof20172ndInternationalConferenceonEducation,Sports,ArtsandManagementEngineering(ICESAME2017)[C].ResearchInstituteofManagementScienceandIndustrialEngineering:計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與電子技術(shù)國(guó)際學(xué)會(huì)(ComputerScienceandElectronicTechnologyInternationalSociety),2017:5.Abstract:Thestereogaragehasbecomeanimportantmeansanddevelopmenttrendstosolvetheproblemofcity’sparkingdifficulty.Inthispaper,ittakestwo-layerandfive-locationoflift-slidingstereogarageforexample,instroducingitssystemstructureandworkingprocess,focusingonitsComponent,SoftwareandhardwaredesignbaseonS7-200.Itimplementsautomaticaccessvehicle,operationmonitoringandfaultalarmforstereogarage.Keywords:lift-sliding;stereogarage;controlsystem;S7-200;design1IntroductionWiththeimprovementoflivingstandardandthedevelopmentofeconomy,automobileintothemostfamilies,becomethemostpeople'smeansoftransport,buttospeeduptheprocessofurbanization,therapiddevelopmentofrealestateindustry,makingurbanspacemoreandless,theparkingproblemhasbecomeoneoftheproblemsurgentlytobesolvedinthecity,thetraditionalplanetypeparkinghadgoneintoadeadend,intotheairtoparkingspaces,implementingstereoparkingissolutionfastparkingproblemtheonlywaytobigcities,variousthree-dimensionalgaragespringinguplikegetrapiddevelopment.Three-dimensionalgaragetypeliftingandtransferringverticalcirculationtype,horizontalcirculationtype,multicirculatingtypeetc..Indevelopedcountries,theapplicationofup-downandtranslationstereogaragehasahistoryofnearly30.Japan,Germanyandothercountrieshaveformedaseriesofmaturetechnologyofup-downandTranslationStereogarage.Theup-downandtranslationhassimplestructure,convenientoperation,accordingtothesafety,reliability,lowcost,etc.,inthedomesticmarketofthestereogarageoccupiesanabsoluteadvantage.Thedesignforthedouble5carliftslidinggarage,twolayersofthree-dimensionaldesign:onelayerandtwolayer.Thetwolayermobileonlyliftingboard,ahorizontalboardlayeronlytranslationalmotion.Theup-downandtranslationstereogaragesysteminatotalofsixparkingspaces,includingavacancywiththetemplatetheriseandfallofthechannel,theotherfivespaceswiththetemplatecanbeusedforstorageofvehicles.Alayerofparkingspacesforparkingortakingthecarsignals,donotneedtomovetheotherfivefloorsforparkingandtakingoutofthecar.Secondlayerofparkingspacesforparkingortakingthecar,shouldfirstdeterminethecorrespondinglayerifthepositionisempty,ifnotemptytoshifttoalayer,untilthebottomoftheemptytowerefallingactionreachalayer,andthentoparkingthecar,inandoutofthecarafterrisingbacktoitsoriginalposition.Thesystemstructureisshowninfigure1.Figure1.Systemstructurediagram2SolidGarageSystem2.1controlsectionControlsystemofliftingandtransferringgarageisthevehicleaccesscommandcenterisaprerequisiteforrealizingintelligent.Mainlyconsistsofthemaincircuitandcontrolcircuit.Themaincircuitcontrolloadtheriseandfallofthefloorsandshifting.Theequipmentismainlytraversingasmallmotorandaliftingmotor,inordertorealizethemotorrunningsmoothly,nonoise,lowenergyconsumption,highaccuracyandhighspeed,traverseasmallmotormainlyadoptsgearreducer,largeliftingmotormainlyadoptsspecialbeltbrakereducer,speedcontrolsystemusingACvariablefrequencyspeedregulation;controlcircuitismainlydesignedforthesafetyofthecar,thevariouscontrolloops.Thecontrolsystemisdividedintohardwarepartandsoftwarepart.Themainoperatingmodesofthecontrolsystemaredividedintotwotypes,automaticoperationmodeandmanualoperationmode.Referstotheso-calledautomaticoperationmode,whentheoperatorinputandoutofthegaragepasswordandparkingnumber,pressconfirmationkey,remotecontrolandoperationsystem,garagetrayliftingandtraversingactionwillautomatically,whenthesetofparkingspacesatgroundlevel,userscanwilldrivethecarcarryingboard,orfromthecarcarriesthetemplatetoremovethecar.Theautomaticmodeismainlyusedfornormalusers,theoperatorinputsignalremotecontroloperationofthegarage.Theso-calledmanual(orpoint)operationmodeoperationpersonneloperatedseparatelycontinuousorintermittentoperationofacertainaction,suchasacarliftalone,aloneshifting,theoperationmodeforgaragemanagementpersonneloroperationandmaintenancepersonneltouse.2.2ThepartofliftingandslidingtransmissionLiftingdriveisthemainpartofthegaragedrivesystem,whichisresponsibleforthemovementsofpalletandvehicle.Themotorandachaindrivedevicetemplatefromtheunderlyingspacesascendtotheupperparkingspaces,orthetemplatefromtheupperparkingfelltothebottomofparkingspacestoachievelifttruckaccess.Liftingdrivepartiscomposedofmotor,frequencyconverter,chainwheel,chainandsoon.Duringoperating,electricmotordrivesthechainwheels,thechainwheeldrivethechain.Thetraymoveupanddownthroughthecontrolofmotor’srotationdirection.Duringaccesstothevehicle,theliftingsystemistobeaccessedbythevehicletoadesignatedpositionbytheparkingtrayortodropthetraycarryingthevehiclefromthespecifiedposition.Transversetransmissionsystemisresponsibleforparkingtray’smovementonthebeam.Traversingtransmissionmechanismconsistsofmotor,inverter,drivingwheelandrail.Bottomtraversedrivesystemareintegratedwithvehicles,transversetransmissionsystemoftheotherlayersareplacedontheparkingframe.Driveshaftworkperformanceisgoodorbadwilldirectlyaffecttheworkingconditionofthewholegarage.Accordingtotheworkingprincipleofthelift-slidingstereogarage,carcarrier,exceptthetoplayerone,shouldmoveleftandrightthroughslidingrailineachlayer.Withthesemovement,theuppercarcarrierwillhaveenoughspace.2.3SteelstructureframeThesteelframestructureismainlycomposedofbeams,rails,rails,racksandtraycomponents.Themainfunctionofthisstructureisforbearing,anumberofparkingspaces,andtheinstallationofmechanicaltransmission,electricalcontrol,firecontrolsystems,drainageandotherrelatedequipment.Framestructureisthesupportingpartofthewholegarage.Themainframesystemisbuiltbytheconnectionofhorizontalbeamandverticalcolumn’ssteelnodes.3Designofliftingandtransferringparkingcontrolmodule3.1SelectionofcontrolhardwareControlsystemisanimportantequipmentofthree-dimensionalgarage,whichdirectlyaffectstheworkingefficiencyofthegarage.Thecontrolsystemshouldhavethefeaturesofreliability,easyoperation,importandexportautomatically.Thecontrolsystemmainlyconsistsofthehost,contactor,circuitbreaker,travelswitch,limitswitch,photoelectricswitchandsoon.Besides,asanindustrialautomationcontroller,PLChashighreliability,stronganti-interferenceability,smallvolume,goodversatility,convenientuse.Therefore,thisstudyselectsS7-200CPU226PLCasthecoreofthecontrolsystemmanagesandmonitorgarage.3.2CompositionofcontrolsystemThecontrolsystemmainlyconsistsofhardwaresystemandsoftwaresystem,anditsstructureisshowninFigure2.Themaincontrolobjectofthecontrolsystemistotraverseasmallmotorandliftalargemotor.Thesemotorswilloperatethroughpressofcontrolbuttonbasedonthecustoms’purposes.Changeofthepowerphasewillachievethecarcarriers’movement.Besides,theothercontrolobjectisavarietyofauxiliarydevices,suchasdetectiondeviceanditsvarioussecurityfacilities,etc.Figure2.SystemarchitecturediagramProcessduringupanddownmotionisthemostpronetoproblems.Thereforeliftsystemwithinverterdrivestheliftingmotor.Whiledecelerationdevicewillcontroltheliftingspeed.Travelswitchpositioningistakeninordertoensurethecarcarrierdroppingatthespecifiedlocation.Thephotoelectricswitchisusedtodeterminewhetherthereisavehicleonthecarcarrier.Besides,anti-fallingsystemwithanti-fallingelectromagnetisusedinthesecondfloorparkingspacetopreventcardrop.Safetyhooksystemwillbeopenedwithpowerandlockedwithoutpower.Then,itcanpreventparkingspacedroppedbecauseofwirefractureatpower-offcondition..Detectionsignalsendingbythedetectiondeviceistoensuretheprecisepositioningoftheparkingspacesandsecurity.Requiredtestingdevicesconcludeparkingspacesleftinplace,rightinplace,ontheupperlimit,undertheplace,thesafetyhookopenandotherdetectiondevices.Thecontrolprincipleisshowninfigure3.Figure3.Principlecontroldiagram3.3DesignofcontrolprogramFigure4.SoftwareflowchartPLCcontrolsystemismainlyaimedtocompletetheoperationofstorageandtakingvehiclesautomatically.Thecontrolprogramisdesignedwithmodularstructure,whichiscomposedofinitializationprogram,maincontrolprogramandfaultalarmprogram.Initializationprogramismainlytoscantheportandthestate,thentransfertothecorrespondingprogramaccordingtotheresultsofthetests.Inaccesstovehicles,ifdriverchooseparkingspaceinlayeronethedrivercandirectlydrivethecarintotheparkingspaceoroutofthecarcarrier.Whileifdriverchoosethelayertwo,PLCcontrolprogramcandeterminetheparkingspaceinlayeronejustbelowthechosenonewhetherisfree.Thenthecarcarrierwilldropwhenitisfree.Otherwise,thecarcarrierwillbemovedandfreethespacefirstly.Oncecompletethecarstorageorcartaking,systemwillresetautomaticallyandwaitforthenextoperationinstructions.Whenthevehicleistoolongoroverweight,ortherearesomeothersecurityrisks,thefaultalarmprogramwillbesenttothesoundandlightsignalalarm,whilethesystemwillstopallactions,clearallports